JPH10111470A - Picture display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a picture display device by which the end part and the corner part of an observing screen can easily be observed and a user is hardly tired in the case of a long time observation. SOLUTION: This picture display device is provided with a display element 4 displaying picture, an optical system 3 projecting light emitted from the element 4 on the eye ball 1 of an observer, and a holding means by which the element 4 and the system 3 can be attached to the head part or the face part of the observer; and they are attached only on the single eye of the observer. A principle ray 2 on an axis emitted from the center of the screen of the element 4 and reaching the center of the pupil 8 of the observer through the optical system 3 and the visual line 5 of the observer obtained in the case the observer faces front do not coincide. Therefore, the end part and the corner part of the observation screen can easily be observed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to an image display device, and more particularly to a head or face-mounted image display device capable of being held on the head or face of an observer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the human eye, the ability to detect information for a presented light stimulus is only within a very narrow area in a wide monocular field of view. The area in which the information can be received with high accuracy is called a discrimination visual field, and is within about 5 ° of the center. This is due to the fact that the eyesight has sufficient ability only at or near the center. In addition, about 15
In the range of °, the effective visual field is such that the target information can be instantly detected and received from the noise information only by the eye movement.
In other words, when observing at a larger angle of view, it is natural to observe with head movement. In other words, observing a wide angle of view only by eye movements may impose a burden on the observer.

When using a monitor of a computer such as a desktop, when observing an edge or a corner of a screen, the user can turn his or her head in a desired viewing direction. Even when observing, the visual axis of the observer can be easily matched with the desired location on the screen.

On the other hand, in recent years, the development of a head or face-mounted image display device (HMD) has become active. The image of the display element can be projected on the observer's eye as a virtual image enlarged by the optical system. Therefore, even if a small display element is mounted, an observer can observe a large screen. JP-A-6-308 of the applicant
When the image display device of No. 396 is used, for example, the size of a display element mounted at an observation angle of view of 40 ° is 1 inch (about 25.4 mm) in diagonal length, and is 0.2 mm from the observer's eyeball.
Assuming that a virtual image is formed 5 m ahead, a large monitor of about 18 inches is observed.

[0005]

However, when the head or face-mounted image display device (HMD) is used as a so-called information terminal monitor such as a monitor of a computer, even if the head or face is moved, the observation screen is not displayed. The position does not change. Therefore, the observer observes all information (characters, pictures, and the like) displayed on the entire large screen in the virtual space only by eye movement.

In this case, in order to observe the end or the corner of the observation screen, the eyeball must be kept in a rotated state. That is, since the external ocular muscles around the eyeball are tensed for a certain period of time, the observer becomes tired of the eyeball or the periphery of the eyeball. Further, if used for a long time, it is expected that the head, neck and the like will be fatigued. In particular, when observing the upper edge of the screen, the outer edge of the screen (ear side), or the corner at the upper outer edge of the screen, the user tends to be tired.

The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art, and has as its object the purpose of making it easy to observe the edges and corners of an observation screen and making it hard to be fatigued even after prolonged observation. An object of the present invention is to provide an image display device.

[0008]

According to the present invention, there is provided an image display apparatus, comprising: a display element for displaying an image; an optical system for projecting light emitted from the display element onto an observer's eyeball; An image display device having a holding means that can be mounted on the head or face of the observer, wherein the image display device is mounted only on a single eye of the observer, and the light emitted from the center of the screen of the display element is the optical device. The present invention is characterized in that the axial principal ray reaching the center of the observer pupil via the system does not coincide with the observer's visual axis when facing the front.

According to the present invention, there is provided a display element for displaying an image, an optical system for projecting light emitted from the display element to an observer's eyeball, and holding means for mounting the optical element on the observer's head or face. In the image display device having the above, the light emitted from the center of the screen of the display element is an axial principal ray reaching the center of the observer pupil via the optical system, and the observer's visual axis when facing the front is The image display device includes an image display device that is vertically displaced with respect to an observer.

Further, the present invention provides a display element for displaying an image, an optical system for projecting light emitted from the display element to an observer's eyeball, and enabling them to be mounted on the head or face of the observer. An image display device having a holding unit, wherein the center position of the screen to be observed is lower than the observer's visual axis when facing the front.

In the following, the reason for adopting the above configuration in the present invention, the function and effect thereof, and a modified image display device of the present invention will be described. An image display device according to a first aspect of the present invention has a display element for displaying an image, an optical system for projecting light emitted from the display element to an observer's eyeball, and applying them to the observer's head or face. In the image display device having a holding means that can be mounted, the image display device is mounted only on the monocular of the observer, the light emitted from the center of the screen of the display element to the center of the observer pupil via the optical system It is characterized in that the on-axis principal ray does not coincide with the observer's visual axis when facing the front.

An image display apparatus according to the present invention corresponds to the first to fourth embodiments described later. In this image display device, display is performed by attaching to the observer an image display device having a display element for displaying an image, an optical system, and holding means for attaching them to the head or face of the observer. An image displayed on the element can be projected to an observer as an enlarged virtual image. The larger the size of the screen to be observed, the easier it is to recognize the information displayed thereon, the larger the characters and pictures, and the more information that can be displayed.

The application of the image display device of the present invention is not limited to a computer monitor, but may be used as a monitor for any information terminal, such as a monitor for a PDA, a terminal for a barcode reader, and a small monitor for personal communication. Therefore, the observation angle of view to be set depends on the application. However, in particular, personal computers,
When used for a workstation or the like, the size of the terminal monitor used so far will be required. Existing monitors, which are as small as 13 inches to as large as several tens of inches by a liquid crystal projector, have screens of 100 inches or more.

[0014] In the image display apparatus of the present invention, the distance D _k from the observer to the virtual display surface, if the lateral size of the observation screen was l _x, the ω horizontal angle is given by the following equation.

Ω = tan ^-1 {(l _x / 2) / D _k } × 2 (1) The size of the observation screen is 13 inches (aspect ratio 3: 4)
If you set it considerably, the horizontal size l _x of the observation screen
Becomes _{l x = 13 × 25.4 × 4} /5 = 264.16mm ··· (2). For example, the distance D _k from the observer to the virtual display surface
= 2 m, ω = tan ⁻¹ ｛(264.16
/2)/2000｝×2≒7.5°. Therefore, in order to set a computer observation screen at a virtual image position of 2 m, it is desirable that ω ≧ 7 ° (3).

Further, when the observation screen is 13 inches and the virtual image position is 1 m, it can be similarly obtained by Expression (1), and it is desirable that ω ≒ 15 ° (4).

Further, when the observation screen is 13 inches and the virtual image position is 0.5 m, it can be similarly obtained by the equation (1), and ω ≒ 30 °. Therefore, the virtual image position is 0.5
In order to set a computer observation screen at m, it is desirable that ω ≧ 30 ° (5).

Here, the axial chief ray that exits from the center of the display screen and passes through the center of the exit pupil of the optical system will be referred to as the optical axis of the optical system. The visual axis of the observer facing the front and the optical axis of the optical system do not match, for example, by setting the optical axis of the optical system to tilt downward, it is possible to observe a large observation screen for a long time Can be observed in a state that is easy for the observer to see,
In some cases, it is possible to suppress the fatigue of muscles around the eyeball, as well as the head, neck, and shoulder.

