JPH0996520A - Dimension measuring apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize a structure by which change in the dimension of a ring to be immersed in a coolant in a quenching tank can be measured continuously. SOLUTION: The dimension measuring device 15 outputs an electric signal according to a change in a dimension on the basis of the displacement of a direct-acting member 17. The tip end face of a transmission means 29 the base end part of which is coupled to the direct-acting member 17 is made to butt against a ring 1. The creeping of a coolant into a hollow casing 11 which houses the dimension measuring device 15 is prevented. A material for a constituent member is contrived, and the influence on a measured value of thermal expansion is reduced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The dimension measuring device according to the present invention is
Used to continuously measure the dimensional changes of steel parts such as various automobile parts when quenching them in a coolant.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to manufacture various automobile parts, a steel part processed into a predetermined shape is heated and then immersed in a coolant such as oil to quench and harden the steel part. Is generally done. During this quenching, the temperature of the steel part drops sharply from about 800 to 850 ° C to about 60 to 100 ° C, and as a result, the size of the part also decreases (heat shrinks). The dimensions of the above parts are regulated after heat shrinkage, but the temperature is from 800 to 850 ° C to 6
It is considered that knowing the history of dimensional changes until the temperature drops to about 0 to 100 ° C is useful for obtaining higher quality parts. However, conventionally, it is not possible to compare the size in a high temperature state (about 800 to 850 ° C.) immediately before immersion in the coolant and the size in a low temperature state (about 60 to 100 ° C.) taken out from the coolant. However, it was not possible to continuously measure the dimensional change due to the temperature change.

[0003]

In view of such circumstances, the dimension measuring apparatus of the present invention makes it possible to continuously measure the dimension change due to the temperature change, and it is possible to perform quenching with higher quality. It enables the research to obtain the steel parts.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A dimension measuring apparatus according to the present invention includes a substrate, a mounting portion fixedly mounted on an upper surface of one end of the substrate and capable of being mounted with an object to be measured positioned therein. A hollow casing fixed to the upper surface of the other end of the substrate while preventing the intrusion of the coolant, a main body held in the hollow casing fixed to the other end of the substrate, and the main body A linear measuring member that is reciprocally displaced in a predetermined direction with respect to the linear moving member, and a dimension measuring device that electrically outputs the displacement amount of the linear moving member as a measured value; And a transmission means for transmitting the dimensional change of the measured object to the linear motion member by engaging with the measured object. Then, at least one of the thermal conductivity and the thermal expansion coefficient of the material forming the transmission means, the substrate, and the mounting portion is made smaller than the thermal conductivity or the thermal expansion coefficient of the material forming the object to be measured. ing.

[0005]

The dimension measuring apparatus of the present invention having the above-described structure is, for example, a dimension of an object to be measured such as a steel ring in a state of being immersed in a quenching tank in which a coolant for quenching is stored. To measure. For example, when measuring the dimensional change of the measured object due to quenching, a high temperature (e.g. 800-8
An object to be measured at about 50 ° C. is set and the other end of the transmission means is engaged with the object to be measured. In this work, the object to be measured may be set in a dimension measuring device that has been placed in the quenching tank in advance, or the object to be measured may be set in a dimension measuring device outside the quenching tank. When the object to be measured is set in the dimension measuring device outside the quenching tank, the object to be measured together with the dimension measuring device is put into the coolant in the quenching tank after the setting.

In any case, the temperature of the object to be measured suddenly drops immediately after it is immersed in the coolant in the quenching tank, and its size decreases due to thermal contraction. Such a dimensional change of the object to be measured is transmitted to the linear motion member of the dimension measuring device via the transmitting means to displace the linear motion member, and the dimension measuring device responds to the displacement amount of the linear motion member. The measured value is output electrically. Since the dimension measuring device provided in the hollow casing does not touch the coolant, the dimensional change of the measured object can be continuously measured.

Further, at least one of the thermal conductivity and the thermal expansion coefficient of the material forming the transmitting means, the substrate and the mounting portion is more than the thermal conductivity or the thermal expansion coefficient of the material forming the object to be measured. Since the size is small, the amount of thermal change of the dimension measuring device based on the heat of the object to be measured can be suppressed to a small amount, and accurate measurement results can be obtained.

[0008]

1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention. In the illustrated embodiment, the object to be measured is a steel ring 1.
It is. Further, ceramic is used as a material having a smaller thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient than the steel forming the ring 1. Usable ceramics include silicon nitride, silicon carbide, silicon oxide, aluminum nitride, alumina, zirconia and the like. If the material to be measured is steel, instead of ceramic, Invar alloy,
Heat resistant glass or the like can also be used.

