JPH0988038A - Greening method and flexible revetment material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To cover and protect a slope of a revetment body or a low water level bed of a river and positively accelerate greening at the water front by vegetation and efficiently construct a channel and revetment with many natural elements creating inhabitable circumstances of aquatic animals and plants and purifying functions of water quality. SOLUTION: Flexible revetment materials A filled with a mixture of stones 2, soil 3 for cultivation of plants, seeds 4 of plants, stalks and leaves 5a, stumps 5b, etc., in a cylindrical bag body 1 are laid on a bank of a river or the like. The cylindrical bag body has a double-structure and the external bag body 1A has a large tensile strength and a structure made of large mesh cloth constituted of durable fiber. The internal bag body 1B has such a fine mesh cloth structure, poor in the durability, that soil 3 for cultivation of plants, seeds 4 of plants, stalks and leaves 5a, stumps 5b, etc., do not flow out. And the meshes are widened in such an extent that the cultivation of plants is not hindered by corrosion of fiber and friction of meshes or the like.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a revegetation method for vegetation protection along riversides such as rivers, lakes and marshes, regulating ponds (for example, slopes of levee bodies, low water level of rivers, etc.) and its use. It relates to a flexible revetment material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, stone lining method, concrete upholstery block method, method frame method, block mat method, cloth form mortar pouring method, snake, etc. Many construction methods have been used, such as basketwork. However, due to the excessive importance of safety against floods and easiness of maintenance, it may damage the natural environment and the natural environment of animals and plants, such as rivers and lakes, as represented by the three-sided canal. Has become.

For this reason, in recent years, in addition to protecting and protecting slopes, active greening at the water's edge by vegetation creates a habitat environment for aquatic plants and animals and a multi-natural waterway with a water purification function. Various attempts have been made to construct revetments.

One of the typical construction methods is to lay flexible revetment material in which a nylon fiber bag is densely packed with coconut fibers inside rivers, lakes and ponds. Then, while using this as a growth base for aquatic plants, plants that have been sufficiently grown in the field are planted on the above-mentioned flexible revetment material, thereby planting waterside and restoring / restoring the ecosystem. It is a construction method.

[0005]

In the above-mentioned conventional greening method, a great deal of labor is required for the maintenance and transportation of the plant to be planted, and the plant is planted on a flexible seawall at the construction site. The workability is poor. Moreover, since it is a flexible revetment material in which a tubular bag body is filled with coconut fiber, it has a small specific gravity, and it is difficult to fix the flexible revetment material at the riverbank of rapids or sandy soil. It is necessary to use it in combination with a stone net-filled revetment material that is a nylon net filled with stones, and two types of revetment material are prepared and combined, which makes construction extremely troublesome. In addition, when the flexible seawall and the serpentine-shaped seawall are alternately laid, the serpentine-shaped seawall has no vegetation and is striped green.
It gives an unnatural impression.

The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art as described above, and protects the slopes of dike bodies and low water level spreads of rivers and protects them from vegetation at the water's edge. Providing a revegetation method that enables efficient construction of multi-natural waterways and revetments that create a habitat for aquatic plants and animals and purify water quality by providing greening, and a flexible revetment material that can be suitably used The purpose is to do.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The technical means taken by the present invention to solve the above problems are as follows. That is, the greening method according to claim 1 is a flexible revetment material in which a mixture of stones, soil for growing plants, plant seeds, foliage, roots, etc. is filled inside a tubular bag. The river,
It is characterized by being laid on the shore of lakes, regulating ponds, etc.

In the greening method according to claim 1,
When laying flexible revetment materials on the shore of rivers, lakes, ponds, etc., one or more flexible revetment materials may be laid directly on the shore, or in advance. The base revetment material may be laid on the base material, and the flexible revetment material may be attached thereto. However, as in the greening method according to claim 2, the flexible revetment material is provided in a plurality of rows through the base fabric. It is desirable to use the revetment material unit integrally arranged in order to further improve the workability.

The flexible revetment material according to claim 3 can be obtained by filling a mixture of stones, soil for growing plants, plant seeds, foliage, roots, etc. in a tubular bag. A flexible revetment material, wherein the tubular bag body has a double structure composed of an outer bag body and an inner bag body, and the outer bag body is composed of fibers having high tensile strength and high durability. It is made of cloth, the cloth texture is set to a size that can hold the stone and does not hinder the growth of plants, and the inner bag body is made of cloth having poor durability, The fabric texture is set to a size that can prevent the outflow of soil for plant growth, plant seeds, foliage, root stocks, etc., and the fabric texture does not hinder plant growth due to fiber corrosion, misalignment, etc. It is characterized in that it is configured to expand.