Since there are individual differences among humans, the direction in which the observation screen is displaced cannot be limited to the upper, lower, left and right directions. However, any direction may be used as long as it is difficult for the individual to be fatigued.

In addition, when it is difficult for the user to see the upper side of the screen for physical reasons, the observer can set the position of the display element and the optical system to the lower side to display an image, and In the state facing the front, the upper part of the screen can be observed without raising the eye position so much. Also, when it is difficult to see the lower side, the inner side, and the outer side, similarly to the above-described method, the positions of the display element and the optical system are set so that the screen position is set on the opposite side to the direction in which the observation is difficult. By doing so, observation becomes relatively easy.

According to the present invention, there is provided a display element for displaying an image, an optical system for projecting light emitted from the display element to an observer's eyeball, and a holding means for mounting them on a head or face of the observer. In the image display device having the above, the light emitted from the center of the screen of the display element is an axial principal ray reaching the center of the observer pupil via the optical system, and the observer's visual axis when facing the front is The image display device includes an image display device that is vertically displaced with respect to an observer.

This image display apparatus is described in Examples 1-2 below.
Corresponds. When the observer gazes at the entire screen with only eye movements, it varies depending on the software used,
When the frequency of observing the upper part is high, it becomes increasingly difficult to see the upper part. Therefore, if the entire observation screen is located on the lower side, it is not necessary to raise the eye position so much when observing the upper end of the screen. Conversely, if the frequency of observing the lower part is high, setting the entire screen to the upper part provides an environment that is easy for the observer to use.

Further, the present invention provides a display element for displaying an image, an optical system for projecting light emitted from the display element to an observer's eyeball, and enabling them to be mounted on the observer's head or face. An image display device having a holding unit, wherein the center position of the screen to be observed is lower than the observer's visual axis when facing the front.

This image display apparatus is described in Examples 1 and 2 described later.
Corresponds. When the observer gazes around the screen only by eye movement, observing the upper side tends to cause fatigue of the muscles around the eyeball such as the eyeball and extraocular muscles, and conversely, observing the lower part tends to be less fatigued. It is in. Therefore, if the entire observation screen is located on the lower side, it is not necessary to raise the eye position so much when observing the upper end of the screen. It is hard to be tired.

When the center position of the screen to be observed is below the observer's visual axis when facing the front, light emitted from the center of the screen of the display element is focused on the center of the observer's pupil via the optical system. the leading light to an axial principal ray, when the _v the angle of the observer's visual axis and the axial principal ray theta in the vertical direction with respect to the _{observer, -30 ° <θ v <0} ° ··· ( It is desirable to satisfy condition 6). Here, the sign of θ _v is set such that the observer's visual axis is used as a reference axis, the case where the optical axis is tilted upward from the reference axis is positive, and the case where it is tilted downward is negative. Hereinafter, the same is set.

It is natural that a person can perform clearer observation closer to the visual axis, but it is said that the maximum area where the head can be fixed and gazeable is about 45 ° below and about 40 ° above (Opl).
usE, No. 74, p. 124 physiological optics). That is, it is difficult to observe an image on the image display device mounted on the head at an angle greater than this. On the other hand, the image display device mounted on the head of the present invention may have a vertical angle of view of several degrees to several tens degrees. Therefore, considering these, the observer's visual axis and the axial chief ray of the optical system (optical axis)
Is important to satisfy the condition of the expression (6).

In this case, it is preferable that the condition of −20 ° <θ _v <0 ° (7) is further satisfied. It is 25 degrees up and down to keep stable gaze state by smooth movement of eye movement
It is said to be in the range of 40 °. Therefore,
If the angle of view of the image display device is taken into account, it is preferable that the range of Expression (7) is satisfied.

In this case, it is more preferable to satisfy the following condition _: -10 ° <θ _v <0 ° (8) Naturally, humans can observe clearly as the observation object is closer to the visual axis, but in a range called an effective visual field, information search can be performed only by eye movement. The range is said to be within about 12 degrees vertical. Therefore, when the setting condition of the optical axis is set in the range of Expression (8), the image near the optical axis is within the effective visual field, and a state in which observation is easy can be realized.

When the center position of the screen to be observed is lower than the observer's visual axis when facing the front, it is desirable that the image display device is mounted only on the single eye of the observer.
The optical system mounted on the image display device is mounted only on the single eye of the observer, and when the observer observes the display element with only the single eye, the optical axis of the optical system mounted on the single eye and the observer's visual axis are shifted. With such settings, observation can be performed in a comfortable state. For example, by setting the optical axis of the optical system to tilt downward, the observer can observe in an easy-to-see state even when observing for a long time, the eyeball, muscles around the eyeball, and further,
In some cases, it is possible to suppress fatigue of the head, neck, and shoulder.

Further, the present invention provides a display element for displaying an image, an optical system for projecting light emitted from the display element to an observer's eyeball, and enabling them to be mounted on the head or face of the observer. Holding means, the image display device is mounted only on the monocular of the observer, and light emitted from the center of the screen of the display element reaches the observer pupil center via the optical system. The image display device includes a principal ray and an observer's visual axis when facing the front, which are horizontally displaced from the observer.

This image display apparatus corresponds to the third and fourth embodiments described later. When the observer gazes at the entire screen only by eye movements, it varies depending on the software used. However, when the frequency of observing the left side is high, it becomes increasingly difficult to see the left side. Therefore, if the entire observation screen is located on the right side, the eye position does not need to be left so much when observing the left end of the screen, so that it is hard to be tired even if the entire screen is observed only by eye movement. Conversely, when the frequency of observing the right side is high, setting the entire screen to the left provides an environment that is easy for the observer to use.

When the above-mentioned axial principal ray and the observer's visual axis when facing the front are displaced in the horizontal direction with respect to the observer, the observer's visual axis and the axis in the horizontal direction with respect to the observer. when the angle of the principal ray and _{θ h, -40 ° <θ h} < satisfy desirably of 40 ° ··· (9). Here, the sign of θ _h is set such that the observer's visual axis is used as a reference axis, the case where the optical axis is tilted to the left from this is positive, and the case where the optical axis is tilted to the right is negative. Hereinafter, the same is set.

It is natural that a human can perform clearer observation closer to the visual axis, but it is said that the maximum area in which the head can be fixed and gazeable is 50 ° left and right (Opplus E, No. 7).
4, p. 124 physiological optics). That is, it is difficult to observe an image on the image display device mounted on the head at an angle larger than this. On the other hand, an image display device mounted on the head may have a horizontal angle of view of several degrees to several tens degrees. Therefore, in consideration of these, it is important that the angle formed between the observer's visual axis and the axial principal ray (optical axis) of the optical system satisfies the condition of Expression (9).

In the above, it is preferable that the condition of −25 ° <θ _h <25 ° (10) is satisfied. It is 30 ° left and right to maintain a stable gaze state by the smooth movement of eye movement
Is said to be 45 °. Therefore, if the angle of view of the image display device is taken into consideration, it is preferable to satisfy the range of Expression (10).

In this case, it is more preferable to satisfy the following condition: -15 ° <θ _h <15 ° (11) Naturally, humans can observe clearly as the observation object is closer to the visual axis, but in a range called an effective visual field, information search can be performed only by eye movement. The range is said to be within about 15 degrees horizontally. Therefore, when the setting condition of the optical axis is set in the range of Expression (11), the image near the optical axis is within the effective visual field, and a state in which observation is easy can be realized.

