JPH0989077A - Method and device for manufacturing camshaft - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve mass productivity in a device which can cope with work by simple operation, in the case of fixing a prescribed number of camshaft constitutional elements to a fixed position different from each other in a shaft main unit. SOLUTION: In a manufacturing device, a cam C is fixed to a prescribed position in a shaft main unit S by press fitting it to the cam C separately formed from the shaft main unit S by a fixed distance, the device has a cam fixing means 11 fixedly holding the cam C and a conveying means 12 intermittently conveying the cam C to an assembly position to the shaft main unit S. The conveying means 12 has an index table 19, the cam fixing means 11 comprises a plurality of cylinders 22 for holding the cam C by a pair of clamp pieces 28 provided radially on the index table 19 and a plurality of spacers 32a... respectively interposed between each cylinder 22 and the index table 19 for setting a holding height position relating to the index table 19 of the cam C.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a camshaft manufacturing apparatus used for opening and closing intake and exhaust valves in an internal combustion engine and the like, and particularly to a camshaft structure formed separately on the outer periphery of a shaft body. A method and apparatus for manufacturing a camshaft suitable for use in manufacturing a camshaft in which elements (for example, a cylindrical sleeve for a cam or a journal) are fitted and fixed to each other to be integrated. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a camshaft used for opening and closing intake and exhaust valves in an internal combustion engine or the like has a cylindrical shaft body and a plurality of cams provided at predetermined positions on the outer surface of the shaft body. Shaft component and these camshaft components are
For example, the shaft body is integrally formed by forging, casting, or cutting.

Generally, the material originally required for the shaft and the material required for the camshaft component are different. For example, the shaft is required to be made of a material having excellent torsional strength and bending strength, the camshaft components are required to be made of a material having excellent wear resistance, and further, the weight of the entire camshaft is reduced. A material that can be used is required.

However, in such a camshaft manufacturing method, since the camshaft constituent elements are integrated with the shaft body, it is necessary to select a material excellent in all of the above aspects. However, there are many restrictions in terms of flexibility in material selection and cost. Furthermore, when the specifications of camshaft components are changed, for example, when it is necessary to change the profile or mounting angle of the cam, it is impossible to share the cam and shaft body, and forging dies and molds are raised for each type. Or, the cutting conditions must be changed, and there is a problem that it is not possible to respond quickly to changes in specifications.

Therefore, for example, a technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-150542 has been proposed. As shown in FIG. 13, this technique involves performing plastic working on a predetermined position on the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical shaft body 1X, and
A plurality of protrusions 2X having an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of X are formed along the circumferential direction. On the other hand, the cam 3X has a through hole 4X having an inner diameter substantially the same as the outer diameter of the shaft body 1X.
And the splines 5X are formed on the inner surface of the through hole 4X. And the through hole 4X of the cam 3X
After inserting the shaft body 1X therein, the cam 3
The X is rotated in the circumferential direction of the shaft body 1X to position the shaft body 1X in the circumferential direction, and then the cam 3X is press-fitted into the plastically worked portion of the shaft body 1X. As a result, as shown in FIG. 14, the spline 5X plastically deforms the ridge 2X to firmly engage the two with each other, whereby the shaft body 1X and the cam 3X can be fixed to each other.

In such a technique, by keeping the dimensional relationship between the inner diameter of the through hole 4X and the outer diameter of the shaft body 1X constant, the cam 3X having various materials or profiles can be selectively used for the shaft. It can be attached to the main body 1X, and the mounting angle can be changed by simply rotating the cam 3X and adjusting the relative position in the circumferential direction with respect to the shaft main body 1X.

By the way, when assembling the cam 3X to the shaft body 1X, a great amount of pressure must be applied to the shaft body 1X or the cam 3X, and under such high pressure, the shaft body 1X and the cam 3X are combined. The relative positional relationship is securely restrained, and the cam 3 at the time of press fitting
It is necessary to prevent misalignment between X and the shaft body 1X. Moreover, a plurality of cams 3X must be attached to the shaft body 1X, and it is necessary to mass-produce them. Therefore, it is desired to develop manufacturing equipment capable of continuously performing these operations.

[0008] Here, a conventional camshaft manufacturing apparatus (for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 3-2420 related to the application of the present applicant).
No. 38) will be described. As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the transport means 12X is mounted on the base B, and has a disk-shaped index table 19X that rotates intermittently and a geared motor (not shown) that drives the index table 19X. ) And the cam fixing means 11X is provided on the upper surface (upper side in FIG. 15) of the index table 19X.

A plurality of cam fixing means 11X are provided radially on the index table 19X.
Each cam fixing means 11X includes a base plate 21X fixed to the index table 19X and the index table 1 of the base plate 21X.
Air cylinder 2 attached to the 9X rotation center side
2X, penetrating through the base plate 21X and the index table 19X, and vertically movable, and
The support pipe 24X on which the cam C is placed at the upper end and the support pipe 24X which is disposed on the base B
Ring-shaped load cell 25X placed opposite to the lower end of the
And the base plate 21X and the support pipe 24X
And a spring 26X which is interposed between the support pipe 24X and the load cell 25X, and which holds the support pipe 24X in a predetermined rising position via a stopper ring 23X and the air cylinder 22X. And a clamp mechanism 27X for holding the outer peripheral portion of the cam C placed on the support pipe 24X and restraining the rotation thereof.

The clamp mechanism 27X is a set of slide blocks 2 provided on the upper surface of the base plate 21X so as to be able to approach and separate from each other via a pair of guide plates GA.
0X, a pair of V-block-shaped clamp pieces 28X attached to the upper ends of these sliding blocks 20X, and a slidable mount on the base plate 21X via a pair of guide plates GB. 22
The clamp piece 2 is slid by X.
It is composed of an actuating piece 29X that moves one of the 8Xs toward and away from the other clamp piece 28X.