Stones to be filled in the tubular bag body of the flexible revetment material are crushed stone and gravel. As soil for plant growth, bark compost, artificial soil such as peat moss, horticultural soil made from incinerated ash, on-site soil, etc., or a mixture of them with a water purification agent such as fertilizer or activated carbon is arbitrarily selected. Then used. Examples of plant seeds include Kentucky 3
Among the plant seeds such as 1 fescue, bermudagrass, and reed canary grass, weasel, etc. are used as woody seeds, and sperm, spores, etc.
Reed, weasel, willow, etc. are used.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show an example of a greening method according to the present invention. In this greening method, inside the tubular bag 1, stones with a particle size of 50 to 70 mm (crushed stone is used, but gravel may be used) 2, bark compost, artificial soil such as peat moss, and incineration. Soil for plant growth, which is used by arbitrarily selecting from horticultural soil made from ash, soil generated at the site, or a mixture of these with water purification agents such as fertilizer or activated carbon.
And plant seeds 4, foliage 5a, roots 5b, etc. (plant seeds,
It means that there may be three types of stems and leaves and roots, and any one or two of them may be used. As plant seeds, for example, Kentucky 31 fescue, Bermudagrass, reed canary grass, and the like, among plant seeds, weasel, etc. are used as woody seeds, and as germinated foliage or roots, seri, reed, weasel,
Willow etc. are used. ) A flexible revetment material A filled with a mixture with) is laid on the slope of the bank 6 which is an example of the shore of rivers, lakes, regulating ponds, etc., and the slope of the bank 6 is covered and protected. In addition, by using the soil for plant growth 3 as a medium, the plant seeds 4, foliage 5a, roots 5b, etc. are germinated and rooted to grow, thereby actively greening the water at the water's edge by vegetation, and aquatic plants and animals. It will build a multi-natural waterway and revetment with the function of creating a living environment and purifying water quality.
The composition of the mixture to be filled in the tubular bag 1 can be arbitrarily adjusted depending on the installation location, river water level, weather conditions, and the like.

The length of the tubular bag 1 may be set arbitrarily within a range of 2 to 10 m and a bag diameter of 10 to 30 cm, but the length is considered in consideration of truck transportation and small transportation on site. 4m,
The bag diameter is preferably about 15 cm.

According to this greening method, a tubular bag 1 is filled with a mixture of stones 2, soil 3 for growing plants, plant seeds 4, foliage 5a, roots 5b, etc. Since the flexible revetment material A is used, the flexible revetment material A can be laid not only in a curved state according to the terrain such as a slope but also due to the weight of the stone 2 which is an aggregate of the filling material. Can be laid stably.

Therefore, the flexible revetment material A can be easily fixed even on a place where water flows or on the bank of sandy soil, and if necessary depending on the angle of the slope, as shown in FIG.
The piles 7 may be used to supplementally fix the places.

The tubular bag 1 is woven in a fine mesh between the lattice-shaped reinforcing strips made of fibers having high tensile strength and high durability, and the lattices of the reinforcing strips are woven into the tubular bag 1 with the passage of time. It is also possible to form a single cloth in which only the reinforcing band remains due to corrosion or dissolution, but in this embodiment, the outer bag body 1A and the inner bag body 1B as shown in FIG.
The tubular bag 1 having a double structure composed of and is used.

The outer bag 1A bears a load acting on the construction such as holding the stone 2 and suspending the flexible revetment A, and strength required for water control. High and durable fibers (eg nylon, polyester,
The core material is aramid, carbon, glass, polyacetal resin, or the like, and the core material is made of a fiber made of resin coated with PVC, acrylic resin, or the like, and the cloth texture can hold the stone. A size that does not hinder the growth of plants, that is, 10 to 5
It is set to about 0 mm (standard is 20 mm).

