JPH0988046A - Method for exchanging pipe groove and excavator therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To have an advantage in which laying of a pipe groove is easy even if it is a long distance by having relatively simple device structure and high efficiency of laying of a newly constructed pipe groove and reducing excavation resistance. SOLUTION: In regard to an excavator 1 a front end face and a rear end face are made substantially an opening, a communication space P communication through a front end opening face to a rear end opening face is formed, and the outer circumstance is provided with a cylinder ring cutter 1 made rotatable by a rotation driving device 12 provided in the inside. The circumference of an already constructed pipe groove 2 is excavated in the form of a ring, part of the already constructed pipe groove 2 is excavated as broken in the form of a strip along a pipe axis, and the already constructed pipe groove 2 is inserted in the inside of a newly constructed pipe groove 3.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of exchanging pipes for crushing an existing pipe laid in the ground and laying a large-sized new pipe or the like on substantially the same pipeline, and a method for excavating the pipe. Regarding the device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, particularly in urban areas, maintenance of lifelines has been progressing, including a sewerage business. On the other hand, however, deterioration of pipes installed in the past and lack of pipe capacity are becoming a problem, and replacement of pipes is desired.

[0003] When replacing the laying, it is easiest and cheapest to lay a new culvert one size larger by an open-cutting method while keeping the existing culvert and keeping the route different. However, in urban areas, it is difficult to secure land for laying new sewers, and there are problems of securing road traffic and problems of underground buried objects that are complicated in the underground space. However, it is becoming increasingly difficult to secure routes for new sewers.

[0004] In order to solve such a problem at once, a method of laying a new culvert has been considered as a culvert replacement method, a refresh shield method, a replacement propulsion method and the like. It is. According to this method, the existing sewer is cut and crushed by a shield machine, and the new sewer is followed from the rear. A new size sewer will be laid.

An example of the pipe conduit replacement construction method will be introduced with reference to FIG. 8. The example shown in FIG. 8 is a construction called a fresh shield construction method, in which a cutter head 51 having an opening in the center and a hollow portion thereof are provided. With the shield machine 50 having the directional control support device (guide device) 52, the new pipe 53 is laid behind the shield machine 50 while excavating and removing the existing pipe 54 and the surrounding ground. In this case, the excavation force of the shield machine 50 is given through the new pipe 53 by an unillustrated source push jack placed at the base end (vertical shaft) of the new pipe 53. In addition, by flowing downflow water such as sewage through a pipe provided through the center of the cutter head 51, it is possible to perform hot-line construction while using the current culvert. The excavation slide is carried to the outside of the mine through the belt conveyor 55 and the like.

[0006]

However, the excavation capacity of the shield machine is not limited to the cutter head 51.
The drilling speed is about 20 mm / min, and the drilling efficiency is very poor because the drilling is performed while rotating the drill at about 9 rpm. Further, since the cutter head has a low rotation speed, there is a problem in that, when sleepers, wood chips, etc. are present, they cannot be crushed. In any case, in the case of the existing sewer replacement method, it is basically to excavate while completely destroying the existing sewer, and at the same time, excavation waste is discharged by a predetermined discharge mechanism. Most of them have low excavation efficiency.

Further, the shield machine used in this type of construction method has a complicated device mechanism and is expensive, and together with the low excavation efficiency, the construction cost is significantly higher than that of the open excavation method. In addition, as the excavation lengthens, an excessive load is imposed on the main pushing jack due to the secondary crushing resistance of the excavated shear and the resistance of the shearing of the excavated shear to the periphery of the skin plate. Therefore, it is not suitable for long-distance excavation, and has a problem that a high jacking capability is required to realize long-distance excavation.