When the above-mentioned axial principal ray and the observer's visual axis when facing the front are displaced in the horizontal direction with respect to the observer, the image display device is mounted only on the observer's monocular. It is desirable that the center position of the screen to be observed be inside the observer's visual axis when facing the front. This image display apparatus corresponds to Examples 3 and 4 described later.

When the observer gazes at the periphery of the screen only by eye movements, the outside (ear side) is observed when the muscles around the eyeball such as the eyeball and extraocular muscles are easily fatigued, but the inside (nasal side) is observed. Observation tends to be less fatigued. Therefore, when the entire observation screen is located inside, even when observing the outside of the screen, the eye position does not need to be set so much outside, so that fatigue is hard to occur even if the entire screen is observed only by eye movement.

An image display device according to a second aspect of the present invention comprises a display element for displaying an image, an optical system for projecting light emitted from the display element to an observer's eyeball, and a display for displaying the image on the head or the observer. In an image display apparatus having a holding unit capable of being mounted on a face part, at least one of the display element and the optical system is movable or pivotable, and at least one of the display element and the optical system is movable or pivotable. The optical system has an effective area in which the light emitted from the display element can enter the observer's pupil even when moved.

This image display apparatus is described in Embodiments 5 to be described later.
8 corresponds. When the observer continuously looks at (gazes at) the entire screen only by eye movements, as described above, observing the characters and figures on the upper side or the outer side requires the eyeball and muscles around the eyeball to be observed. It is expected that fatigue may cause difficulty. In that case, if at least one of the display element and the optical system is movable, when the user is tired, the screen being viewed is moved in a direction in which the user is not tired, so that a comfortable use state can be achieved.

In addition, when it is difficult for the user to see the upper side of the screen for physical reasons, the image is displayed by displacing the positions of the display element and the optical system downward.
The observer can observe the upper part of the screen without turning his or her eyes so much when facing the front. Also,
Even when it is difficult to see the lower side, the inner side, and the outer side, the position of the display element and the optical system is displaced so that the screen position is set to the opposite side to the direction in which the observation is difficult, similarly to the method described above. Thus, observation can be performed relatively easily.

In any case, regardless of the position of the display element or the optical system, the effective area of the optical system is such that the light emitted from the display element can enter the observer's pupil. It is possible to clearly observe every corner.

In the second aspect of the present invention, the position of the observation screen can be displaced downward by moving or rotating at least one of the display element and the optical system. It is desirable that the optical system has an effective area where light emitted from the display element can enter the observer's pupil even when one of them moves or rotates.

This image display apparatus corresponds to the fifth and sixth embodiments described later. When the observer continuously looks at (gazes at) the entire screen only with eye movements, as described above, observing the characters, figures, and the like on the upper side is caused by fatigue of the eyeball and muscles around the eyeball. It is expected that it will be difficult. In this case, if at least one of the display element and the optical system is movable, the screen that is being observed when the user is tired can be moved downward, so that observation can be performed relatively without fatigue. In this case, regardless of the position of the display element or the optical system, it has an effective area of the optical system that allows the light emitted by the display element to enter the observer's pupil, enabling clear observation to every corner of the screen It is possible to do.

In the second aspect of the present invention, the position of the observation screen can be displaced inward by moving or rotating at least one of the display element and the optical system. It is desirable that the optical system has an effective area in which light emitted from the display element can enter the observer's pupil even when at least one of them moves or turns.

This image display apparatus corresponds to Embodiments 7 and 8 described later. When the observer continuously looks at (gazes at) the entire screen only by eye movements, as described above, observing characters and graphics on the outside is caused by fatigue of the eyes and muscles around the eyes. It is expected that it will be difficult. In this case, if at least one of the display element and the optical system is movable, the screen that is being observed when the user is tired can be moved inward, so that observation can be performed without relatively fatigue. In this case, regardless of the position of the display element or the optical system, it has an effective area of the optical system that allows the light emitted by the display element to enter the observer's pupil, so that every corner of the screen can be clearly observed. It is possible to do.

In the second aspect of the present invention, it is desirable that the image display device is mounted only on a single eye of an observer. The optical system mounted on the image display device is mounted only on the single eye of the observer, and when the observer observes the display element with only the single eye, the optical axis of the optical system mounted on the single eye and the observer's visual axis are shifted. With such settings, observation can be performed in a comfortable state. For example, by setting the optical axis of the optical system so as to be tilted downward, the observer can observe in an easy-to-see state even when observing for a long time, and the eyeball, muscles around the eyeball, and further the head and neck. In some cases, it is possible to suppress fatigue of the part and the shoulder.

According to the present invention, there is provided a display element for displaying an image, an optical system for projecting light emitted from the display element to an observer's eyeball, and holding means for mounting them on the observer's head or face. And moving or rotating at least one of the display element and the optical system depending on the use time, thereby displacing the position of the observation screen, and moving at least one of the display element and the optical system. Alternatively, even when rotated, the optical system includes an image display device having an effective area in which light emitted from the display element can enter the observer's pupil.

This image display apparatus is described in Examples 5 to 8 below.
Corresponds. When the observer views the entire screen for a long time only by eye movement, as described above, it is difficult to observe characters, graphics, and the like at the end or corner of the screen due to fatigue of the eyes and muscles around the eyes. It is expected that a case will occur. In that case, if at least one of the display element and the optical system is moved or rotated depending on the use time and the position of the observation screen is set to be displaced, the entire screen is observed only by eye movement for a long time. It is also possible to provide an image display device that does not easily cause fatigue.

Also, regardless of the position of the display element or the optical system, an effective area of the optical system is provided so that light emitted from the display element can enter the observer's pupil. Observation is possible.

When the position of the observation screen is displaced by moving or rotating at least one of the display element and the optical system according to the use time described above, at least one of the display element and the optical system is moved or rotated according to the use time. By rotating, the position of the observation screen can be displaced downward, and even when at least one of the display element and the optical system moves or rotates, the optical system can observe light emitted from the display element. It is desirable to have an effective area that can enter the pupil of the person.

This image display device corresponds to the fifth and sixth embodiments described later. When the observer looks at the entire screen for a long time using only eye movements, as described above, it may be difficult to observe characters, graphics, and the like on the upper side of the screen due to fatigue of the eyes and muscles around the eyes. Is expected. In that case,
If at least one of the display element and the optical system is moved or rotated depending on the time used, and the position of the observation screen is set to be displaced downward, even if the entire screen is observed only by eye movement for a long time. It is possible to provide an image display device that does not easily cause fatigue.

In addition, regardless of the position of the display element or the optical system, an effective area of the optical system in which light emitted from the display element can enter the observer's pupil is provided, so that every corner of the screen can be clearly seen. Observation is possible.

When the position of the observation screen is displaced by moving or rotating at least one of the display element and the optical system according to the use time, at least one of the display element and the optical system is changed according to the use time. The position of the observation screen can be displaced inward by moving or rotating, and at least one of the display element and the optical system can be displaced.
It is desirable that the optical system has an effective area in which light emitted from the display element can enter the observer's pupil even when one moves or turns.

This image display apparatus corresponds to Embodiments 7 and 8 described later. When the observer looks at the entire screen for a long time only by eye movement, as described above, it is difficult to observe characters, graphics, and the like outside (ear) side of the screen due to fatigue of the eyes and muscles around the eyes. It is expected that this will happen. In this case, if at least one of the display element and the optical system is moved or rotated depending on the use time, and the position of the observation screen is set to be displaced inward (nose), the entire screen can be viewed over a long period of time. It is possible to provide an image display device that is hardly fatigued even when observed only by exercise.