One end of the ceramic substrate 2 (see FIGS.
On the upper surface of the left end part of the support plate 3 which is also made of ceramic.
Are coupled and fixed by a plurality of bolts 4 and 4, and the upper surface of the support plate 3 is used as a mounting portion 5. On the upper surface of the support plate 3, which is the mounting portion 5, washing plate-like irregularities are formed. The reason for forming such unevenness is that the contact area between the lower surface of the ring 1 and the mounting portion 5 is reduced and the ring 1 is mounted on the mounting portion 5.
This is because it is possible to improve the slidability of the ring 1 with respect to the mounting portion 5 by preventing the sticking of the ring 1 with the V groove that functions as a groove for the coolant while preventing the sticking of the ring 1 to the V groove.

Further, the mounting portion 5 has a pair of stoppers 6,
6 are fixed in directions orthogonal to each other. The ring 1 can be positioned in the surface direction of the mounting portion 5 by bringing two positions of the outer peripheral surface into contact with one surface of each of the stoppers 6, 6. The stoppers 6 and 6 are
The bolts 7 and 7 are fixed to the mounting portion 5 by two bolts, respectively.
The screw holes 8 for screwing the
There are multiple sets for each of the six. Therefore, the fixing positions of these stoppers 6, 6 can be adjusted in plural ways (three ways in the illustrated example). The reason why the fixing positions of the stoppers 6 and 6 are adjusted in this way is that the ring 1 can be positioned stably even when the outer diameter of the ring 1 changes. Incidentally, instead of providing one set of screw holes 8 and 8 for each stopper 6, 6, the planar shape of each stopper 6, 6 is enlarged, and long holes are formed in these stoppers in the direction in which the position should be adjusted. By doing so, the same effect can be obtained.

On the other hand, on the upper surface of the other end portion (right end portion in FIGS. 1 to 4) of the substrate 2, a ceramic support block 9 is also provided.
Are fixed by a plurality of bolts 10 and 10. A hollow casing 11 having a bottomed cylindrical shape is joined and fixed to the outer surface (right side surface in FIGS. 1 to 4) of the support block 9 by a plurality of bolts 12 and 12. Further, the locking groove 13 formed on the open end surface of the hollow casing 11 has an O
The ring 14 is locked, and the O-ring 14 prevents a coolant such as oil from entering the hollow casing 11. The material forming the hollow casing 11 is not particularly limited as long as it has a coolant resistance and a certain degree (for example, about 60 to 100 ° C.) heat resistance.

A dimension measuring instrument 15 is held and fixed in such a hollow casing 11. This size measuring instrument 15
Is a main body 16 and a predetermined direction with respect to the main body 16 (see FIG.
A linear motion member 17 that is reciprocally displaced in the left-right direction. In such a dimension measuring device 15, the tip portion (the left end portion in FIGS. 1 to 4) of the main body 16 is coupled and fixed to a ceramic mounting bracket 18, and the mounting bracket 18 is further fixed by a plurality of bolts 19 and 19. By being fixedly connected to the support block 9, the hollow block 11 is held and fixed. In this state, the displacement direction of the linear motion member 17 is parallel to the placing part 5.

The dimension measuring device 15 includes the linear motion member 17
It has a function of electrically outputting the displacement amount as a measurement value. A lead wire (not shown) for sending an electric signal representing the measured value is taken out of the main body 16 through a take-out port 20 formed at the tip of the main body 16. Furthermore, this conductor is
It can be taken out above the dimension measuring device 23 through the inside of the through hole 21 formed in the upper surface of the hollow casing 11 and the bellows 22 whose lower end is connected to the through hole 21. The bellows 22 has a sufficient length (see FIG. 2,
4 in the vertical direction) so that the dimension measuring device 23 projects above the upper surface of the coolant even when the dimension measuring device 23 is immersed in the coolant in the quenching tank in order to measure the dimensional change of the ring 1. I have to.

Further, the inner surface of the support block 9 (see FIG. 1)
4 to the left side surface), the base end portion of the guide tube 24 (see FIGS. 1 to 4).
(The right end portion of) is coupled and fixed by a plurality of bolts 25, 25. Further, the opening end surface of the guide tube 24 (see FIGS.
The O-ring 27 is provided in the engaging groove 26 formed on the right end surface of 4).
The O-ring 27 locks the guide tube 2
The coolant is prevented from entering the inside of No. 4. The material forming the guide tube 24 is not particularly limited as long as it has coolant resistance and heat resistance to a certain degree (for example, about 60 to 100 ° C.). Further, in a part of the support block 9, the end portions of the guide tube 24 and the hollow casing 11 are opened (in the case of the guide tube 24, the right end surface opening of FIGS. 1 to 4 and in the case of the hollow casing 11, FIGS. A through hole 28 is formed at a position aligned with the left end opening). Then, in this through hole 28, the base end portion of the rod 30 (see FIG.
(Right end of 4) is inserted.