Therefore, a main object of the present invention relates to a pipe ditch replacement method in which an existing pipe ditch is cut and crushed to lay a new pipe ditch, which has a relatively simple device structure and is improved by improving the excavation efficiency. High efficiency of pipe laying, ease of pipe laying even for long distances due to reduction of excavation resistance, and a small amount of foreign matter existing around existing pipes. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for exchanging a conduit and an apparatus for excavating the same, which is advantageous in that the excavation can be carried out without being cut.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a substantially identical pipe by digging an existing pipe pit while crushing it by a digging device and allowing a new pipe pit to follow the digging device. In the pipe conduit replacement method of laying a new pipe conduit on the road, the excavation device has a front end surface and a rear end surface that are substantially open, and a communication space that passes through the front end opening surface and passes through the rear end opening surface is formed, and the outer circumference Equipped with a cylindrical ring cutter that can be freely rotated by an internal rotation drive device, excavates the outer circumference of the existing pipe conduit in a ring shape, and forms a part of the existing pipe conduit along the pipe axis. It is characterized in that the existing pipe is taken into the inside of the new pipe while being crushed into pieces or after being crushed beforehand.

In this case, prior to the excavation of the excavation device, by running the advanced cutter device inside the existing pipe, at least two or more strips are formed on the peripheral wall portion along the axial direction of the existing pipe. It is desirable to form a slit groove reaching the middle of the tube wall or the outer surface of the tube wall.

Further, an internal cutter which is discontinuous in the circumferential direction is provided along the inner wall surface of the ring cutter so as to secondarily crush the earth and sand existing between the existing pipe ditch and the ring cutter, and to excavate the excavation gap. It is desirable to induce discharge into the culvert. Furthermore, by arranging the internal cutters in a spiral shape, it is possible to efficiently guide the discharge of excavation shear.

[0012] Depending on the geology of the surrounding ground, if, for example, the collapse of earth and sand is feared when the ceiling part of the existing pipe is cut off beforehand, the slit groove is formed up to the middle of the pipe wall. It is preferable that the inner cutter cuts and removes the outer peripheral side portion of the pipe wall to the bottom position of the slit groove.

Next, a second aspect of the present invention is to replace a pipe for laying a new pipe under substantially the same pipe line by crushing the existing pipe under the action of a digging device and advancing the new pipe after the digging device. In the method, the excavation device has a front end surface and a rear end surface that are substantially open, a communication space that passes through the front end opening surface and passes through the rear end opening surface is formed, and an outer peripheral portion is provided with a rotary drive device provided therein. Equipped with a cylindrical ring cutter that is rotatable, while excavating the outer circumference of the existing pipe conduit in a ring shape, it excavates while crushing so as to crush a part or all of the existing pipe conduit, and the existing pipe conduit The feature is that it is taken into the inside of the new pipe.

On the other hand, in the excavation device used in the pipe ditch exchange method, the front end face and the rear end face are substantially opened, and a communication space is formed through the front end open face and the rear end open face, and It is characterized in that the outer peripheral portion is provided with a cylindrical ring cutter that is rotatable by an internal rotation driving device.

In this case, in the case of the excavation device used in the first invention, it is desirable to provide a discontinuous inner cutter along the inner wall surface of the ring cutter in the circumferential direction, and the inner cutter is spirally wound. It is still desirable to arrange them in a shape.

In the case of the excavation device used in the second aspect of the present invention, preferably, the ring cutter is provided with a wedge-shaped pushing guide and is provided with a pushing crush roller.

In the first aspect of the present invention, the excavation device used has a front end surface and a rear end surface that are substantially open, and a communication space that passes through the front end opening surface and passes through the rear end opening surface is formed.

Therefore, the existing conduit is taken in through this communication space. Paradoxically, in the first aspect of the present invention, the principle is that most of the existing pipe is taken into the new pipe without completely crushing and removing the existing pipe. Therefore, since the crushed portion is small, it does not take much time to crush the existing pipe, so that efficient excavation is realized. The strip-shaped crushed portion is used as a space through which the driving force transmission structure portion of the ring cutter rotary drive device provided therein passes.