Further, regardless of the position of the display element or the optical system, the optical system has an effective area of the optical system in which light emitted from the display element can enter the observer's pupil. Observation is possible.

In the case where the position of the observation screen is displaced by moving or rotating at least one of the display element and the optical system according to the use time, the image display device is mounted only on the single eye of the observer. It is desirable. The optical system mounted on the image display device is mounted only on the single eye of the observer, and when the observer observes the display element with only the single eye, the optical axis of the optical system mounted on the single eye and the observer's visual axis are shifted. With such settings, observation can be performed in a comfortable state. For example, by setting the optical axis of the optical system so as to be tilted downward, the observer can observe in an easy-to-see state even when observing for a long time, and the eyeball, muscles around the eyeball, and further the head and neck. In some cases, it is possible to suppress fatigue of the part and the shoulder.

Further, the present invention provides a display element for displaying an image, an optical system for projecting light emitted from the display element to an observer's eyeball, and enabling them to be mounted on the head or face of the observer. In the image display device having the holding unit, the display element moves in a direction substantially perpendicular to an optical axis, or the display element rotates such that the optical axis rotates around an exit pupil of the optical system. And an image display device characterized in that the image display device can be moved.

This image display apparatus corresponds to a ninth embodiment described later. To move the screen being observed up and down or left and right, simply move the display element in a direction substantially perpendicular to the optical axis or move the optical axis so that it rotates around the exit pupil of the optical system. Thus, it can be set so that the optical axis of the optical system can be inclined with respect to the observer's visual axis.
In this case, it is necessary to have a sufficient effective area so that the light beam emitted from the moved or rotated display element can enter the observer's pupil.

When the above-mentioned display element moves or turns, it is desirable that the optical system can move or turn. As described above, simply moving the display element in a direction substantially perpendicular to the optical axis or moving the display element so that the optical axis is rotated around the exit pupil of the optical system is merely relative to the observer's visual axis. If the optical axis of the optical system cannot be tilted, it may be possible by moving or rotating the optical system.

When the display element moves or rotates, the optical system may have at least one reflecting surface. This image display apparatus corresponds to Example 9 described later. Since the optical path is bent by the optical system having at least one reflecting surface, the display element can be disposed, for example, above or to the side of the observer's head without disposing the display element immediately before the observer's eyeball. . Therefore, an apparatus that has a small amount of protrusion toward the front of the head and has a small and lightweight optical system and display element can be realized. It is particularly desirable when the display element or the optical system is provided with a mechanism for moving or rotating.

When the above-mentioned display element moves or rotates, the optical system mainly includes a first optical element for projecting an enlarged virtual image to an observer's eyeball, and an observer's pupil from the first optical element. And a second optical element that bends the optical axis that emits the light. This image display apparatus corresponds to Examples 10 to 12 described later. By adding another optical element (second optical element) in the optical path from the image display element to the observer's pupil, if the optical axis can be bent, the direction of the optical axis can be easily changed. Become.

In this case, the second optical element rotates,
The display element can move according to the rotation angle of the second optical element. This image display apparatus corresponds to Example 11 described later. When it is possible to change the tilt of the optical axis that emits the second optical element by rotating the second optical element, it is necessary to change the tilt and position of the display element with respect to the optical axis according to the tilt of the optical axis. Occurs.

In this case, the second optical element can move in a direction substantially perpendicular to the optical axis incident on the optical system, and the display element can move according to the amount of movement. This image display apparatus corresponds to Example 12 described later.
When the inclination of the optical axis from which the second optical element exits can be changed by moving the second optical element substantially perpendicular to the optical axis, the display element with respect to the optical axis of the display element is changed according to the inclination of the optical axis. It is necessary to change the tilt and the position.

[0064]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments 1 to 12 of an image display device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 to 8 show image display devices according to Examples 1 to 8, respectively. In each of the figures, 1 is an observer's eyeball, 2 is an optical axis, 3 is an optical system, 4 is a display element, 5 is a visual axis when the observer is facing front, 6 is an observer's nose, Reference numeral 7 denotes an observer's head, and reference numeral 8 denotes an observer pupil position.

However, in FIGS. 5 to 8, reference numerals 1 to 8 are the same as those in FIGS. 1 to 4, except that 2 'is an optical axis when moved or rotated, and 3' is moved or rotated. The optical system 4 'indicates a display element when it is moved or rotated.

Also, in order to make it easy to understand that the optical system and the display element are different from the normal configuration, in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the portion shown by the dotted line is the visual axis 5 when the observer is facing the front. And the optical axis 2 of the optical system are matched. 5 to 8, a dotted line indicates a state in which the observer's visual axis 5 and the optical axis 2 'of the optical system are not matched.

Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 shows Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This figure is a side view when an observer wears the image display device of the first invention of the present invention. As is clear from the figure, the optical system 3 and the display element 4 arranged coaxially are arranged so as to be rotated below the observer around the center of rotation of the eyeball 1 of the observer. When the observer observes the center of the screen, the eye position is set to the lower side, and the optical system 3 and the display element 4 facing upward are viewed from above. Therefore, even when looking at the upper end of the screen, it is possible to observe the eyeball without rotating the eyeball too much upward, so that fatigue of the eyeball or muscles around the eyeball can be reduced.

In this case, since the optical system 3 and the display element 4 are integrated and rotated around the center of rotation of the eyeball 1 of the observer, the optical system when the optical system 3 is disposed on the visual axis 5 (Dotted line).

[Embodiment 2] FIG. 2 shows Embodiment 2 of the present invention. This figure is a side view when an observer wears the image display device of the first invention of the present invention. As is apparent from the figure, the optical system 3 and the display element 4 arranged coaxially are arranged by being moved vertically downward to the visual axis 5. When the observer observes the center of the screen, he or she looks down at the eye position and looks at the display element 4 from above via the optical system 3 arranged on the lower side. Therefore, even when looking at the upper end of the screen, it is possible to observe the eyeball without rotating the eyeball too much upward, so that fatigue of the eyeball or muscles around the eyeball can be reduced.

In this case, since the optical system 3 and the display element 4 are integrally moved vertically downward with respect to the visual axis 5, the optical system 3 is disposed on the visual axis 5 (dotted line). May be the same as those described above, or may be a type to which a refractive optical element described later is added, or a special type in which an emission chief ray of an optical system is bent.

Third Embodiment FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. This figure is a top view when an observer wears the image display device of the first invention of the present invention. As is clear from the figure, the optical system 3 and the display element 4 arranged coaxially are arranged so that they are rotated inside the observer than the visual axis 5 around the center of rotation of the eyeball 1 of the observer. It is. When observing the center of the screen, the observer turns the eye position inside and looks at the optical system arranged inside. Therefore, even when looking at the outer edge of the screen, it is possible to observe the eyeball without rotating the eyeball too much, so that fatigue of the eyeball or muscles around the eyeball can be reduced.

In this case, since the optical system 3 and the display element 4 are integrally rotated around the center of rotation of the eyeball 1 of the observer, the optical system 3 is disposed on the visual axis 5. (Dotted line).