Next, the operation of the apparatus thus constructed will be described. First, the air cylinder 22X of each cam fixing means 11X is actuated to widen the space between the clamp pieces 28X, and the cam C is inserted between them to support the pipe 24X.
After mounting on the top, the air cylinder 22X is operated again to fix the cam C in a predetermined posture.

After this operation, the upper end of the shaft body S is gripped by an air chuck of gripping means (not shown), and the air cylinder 43X of the guiding means 13X is operated to move the lifting rod 42X to the cam fixing means 11X. The cam C fixed to the cam fixing means 11X, and the lifting rod 4 is inserted.
The engaging member 44X attached to the tip of 2X is engaged with the other end of the shaft body S located above it. In this state, the shaft main body S is sandwiched by the gripping means (not shown) and the guide means 13X at both ends thereof.

Prior to this, when the shaft body S is gripped by gripping means (not shown), the moving means 18X
By operating the servo motor 71X, the plastic working means (not shown) is moved to a predetermined position of the shaft body S.

Then, the servo motor of the rotation driving means (not shown) is operated to rotate the air chuck, so that the plastic working means is rotated while the shaft body S held by the air chuck is rotated. At the same time as the backup roller (not shown) is brought into contact with the side portion of the shaft body S, both sizing rollers are brought into contact with the side portion of the shaft body S at a predetermined pressure. As a result, the sizing roller in the pressure-bonded state causes the outer peripheral surface of the shaft main body S at a predetermined position to have a plurality of lines of concavo-convex processing.

After such processing is performed, each roller of the plastic processing means is separated from the shaft main body S to largely open around the shaft main body SX, and the servo cylinder of the pressing means (not shown) is operated. By doing so, the shaft main body S is inserted into the cam C fixed to the cam fixing means 11X.

By continuing such an operation, the uneven portion of the shaft main body S is press-fitted into the inner surface of the cam C to firmly fix the two. The lowering limit of S is controlled by operating the operation amount of the servo cylinder of the pressing means corresponding to the position of the uneven processing by the plastic working means, and the pressure at the time of press fitting is lowered together with the cam C. The pipe 24X is detected by being brought into contact with the load cell 25X.

[0017]

However, in such a conventional technique, when a plurality of cams C are sequentially fixed to different cam fixing positions of the shaft main body S, or one is provided for each of the plurality of shaft main bodies S. When sequentially fixing the cams C to different fixing positions (or changing the cam fixing position for each lot consisting of a plurality of shaft bodies), the cam fixing position (plastic processing portion) of the shaft body S can be changed. Accordingly, in order to securely fix the cam at the cam fixing position, it is necessary to gradually move the shaft main body S by the hydraulically driven servo cylinder to press-fit the cam into the cam C and adjust the position. That is, the descending amount of the shaft main body S is controlled by operating the operation amount of the servo cylinder of the pressing means 15X corresponding to the position of the uneven processing by the plastic working means 17X. Thus, every time the fixed position of the cam C is changed to the shaft body S,
Controlling the position adjustment of the shaft main body S by the servo cylinder is not suitable for mass production because the control becomes complicated, and there is a problem that the cost of the control means increases.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems of the prior art, and when fixing a predetermined number of camshaft constituent elements to different assembly positions of the shaft body, the cam fixing position of the shaft body is used. It is an object of the present invention to provide a manufacturing method and a manufacturing apparatus for a cam shaft, which can cope with the change of No. 1 by a simple operation and can continuously attach the cams and which is excellent in mass productivity.

[0019]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The method of the present invention for accomplishing the above objects comprises providing a camshaft component by press fitting the shaft body into a camshaft component formed separately from the shaft body. Is assembled and fixed to a predetermined position of the shaft main body, and a plurality of camshaft constituent element fixing means for gripping and fixing the camshaft constituent elements on the index table are provided in advance on the index table. Corresponding to the fixing position, the spacers for setting the gripping fixing heights to predetermined heights are installed respectively, and at the same time, the cam fixing position of the shaft main body is subjected to concavo-convex processing by rolling. By pressing the camshaft components that are gripped and fixed into the camshaft components for a certain distance, the camshaft is inserted into the concave and convex parts. It is characterized in that press-fitting the door components. Further, the camshaft constituent element is a cam, or a cylindrical sleeve for a journal mounted between the cams as required.

The apparatus of the present invention for carrying out the above method comprises press fitting the shaft body into a camshaft component formed separately from the shaft body, whereby the camshaft component is predetermined in the shaft body. A camshaft manufacturing apparatus adapted to be assembled and fixed in a position, wherein a camshaft constituent element fixing means for gripping and fixing the camshaft constituent element, and the camshaft constituent element are intermittently moved to an assembly position of the shaft body. And a guide means that is insertable with respect to the camshaft constituent element fixed by the camshaft constituent element fixing means at the assembling position and that is engaged with and disengaged from one end of the shaft body. It is arranged to face the guide means at a predetermined interval and holds the other end of the shaft body. Gripping means, pressing means for inserting the shaft main body into the camshaft constituent element by moving the gripping means a certain distance toward the camshaft constituent element fixing means, and the shaft main body around the axis thereof. A rotation driving means for giving rotation, and provided in the shaft body so as to come into contact with and separate from the shaft body in a direction orthogonal to its axis
The conveying means comprises: a plastic working means for forming an unevenness on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body along the circumferential direction; and a moving means for relatively moving the plastic working means along the length direction of the shaft body. Includes an index table that rotates intermittently, and the camshaft component fixing means includes a plurality of cylinders radially provided on the index table for gripping the camshaft component by a pair of clamp pieces. , A plurality of spacers interposed between each cylinder and the index table for adjusting a gripping fixed height position of the gripped camshaft component with respect to the index table, The drive means is a servomotor capable of determining the rotation angle of the shaft body, and A reference position detection mechanism for detecting a reference position around the shaft of the shaft body, and the moving means is composed of a feed bolt screwed to the plastic working means and a servomotor for rotating the feed bolt. In addition, control means for controlling both servo motors to perform an operation of indexing the rotation angle of the shaft body and a movement operation of the plastic working means along the shaft body are provided. .