On the other hand, the main excavation device is provided with a cylindrical ring cutter on the outer peripheral portion, which is rotatable by an internal rotary drive device. The outer diameter of this ring cutter is preferably the same as the outer diameter of the newly installed sewer. The ring cutter can be rotated at a higher speed than the conventional shield excavator, and all types of objects existing around the existing sewer, such as foundation concrete, sleepers, steel materials, crushed stone, rubble stone, etc., should be asked. Instead, it is cut into a ring shape to form a space for press-fitting the new sewer. Therefore, since the newly constructed sewer is inserted into the space already excavated in a ring shape, the friction between the newly constructed sewer and the surrounding area is small, and the increase in excavation resistance due to press-fitting of excavated shear is small. However, even long distances can be easily dug.

In this case, a discontinuous and spiral inner cutter is preferably provided in the circumferential direction along the inner wall surface of the ring cutter to secondarily crush the earth and sand interposed between the existing pipe conduit and the ring cutter. At the same time, by guiding the excavation sludge into the existing pipe, the progress of the excavation device will be facilitated, and at the completion of the installation of the new pipe, the existing pipe will be loosely fitted in the new pipe. , It will be easy to pull out and remove the existing conduit. If the excavation shear remains between the existing sewer and the new sewer, the friction between the press-fit excavation shear and the existing sewer is large, and the existing sewer after the new sewer is installed. There is a strong possibility that it will be difficult to pull out and remove.

On the other hand, prior to the excavation of the excavation device, at least two or more slit grooves are formed in the peripheral wall portion of the existing pipe under the axial direction of the existing pipe by using the advanced cutter device. Facilitates crushing a part of the pipe into strips. Although it is not essential to form the slit groove with the advanced cutter, it is decided whether or not to use the advanced cutter, taking into consideration the material, the wall thickness, the reinforcing bar arrangement state, etc. of the existing pipe.

Next, in the case of the second invention, the crushing mode of the existing pipe is different from that of the first invention, but other configurations are the same, and substantially the same action and effect are exhibited. .

[0023]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, a detailed form of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a new pipe is installed by the excavation device 1 according to the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 2 is a view taken along the line II-II of FIG. The excavation device 1 according to the present invention is
A cylindrical casing 10 mainly having a circular cross section, a similarly cylindrical ring cutter 11 provided outside the cylindrical casing 10 in an externally fitted state, and the cylindrical casing 10
Drive device 12 for ring cutter 11 installed inside
Composed of and. In addition, as a whole structure, the front end surface and the rear end surface are substantially opened, and a communication space P passing through the front end opening surface and passing through the rear end opening surface is formed. In the communication space P, the existing pipe 2 and excavation slide are formed. It is captured. In addition,
Throughout this specification, the excavation direction side will be referred to as the tip or front surface side, and the excavation direction base end side will be referred to as the rear end or the rear surface side.

An outline of the excavation device 1 according to the present invention is as follows: by rotating the ring cutter 11 corresponding to the outer pipe part of the excavation device 1, the outer circumference of the new pipe 3 is excavated in a ring shape, and the existing pipe. A point in which only a part of the culvert 2 in the circumferential direction is crushed along the pipe axis direction, that is, in a band shape, and the rotation driving force of the rotary driving device 12 is transmitted to the ring cutter 11 using the space of the band crushing section. And digging device 1
Among them, in other words, the feature is that the existing pipe and the excavation gap are taken into the new pipe 3.

The following is a detailed description of the main excavation device 1.
The cylindrical casing 10 is a cylindrical body having substantially the same diameter with the front end surface and the rear end surface being substantially open, and the outer surface of the existing culvert 2 taken into the cylindrical casing 10 at the front end in the excavation direction. Is provided with a propulsion guide 13 for propelling the excavating device 1 along the existing sewer 2 with the guide pipe serving as a guide surface, and a new pipe for the front end of the new sewer 3 to be engaged in abutting state at the rearmost end. An engaging portion 14 is provided, and a seal mounting base 15 is fixedly provided adjacent to a distal end side of the new tube engaging portion 14. Then, the tip side mechanical seal 16 fitted to the propulsion guide 13 and the rear end side mechanical seal 17 fixed to the seal mounting base 15 come into contact with the inner surface of the ring cutter 11 fitted externally,
The portion is hermetically sealed. Further, inside each of the front side mechanical seal 16 and the rear side mechanical seal 17, a bearing device 1 in which conical rollers are arranged in parallel across the cylindrical casing 10 and the ring cutter 11.
8 and 19 are provided to support the rotating ring cutter 11.