Fourth Embodiment FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention. This figure is a top view when an observer wears the image display device of the first invention of the present invention. As is clear from the figure, the optical system 3 and the display element 4 arranged coaxially are moved inward perpendicularly to the visual axis 5 and arranged. When the observer observes the center of the display screen, he or she looks at the optical system provided inside the observer's visual axis 5 with the eye position inward. Since it is possible to observe the image without rotating outward too much, it is possible to reduce the fatigue of the eyeballs or the muscles around the eyeballs when looking at the outside of the screen.

In this case, since the optical system 3 and the display element 4 are integrally moved to the inside perpendicular to the visual axis 5, the optical system 3
May be the same as the optical system (dotted line) when disposed on the visual axis 5, but may be a type to which a refracting optical element described later is added, or a special type in which the emission chief ray of the optical system is bent. You may.

[Fifth Embodiment] FIG. 5 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention. This figure is a side view when an observer wears the image display device of the second invention of the present invention. As is apparent from the figure, the optical system 3 and the display element 4 arranged coaxially can be rotated in the vertical direction of the observer around the center of rotation of the eyeball 1 of the observer. .

The observer can set the optical axis 2 in a desired direction. Therefore, since observation is performed in an easy-to-use state, fatigue can be suppressed. If it becomes difficult to observe the upper end portion after using for a long time, the optical system 3 ′ and the display element 4 ′ are arranged on the lower side as shown in the figure (dotted line), so The optical system 3 'and the display element 4' are viewed from above. Therefore, even when looking at the upper end of the screen, it is possible to observe the eyeball without rotating the eyeball too much upward, so that fatigue of the eyeball or muscles around the eyeball can be reduced.

In this case, since the optical system 3 and the display element 4 are integrally rotated around the center of rotation of the eyeball 1 of the observer, the optical system 3 is disposed on the visual axis 5. May be the same as

Further, in this embodiment, a device (not shown) for temporally controlling a driving device for moving the optical system 3 and the display element 4 is added, so that the optical system 3 and the time used by the observer are added. By rotating the display element 4 downward, fatigue can be reduced even when used for a long time.

[Embodiment 6] FIG. 6 shows a sixth embodiment of the present invention. This figure is a side view when an observer wears the image display device of the second invention of the present invention. As is clear from the figure, the display element 4 can be moved up and down perpendicular to the visual axis 5 of the observer.

The observer can set the optical axis 2 in a desired direction. Therefore, since observation is performed in an easy-to-use state, fatigue can be suppressed. If it becomes difficult to observe the upper end portion after using the optical system for a long time, the optical system 3 and the display element 4 ′ are disposed below (dotted line) as shown in FIG. And the display element 4 'is viewed from above. Therefore, even when looking at the upper end of the screen, it is possible to observe the eyeball without rotating the eyeball too much upward, so that fatigue of the eyeball or muscles around the eyeball can be reduced.

However, since the display element 4 is moved perpendicular to the visual axis 5, the optical system 3 has an effective area in which the light from the moved display element 4 'is not blocked by the optical system 3. is required.

Further, in this embodiment, a device (not shown) for temporally suppressing the driving device for moving the display element 4.
Is added, the display element 4 is moved downward with the time used by the observer, so that fatigue can be reduced even when used for a long time.

Seventh Embodiment FIG. 7 shows a seventh embodiment of the present invention. This figure is a top view when the image display device of the second invention of the present invention is mounted on the observer. As is clear from the figure, the optical system 3 and the display element 4 arranged coaxially can be rotated in the left-right direction of the observer around the center of rotation of the eyeball 1 of the observer.

The observer can set the optical axis 2 in a desired direction. Therefore, since observation is performed in an easy-to-use state, fatigue can be suppressed. If it becomes difficult to observe the outer end portion after using for a long time, the optical system 3 'and the display element 4' are disposed inside (dotted line) as shown in the figure, so that they face inward. Of the optical system 3 ′ and the display element 4 ′. Therefore, even when looking at the outer edge of the screen, it is possible to observe the eyeball without rotating the eyeball too much outward, thereby reducing fatigue of the eyeball or muscles around the eyeball.

In this case, since the optical system 3 and the display element 4 are integrally rotated around the center of rotation of the observer's eyeball 1, the optical system 3 is disposed on the visual axis 5. May be the same as

In this embodiment, a device (not shown) for temporally controlling a driving device for moving the optical system 3 and the display element 4 is added, so that the optical system 3 and the time used by the observer are added. By rotating the display element 4 inward, fatigue can be reduced even when used for a long time.

[Eighth Embodiment] FIG. 8 shows an eighth embodiment of the present invention. This figure is a top view when the image display device of the second invention of the present invention is mounted on the observer. As is clear from the figure, the display element 4 can be moved right and left perpendicular to the visual axis 5 of the observer.

The observer can set the optical axis 2 in a desired direction. Therefore, since observation is performed in an easy-to-use state, fatigue can be suppressed. If it becomes difficult to observe the upper end portion after using the optical system 3 for a long time, the optical system 3 and the display element 4 'can be arranged by disposing the display element 4' inside (dotted line) as shown in the figure. Will be seen inside. Therefore, even when looking at the outer edge of the screen, it is possible to observe the eyeball without rotating the eyeball too much outward, thereby reducing fatigue of the eyeball or muscles around the eyeball.

However, since the display element 4 is moved perpendicular to the visual axis 5, there is an effective area in which the light flux from the moved display element 4 ′, in particular, the peripheral rays are not blocked by the optical system 3. It is necessary to do.

Further, in this embodiment, a device (not shown) for temporally controlling a driving device for moving the display element 4.
Is added, the display element 4 is moved inward together with the time used by the observer, so that fatigue can be reduced even when used for a long time.

[Embodiment 9] FIG. 9 shows a ninth embodiment of the present invention. The optical system 3 has three surfaces 11, 1 eccentric with respect to the optical axis 2.
The space formed by 2 and 13 has a refractive index of 1.5163.
And a reflection type optical element.

The image of the display element 4 is enlarged and projected as a virtual image on the observer's eyeball 1 by the prism 3.
In addition, the display element 4 is set to be displaced above the observer's eyeball 1 by the eccentric reflecting surface 12.

The light rays and the display element 4 in the normal setting, that is, when the visual axis of the observer and the optical axis 2 of the optical system are set to coincide, are indicated by solid lines. In addition, a light ray when the optical axis 2 'is inclined downward and the display element 4' are indicated by dotted lines. As is clear from FIG. 9, it is possible to change the inclination of the optical axis 2 ′ just by moving the position of the display element 4 to the position 4 ′.

In the case of a solid line in which the visual axis of the observer and the optical axis 2 of the optical system coincide with each other, the display element 4 is 23.830 mm in the Z direction, 36.449 mm in the Y direction, clockwise from the pupil position 8. When the display element 4 is moved to a position 4 'indicated by a dotted line, the display element 4' is 22.407 mm in the Z direction from the pupil position 8 and 32.407 mm in the Y direction. It is arranged 770 mm, clockwise inclined at 16.17 °, and can be observed with the optical axis inclined at 5 ° downward.

The optical system which can provide such an effect is not limited to the present embodiment, but can be achieved by using an optical system using at least one decentered reflecting surface. Further, even in a refractive optical element such as a lens without using a reflective surface as an optical system, it is possible to obtain an effect of tilting the optical axis by moving the display element.

