JPH10105161A - Musical instrument with film and its production method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the percussion instrument having a good acoustic effect or a resonating musical instrument by utilizing a vulcanized fiber sheet as a film. SOLUTION: A frame section 10 of a drum is made of spirally wound mutilayer paper pipes. Then, a vulcanized fiber sheet 11 is moistened by water and water is drained. The sheet 11, which is cut to the size that is wider than the section 10, is put on the opening surface of the section 10 and a portion of the sheet 11 is folded back to the frame side. Drum rivets 12 are nailed in by a hammer 13 and the entire sheet 11 is fixed to the section 10. The excess parts of the sheet 11 are cut by a pair of scissors 14, a fastening band 15 is mounted and the sheet 11 is firmly fixed. Then, the sheet 11 is naturally dried or is dried by heating. It is preferable to make the thickness of the sheet 11 to be approximately 0.15 to 1.5mm. For the vulcanized fiber, it is preferable to use a raw material sheet based on selected cotton fibers.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a percussion instrument such as a drum or a drum, a tambourine, a timpani or the like or a percussion instrument such as a shamisen which is provided with a membrane such as an animal skin at a sound resonance portion. Alternatively, stringed musical instruments and the like are collectively referred to as filmed musical instruments in the present invention.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A membrane percussion instrument as described above or a musical instrument which promotes sound resonance by a membrane is generally provided with a skin of a terrestrial animal such as a cow, a sheep, a horse, etc., on an opening surface of a torso as a resonator. On the other hand, in the case of shamisen, animal skins of cats, snakes, dogs and the like are often used by sticking them to the trunk.

As is well known, the above-mentioned membrane percussion instrument or instrument with a membrane has a mechanism for maintaining the tension of the membrane necessary for producing sound and a function of characterizing vibration of the membrane as a sound unique to the instrument. As described above, animal skin is used as the film, while the body is often made of a metal plate or the like. In addition, animal skins are becoming increasingly difficult to obtain, and from the viewpoint of nature protection, the appearance of a film-like body that replaces animal skin has been required.Recently, synthetic resin films have also been used. However, their satisfaction as a sound resonator is not very high.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Here, the present invention is intended to determine whether a membrane having a performance comparable to that of a conventional animal skin can be provided by a relatively inexpensive material other than synthetic resin. As a result of diligent research, a percussion instrument or a resonance instrument having a high acoustic effect has been successfully obtained by using a vulcanized fiber sheet as a film.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The basic mode for carrying out the present invention includes a film necessary for producing a sound, a mechanism for maintaining the tension of the film, and a function for characterizing vibration of the film as a sound peculiar to the musical instrument. It is composed of a torso portion having any shape, and the material of the torso portion itself may be any material, and any material may be used as long as it is a rigid body.

[0007] When a paper tube is used as the body,
The following advantages are exhibited as compared with the conventional wooden body and the like. That is, the conventional wooden body is expensive as well as its uniformity affects the tone. On the other hand, when the instrument itself becomes unusable, the plastic body poses a problem in terms of disposal. In that respect, the paper tube is formed by laminating paper and formed into a tube, so that it has relatively excellent uniformity and is advantageous in cost. In addition, incineration can be performed at the time of disposal. Further, the acoustic effect can be improved by coating or impregnating a resin such as an acrylic resin on the inner surface or both the inner and outer surfaces of the paper tube as in the case of the wooden body, or by laminating a thin polyethylene film or the like.

The thickness of the vulcanized fiber is 0.1
The thickness is preferably about 5 to 1.5 mm, and the higher the thickness, the higher the sound range. The planar form of the membrane is arbitrary, such as an ellipse, a square, a polygon, or the like, but it is generally allowed to be a circle that is advantageous for the tension of the membrane.

[0009] By the way, the body part is firstly to maintain the tension of the membrane, and secondly, is to form a cavity inside to make sound sound. The shape of the torso, such as a compound conical shape with joined surfaces, is arbitrary.