Hereinafter, the operation of the present invention will be described. In the camshaft manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, first, on the index table, a plurality of spacers having a predetermined height are interposed in correspondence with the cam fixing position of the shaft body, and the camshaft component fixing means is fixed. Mount each cylinder at the specified height. While the camshaft constituent element is fixed by the camshaft constituent element fixing means and is conveyed to the assembling position by the conveying means, the shaft body is gripped at the other end by the gripping means, and the camshaft constituent element fixing means is provided. It is held in place with respect to the camshaft component which is fixed to.

In this state, when the guide means is operated, the guide means penetrates the camshaft component fixed to the camshaft component fixing means and engages with one end of the shaft body. Made me
As a result, both ends of the shaft body are fixed.

Further, the plastic working means is moved along the length direction of the shaft main body by the servo motor via the feed bolt of the moving means, and is made to oppose to a predetermined position of the shaft main body, and then is rotationally driven. While the shaft body is rotated by the servo motor of the means, the plastic working means is brought into contact with and actuated on the shaft body, so that the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body is circumferentially roughened.

After the plastic working means is separated from the shaft main body, the shaft main body is rotated to a predetermined position by the servo motor based on the reference position detecting mechanism of the rotation driving means, and the camshaft constituent element is formed. Are positioned in the circumferential direction. Subsequently, the cylinder of the pressing means moves the gripping means and the shaft body by a certain amount toward the camshaft component fixing means, whereby the shaft body is inserted into the camshaft component, and as a result, the shaft body is The formed concavo-convex processed portion is press-fitted and fixed to the camshaft component.

After that, the cylinder of the pressing means is operated in the opposite direction, and the shaft body is pulled out from the camshaft component fixing means together with the fixed camshaft constituent element, and the guide means is also fixed to the camshaft constituent element. Pulled out of the means.

Then, the conveying means is operated to convey the camshaft component fixing means to which the next camshaft constituent element to be fixed is fixed to the assembling position, and thereafter the same operation as described above is performed. A camshaft component is fixed in position on the shaft body at a predetermined angle. That is, the concave-convex portion is applied to the next predetermined position of the shaft body (for example, the cam fixing position farther from the lower end of the shaft than the position of the preceding concave-convex portion).
Correspondingly, the height of the cylinder of the secondary cam component fixing means relative to the index table is set lower than the previous one. Then, the cylinder of the pressing means moves the gripping means and the shaft body toward the next camshaft component fixing means by the predetermined amount, and the shaft body is inserted into the camshaft component. As a result, the next cam is fixed to the uneven portion of the shaft body.

The above operation is repeated a required number of times, and the plurality of camshaft constituent elements are sequentially fixed to predetermined positions (concavo-convex portion) of the shaft main body by a certain amount of movement of the shaft main body by the pressing means. In this manner, the servo motor of the moving means positions the plastic working means at a predetermined position of the shaft body and performs the uneven processing along the circumferential direction of the shaft body. After rotating it to a predetermined angle by a servo motor based on the above, the shaft main body is inserted into the camshaft constituent element by the cylinder of the pressing means, and the concavo-convex portion of the shaft main body is positioned on the camshaft constituent element and press-fitted and fixed. Let

[0028]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the examples described below are merely examples of the present invention, and the present invention is within the scope not departing from the scope of claims thereof.
It includes all modifications such as design changes. 1 is a side view of the overall configuration of an embodiment of a camshaft manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the overall configuration of an embodiment of a camshaft manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a camshaft manufacturing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment includes a camshaft constituent element for gripping and fixing a cam (a cam is exemplified as the camshaft constituent element in this embodiment). A fixing means (hereinafter referred to as a cam fixing means) 11 is provided, and a conveying means 12 that intermittently conveys the cam to an assembly position with the shaft body S, and a cam fixing means 11 that fixes the cam at the assembly position. And a guide means 13 that is provided so that it can be inserted into the cam and that is engaged with and disengaged from one end portion of the shaft body S, and the other end portion of the shaft body S that is disposed facing the guide means 13 at a predetermined interval. By holding the shaft main body S inside the cam by moving the gripping means 14 toward the cam fixing means 11. A pressing means 15 for inserting, rotating means 1 for giving a rotation about its axis to the shaft body S
6, a plastic working means 17 which is provided on the shaft main body S so as to be close to and away from the shaft main body S in a direction orthogonal to the axis thereof, and which makes unevenness processing on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft main body S along the circumferential direction.
The plastic working means 17 is roughly constituted by a moving means 18 for relatively moving the plastic working means 17 along the length direction of the shaft main body S, and is attached to the base B.

Next, the detailed structure of each constituent means will be described. 3 is a partially cutaway side view showing the conveying means 12, the guiding means 13, the moving means 18 and the cam fixing means 11 according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is the conveying means 12 and the cam fixing means 11 of FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the conveying means 12 and the cam fixing means 11 of one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a gripping means of one embodiment of the present invention. 14, a rotational drive means 16, and a pressing means 15, which are partially cutaway side views, FIG. 8 is a partially omitted bottom view showing a plastic working means 17 of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional side view which abbreviate | omitted one part which shows the plastic working means 17 of one Example of invention.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the conveying means 12 is mounted on the base B, and has a disk-shaped index table 19 which rotates intermittently, and the index table 19 is belt 34. A geared motor (not shown) that is driven through the cam table, and the cam fixing means 11 is provided on the upper surface (upper side in FIG. 3) of the index table 19.