The inner bag 1B is intended to prevent the soil for growing plants and seeds from coming out during filling or during construction, and is a fiber having poor tensile strength that does not break during filling. (For example, filament long fibers such as nylon for reinforcement, spun yarn such as fluffy acrylic fibers for strengthening weather resistance and preventing soil outflow, and easily degradable cellulose for promoting misalignment, Suf fiber, a fabric made by mixing and weaving water-soluble fibers such as polyvinyl alcohol for expanding the texture), and the initial fabric texture is soil 3 for plant growth, plant seed 4, foliage 5a, root stock A size that can prevent the outflow of 5b (specifically, 0.1
It is set to ~ 2 mm). Then, in the state of being in contact with water, the mesh size is expanded with the passage of time to a size that does not hinder the growth of plants due to corrosion and dissolution of fibers, misalignment and the like. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, finally, the entire inner bag 1B is melted away and only the outer bag 1A remains.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 (A), when the flexible revetment material A is laid on the slope of the bank 6, the slope is formed by the flexible revetment material A. It is covered and protected, and erosion of the sloped surface soil is prevented. Further, since the flexible revetment material A also functions as a drainage channel, surface water on the slope can be quickly removed.

After a predetermined period of time elapses after the flexible revetment material A has been laid, the plant seeds 4, the foliage portions 5a, the root stocks 5b, etc. filled in the tubular bag body 1 are By absorbing rainwater and nutrients contained in the plant growth soil 3, germination and rooting are performed by using the plant growth soil 3 as a medium,
As a result of the growth of these plants, as shown in FIG. 4B, the slopes are greened, and the covered revetment of the bank 6 close to the natural landscape is constructed. Therefore, it is not necessary to bring the plant grown in the field to the construction site and plant it on the flexible revetment material.

The tubular bag 1 at the water's edge provides an optimal habitat environment for aquatic plants and animals, and also serves as a habitat for useful microorganisms involved in water purification, contributing to direct purification of rivers and the like. Moreover, since the flexible revetment material A can be stably laid by the weight of the stone 2 which is the aggregate of the filling of the tubular bag body 1, the effect of water control by the flexible revetment material A is also expected. it can.

The operation of filling the mixture into the tubular bag 1 is as follows.
For example, it is performed as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of cylindrical bags 1 are set on a pallet base 9 that can reciprocate in two directions perpendicular to each other in a horizontal plane with respect to the base 8 and fixed to the base 8. The guide pipe 11 of the filling machine 10 thus inserted is inserted into one tubular bag body 1 and gradually filled from the farthest end of the tubular bag body 1. Guide pipe 11
The pallets are removed in accordance with the filling speed by moving the pallet table 9 in the direction away from the filling machine 10. When the filling is completed, the pallet base 9 is laterally moved to fill the adjacent tubular bag 1 repeatedly in the same procedure,
The filling port of each tubular bag 1 is closed by means such as bonding, sewing and stapling.

This filling operation may be performed either in the factory or in the field. In any case, as described above, a mixture of small and lightweight particles such as plant seeds 4 to large and heavy stones 2 such as crushed stone and gravel is filled, so that the mixture supply hopper 12 is filled. It is difficult to fill with a general filling machine that carries powder and granules on compressed air sent from an equipped air compressor.

For this reason, the illustrated embodiment uses a filling machine 10 improved as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, a length formed between the guide pipe 11 and the main body of the filling machine 10 is an outer cylinder 13a having an inner diameter of 105 mm, which is the same as the inner diameter of the guide pipe 11, and an inner cylinder 13b having an inner diameter of 90 mm. 30-50 cm double cylinder 1
3, the outer cylinder 13a is provided with an inlet 15 for the compressed air sent from the air compressor 14, and the compressed air injected from the inlet 15 is connected to the outer periphery of the tip of the inner cylinder 13b and the guide pipe 11. It is jetted as a jet stream along the filling direction from the annular slit 16 formed between the base end and the jet stream, and by the Coanda effect due to the jet stream, the mixture sent in the inside of the inner cylinder 13b is sucked, and clogging of sediment is prevented. It is configured to prevent. In addition, as shown in the drawing, the vent 17 is formed in the outer cylinder 13a, and the outer cylinder 1
The above-mentioned Coanda effect is enhanced when the free air is taken in between the 3a and the inner cylinder 13b.