On the other hand, as the rotary drive device 12, for example, a high torque type hydraulic motor can be preferably used, and is fixed to a drive device mounting bracket 10a extending inward from the inner wall of the cylindrical casing 10. The driving gear 21 is fixed to the driving shaft 12a, the driving gear 21 meshes with the intermediate gear 22, and the intermediate gear 22 meshes with the meshing teeth 11a formed on the inner surface of the ring cutter 11. are doing. Therefore, the rotational force applied by the rotary drive device 12 is applied to the intermediate gear 2
It is transmitted to the ring cutter 11 via 2 and the ring cutter 11 rotates. The drive transmission structure A described above is surrounded by a protective case 20 so that excavation debris and the like do not enter. A belt-shaped crushed portion of the existing sewer 2 is provided on the front side of the drive transmission structure A. A push plate 25 is provided for pushing down the rotary drive device 12 to form a space for the drive transmission structure A to advance with respect to the existing pipe 2.

On the other hand, a drill bit 23 is provided at the most distal end of the ring cutter 11, and the circumference of the existing pipe 2 is excavated in a ring shape with the same diameter as the outer surface of the new pipe 3. In order to cut not only concrete, sleepers, crushed stones, etc. cast as a foundation but also cobblestones and various steel materials existing underground around the existing pipe 2, tungsten carbide steel chips or It is desirable to employ a drill bit such as a diamond tip. A ring cutter 1 is provided slightly behind the drill bit 23.
An internal cutter 24 is provided along the inner wall surface of the main body plate.

The internal cutter 24 cuts off the pipe wall outer surface side of the existing pipe 2 in order to remove the uncut portion of the existing pipe 2 by the advanced cutter 4 which will be described later. By the cutting by the cutter 24, the slit groove formed in advance reaches the outer surface of the pipe wall as a result, and the strip-shaped portion in which the slit groove is formed can be easily removed. Then, the band-shaped cut portion is pushed downward by the pushing plate 25 to form a space for the drive transmission structure A to move.

Further, it is desirable that the inner cutters 24 are preferably discontinuous and spirally arranged as shown in the drawing. As a result, the existing conduit 2 and ring cutter 11
Scrape up the excavation gap existing in the gap space between
From the strip-shaped opening formed in the existing pipe 2 to the existing pipe 2
To be discharged inside.

In the present example, the strip-shaped cut portion is formed on the ceiling portion of the existing pipe 2, but it may be formed at any position such as the lower side or the side portion.

On the other hand, in the main excavation device 1, thrust for excavation is given from the original push jack installed in the vertical shaft through the new pipe 3. The tip of the new pipe 3 is in contact with the new pipe engaging portion 14 at the rear end of the cylindrical casing 10, and the excavation device 1 is press-fitted in the excavation direction. As the material of the new culvert 3, any of a steel pipe and a concrete pipe can be used, but a steel pipe having a small thickness is used.
A structure in which this is lined with a resin material is superior in that the tube cross section can be effectively used.

By the way, in the present invention, when laying a new pipe, instead of crushing and removing the entire existing pipe 2 as in the conventional case, a part of the peripheral wall is cut along the pipe axis as described above. Cut and remove into strips. In order to facilitate this band-shaped cutting, it is preferable to use the advanced cutter device 4 shown in FIGS. 3 and 6 to cut two slit-shaped grooves up to the middle position of the wall thickness of the pipe wall in advance. Alternatively, a part of the existing pipe 2 may be cut and removed in a band shape prior to the progress of the main excavation.