Further, it is needless to say that the same effect can be obtained by using any surface such as a spherical surface, an aspherical surface, an anamorphic surface and a free-form surface as the surface of the optical system. The configuration parameters in the case of the solid line set in such a manner that the visual axis of the observer coincides with the optical axis 2 of the optical system in this embodiment will be described later.

[Embodiment 10] FIGS. 10A and 10B show Embodiment 10 of the present invention. In the figure, reference numerals 1 to 5 are the same as those in FIGS. 1 to 8. As the optical system 3, a first optical element 14, which is an optical system for projecting an image of the display element 4 as a virtual image on the observer's eyeball 1 by enlarging the image, is configured by a single lens. The second optical element 15 is configured to be insertable between the exit surface of the first optical element 14 and the observer's eyeball 1. When inserted, the axial chief ray emitted from the first optical element 14 Has the effect of bending light rays containing

FIG. 10A shows a normal setting, that is, a case where the visual axis 5 of the observer is set to coincide with the optical axis 2 of the optical system.
Shown in In this state, the second optical element 15 does not exist in the optical path.

FIG. 10B shows an optical path diagram when the optical axis 2 'is inclined downward. In the optical path between the first optical system 11 and the observer's eyeball 1, a second optical element 15 which is a wedge-shaped prism having a vertical angle of 20 ° is provided, and the display element 4 is moved from the state of FIG. 2.539mm in the direction, -0.498mm in the Z direction
By moving the optical axis, the optical axis can be inclined downward by 5 ° for observation.

The type of the first optical element 14 is a loupe type using a refractive lens, a Fresnel lens, or the like, a reflecting surface,
It goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained with any type such as a type using a semi-transmissive surface.

The second optical element 15 is a refractive optical element formed of a medium having a refractive index of 1.4 or more, such as glass or plastic, and has a plane, a spherical surface, an anamorphic surface, and a free surface. Similar effects can be obtained even with a curved surface such as a curved surface as long as it has a function of refracting the optical axis.

In this embodiment, the structural parameters when the observer's visual axis 5 and the optical axis 2 of the optical system are set to coincide with each other and when the wedge prism 12 is inserted are respectively set to the tenth embodiment.
(A) and Example 10 (b) will be described later.

[Embodiment 11] FIG. 11 shows Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
1 is shown. As a configuration of the optical system 3, the first optical element 14, which is a main optical system for projecting an image of the display element 4 as a virtual image on the observer's eyeball 1 by enlarging and projecting the same, is a single lens, and the exit surface of the first optical element 14. The second optical element 15 disposed between the first optical element 14 and the observer's eyeball 1 and having a function of bending the light beam including the axial principal ray emitted from the first optical element 14 is a wedge-shaped prism.

FIG. 11A shows a normal setting, that is, a case where the visual axis 5 of the observer and the optical axis 2 of the optical system are set to coincide with each other.
Shown in The second optical element 15 is a wedge-shaped prism having an apex angle of 25 °, and is disposed with the observer's side face tilted 12.55 ° counterclockwise with respect to the optical axis 2. The display element 4
Are arranged at 64.714 mm in the Z direction, 9.747 mm in the Y direction, and 13.30 ° counterclockwise from the pupil position 8.

An optical path diagram when the optical axis is tilted downward is shown in FIG.
(B). The second optical element 15 is arranged to be tilted 5.17 ° counterclockwise with respect to the optical axis 2 (rotated 7.38 ° clockwise from the state of FIG. 11A), and the display element 4 is provided.
Is to observe by tilting the optical axis 5 ° downward by deploying 65.18mm in the Z direction, 7.50mm in the Y direction, and 13.15 ° counterclockwise from the pupil position 8. Becomes possible.

An optical path diagram when the optical axis is inclined upward is shown in FIG.
It is shown in (c). The second optical element 15 is disposed so as to be tilted 17.24 ° counterclockwise with respect to the optical axis (rotated 4.69 ° counterclockwise from the state of FIG. 11A), and the display element 4 is provided. By arranging the pupil position 8 at an angle of 64.17 mm in the Z direction, 12.05 mm in the Y direction, and 13.8 ° counterclockwise, the optical axis can be inclined upward by 5 ° for observation. It becomes possible.

The type of the first optical element 14 is a loupe type using a refractive lens, a Fresnel lens or the like, a reflecting surface,
It goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained with any type such as a type using a semi-transmissive surface.

The second optical element 15 is a refractive optical element formed of a medium having a refractive index of 1.4 or more, such as glass or plastic, and has a flat surface, a spherical surface, an anamorphic surface, and a free surface. Similar effects can be obtained even with a curved surface such as a curved surface as long as it has a function of bending the optical axis. Further, as the second optical element 15, it is possible to use a vari-angle prism or the like in which the apex angle of the prism is variable. In this case, since the bending direction of the optical path is changed by changing the shape of the element itself, instead of rotating and moving the second optical element 15, the entire apparatus can be made compact.

The configuration parameters of this embodiment when the visual axis 5 of the observer and the optical axis 2 of the optical system are set to coincide with each other will be described later.

[Embodiment 12] FIGS. 12A and 12B show Embodiment 12 of the present invention. As a configuration of the optical system 3, the first optical element 14, which is a main optical system for enlarging and projecting the image of the display element 4 as a virtual image on the observer's eyeball 1, is a single lens. The second optical element 15 arranged between the observer's eyeballs 1 and having a function of bending the light beam including the axial principal ray emitted from the first optical element 14 is a concave lens.

FIG. 12A shows a normal setting, that is, a case where the visual axis 5 of the observer is set to coincide with the optical axis 2 of the optical system.
Shown in The second optical element 15 is a concave lens, and is provided on the optical axis 2. The display element 4 is also provided on the optical axis 2.

FIG. 12 is an optical path diagram when the optical axis is inclined downward.
(B). The second optical element 15 translates downward by 6 mm with respect to the optical axis 2, and rotates the display element 4 by 0.286 mm in the Y direction and 7.37 ° clockwise from the state of FIG. Observation can be performed with the optical axis 2 ′ tilted 6 ° downward.

The type of the first optical element 14 is a loupe type using a refractive lens, a Fresnel lens, or the like, a reflecting surface,
It goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained with any type such as a type using a semi-transmissive surface.

The second optical element 15 is a refractive optical element formed of a medium having a refractive index of 1.4 or more, such as glass or plastic, and has a plane, a spherical surface, an anamorphic surface, and a free surface. Similar effects can be obtained even with a curved surface such as a curved surface as long as it has a function of bending the optical axis.

The configuration parameters of this embodiment in the case where the visual axis 5 of the observer and the optical axis 2 of the optical system are set to be coincident will be described later.

In the following, the constituent parameters of the ninth to twelfth embodiments are shown. In the constituent parameters of these embodiments, the surface numbers are indicated as the surface numbers of the backward ray tracing from the pupil position 8 of the observer to the display element 4. is there. The coordinates are taken in such a manner that the observer's pupil position 8 is the origin, the observer's visual axis 5 is the Z axis whose direction from the origin toward the optical system 3 is positive, and the observer's eyeball is orthogonal to the Z axis. 1, the Y axis, which is positive from bottom to top in the vertical direction, is orthogonal to the observer's visual axis 5,
From the right to the left in the left-right direction when viewed from above. In other words, the inside of the paper of FIG. 9 to FIG.
And a plane perpendicular to the plane of the drawing is an XZ plane. Also,
The optical axis is bent in the YZ plane of the drawing.