A plurality of (for example, five) cam fixing means 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d, 1 radially provided on the index table 19 are provided.
1e, each cam fixing means 11a, 11
b, 11c, 11d, and 11e are spacers 32a, 32b, and 32 to be described later on the index table 19.
c (see FIGS. 10 to 12), a base plate 21 fixed thereto, an air cylinder 22 attached to the rotation center side of the index table 19 of the base plate 21, the base plate 21, a cam press-fitting position (cam). The support pipe 24 is provided so as to be able to move up and down through the spacer 32a and the index table 19 at the assembly position), and the cam C is mounted on the upper end portion, and the support pipe 24 is arranged on the base B and A ring-shaped load cell 25 arranged to face the lower end of the support pipe 24 is interposed between the base plate 21 and the support pipe 24 to urge the support pipe 24 in a direction away from the load cell 25. And a spring 26 that holds it at a predetermined elevated position via a stopper ring 23, Serial is actuated by air cylinder 22, and a clamping mechanism 27 for restraining the rotation by gripping the outer periphery of the cam C placed on the support pipe 24.

The cam fixing means 11a, 11b, 11
The number of c, 11d, and 11e is sufficient if there are only the types of cam fixing positions (concavo-convex processing positions) of the shaft body S described later. The spacers 32a, 32b, 32c are interposed between the air cylinders 22 and the index table 19, and set the grip fixed height position of the cam C gripped by each air cylinder 22 with respect to the index table 19. It is for doing. Spacer 3
The heights of 2a, 32b, 32c are set corresponding to the cam fixing positions of the shaft body S, and for example, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 10 to 12, h ₁ , h ₂ , h ₃ ( h ₁
> H ₂ > h ₃ ) are set. Further, as will be described later, the difference between the length of the support pipe 24 of the cam fixing means 11a and the length of the support pipe 24 of the cam fixing means 11b is h ₁ −h ₂ correspondingly, and the cam fixing means is fixed. Means 1
The difference between the length of the support pipe 24 of the length and the cam fixing means 11c of 1b of the support pipe 24 is adapted to h ₂ -h _3.
As a result, the shaft main body S is different from each other due to the height difference of the spacers 32a, 32b, 32c only by inserting the shaft main body S by the pressing means 15 into the cam C held by the clamp piece 28 by a predetermined amount. The cam C can be fixed at a predetermined cam fixing position (concave-processed portion).

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the clamp mechanism 27 includes a pair of slide blocks 20 provided on the upper surface of the base plate 21 so as to be close to and away from each other via a pair of guide plates GA. , A pair of V-block-shaped clamp pieces 28 attached to the upper ends of these sliding blocks 20 and slidably mounted on the base plate 21 via a pair of guide plates GB, and by the air cylinder 22. It is constituted by an actuating piece 29 that moves one of the clamp pieces 28 toward and away from the other clamp piece 28 by being slid.

More specifically, the pair of clamp pieces 28 are arranged so that their respective V-grooves face each other, and the cam C and the support pipe 2 are provided between these V-grooves.
4 is gripped in a state in which the attitude around the axis is restricted. That is, one of the sliding block 20 and the clamp piece 28 is configured to be slidable along the pair of guide plates GA in the direction orthogonal to the operating direction of the air cylinder 22, and the sliding block The other of 20 and the clamp piece 28 is slidably adjusted along the guide plates GA and then fixed to the base plate 21.

A guide hole 30 which is inclined with respect to the operating direction of the air cylinder 22 is formed in the one slidable sliding block 20. The guide hole 3
An operation rod 31, which is integrally attached to the operation piece 29 and inclined similarly to the guide hole 30, is slidably fitted to the operation piece 0. Therefore, when the operating piece 29 is slid along the pair of guide plates GB by the air cylinder 22, the slidable sliding block is produced by the cooperation of the operation rod 31 and the guide hole 30. 20 and the clamp piece 28 are the other sliding block 2
0 and the clamp piece 28 can be slid in a direction of approaching and separating from each other.

At the center of rotation of the index table 19, there is provided a supply cylinder 33 for distributing and supplying compressed air to the air cylinder 22. The flow path switching valve 35 is provided at a position corresponding to each air cylinder 22, and the operating direction of the air cylinder 22 is switched by switching the supply direction of compressed air to the air cylinder 22. These flow path switching valves 35 are actuators 3 including electromagnetic solenoids and the like.
7 is switched.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the guide means 1
Regarding No. 3, the base B is provided with a pair of parallel guide rods 38 penetrating vertically, and the guide means 13 is mounted below the base B of these guide rods 38. ing. The guide means 13 is provided so as to be bridged between the guide rods 38, and a slide plate 39 slidably supported by the guide rods 38 at both ends, and a length direction of the slide plate 39. At the approximately middle portion of the above, the load cell 2
5 and an elevating mechanism 40 provided in a portion located below.

This elevating mechanism 40 includes a guide pipe 41 fixed to the slide plate 39 and an elevating rod 4 mounted slidably through the guide pipe 41.
2 and an air cylinder 43 that is integrally attached to the guide pipe 41 and slides the lifting rod 42 in the axial direction.
The other end of the shaft 2 is engaged with one end of the shaft body S (in the present embodiment, since the shaft body S is formed in a tubular shape, the shaft body S is inserted into the shaft body S so that the shaft Engaging member 44)
However, it is mounted rotatably around its axis.

The engagement member 44 is moved in a direction projecting from the guide pipe 41 by the action of the air cylinder 43, so that the support pipe 24 constituting the cam fixing means 11 located above the guide pipe 41,
Further, it is positioned at a position penetrating the cam C supported by it, and is also positioned inside the load cell 25 by being pulled toward the guide pipe 41 side.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, the gripping means 1
4 is incorporated in an elevating block 45 which is slidably attached to the pair of guide rods 38 along the length direction of the guide rods 38.
The air chuck 46 is provided coaxially with the elevating rod 42 and is rotatably provided around this axis. A driven pulley 47 is fixed to a substantially intermediate portion of the air chuck 46 in the lengthwise direction of the rotation shaft, and the driven pulley 47 is attached to the rotation driving means 1.
It constitutes a part of 6.