6 and 7 show another example of the greening method according to the present invention. In this greening method, a revetment material unit B in which the flexible revetment material A is integrally arranged in a plurality of rows via a base fabric 18 is produced, and the revetment material unit B is used for a river, a lake, a pond, or the like. The feature is that it is laid on the shore of. Base cloth 1
As 8, a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric, a resin sheet or the like can be arbitrarily adopted. Other configurations such as the configuration of the tubular bag body 1 and the mixture to be filled in the tubular bag body 1 are the same as those in the previous embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

According to this greening method, since the revetment material unit B in which a plurality of flexible revetment materials A are integrated by the base fabric 18 is used, when the flexible revetment materials A are laid one by one. Good workability in comparison. In addition, when the bank 7 is to be supplementarily fixed to the slope by using the pile 7, it is sufficient to drive the pile 7 into the base fabric 18, so that the flexible bank A is penetrated. And pile driving is easy.

Revetment material units B, B laid adjacent to each other
The base cloth 18 may be wrapped over an appropriate length, and the lap portion may be fixed by the pile 17 or may be connected by a dedicated fastener.

In each flexible revetment material A of the revetment material unit B, even if the mixture described in the previous embodiment is filled into the inside of the tubular bag body 1 thereof in a uniform distribution state. However, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, only the stones 2 such as crushed stones and gravel are filled in the portion X that is always submerged in the water below the low water level LWL, and the submerged portion is submerged in water due to the periodic fluctuation of the water level. Occasionally, a portion Y corresponding to a low water level LWL and a high water level HWL is filled with a stone 2, a soil 3 for growing a plant, and a foliage portion 5a or root stock 5b such as auction, reed, weasel, and willow. The portion Z located above the high water level HWL is filled with stones 2, soil 3 for growing plants, and plant seeds 4 such as Kentucky 31 fescue, bermudagrass, and reed canary grass.

As shown in FIG. 6, when hoisting the revetment material unit B sideways, a steel material 19a having a length corresponding to the revetment material unit B and a suspension for suspending and supporting a plurality of portions of the steel material 19a. It is desirable to use a traverser 19 consisting of a tool 19b.

As a revetment material unit B in which a plurality of flexible revetment materials A are integrated by a base cloth 18, as shown in FIG. 8, a flexible band 20 is provided at a predetermined position of the base cloth 18. The sex revetment material A may be tightened and fixed. As shown in FIG. 9, the required number of the tubular bags 1 are sewn to the base fabric 18 in advance, and the tubular bags 1 are provided with the above-mentioned inside. It may be configured by filling a mixture.

FIG. 10 shows another embodiment of the greening method according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the revetment material unit B is
It is characterized in that it has a continuous length from the bottom of the river to the slopes of the embankments 6 on both sides. The other configuration is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

In each of the above embodiments, when the flexible revetment material A and the revetment material unit B are laid on the shore, the laying direction (longitudinal direction) of the tubular bag body 1 should be along the inclined direction on the slope. When laying in a low water level laying, either parallel or perpendicular to the flow direction should be selected according to the purpose and regional characteristics.

11 to 14 exemplify how the flexible revetment material A and the revetment material unit B are laid. In the laying mode shown in FIG. 11, the slanted lower end portion of the tubular bag body 1 laid along the slope of the dam body 6 along the slanting direction is embedded in the riverbed, and the rooting member 21 such as boulders is embedded in the periphery thereof. The point is characteristic.
The laying mode shown in FIG. 12 is characterized in that the tubular bag body 1 is laid along the slope of the bank 6 along the inclination direction, and the tubular bag body 1 is laid on the riverbed in parallel with the flow direction. There is. When laying the tubular bag 1 on the riverbed in parallel with the flow direction,
As shown in FIG. 5, it is desirable that the tubular bag 1 is laid in such a manner that parts thereof overlap each other. In addition, when laying in a low water level laying where there is no water at all, the tubular bags 1 are laid at appropriate intervals (for example, 15 to 30 cm) and the soil for plant growth is placed between the tubular bags 1. 3 and plant seeds 4, foliage 5a,
The roots 5b and the like may be put in and the plant may be grown even in this part.