[0010]

FIG. 1a shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a Japanese drum. Reference numeral 1 denotes a wooden body, 2 denotes a membrane, and in this case, a vulcanized fiber sheet having a thickness of 0.5 mm. Was used. Reference numeral 3 denotes a fixing bracket 4 for holding the membrane 2 in a tensioned state, and a hanging bracket for carrying. FIG. 1B shows an example in which a paper tube is used for the body 3 and has a thickness of 15 mm.
Although the cylindrical Bobuchi paper tube 1a was used, a general paper tube may be used, and other shapes such as a square shape and an oval shape other than a round shape may be used. The member indicated by reference numeral 5 in FIG. 1B is a tightening band for adjusting the peripheral edge of the stretched film-like body.

FIG. 2A shows a percussion in which a vulcanized fiber sheet is stretched on the hitting surface 6, and FIG.
Indicates a tambourine in which the hitting surface 7 is the same sheet as described above. FIG. 3 shows a shamisen in which an opening surface of a wooden square frame body 8 is covered with a vulcanized fiber sheet 9. It goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to percussion instruments such as timpani in addition to the illustrated musical instruments.

A method of manufacturing a drum, which is a percussion instrument, will be described as an example with reference to FIGS. First, a spirally wound multi-layer paper tube 10 (diameter 50 cm, height 40 cm) having a thickness of 15 mm is used for the drum body, but it is preferable to apply a blank paper or the like to the body surface to apply makeup. Is good. On the other hand, rice tsubo 560g / m ² (thickness 0.5m
m) Vulcanized fiber is prepared, and it is about 30 to 60 before the fiber is stretched over the opening of the body.
Immerse in water or apply water for about 3 minutes
Let stand for about 0 minutes to wet the fiber sheet.
Next, the fiber 11 which has been drained and cut so as to be wider than the body 10 is placed on the opening surface of the body 10, a part of the sheet is folded back to the body side, and the drum stud 12, which is a fixing bracket, is hammered 13. Use such as to hit. afterwards,
While pulling the opposite side, another drum stud is hit on that part to fix the whole sheet to the trunk. That is,
According to the order indicated by the symbols in FIG. 2B, the sheet is fixed around the body 10 while being pulled in the radial direction.

When the drum tack is finished, an excess portion of the fiber sheet is cut off with scissors 14, and a tightening band 15 is attached thereon as necessary to firmly fix the sheet. After that, when the sheet is air-dried or heat-dried (drying time: 24 hours at room temperature),
The fiber sheet stretched over the opening surface of the trunk also gradually becomes tense with the drying even at a part where the fiber sheet is partially loosened, and when the drying is completed, the hitting surface becomes uniformly tense.

As is well known, there are two types of vulcanized fiber, one containing cotton fiber as a main component and the other containing wood pulp as a main component. In the present invention, paper is formed based on a carefully selected cotton fiber. It is preferable to use a raw material sheet. Using the raw material sheet as described above, laminated to an arbitrary thickness utilizing the swelling and swelling action of the concentrated zinc chloride solution, then, after sufficiently removing the zinc chloride by a water washing process, drying and molding. Because it is manufactured, it is a natural organic fibrous material that is chemically neutral and has a dense structure, and has excellent impact resistance, abrasion resistance, etc., and also has suitability for mechanical processing. However, on the other hand, it has high hygroscopicity, on which the expansion and contraction rate with respect to environmental conditions, especially humidity changes, shows a remarkably high value when compared with other fibrous sheets.

That is, as a similar fibrous sheet other than the vulcanized fiber, parchment paper (having a thickness of 0.1 mm) is used.
18mm), Kraft paper for packaging (0.125mm thickness)
And grape sack paper (thickness 0.08 mm) were selected, and the tensile strength and tear strength of each material were measured at normal conditions (23 ° C., 50% RH) and when wet (immersed in water for 1 hour). The measurement of the degree of expansion and contraction by humidification and drying was also performed, and it was clarified that the present invention has technical significance in using the vulcanized fiber as a film-like body of a musical instrument with a film.

Incidentally, parchment paper is also classified as a fibrous sheet of the same kind as vulcanized fiber, but since it reacts instantaneously with sulfuric acid, it is difficult to laminate material sheets, and it is only about 0.15 mm. Only thick ones can be manufactured, and therefore no practically usable membranes for percussion instruments and the like can be obtained. Further, as can be seen from Table 3 below and FIGS. 5 to 6, the vulcanized fiber has a larger expansion / contraction ratio than other material sheets. After that, a taut state of tension can be easily obtained, which is also advantageous in that respect.