As shown in FIG. 7, the rotation driving means 16 includes
A servo motor (for example, an AC servo motor) 48 mounted in parallel with the air chuck 46 on the lifting block 45, a drive pulley 49 fixed to the output shaft of the servo motor 48, and these drive pulley 49 and driven. Timing belt 50 wound around pulley 47
And a reference position detection mechanism A provided between the driven pulley 47 and the elevating block 45.
In this reference position detecting mechanism A, a position detecting pin 51 is projectingly provided on the driven pulley 47, and a sensor 52 is mounted on the elevating block 45 so as to face it.
When 2 detects the position detection pin 51, the reference position in the rotation direction of the air chuck 46, that is, the reference position around the axis of the shaft main body S being gripped is set.

Further, the elevating block 45 and the slide plate 39 are integrally connected by a pair of tie rods 53 (see FIG. 2), and the length of the guide rod 38 is kept at a constant interval. It can be moved in any direction. Therefore, the gripping means 1
4 and the engaging member 44 of the guide means 13.
In the state in which the movement of the engaging member 44 is restricted, that is, in the state in which the position of the elevating rod 42 is fixed, it is possible to move integrally while keeping a distance from each other. There is.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 7, an inexpensive hydraulic cylinder is used as the pressing means 15 in this embodiment (an expensive servo cylinder was used in the past). The upper frame 54 is integrally attached to the upper ends of the pair of guide rods 38 at a predetermined distance from the base B, and is mounted coaxially with the air chuck 46. And the pressing means 15
7, the output shaft 55 is connected to the elevating block 45 via a connecting member 56, and the air chuck 46 is moved along with the elevating block 45 along the guide rod 38. The cam main body 11 holds the shaft main body S held by the holding means 14.
It is supposed to be pushed toward.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the plastic working means 17 is slidably mounted on a pair of second guide rods 57 which are erected on the base B in parallel with the guide rods 38. Base plate 58 and this base plate 5
8, a cylindrical backup roller 59 rotatably supported by the gripping means 14 and supported so as to advance and retreat to a position where it comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft main body S held by the gripping means 14, and a large number of circumferences on the outer peripheral surface. And a pair of sizing rollers 60 having grooves formed therein.

The backup roller 59 is rotatably supported by the tip of a slide arm 61, and the slide arm 61 is used to support the base plate 5.
It is slidably held by a slide box 62 mounted on the No. 8. The slide box 62 is held in a fixed position by being slid by a hydraulic cylinder 63 interposed between the slide arm 61 and the base plate 58, as shown by a chain double-dashed line in FIG. It is adapted to be brought into contact with one side surface of the shaft main body S present.

The slide box 62 is slidable in the direction orthogonal to the sliding direction of the slide arm 61, and a fine adjustment mechanism 64 interposed between the slide box 62 and the base plate 58 allows the slide box 62 to slide. Fine positioning is performed in the above-mentioned direction. With such a configuration, when the shaft main bodies S having different outer diameters are mounted, the positional deviation between the backup roller 59 and the outer surface of the shaft main body S is corrected to ensure reliable contact. Is.

On the other hand, the base plate 58 is provided with a slide box 65 which is slidable in a direction orthogonal to the sliding direction of the slide arm 61. The slide box 65 has a pair of swing arms 66. The sizing rollers 60 are rotatably attached to one ends of the swinging arms 66. Further, a hydraulic cylinder 67 for sliding the slide box 65 is interposed between the slide box 65 and the base plate 58, and the action of the hydraulic cylinder 67 causes the both sizing rollers 60 to move, The surface of the shaft body S held at a predetermined position is pressed with a predetermined pressure.

Then, both the sizing rollers 60
Is such that the shaft body S is positioned between the sizing rollers 60 while being in contact with the shaft body S, and these sizing rollers 6 are
The positional relationship is set so that 0 and the backup roller 59 are located at respective vertices of an isosceles triangle when viewed from the axial direction of the shaft body S.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the sizing roller 60 and the backup roller 59 are displaced from each other in the axial direction of the shaft body S when viewed from the radial direction of the shaft body S. In addition, the mutual positional relationship is set, which is a measure taken to prevent the backup roller 59 from deforming the portion processed by the sizing roller 60.

Further, in the present embodiment, the two swing arms 66 are relatively disposed on the side of the swing arm 66 on which the sizing roller 60 is not mounted so as to bring the two sizing rollers 60 closer to each other. A maximum spring distance between the two sizing rollers 60 is set by interposing a spring 68 for rotation and screwing it to one swing arm 66 and bringing it into contact with the other swing arm 66. An opening angle adjusting bolt 69 is provided. Although the backup roller 59 and both sizing rollers 60 are driven in the directions perpendicular to each other in the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and as shown in FIGS. 59 and both sizing rollers 60 may be driven in opposite directions (see arrow X and Y directions).

As shown in FIG. 3, the moving means 18 is rotatably supported by the upper frame 54 and the base B, and the base plate 5 of the plastic working means 17 is also supported.
A feed screw 70 screwed to 8 and a servo motor (for example, an AC servo motor) that is fixed to the base B and is connected to the feed bolt 70 to rotate.
And 71. Then, the cylinder motor of the pressing means 15, the servo motor 48 of the rotation driving means 16, and the servo motor 7 of the moving means 18 are used.
1 is control means (not shown) based on a preset value of the position angle of the cam C with respect to the shaft body S, which is input in advance.
By controlling the shaft main body S with respect to the cam C, the rotation angle of the shaft main body S is indexed, and the plastic working means 17 is moved along the shaft main body S. There is.

Next, the operation (manufacturing method) of the camshaft manufacturing apparatus configured as described above will be described. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the cam constituent element fixing means 11a, 11b, 11 are previously arranged on the index table 19.
c, 11d, 11e as spacers 32a, 32b, 32c
It is mounted by, for example, bolting or the like. Here, for example, in the fixing means 11a, 11b, and 11c, the spacers 32a, 32b, and 32c (the heights are respectively h
₁ , h ₂ , h ₃ ) are used and the cam component fixing means 11
Spacers 32a are used in d and 11e. First, the air cylinder 22 of each cam fixing means 11a is operated to widen the space between the clamp pieces 28, and the cam C is inserted between them and placed on the support pipe 24, but the air cylinder 22 is operated again. Then, the cam C is fixed in a predetermined posture.