The transmission means 29 for transmitting the dimensional change of the ring 1 to the linear motion member 17 of the dimension measuring device 15 has a rod 30 and an adapter 31 each made of ceramic in the axial direction (see FIGS. 4 in the left-right direction) and are connected in series with each other. Adapter 3 of these
Reference numeral 1 denotes an engaging portion 32 for engaging a tool such as a spanner at an intermediate portion in the axial direction, and male screw portions 33, 33 at both end portions in the axial direction.
Each is formed. And each of these male screw parts 3
The rod 30 and the linear motion member 17 are coupled by screwing the rods 3 and 33 into the screw holes formed in the end faces of the rod 30 and the linear motion member 17, respectively.

A slide bearing 34 is interposed between a part of the inner peripheral surface of the guide cylinder 24 and an outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion of the rod 30 to smoothly displace the transmitting means 29 including the rod 30 in the axial direction. I am going to do it. Further, in the pair of locking recessed grooves 35a and 35b formed on the inner peripheral surface of the tip portion (the left end portion in FIGS. 1 to 4) of the guide cylinder 24, a seal ring 36 for shutting off the coolant, respectively, A scraper 37 for scraping off the coolant that has passed through the seal ring 36.
And are provided. Therefore, even if the rod 30 is displaced in the axial direction, the coolant in the quenching tank does not enter the guide cylinder 24.

Further, a lid 38 is attached and fixed to the opening of the distal end of the guide cylinder 24 by a plurality of bolts 39, 39. Then, a stop ring that is locked to the outer side surface of the lid body 38 (the left side surface of FIGS. 1 to 4) and the tip portion of the rod 30 (the left end portion of FIGS. 1 to 4) protruding from the lid body 38. A compression spring 41 is provided between the compression spring 41 and 40. The tip end surface (the left end surface in FIGS. 1 to 4) of the rod 30 is elastically abutted against the outer peripheral surface of the ring 1 by the elastic force of the compression spring 41. However, the elasticity of the compression spring 41 is
The ring 1 is weak enough not to be elastically deformed.

The dimension measuring apparatus 23 of the present invention constructed as described above is made of steel, which is the object to be measured, in a state of being immersed in a quenching tank which stores oil as a coolant for quenching. The outer diameter dimension of the ring 1 is measured. When measuring the change in the outer diameter of the ring 1 due to quenching, the high temperature ring 1 is set on the mounting portion 5 and the transmission means 2 is used.
The tip end surface of the rod 30 constituting 9 is butted against the outer peripheral surface of the ring 1. That is, two positions of the outer peripheral surface of the ring 1 are brought into contact with one surface of the stoppers 6 and 6, and the tip end surface of the rod 30 is abutted against the outer peripheral surface of the ring 1, so that the rod 30 and any stopper 6, the ring 1 is elastically sandwiched from the diametrically opposite side. Preferably, in this state, the rod 30 is located on an extension line of the diameter of the ring 1. The operation of setting the ring 1 on the mounting portion 5 may be performed while the dimension measuring device 23 is placed in the quenching tank in advance, or the dimension measuring device 23 may be used.
It may be performed in a state where it is taken out of the quenching tank. When the ring 1 is set in the dimension measuring device 23 outside the quenching tank, the ring 1 together with the dimension measuring device 23 is put into oil in the quenching tank after setting. Preferably, the size measuring device 23 is put into oil after setting. The reason for this is
This is because the outer diameter of the ring 1 can be measured from the moment the ring 1 is put into oil.

In any case, the temperature of the ring 1 drops sharply immediately after being immersed in the oil in the quenching tank, and its outer diameter dimension decreases due to thermal contraction. When the outer diameter of the ring 1 is contracted in this manner, the elastic force of the compression spring 41 moves the rod 30 to the mounting portion 5 side, and the adapter 3
The linear motion member 17 of the dimension measuring instrument 15 is pulled through As a result, the change in the outer diameter dimension of the ring 1 is transmitted to the detecting portion provided in the body 16 of the dimension measuring instrument 15, and the dimension measuring instrument 15 measures the measured value according to the shrinkage amount of the outer diameter dimension of the ring 1. Is electrically output. The dimension measuring device 15 is provided in the hollow casing 11 and does not come into contact with the oil stored in the quenching tank. Therefore, the outer diameter of the ring 1 can be continuously measured.