The advanced cutter device 4 has a hydraulic cylinder in which one end is pivotally supported by a shaft 35 and the other end is vertically arranged on a traveling base 30 having a proper number of traveling rollers 31, 31, ... A tilting table 32 supported by 33 is provided, and a cutter device 34 having a pair of disk cutters 35, 35 rotationally driven by a hydraulic motor is mounted on the tilting table 32.
The cutter device 34 is swung by the expansion and contraction operation of the disc 3, and the disc cutters 35, 35 are movable in the vertical direction. If two slit grooves are to be formed on the upper surface side of the existing pipe 2 along the pipe axis, as shown in FIG. 4, the disc cutter may reach the middle position of the wall thickness of the existing pipe 2. The advanced cutter device 4 is made to travel with the edge of 35 being entered. Further, when a part of the pipe wall of the existing pipe 2 is cut into a strip with a certain width, the advanced cutter is inserted with the edge of the disc cutter 35 up to the outer surface position of the wall thickness of the existing pipe 2. The device 4 is run. In this case, the traveling of the advanced cutter device 4 is performed by the traveling roller 3
Although not shown in the figure, it may be driven by a motor so as to be self-propelled.
It may be pulled by 6.

By the way, when the excavation device is made to travel after the part of the existing pipe 2 is cut and removed in advance, the excavation device 5 shown in FIG. 5 is used. The excavation device 5 shown in the figure has the same basic structure as that shown in FIG. 1, but since it is not necessary to remove the pipe wall of the existing pipe 2 by cutting, the inner tip of the internal cutter 37 is already installed. It differs in that it stops at the outer surface of the pipe 2. Another difference is that the types of the bearing devices 38 and 39 arranged between the cylindrical casing 42 and the ring cutter 41 are different, and the rotary drive device 43 is different.
The driving gear 40 and the meshing teeth 41a formed on the inner surface of the ring cutter 41 directly mesh with each other without an intermediate gear.
All the differences other than 7 are slight differences in design.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
It will be described in detail based on. In the excavation mode of the second embodiment, the existing pipe 2 is crushed by the excavation device 6 while the new pipe 3 is installed.
It is taken in and the new pipe 3 is laid. The excavation device 6 does not have an internal cutter on the inner surface side of the ring cutter 46 and excavates the immediately outer peripheral side of the existing pipe 2 in a ring shape, and provides a wedge-shaped pushing guide 43 on the tip side of the cylindrical casing 45. At the same time, the push-in collapse rollers 44a to 44c of the drive transmission structure A are provided, and the existing pipe 2 is swallowed while being crushed as the excavation device 6 advances. Also in this case, as in the case of the first embodiment, the advanced cutter device 4 is caused to travel in advance prior to the excavation of the excavation device 6 so that a part of the existing pipe 2 is easily broken,
By forming one or more slit grooves, preferably a plurality of slit grooves at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction, the crushing can be performed more smoothly.

In the illustrated example, the entire existing pipe 2 is crushed and destroyed, but of course, only the passing portion of the drive transmission structure A may be crushed. In this case, it suffices that the drive transmission structure A and the crushed portion match each other, and the crushed portion is not limited to the ceiling and may be any portion such as the lower side or the side portion.

In the case of such a crushed type excavation mode,
In particular, in the existing concrete pipe in which the reinforcing bars are interposed, the reinforcing bars are also crushed together, so that it is easy to remove the existing scraps of the existing pipes after laying the new pipes 3.

[0038]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, a relatively simple device structure is sufficient, so that the manufacturing cost of the device is low. In addition, the principle is that most of the existing pipe is not completely crushed and removed, but most of it is taken into the new pipe, so the crushed part can be reduced and the excavation efficiency can be improved. Also, since the ring cutter is used to excavate in a ring shape and the new pipe is pressed into the excavated portion, it is easy to lay the new pipe even for a long distance due to the reduction of excavation resistance. This has advantages such as being able to excavate regardless of the type of foreign matter existing around the existing pipe and being unaffected by the foreign matter.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a first example of a digging device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view taken along the line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side view of an advanced cutter device.