After this operation, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 10, one end of the shaft body S is gripped by the air chuck 46 of the gripping means 14 and the air cylinder 43 of the guiding means 13 is operated. The lifting rod 42 is inserted into one of the cam fixing means 11, the cam C fixed to the cam fixing means 11 is passed through, and the engaging member 44 attached to the tip of the lifting rod 42 is inserted. It is engaged with the other end of the shaft body S located above it. In this state, the shaft body S has the gripping means 14 and the guiding means 1 at both ends thereof.
It is sandwiched by 3 and. In this state, the distance between the index table 19 and the cam C is H ₁ . The symbols L and M indicate the distance between the index table 19 and the lower end of the shaft body S, and the distance between the index table 19 and the air chuck 46, respectively.

Prior to this, when the shaft main body S is gripped by the gripping means 14, the servo motor 71 of the moving means 18 is operated, whereby the plastic working means 1
7 is moved to a predetermined position on the shaft body S. In this state, the portion of the shaft body S to be plastically processed, which will be described later, is located at a distance T ₁ from the lower end of the jaft body S.

Next, by operating the servo motor 48 of the rotation driving means 16 to rotate the air chuck 46, the shaft main body S held by the air chuck 46 is rotated, as shown in FIG. As shown by the chain line, the slide arm 61 is moved by one hydraulic cylinder 63 of the plastic working means 17 to bring the backup roller 59 at the tip thereof into contact with the side portion of the shaft body S, and at the same time, the other hydraulic cylinder. By operating 67, both sizing rollers 60 are brought into contact with the side portions of the shaft body S at a predetermined pressure.

As a result, the sizing roller 60 in the pressure-bonded state causes the outer peripheral surface of the shaft main body S at a predetermined position to have a plurality of projections and depressions over the entire circumference. In this case, the shaft body S includes the pair of sizing rollers 6
Since the uneven processing is performed by 0, the time required for the processing can be shortened and the pair of sizing rollers 60 can be used.
However, since the springs 68 are biased toward each other, the contact force of the hydraulic cylinder 67 between the sizing rollers 60 can be amplified and the shaft body S can be firmly sandwiched between the sizing rollers 60. Since the shaft main body S is supported by both the sizing rollers 60 and the one backup roller 59, the shaft main body S can be provided with the aligning function, and the shaft main body S can be surely and uniformly processed at the time of processing.

After such processing is performed, the hydraulic cylinders 63, 67 of the plastic working means 17 are operated in the opposite direction to separate the rollers 59, 60, 60 from the shaft main body S, and Widely open around the shaft body S. At the same time, the time point when the position detection pin 51 is detected by the sensor 52 is set as the origin, and after the air chuck 46 is rotated by the set value of the servo motor 48, the servo motor 4 of the rotation driving means 16 is rotated.
The rotation of the shaft 8 is stopped to stop the shaft body S at a predetermined position around its axis.

After that, by operating the cylinder of the pressing means 15, the rotation driving means 16, the gripping means 14,
The shaft main body S and the guide means 13 are integrally lowered, and the shaft main body S is inserted into the cam C fixed to the cam fixing means 11a.

As a result, the uneven portion of the shaft body S (the portion separated from the lower end of the shaft body by the distance T ₁ ) is press-fitted into the inner surface of the cam C, and both are firmly fixed. The pressure of is detected by bringing the support pipe 24 descending together with the cam C into contact with the load cell 25. When the pressure detected by the load cell 25 at the time of press-fitting shows an abnormal value, the operation of the apparatus is immediately stopped. Further, it is possible to feed back the detection result to the pressing means 15 to control the press-fitting pressure. Incidentally, in the past, the descending amount of the shaft main body S was controlled by operating the operation amount of the servo cylinder of the pressing means 15 in accordance with the position of the uneven processing by the plastic working means 17, but in the present embodiment In the example, there is a fixed distance until the support pipe 24 is brought into contact with the load cell 25.

When the fixing of one cam C is completed in this way, first, the air cylinder 22 of the cam fixing means 11a is operated in the reverse direction to release the fixation of the cam C in the fixed state, and then the pressing means. The rotation driving means 16, the gripping means 14, the shaft main body S, and the guide means 13 are raised by 15 to pull out the shaft main body S integrated with the cam C from the cam fixing means 11a.

Next, the air cylinder 43 provided in the guide means 13 is operated to draw the lifting rod 42 into the load cell 25, and the lifting rod 42 and the cam fixing means 11 and the conveying means 12 are released from the overlapping state. Then, the geared motor (not shown) rotates the conveying means 12 by a predetermined amount to align the cam fixing means 11b to which the next cam C is fixed with the shaft main body S. Here, the support pipe 24 is shown in FIG.
It is shorter by the difference between h ₂ and h ₁ .
In this state, as shown in FIG. 11, the distance between the index table 19 and the next cam C is H ₂ (<H ₁ ). Further, with respect to the shaft main body S which has returned to the origin (upper limit position) and is on standby, the plastic working means 17 is moved in the vertical direction by the servo motor 71 of the moving means 18, and the next cam of the shaft main body S is moved. Match the fixed position (the position where the unevenness is processed). The plastically worked portion of the shaft body S is at a distance T from the lower end of the jaft body S.
₂ (<T ₁ ). The distance L between the index table 19 and the lower end of the shaft body S and the distance M between the index table 19 and the air chuck 46 are the same as those in FIG.

After that, the guide means 13 is attached to the cam fixing means 11
While being inserted into b, the engaging member 44 is engaged with the end portion of the shaft body S, and by the same operation as described above, a predetermined position of the shaft body S is subjected to uneven processing by the plastic working means 17. The plastically worked portion of the shaft body S is located at a distance T ₂ (<T ₁ ) from the lower end of the jaft body S. Further, the angle for fixing the next cam C is calculated from the reference position set by the positioning pin 51 and the sensor 52, and the shaft main body S is rotated by the rotation driving means 16 based on the calculation result.