In the configuration parameters to be described later, the eccentric amounts Y and Z and the inclination angle θ are described on the plane Y (the pupil position 8) from the reference plane 1 (pupil position 8). It means the amount of eccentricity in the axial direction and the Z-axis direction, and the angle of inclination of the center axis of the surface from the Z-axis. In this case, θ being positive means counterclockwise.

In each surface, the non-rotationally symmetric aspherical shape is represented by R _x and R _y on the coordinates defining the surface, respectively, the paraxial radius of curvature in the XZ plane (paper plane), and Y− The paraxial radius of curvature in the Z plane, K _x , and K _y are the XZ plane and YZ, respectively.
The in-plane conic coefficients, AR and BR are rotationally symmetric 4
Assuming that the next-order and sixth-order aspherical coefficients, AP and BP are asymmetric fourth-order and sixth-order aspherical coefficients, respectively, the aspherical surface equation is as follows.

Z = [(X ² / R _x ) + (Y ² / R _y )]
/ [1+ ｛1- (1 + K _x ) (X ² / R _x ² ) − (1+
^{_{K y) (Y 2 / R}} y 2)} 1/2] + AR [(1-AP)
^{X 2 + (1 + AP)} Y 2] 2 + BR [(1-BP) X 2
+ (1 + BP) Y ² ] ³ ··· In each surface, the rotationally symmetric aspherical shape is expressed by the following equation. ^{Z = (h 2 / R)} / [1+ {1- (1 + K) (h 2 / R
^{2)} 1/2] + Ah 4} + Bh 6 + Ch 8 + Dh 10 ···
Where R is the paraxial radius of curvature, K is the conic coefficient, A, B,
C and D are fourth, sixth, eighth and tenth order aspherical coefficients, respectively, and h is h ² = X ² + Y ² .

The surface spacing refers to the distance between the top of the surface and the top of the next surface in the direction along the central axis of the surface. The refractive index of the medium between the surfaces is represented by the refractive index of the d-line. The unit of the length is mm.

Next, the configuration parameters of the ninth to twelfth embodiments will be described. EXAMPLE 9 Face Number of curvature radius interval refractive index Abbe number (eccentricity) (inclination angle) 1 ∞ _{(pupil) 2 R y 578.353 1.5163 64.15 R} x 86.341 Y -5.426 θ 13.96 ° K y 0.0000 Z 31.32 K x -0.6959 AR ^{2.6832 × 10 -6 BR -7.5844 × 10} -10 AP 7.3925 × 10 -2 BP 5.9860 × 10 -2 3 R y -134.439 1.5163 64.15 R x -122.104 Y 15.000 θ -16.64 ° K y -3.0232 Z 63.00 K x - ^{10.4786 AR -2.9847 × 10 -11 BR -1.4359} × 10 -11 AP 2.2371 × 10 1 BP 2.2959 × 10 -1 4 R y -97.390 Y 44.267 θ -30.00 ° R x -43.208 Z 67.40 K y 1.5268 K x 0.9552 AR -2.1458 × 10 ^-6 BR 1.9130 × 10 ^-9 AP 5.1410 × 10 ^-1 BP -5.7173 × 10 ^-25 ∞ (display element) Y 36.449 θ -21.37 ° Z 23.830.

Example 10 (a) Surface number Curvature radius Interval Refractive index Abbe number (Eccentricity) (Tilt angle) 1１ (Pupil) 33.000 2 22.454 7.452 1.49241 57.66 K 0.0000 A -2.3469 × 10 ^-5 B 2.8796 × 10 ^-8 C -3.4043 × 10 ^-10 D 1.1847 × 10 ^-12 3 -30.508 K 0.0000 A 6.2763 × 10 ^-6 B 2.5506 × 10 ^-8 C -3.9109 × 10 ^-10 D 1.5790 × 10 ^-12 4 ∞ (Display element ) Y 0.000 θ 0.00 ° Z 64.140.

Example 10 (b) Surface Number Curvature Radius Interval Refractive Index Abbe Number (Eccentricity) (Tilt Angle) 1 ∞ (pupil) 20.000 2 ∞ 5.000 1.5163 64.15 θ 5.70 ° 3 ∞ θ -14.30 ° 4 22.454 7.452 1.49241 57.66 Y 0.000 θ 0.00 ° K 0.0000 Z 33.000 A -2.3469 × 10 ^-5 B 2.8796 × 10 ^-8 C -3.4043 × 10 ^-10 D 1.1847 × 10 ^-12 5 -30.508 K 0.0000 A 6.2763 × 10 ^-6 B 2.5506 × 10 ^-8 C -3.9109 × 10 ^-10 D 1.5790 × 10 ^-12 6 ∞ (Display element) Y 2.539 θ 0.00 ° Z 63.642.

Example 11 Surface Number Curvature Radius Interval Refractive Index Abbe Number (Eccentricity) (Tilt Angle) 1 ∞ (pupil) 20.000 2 ∞ 4.500 1.5163 64.15 θ 12.55 ° 3 ∞ θ -12.45 ° 4 23.454 10.528 1.49241 57.66 K 0.0000 Y 2.140 θ 13.46 ° A -6.4208 × 10 ^-5 Z 33.000 B 1.6238 × 10 ^-7 C -1.6859 × 10 ^-10 D 1.7176 × 10 ^-13 5 -25.761 θ 13.46 ° K 0.0000 A -2.8589 × 10 ^-5 B 7.2287 × 10 ^-8 C 3.7722 × 10 ^-10 D -5.7947 × 10 ^-13 6 ∞ (Display element) Y 9.747 θ 13.30 ° Z 64.714.

Example 12 Surface Number Curvature Radius Interval Refractive Index Abbe Number (Eccentricity) (Tilt Angle) 1 ∞ (pupil) 18.000 2 -80.000 2.000 1.5163 64.15 3 40.000 4.000 4 17.322 6.646 1.49241 57.66 K 0.0000 A -6.4746 × 10 ^-5 B 9.1697 × 10 ^-8 C 2.3442 × 10 ^-10 D -1.4795 × 10 ^-12 5 -21.039 28.228 K 0.0000 A 1.6233 × 10 ^-5 B -1.6340 × 10 ^-7 C 2.3572 × 10 ^-9 D -4.7558 × 10 ^-12 6 ∞ (display element).

The above-described image display device of the present invention can be configured, for example, as follows.

[1] A display element for displaying an image, an optical system for projecting light emitted from the display element to an observer's eyeball, and holding means for mounting them on the observer's head or face In the image display device having, the image display device is mounted only on the monocular of the observer, the light emitted from the center of the screen of the display element and the axial principal ray reaching the observer pupil center via the optical system and An image display device, wherein an observer's visual axis when facing the front does not match.

[2] A display element for displaying an image, an optical system for projecting light emitted from the display element to an observer's eyeball, and holding means for mounting them on the observer's head or face In the image display device having the above, the light emitted from the center of the screen of the display element is observed along the axial principal ray reaching the center of the observer pupil via the optical system, and the observer's visual axis when facing the front. An image display device characterized in that the image display device is vertically displaced from a user.

[3] A display element for displaying an image, an optical system for projecting light emitted from the display element to an observer's eyeball, and holding means for mounting them on the observer's head or face Wherein the center position of the screen to be observed is lower than the observer's visual axis when facing the front.