FIG. 4 is a view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a second example of the excavation device according to the present invention.

6 is a view taken along the line VI-VI of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view of a second example of the excavation device according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a conventional pipe conduit replacement method.

[Explanation of symbols]

1/5/6 ... excavation device, 2 ... existing pipe, 3 ... new pipe,
4 ... Advanced cutter device, 10.42.45 ... Cylindrical casing, 11.41.46 ... Ring cutter, 12 ... Rotation drive device, 13 ... Propulsion guide, 14 ... New pipe engaging part, 16
・ 17 ... Mechanical seal, 18 ・ 19 ... Bearing device, 2
3 ... Drilling bit, 24 ... Internal cutter, 25 ... Pushing plate, 30 ... Traveling base, 31 ... Traveling roller, 32 ... Tilt base, 35 ... Disc cutter, 43 ... Pushing guide,
44a to 44c ... Push-in crush roller

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A method for exchanging a pipe for smashing an existing pipe with a digging device while crushing the existing pipe, and arranging the pipe for the new pipe to follow the digging device. The device has a front end surface and a rear end surface that are substantially open, a communication space that passes through the front end opening surface and passes through the rear end opening surface is formed, and is rotatably mounted on the outer peripheral portion by an internal rotation drive device. It is equipped with a cylindrical ring cutter, and excavates the outer circumference of the existing conduit to form a ring, while crushing a part of the existing conduit along the pipe axis into strips or after crushing in advance and then excavating the existing conduit. A method for replacing a pipe, characterized in that the pipe is taken into the inside of a new pipe. 2. Prior to the excavation of the excavation device, by running an advanced cutter device inside the existing pipe, at least two or more pipe walls are formed in the peripheral wall portion along the axial direction of the existing pipe. The pipe conduit replacement method according to claim 1, wherein a slit groove is formed which reaches the middle or outer surface of the pipe wall. 3. An internal cutter that is discontinuous in the circumferential direction along an inner wall surface of the ring cutter, and secondary crushes earth and sand interposed between the existing sewer and the ring cutter.
The pipe conduit replacement method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the drilling waste is guided to be discharged into the existing pipe conduit. 4. The pipe conduit replacement method according to claim 3, wherein the internal cutters are arranged in a spiral shape. 5. When the slit groove according to claim 2 is formed up to the middle of the pipe wall, the inner cutter cuts and removes the outer peripheral side portion of the pipe wall to the bottom position of the slit groove. How to replace the described conduit. 6. A method of exchanging a pipe for digging an existing pipe under the condition of crushing an existing pipe under the influence of a digging device and arranging a new pipe under the digging device so as to follow the new pipe. The device has a front end surface and a rear end surface that are substantially open, a communication space that passes through the front end opening surface and passes through the rear end opening surface is formed, and is rotatably mounted on the outer peripheral portion by an internal rotation drive device. Equipped with a cylindrical ring cutter, while excavating the outer circumference of the existing pipe conduit in a ring shape, digging while crushing so as to crush a part or all of the existing pipe conduit,
A method for exchanging a pipe, wherein the existing pipe is taken into the new pipe. 7. A front end surface and a rear end surface are substantially opened to form a communication space passing through the front end opening surface and passing through the rear end opening surface, and the outer peripheral portion is rotatable by an internal rotation drive device. An excavation device having a cylindrical ring cutter. 8. The excavation device according to claim 7, further comprising an internal cutter discontinuous in the circumferential direction along the inner wall surface of the ring cutter. 9. The excavation device according to claim 8, wherein the internal cutters are arranged in a spiral shape. 10. The excavation device according to claim 7, wherein a wedge-shaped pushing guide is provided inside the ring cutter, and a pushing crush roller is provided.