Further, the rod 30 and the adapter 31, which constitute the transmission means 29, the substrate 2 and the support plate 3 which constitutes the mounting portion 5, are all higher in thermal conductivity and thermal expansion than the steel constituting the ring 1. It is made of a ceramic with a much lower rate. Therefore, the amount of change in heat of the dimension measuring device 23 based on the heat of the ring 1 can be suppressed to be small, and an accurate measurement result can be obtained.

Next, FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In the case of this embodiment, the ceramic rod 30 is used.
A sleeve 42 made of steel is externally fitted to the intermediate portion of the rod 30 so as to be displaced with respect to the rod 30 in a slight axial direction (left-right direction in FIG. 5). O-rings 44, 44 are respectively locked in the locking recessed grooves 43, 43 formed on the inner peripheral surfaces of both ends of the sleeve 42 to keep airtightness between the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve 42 and the outer peripheral surface of the rod 30. I am trying to The O-ring 44,
The reason why 44 is provided in two steps is to ensure airtightness. Further, in the case of the present embodiment, the axial displacement of the rod 30 due to the change in the outer diameter of the ring 1 (FIG. 1), which is the object to be measured, is caused between the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 42 and the inner peripheral surface of the slide bearing 34. Allowed by sliding. The reason why the steel sleeve 42 is allowed to be slightly displaced in the axial direction with respect to the rod 30 is as follows.
This is because the amount of change in heat (expansion / contraction amount) of both members 42 and 30 is absorbed. Therefore, the base end surface (the right end surface in FIG. 5) of the sleeve 42 remains abutted against the step portion 50 formed on the base end portion (the right end portion in FIG. 5) of the rod 30.

In the case of this embodiment having such a configuration, the following operation and effect can be obtained in addition to the operation and effect of the first embodiment described above. Slide bearing 34, seal ring 36, scraper 37
It is possible to suppress wear. In the case of the first embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the ceramic rod 30 and the respective members 34, 3
Since the inner peripheral surface or the inner peripheral edge of 6, 37 are in direct sliding contact with each other, depending on the ceramic material, these members 34, 36, 3
Wear of No. 7 may progress. On the other hand, in the case of the present embodiment, the presence of the steel sleeve 42 makes it possible to suppress the wear of the members 34, 36, 37. It becomes easy to set the force (resistance) required for the axial movement of the rod 30 as designed. In the case of the first embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the ceramic rod 30 and the inner peripheral surface of the plain bearing 34 are in direct sliding contact. In order to reduce the sliding resistance between these two peripheral surfaces as designed (without causing rattling in the sliding portion), not only the inner diameter of the sliding bearing 34 but also the outer diameter of the rod 30 should be set. It needs to be finished accurately.
However, it is difficult to accurately finish the outer diameter of the ceramic rod 30. On the other hand, in the case of the present embodiment, since the outer peripheral surface of the steel sleeve 42 and the inner peripheral surface of the slide bearing 34 are in sliding contact with each other, the dimensions of both peripheral surfaces are accurately finished to reduce the sliding resistance. It becomes easy to make it small. The configuration and operation of the other parts are similar to those of the first embodiment described above.

Next, FIGS. 6 to 7 show a third embodiment of the present invention. In the case of the present embodiment, the contact block 45 is attached to the tip portion of the rod 30 (left end portion in FIGS. 6 to 7).
It is fixed at a right angle to 0. A compression spring 41 provided between the contact block 45 and the lid 38 elastically presses the contact block 45 toward the ring 1 as the object to be measured. Also, the above-mentioned pad block 45
A guide pin 48 having a slide bearing 47 held inside a guide block 46 fixed to the back surface (right side in FIGS. 6 to 7) of FIG. 6 and a base end portion (right end portion in FIG. 6) fixed to the lid 38.
Is inserted into the plain bearing 47. The guide pin 48 is provided in parallel with the rod 30, so that the contact block 45 is movable in parallel in the direction of moving toward and away from the ring 1.

In the case of this embodiment having such a configuration,
The length dimension of the portion which is positioned at right angles to the displacement direction of the rod 30 and can come into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the ring 1 is sufficiently large. Therefore, even if the outer diameter of the ring 1 is slightly different, the ring 1 will be connected to any one of the stoppers 6 (FIGS. 1 and 2).
Can be reliably sandwiched from the diametrically opposite side. In the illustrated embodiment, one end portion of the front surface of the contact block 45 (see FIG.
By forming the inclined surface 49 on the lower end portion of the left side surface thereof, the ring 1 can be easily inserted between the contact block 45 and any one of the stoppers 6. The configuration and operation of the other parts are similar to those of the second embodiment described above.