The tensile strength and tear strength of each material sheet were converted to a thickness of 0.5 mm, and the results of comparison with a vulcanized fiber sheet (abbreviated as VF in the following table) were obtained.
The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2, and Table 3 shows the measurement results of the degree of stretching. 5 and 6 are graphs showing the results of the measurement of the degree of expansion and contraction.

[0018]

[Table 1]

[0019]

[Table 2]

[0020]

[Table 3]

[0021]

As is clear from the above measurement results,
Vulcanized fiber has a significantly higher tensile strength in both normal and wet conditions than other fibrous sheets. Therefore, it can be sufficiently used as a percussion surface film surface in percussion instruments. Practical, especially
It turned out that it can withstand the impact when the hitting surface is hit with a bee or the like. In other words, the fiber exhibits high values of both tensile and tear strength even when wet, and has sufficient strength to withstand the impact of a struck bar even after drying, so it is used for the membrane surface of musical instruments with a membrane. It has excellent effect.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a perspective view when the present invention is applied to a Japanese drum, and FIG. 1B is a longitudinal sectional view when a paper tube is used for a trunk.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2B is a perspective view showing tambourine.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view when the present invention is applied to a shamisen.

FIGS. 4A to 4E are explanatory views showing a procedure for manufacturing a drum using a body made of a paper tube.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the degree of expansion and contraction of a sheet in which the environmental conditions are shown on the horizontal axis and the expansion and contraction rates are on the vertical axis.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the degree of expansion and contraction of a sheet in the horizontal direction, similarly to the above.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, (1a), 10 Body 1a Paper tube 2,11 Vulcanized fiber membrane 3,12 Drum tack 4 Hanging bracket 5,15 Tightening band 6 Percussion hitting surface 7 Tambourine hitting surface 8 Shamisen body 9 Shamisen membrane surface

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] November 21, 1996

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0005

[Correction method] Added

[Correction contents]

[0005]

That is, the present invention has an internal
And a body for forming a cavity in the body.
At least one open end made of vulcanized fiber
A musical instrument with a membrane by stretching a membrane
It is. When manufacturing this instrument, open both sides.
Mouth-shaped torso or single-sided torso opening
The vulcanized fiber membrane in
And then radially tension the periphery,
While maintaining the state, the film-like body is clamped by the stopper.
After fixing around the part, it may be dried.
In addition, a paper tube can be used as the body.

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0012

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0012] willing, on the basis of FIG. 4 (I) ~ (V) , will be described drum production method is a percussion as an example.
First, a spirally wound multi-layer paper tube 10 (diameter 50 cm, height 40 cm) having a thickness of 15 mm is used for the drum body, but it is preferable to apply a blank paper or the like to the body surface to apply makeup. Is good. On the other hand, a vulcanized fiber of 560 g / m2 (0.5 mm thick) of rice tsubo was prepared, and about 30 lbs.
The fiber sheet is immersed in water for about 60 minutes, or is left standing for about 30 minutes after application of water to wet the fiber sheet. Next, the fiber 11 which has been drained and cut so as to be wider than the body 10 is placed on the opening surface of the body 10, a part of the sheet is folded back to the body side, and the drum stud 12, which is a fixing bracket, is hammered 13. Use such as to hit.
Then, while pulling the opposite side, another drum stud is hit on that portion to fix the entire sheet to the body. That is, in accordance with the order indicated by the symbol in FIG. 4 (II) , while pulling the sheet in the radial direction, the body 10
It sticks around. ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] November 21, 1996

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Fig. 4

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

4 (I) to (V) are explanatory views showing a procedure for manufacturing a drum using a paper tube trunk.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A membrane having a body portion for forming a cavity therein, and a film-like body made of vulcanized fiber stretched over at least one open end of the body portion. With musical instrument. 2. A vulcanized fiber membrane in a wet state is applied to a body opening of a double-sided opening or a body opening of a single-sided opening. A method of manufacturing a musical instrument with a film, wherein the film-like body is fixed around the body with a stopper while maintaining the condition, and then dried. 3. The method of manufacturing a musical instrument with a film according to claim 2, wherein a paper tube is used as a body portion, and a film-like body made of vulcanized fiber is stretched on an opening surface of the paper tube.