[0033]

According to the invention of claim 1, the flexibility obtained by filling a mixture of stones, soil for growing plants, plant seeds, foliage, roots, etc. in a tubular bag. Since the seawall is used, not only can it be laid in a curved state according to the terrain, but the weight of the stone, which is the aggregate of the filler, allows the flexible seawall to be laid stably and the location where there is water flow. The flexible revetment material can be easily fixed even on the banks of sandy soil, and it is not necessary to combine it with a snake basket-like one in which a nylon net is filled with stones. In addition, after the flexible revetment material has been laid and a predetermined period has passed, the plant seeds, foliage, roots, etc., which have been filled in the tubular bag, become the water of rivers and lakes, rainwater, soil for plant growth. By absorbing the contained nutrients and the like, germination and rooting are carried out using the soil for plant growth as a medium, and the growth of these plants results in the greening of slopes and watersides. Therefore, there is no need to bring a plant grown in the field to the construction site and plant it on a flexible revetment, and it is not necessary to combine it with a snake basket-like one with nylon net filled with stones. Therefore, it protects the slopes of dike bodies and low water level of rivers, etc., and actively greens the waterfront by vegetation to create a habitat environment for aquatic plants and animals and a multi-natural environment with water purification function. It is possible to efficiently construct a model waterway / bank protection.

In particular, according to the second aspect of the invention, since a plurality of rows of flexible revetment materials can be laid simultaneously, the workability is further improved.

In the flexible revetment material according to the third aspect of the present invention, the outer bag body bears a load acting during construction such as holding stones, suspending the flexible revetment material, and strength required for water control. However, the inner bag body prevents the soil and seeds for plant growth from coming out during filling or during construction, and yet, after the construction, since the cloth texture of the inner bag body expands, Does not interfere with plant growth. Therefore, it is most suitable for the above greening method.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration explanatory view showing an embodiment of a greening method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional side view of a main part.

FIG. 3 is a structural explanatory view of a tubular bag body forming a flexible bank protection material.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the operation of the above-mentioned greening method.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a main part configuration of a filling machine.

FIG. 6 is an overall configuration explanatory view showing another embodiment of the greening method according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional side view of a main part.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a structure of a seawall material unit.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of another revetment material unit.

FIG. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of essential parts showing another embodiment of a greening method according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional side view illustrating a laying mode of a flexible revetment material and a revetment material unit.

FIG. 12 is a vertical cross-sectional side view illustrating a laying mode of a flexible revetment material and a revetment material unit.

FIG. 13 is a plan view illustrating a laying mode of a flexible revetment material and a revetment material unit.

FIG. 14 is a vertical cross-sectional front view illustrating a laying mode of a flexible revetment material and a revetment material unit.

[Explanation of symbols]

A ... Flexible revetment material, B ... Revetment material unit, 1 ... Cylindrical bag, 1A ... Outer bag, 1B ... Inner bag, 2 ... Stone, 3 ... Plant growing soil, 4 ... Plant seed, 5a … Stems and leaves, 5b… Root stock.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Yai 2-22-15 Katsuradai, Aoba-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa (72) Inventor Hiroshi Komori 4-10-20 Tsurugaoka, Oi-cho, Iruma-gun, Saitama (72) Inventor Yasuaki Watanabe 6-3-11 Kamiimazumi, Ebina City, Kanagawa Prefecture (72) Inventor Mitsuo Taniguchi, 590 Takao, Tsuyama City, Okayama Prefecture 1 Nippon Vegetation Co., Ltd. (72) In Taira Fujishima, 590 Takao, Tsuyama City, Okayama Prefecture No. 1 within Nippon Vegetation Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A flexible revetment material prepared by filling a mixture of stones, soil for growing plants, plant seeds, foliage, root stocks, etc., inside a tubular bag, for preparing rivers, lakes and marshes. A greening method characterized by being laid on the shore of a pond. 2. The revegetation method according to claim 1, wherein a revetment material unit in which the flexible revetment material is integrally arranged in a plurality of rows via a base cloth is used. 3. A flexible revetment material obtained by filling a mixture of stones, soil for growing plants, plant seeds, foliage, root stocks, etc. inside a tubular bag, said tubular material The bag body has a double structure composed of an outer bag body and an inner bag body, and the outer bag body is made of a fabric composed of fibers having high tensile strength and high durability,
The cloth texture is set to a size that can hold the stones and does not hinder the growth of plants, and the inner bag is made of a cloth composed of fibers having poor durability. The size is set to prevent outflow of soil for plant growth, plant seeds, foliage, root stocks, etc., so that the texture of the fabric will expand to a size that does not interfere with plant growth due to fiber corrosion, misalignment, etc. Flexible revetment material characterized in that