Next, FIGS. 8 to 9 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the first to third embodiments described above, the structure is such that the outer diameter of the ring 1 is measured, whereas in the case of the present embodiment, the inner diameter of the ring 1 can be measured freely. For this reason, in the case of this embodiment, an inward flange-like engagement is provided at the tip portion (left end portion in FIGS. 8 to 9) of the tubular portion 51 formed on the outer side surface (left side surface in FIGS. 8 to 9) of the lid 38. The stop collar 52 is formed, and the compression spring 41 is provided between the locking collar 52 and the sleeve 42. Therefore, the rod 30 is given an elastic force in the direction of being drawn into the guide cylinder 24.
Also, at the tip of this rod 30 (the left end in FIGS. 8 to 9),
A pull pin 56 is fixed to the upper surface of the pull block 53 fixed by the same structure as the contact block 45 in the third embodiment. On the other hand, a plurality of screw holes 5 are provided at the position on the extension line of the rod 30 on the upper surface of the mounting portion 5.
4 are formed. The locking pin 55 is screwed and fixed to one of the screw holes 54.

When measuring the change in the inner diameter of the ring 1 due to quenching, a part of the high temperature ring 1 is attached to the locking pin 55 fixed to the mounting portion 5 (left in FIGS. 8 to 9). Part) inner peripheral surface is locked, and the pulling pin 56 is engaged with the inner peripheral surface of the inner tab of the other part of the ring 1 (right part of FIGS. 8 to 9) at a position diametrically opposite to the locking pin 55. Stop. When the temperature of the ring 1 suddenly drops from this state and the inner diameter of the ring 1 decreases, the rod 30 resists the elasticity of the compression spring 41.
Are pulled toward the placing portion 5. As a result, the change in the inner diameter of the ring 1 can be continuously measured. Other configurations and operations are similar to those of the third embodiment described above.

[0027]

Since the dimension measuring apparatus of the present invention is constructed and operates as described above, the dimensional change of the metal member during the quenching treatment of the metal member is continued with the passage of time. Can be measured. Therefore, it is possible to contribute to the test and research for obtaining the higher quality metal product by obtaining the optimum quenching conditions and the like.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional plan view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial vertical sectional side view of the same.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a central portion of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a central portion of FIG.

5 is a view showing a second embodiment of the present invention and corresponding to the central portion of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to the left part of FIG. 3 and also showing a third embodiment.

7 is a partial vertical cross-sectional side view seen from the lower side of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 6, showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a partial vertical cross-sectional side view as seen from below in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Ring 2 Substrate 3 Support Plate 4 Bolt 5 Placement Part 6 Stopper 7 Bolt 8 Screw Hole 9 Support Block 10 Bolt 11 Hollow Casing 12 Bolt 13 Engagement Groove 14 O Ring 15 Dimension Measuring Device 16 Main Body 17 Direct Acting Member 18 Mounting Bracket 19 Bolt 20 Outlet 21 Through hole 22 Bellows 23 Dimension measuring device 24 Guide tube 25 Bolt 26 Locking groove 27 O ring 28 Through hole 29 Transmission means 30 Rod 31 Adapter 32 Engagement portion 33 Male screw portion 34 Sliding bearing 35a, 35b Locking groove 36 Seal ring 37 Scraper 38 Lid 39 Bolt 40 Stop ring 41 Compression spring 42 Sleeve 43 Locking groove 44 O-ring 45 Abutment block 46 Guide block 47 Sliding bearing 48 Guide pin 49 Sloping surface 50 Step 51 Tube part 5 Holding flange 53 pull block 54 the threaded hole 55 the locking pin 56 pull pin

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A substrate, a mounting part which is fixedly mounted on an upper surface of one end of the substrate and can be mounted in a state in which an object to be measured is positioned, and the substrate in a state where a coolant is prevented from entering the inside. , A hollow casing fixed to the upper surface of the other end of the substrate, a main body held in the hollow casing in a state of being fixed to the other end of the substrate, and a linear motion member reciprocally displaced in a predetermined direction with respect to the main body. Having a dimension measuring device that electrically outputs the displacement amount of this linear motion member as a measurement value, by connecting one end of the linear motion member to the linear motion member and engaging the other end with the measured object, A transmission means for transmitting the dimensional change of the object to be measured to the linear motion member, wherein at least one of the thermal conductivity and the thermal expansion coefficient of the material forming the transmission means, the substrate, and the mounting portion is set to the above. Less than the thermal conductivity or coefficient of thermal expansion of the material that constitutes the DUT Clear size measuring device.