After that, by operating the cylinder of the pressing means 15, the rotation driving means 16, the gripping means 14,
The shaft main body S and the guide means 13 are integrally moved down by the same distance as in the case of FIG. 10, and the shaft main body S is placed in the next cam C fixed to the cam fixing means 11b. Is inserted. As a result, the uneven portion of the shaft body S (the portion separated from the lower end of the shaft body by the distance T ₂ ) is press-fitted into the inner surface of the next cam C, and the two are firmly fixed.

Next, as in the above, as shown in FIG. 12, the following cam fixing means 11c is used, in which the support pipe 24 is shorter than that in FIG. 11 by the difference between h ₃ and h _2. It has become. The cam fixing means 11c to which the next cam C is fixed is aligned with the shaft body S. The shaft main body S is made to coincide with the next predetermined position (a position which becomes a concave and convex portion). The plastically worked portion of the shaft body S is located at a distance T ₃ (<T ₂ ) from the lower end of the jaft body S. In this state, the distance between the index table 19 and the cam C is in the H _3. The distance L between the index table 19 and the lower end of the shaft body S and the distance M between the index table 19 and the air chuck 46 are the same as those in FIG.

After that, the guide means 13 is moved to the cam fixing means 11
While being inserted into c, the engaging member 44 is engaged with the end portion of the shaft main body S, and by the same operation as described above, a predetermined position of the shaft main body S is subjected to uneven processing by the plastic working means 17. The plastically worked portion of the shaft body S is located at a distance T ₃ (<T ₂ ) from the lower end of the jaft body S. Further, the angle for fixing the next cam C is calculated from the reference position set by the positioning pin 51 and the sensor 52, and the shaft main body S is rotated by the rotation driving means 16 based on the calculation result.

After that, by operating the cylinder of the pressing means 15, the rotation driving means 16, the gripping means 14,
The shaft main body S and the guide means 13 are integrally moved down by the same distance as in the case of FIG. 10, and the shaft main body S is inserted into the cam C fixed to the cam fixing means 11c. . As a result, the portion of the shaft main body S where the concavo-convex processing is performed (the portion separated from the lower end of the shaft main body by the distance T ₃ ) is press-fitted into the inner surface of the cam C,
Both are firmly fixed.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the spacers 32a, 32b, 32c having a predetermined height are used in accordance with the previously known position of the plastically worked portion of the shaft S, and the gripping and fixing height of the gripped cam C is increased. By setting the shaft main body S to the cam C at a predetermined distance, a predetermined number (though not limited to three in this embodiment) of the cams C are formed at a predetermined angle. It can be sequentially fixed at the uneven processing position apart from the lower end of the navel. Moreover,
According to the camshaft manufacturing apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, a plurality of cams C can be continuously fixed to the shaft body S at a predetermined angle. Therefore, when changing the fixed angle of the cam C, it is possible to deal with it by simply changing the rotation angle of the shaft main body S by the rotation driving means 16, and the cam C of different materials and different types can be attached to the shaft main body S. Even when fixing, the cam fixing means 11
Only by mounting different cams C, it is possible to respond quickly and surely, and it is possible to expect a sufficient effect when applied to high-mix low-volume production.

In the above embodiment, the case where a plurality of cams are fixed to one shaft has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and when one cam is sequentially fixed to a plurality of shaft bodies at different positions, or a plurality of cams are fixed. The present invention can be applied to the case where the cam fixing position is changed for each lot of book shaft bodies. Also in these cases, the cam can be reliably fixed to the concave-convex processed portion according to the change of the shaft (change of the position of the concave-convex processed portion). Further, the shapes, sizes and the like of the respective constituent members shown in the above embodiment are examples, and can be variously changed based on the types of the cam C and the shaft main body S to be applied, design requirements and the like.

[0070]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. According to the first and third aspects of the invention, the plastic working means is positioned at a predetermined position of the shaft main body by the servo motor of the moving means, and the concavo-convex working is performed by the rotation driving means and the plastic working means along the circumferential direction of the shaft main body. After the shaft body is rotated at a predetermined angle by a servomotor based on the reference position detection mechanism of the rotation driving means, the shaft body is inserted into the camshaft component by a certain distance by the cylinder of the pressing means and the shaft body By positioning the concave-convex processed portion on the camshaft constituent element and press-fitting and fixing it, the following excellent effects are exhibited.

When a plurality of cam constituent elements are fixed to different cam fixing positions of the shaft main body, or when one cam constituent element is sequentially fixed to a plurality of shaft main bodies at different fixing positions, the cam constitution of the shaft is fixed. In order to achieve the simple operation of inserting a certain distance into the element, it is only necessary to change the spacer to a predetermined height according to the change of the cam fixing position (plastic working portion) of the shaft body. This eliminates the conventional complicated control of adjusting the position of the cam shaft by an expensive servo cylinder every time the position of the plastically worked portion of the shaft body is changed, and as a result, low cost is achieved. At the same time, it is excellent in mass productivity. A plurality of camshaft components can be sequentially secured to the shaft body at predetermined positions and at predetermined angles. At the same time, the pressing means, the rotation driving means, and the moving means each use a cylinder and a servomotor, and these are operated by the control means.
It is possible to smoothly and highly accurately perform the operation of determining the rotation angle of the shaft body and the operation of moving the plastic working means along the shaft body.

Therefore, for example, when the fixed angle of the cam is changed, it is possible to cope with the change by simply changing the rotation angle of the shaft main body by the rotation driving means, and the camshaft constituent elements made of different materials or different types. Even when fixing the camshaft constituent elements to the shaft body, it is possible to respond quickly and reliably by simply placing different camshaft constituent elements on the camshaft constituent element fixing means, which is sufficient for high-mix low-volume production. Can respond.