[4] A light beam emitted from the center of the screen of the display element and reaching the center of the observer's pupil via the optical system is defined as an axial principal ray, and the observer's view in a direction perpendicular to the observer. The image display device according to the above-mentioned [3], wherein a condition of −30 ° <θ _v <0 ° is satisfied when an angle between an axis and the axial principal ray is θ _v. .

[0131] [5] when the said observer's visual axis and the angle of the axial principal ray theta _v in the vertical direction with respect to the _{observer, -20 ° <θ v <0} ° ··· (7) The image display device according to the above [4], which satisfies the following condition:

[0132] [6] When the said observer's visual axis and the angle of the axial principal ray theta _v in the vertical direction with respect to the _{observer, -10 ° <θ v <0} ° ··· (8) The image display device according to the above [5], which satisfies the following condition:

[7] The image display device according to any one of [3] to [6], wherein the image display device is mounted only on a single eye of an observer.

[8] A display element for displaying an image, an optical system for projecting light emitted from the display element to an observer's eyeball, and holding means for attaching them to the observer's head or face In the image display device having, the image display device is mounted only on the monocular of the observer, the light emitted from the center of the screen of the display element and the axial chief ray reaching the observer pupil center via the optical system An image display device wherein an observer's visual axis when facing the front is shifted in a horizontal direction with respect to the observer.

[0135]

[9] when said observer's visual axis and the angle of the axial principal ray theta _h in the horizontal direction to the observer, the _{-40 ° <θ h <40 °} ··· (9) Conditions The image display device according to the above [8], wherein the image display device is satisfied.

[10] When the angle between the observer's visual axis and the axial principal ray in the horizontal direction with respect to the observer is θ _h , -25 ° <θ _h <25 ° (10) Characterized by satisfying the condition of

[9] The image display device according to the above.

[0137] [11] When the angle of the axial principal ray and the observer's visual axis in the horizontal direction to the viewer and _{θ h, -15 ° <θ h} <15 ° ··· (11) The image display device according to the above [10], which satisfies the following condition:

[12] The above-mentioned [8], wherein the image display device is attached only to the monocular of the observer, and the center position of the screen to be observed is inside the observer's visual axis when facing the front. The image display device according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

[13] A display element for displaying an image, an optical system for projecting light emitted from the display element to an observer's eyeball, and holding means for mounting them on the observer's head or face Wherein at least one of the display element and the optical system is movable or pivotable, and even when at least one of the display element and the optical system is moved or pivoted, the optical system is An image display device having an effective area in which light emitted from the display element can enter an observer pupil.

[14] By moving or rotating at least one of the display element and the optical system, the position of the observation screen can be displaced downward, and at least one of the display element and the optical system can be displaced. The image display device according to the above [13], wherein the optical system has an effective area in which light emitted from the display element can enter the observer pupil even when one is moved or rotated.

[15] By moving or rotating at least one of the display element and the optical system, the position of the observation screen can be displaced inward, and at least one of the display element and the optical system can be displaced. The image according to (13) or (14), wherein the optical system has an effective area in which light emitted from the display element can enter the observer's pupil even when one is moved or rotated. Display device.

[16] The image display device according to any one of [13] to [15], wherein the image display device is mounted only on a single eye of an observer.

[17] A display element for displaying an image, an optical system for projecting light emitted from the display element to an observer's eyeball, and holding means for attaching them to the observer's head or face In the image display device having, the position of the observation screen is displaced by moving or rotating at least one of the display element and the optical system depending on the usage time, and at least one of the display element and the optical system is moved or The image display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the optical system has an effective area in which light emitted from the display element can enter an observer's pupil even when rotated.

[18] The position of the observation screen can be displaced downward by moving or rotating at least one of the display element and the optical system depending on the use time. The image according to [17], wherein even when at least one of the systems moves or rotates, the optical system has an effective area in which light emitted from the display element can enter an observer's pupil. Display device.

[19] The position of the observation screen can be displaced inward by moving or rotating at least one of the display element and the optical system depending on the use time. The above-mentioned [17] or [1], wherein even when at least one of the systems moves or rotates, the optical system has an effective area in which light emitted from the display element can enter the observer pupil.
8] The image display device according to the above.

[20] The image display device according to any one of [17] to [19], wherein the image display device is mounted only on a single eye of an observer.

[21] A display element for displaying an image, an optical system for projecting light emitted from the display element onto an observer's eyeball, and holding means for mounting them on the observer's head or face Wherein the display element moves in a direction substantially perpendicular to the optical axis, or the display element moves so that the optical axis rotates around the vicinity of the exit pupil of the optical system. An image display device, which is capable of performing the following.

[22] The image display apparatus as described in [21], wherein the optical system is movable or rotatable.

[23] The above-mentioned [21] or [2], wherein the optical system has at least one reflecting surface.
2) The image display device described in the above.

[24] The optical system mainly includes a first optical element for projecting an enlarged virtual image to an observer's eyeball;
Second bending of the optical axis exiting from the optical element to the observer pupil
The image display device according to any one of the above [21] to [23], comprising an optical element.

[25] The image display apparatus according to the above [24], wherein the second optical element rotates and the display element moves according to the rotation angle of the second optical element.

[26] The above [24], wherein the second optical element moves in a direction substantially perpendicular to the optical axis incident on the optical system, and the display element moves according to the amount of movement. The image display device as described in the above.

[0153]

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an image display device which makes it easy to observe the edges and corners of the observation screen and does not easily get tired even after long-time observation. it can.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view when an observer wears an image display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view when an image display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention is worn by an observer.

FIG. 3 is a top view when an image display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention is worn by an observer.

FIG. 4 is a top view when an observer wears the image display device of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view when an image display device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention is worn by an observer.

FIG. 6 is a side view when an image display device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention is worn by an observer.

FIG. 7 is a top view when an image display device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention is worn by an observer.

FIG. 8 is a top view when an observer wears the image display device according to Example 8 of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an optical path diagram of an image display device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an optical path diagram of an image display device according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an optical path diagram of an image display device according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an optical path diagram of an image display device according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Observer's eyeball 2 ... Optical axis 3 ... Optical system 4 ... Display element 5 ... Visual axis when the observer faces front 6 ... Observer's nose 7 ... Observer's head 8 ... Observer's pupil position 2 '... optical axis when moved or rotated 3' ... optical system when moved or rotated 4 '... display element when moved or rotated 11 ... optical surface 12 ... optical surface (reflection surface) 13 ... optical Surface 14: first optical element 15: second optical element

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A display element for displaying an image, an optical system for projecting light emitted from the display element to an observer's eyeball, and a holding means for attaching them to a head or a face of the observer. In the image display device having, the image display device is mounted only on the monocular of the observer, light emitted from the center of the screen of the display element, the axial principal ray reaching the observer pupil center via the optical system, An image display device, wherein an observer's visual axis when facing the front does not match. 2. A display element for displaying an image, an optical system for projecting light emitted from the display element onto an observer's eyeball, and holding means for mounting them on the observer's head or face. In the image display device, the light emitted from the center of the screen of the display element reaches the center of the observer's pupil via the optical system, and the observer's visual axis when facing the front is the observer's visual axis. An image display device characterized in that the image display device is vertically displaced from the image display device. 3. A display element for displaying an image, an optical system for projecting light emitted from the display element to an observer's eyeball, and holding means for attaching them to the observer's head or face. An image display device comprising: an image display device, wherein a center position of a screen to be observed is lower than an observer's visual axis when facing the front.