Further, the shaft body can be changed to a material having sufficient strength only by mounting operation, and may be hollow as long as the material has sufficient strength. It is possible to quickly respond to changes in shaft specifications, and it is possible to automate assembly by simply changing the settings of various cam shafts in a short time, which can greatly reduce production costs.

The present invention according to claims 2 and 4 can be applied to the case where the camshaft component is not only the cam but also a cylindrical sleeve for a journal which is mounted between the cams as needed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of the overall configuration of an embodiment of a camshaft manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the overall configuration of an embodiment of a camshaft manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway side view showing a conveying means, a guiding means, a moving means and a cam fixing means according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a carrying unit and a cam fixing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a gripping means, a rotation driving means, and an embodiment of the present invention.
It is the side view which fractured | ruptured a part which shows each of the pressing means.

FIG. 8 is a bottom view with a part omitted showing the plastic working means of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional side view with a part omitted showing the plastic working means of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a state in which the height position of the air cylinder with respect to the index table is set by a spacer having a high height in a main part of FIG. 3;

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a state in which the height position with respect to the index table of the air cylinder is set by a spacer having an intermediate height in the main part of FIG. 3;

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a state in which the height position with respect to the index table of the air cylinder is set by a spacer having a low height in the main part of FIG. 3;

FIG. 13 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a main part for explaining a conventional method for fixing a cam and a shaft body.

14 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a fixed portion between the cam and the shaft body fixed by the method shown in FIG.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a part of a main part of a conventional camshaft manufacturing apparatus.

FIG. 16 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Camshaft Manufacturing Equipment 11, 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d, 11e Cam Fixing Means 12 Conveying Means 13 Guide Means 14 Gripping Means 15 Pushing Means 16 Rotation Driving Means 17 Plastic Working Means 18 Moving Means 19 Index Tables 20 Sliding Blocks 21 Base plate 22 Air cylinder 23 Stopper ring 24 Support pipe 25 Load cell 26 Spring 27 Clamp mechanism 28 Clamp piece 29 Actuating piece 30 Guide hole 31 Operation rod 32a, 32b, 32c Spacer 33 Supply cylinder 34 Belt 35 Flow path switching valve 37 Actuator 38 Guide rod 39 Slide Plate 40 Lifting Mechanism 41 Guide Pipe 42 Lifting Rod 43 Air Cylinder 44 Engaging Member 45 Lifting Block 46 Air Chuck 47 Driven P -48 servo motor 49 drive pulley 50 timing belt 51 position detection pin 52 sensor 54 upper frame 55 output shaft 56 connecting member 57 guide rod 58 base plate 59 backup roller 60 sizing roller 61 slide arm 62 slide box 63 hydraulic cylinder 64 fine adjustment mechanism 65 Slide box 66 Swing arm 67 Hydraulic cylinder 68 Spring 69 Opening angle adjustment bolt 70 Feed bolt 71 Servo motor A Reference position detection mechanism B Base C Cam (camshaft component) S Shaft body

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method of manufacturing a camshaft, wherein a shaft main body is press-fitted into a camshaft constituent element formed separately from the shaft main body, thereby assembling and fixing the camshaft constituent element at a predetermined position of the shaft main body. In advance, a plurality of camshaft constituent element fixing means for gripping and fixing the camshaft constituent elements on the index table are set to predetermined gripping heights corresponding to the cam fixing positions of the shaft body. Install the spacer to insert into the shaft body, and apply the concavo-convex process by rolling at the cam fixing position of the shaft body, and then press fit the shaft body into the gripped and fixed camshaft component for a certain distance. The camshaft is characterized in that the camshaft constituent elements are press-fitted and fixed to the concave-convex processed portion. Manufacturing method. 2. The method of manufacturing a camshaft according to claim 1, wherein the camshaft constituent element is a cam, or a cylindrical sleeve for a journal which is mounted between the cams as required. 3. A camshaft according to claim 1, wherein the shaft main body is press-fitted into a camshaft constituent element formed separately from the shaft main body to assemble and fix the camshaft constituent element at a predetermined position of the shaft main body. A manufacturing apparatus, comprising: a camshaft constituent element fixing means for gripping and fixing the camshaft constituent element; a conveying means for intermittently conveying the camshaft constituent element to an assembling position with the shaft body; Guide means that is provided so that it can be inserted into the camshaft constituent element fixed by the camshaft constituent element fixing means and that is engaged with and disengaged from one end portion of the shaft body, and is arranged to face the guide means at a predetermined interval. Gripping means for gripping the other end of the shaft main body, and the gripping means Pressing means for inserting the shaft body into the camshaft component by moving the shaft body toward the shaft component fixing means by a certain distance; rotation drive means for giving the shaft body rotation about its axis; Plastic working means provided on the main body so as to be able to come into contact with and separate from the main body in a direction orthogonal to the axis thereof, and to perform uneven processing on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft main body along the circumferential direction; and the plastic working means in the longitudinal direction of the shaft main body. A pair of clamps radially arranged on the index table, wherein the conveying means comprises an index table that rotates intermittently, and the moving means relatively moves along the index table. A plurality of cylinders for gripping the camshaft component by a piece, each cylinder and the index table. And a plurality of spacers for respectively setting a gripping fixed height position of the gripped camshaft constituent element with respect to the index table, the rotation driving means comprising: A servo motor capable of determining the rotation angle of the main body and a reference position detection mechanism that detects a reference position around the shaft of the shaft body, and the moving means is a feed bolt screwed to the plastic working means. A control means which is composed of a servo motor for rotating the feed bolt, and which controls both servo motors to perform an operation of indexing a rotation angle of the shaft body and a movement operation of the plastic working means along the shaft body. An apparatus for manufacturing a camshaft, comprising: 4. The camshaft manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the camshaft constituent element is a cam or a cylindrical sleeve for a journal which is mounted between the cams as required.