JPH0981163A - Acoustic design and control method using index for easiness of sound listening based on acoustic feeling experiment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an acoustic design and a control method therefor to realize an indoor space where sound is acoustically easy to listen to, by using an acoustic physical index based on acoustic feeling experiment. SOLUTION: By simulating a space with various scales and/or different acoustic specifications, reproducing a picture and a field of the space with various scales and/or different various acoustic performances by an acoustic field simulation, determining easiness of listening in those acoustic fields by performing an acoustic feeling experiments, determining the relation between the optimum reverberation time and VPS (room capacity/room total surface area), or the optimum average acoustic absorptivity and VPS (room capacity/room total surface area) so as to obtain a space easiest to listen found as the result of the experiments, an optimum reverberation time or optimum average acoustic absorptivity is formed for an acoustic space exceeding the space space by desired 1000,0000(m<3> ), and judging whether or not this space can be achieved as an architectural specification, the room capacity or the room total surface area is altered based on restrictions on the acoustic performance of the interior finish, and the design is changed so as to give a desired VPS.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an acoustic design method using an acoustic physical index based on a listening experiment and a room volume of a target space in order to create a space in which sound is easily heard in a room space where transmission of acoustic information is important. And / or a control method performed by changing the total surface area of the chamber.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When designing a room space (hereinafter referred to as an acoustic space) where transmission of acoustic information is important, such as a concert hall, church, opera house, lecture hall, etc. The most suitable optimum reverberation time has been recommended, and acoustic design has been performed with the goal. FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the room volume [m ³ ] and the optimum optimum reverberation time [s] for each room application, which is generally accepted at present, obtained from the empirical rule of each researcher. The applicable range is
The chamber volume is about 100 to 100,000 [m ³ ].
In the diagram, A and B are concert halls, C and D are churches, E is an opera house, F is a conference room, and G is a room.
Is a lecture hall. Acoustic design has been performed by selecting the amount of sound absorbing interior material so as to satisfy the optimum optimum reverberation time thus obtained.

[0003]

However, since the room volume-optimum optimum reverberation time diagram shown in FIG. 3 assumes the scale of a church, a concert hall, an auditorium, it is 100,000 [m] like a dome. The acoustic design of a large volume room exceeding ³ ] is not considered, and is outside the range of the diagram. In this case, we have designed the acoustic so that the optimal reverberation time corresponding to the room volume can be obtained by extending the existing line segment outside the range, but the optimal reverberation time is uncertain. It was There is also a method of determining the design target value by referring to the example of the optimal reverberation time measurement rate in a large space that has been used.
The large space is not necessarily a proper acoustic space. Also,
There is no proof of the design policy of shortening the optimum reverberation time as much as possible.

Therefore, the present invention uses a computer to perform numerical analysis to simulate sound fields of various spaces having different scales and / or different acoustic specifications, and uses a sound field simulator to simulate spaces having different scales and / or different acoustic performances. By performing a listening experiment that seeks easiness of listening in those sound fields, finding an acoustic physical index that can obtain the most audible space from the results, and providing an acoustic design and control method using the index. To aim.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is required for a large space exceeding a chamber volume of 100,000 [m ³ ] which is out of the applicable range in the existing design method. In order to clarify the design index that optimizes the ease of listening, which is the performance, a sound field in a space with various scales and / or different acoustic specifications is simulated, and various scales and / or acoustic performances are measured using a sound field simulator. Of different spaces, and conducting a listening experiment to find the easiness of hearing in those sound fields.The acoustic design and the volume of the target space and the volume of the target space were calculated using the acoustic physical index that found the most audible space from the results. It is characterized by controlling the total surface area. Further, the physical index is defined as VPS−, which is a relationship between a value VPS determined by dividing the room volume of the design target space by the total room surface area and the optimum reverberation time T of the design target space.
It is characterized by using a VPS-α curve having a relationship with the T curve and / or the optimum average sound absorption coefficient α of the design target space. Further, when the control method uses one space for various purposes, according to the VPS-T curve,
It is characterized in that the volume of the target space and / or the total surface area of the chamber are changed by a movable ceiling system and / or a movable wall system.

By performing acoustic design and control using the VPS-T curve and / or VPS-α curve according to the present invention, even in a large space where the room volume exceeds 100,000 [m ³ ], "easy to hear" An acoustic space that maximizes the soundness is created. In addition, even for the contents and scales of various events performed in such a large space, by using a movable wall system and / or a movable ceiling system, VPS
An optimum acoustic space can be obtained by controlling the chamber volume and the total surface area of the target space according to the -T curve and / or the VPS-α curve.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of a sound design / control method using an index of audibility of sound based on a hearing test according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. First, the hearing experiment will be briefly described. Since the physical quantity for evaluating the superiority or inferiority of "easiness of hearing" has not been clarified yet, the sound "announcement" of different conditions is actually synthesized by digital signal processing and directly compared for listening.
This is one of the methods to evaluate the superiority or inferiority of. Specifically, first, the transfer function from the sound source to the sound receiving point when the room volume, the total surface area of the room, and the optimum reverberation time are changed as parameters is calculated by the virtual image method. The obtained transfer function is convoluted with a phrase of a female announcement without reverberation for about 30 seconds to create a stimulating sound (test sound) for each condition. The subject is made to hear this stimulus sound by the sound field simulator. What is a sound field simulator?
The reproduction system reproduces the physical characteristics of the listening position and the perceptual impression by radiating sounds corresponding to incidence from each direction from a plurality of speakers arranged so as to surround the listening position. The "easiness of listening" at this time was made to be answered in seven levels from 1 (very difficult to hear) to 7 (very easy to hear), and the average value of the responses of all the subjects was "easy to hear" for the stimulus sound. The evaluation result of

From the results of the hearing test, the "easiness of listening" varies depending on the VPS (room volume / room total surface area) even when the optimum reverberation time is set. From a statistical perspective, the mean free path 4V / S (V is the chamber volume, S is the total surface area of the chamber) is the average propagation distance until the next reflection of the reflected sound. This is because, from experience, it was assumed that the reflected sound density and the interval between the reflected sounds affect the “easiness of listening”. In addition, as the evaluation standard of “easiness of listening”, V described later is used.
PS-T curve and VPS-α curve are adopted, but VP
The ST curve is easy to intuitively judge from the relationship with the optimum optimum reverberation time which is generally used in the field of hall acoustics. On the other hand, the VPS-α curve facilitates the determination of the design target value of the optimum average sound absorption coefficient when selecting the interior finish of the building.

In the VPS-T curve, the horizontal axis represents VPS (room volume / total chamber surface area) [m] and the vertical axis represents the optimum reverberation time T [s]. On the other hand, the VPSs with the best "listening easiness" are obtained, and the plotted points are enveloped. The relationship between VPS and T can also be expressed by an equation (empirical formula) as shown in Equation 1. The VPS-α curve is obtained by converting the optimum reverberation time T of the VPS-T curve into the optimum average sound absorption coefficient α using the Eyring's reverberation equation shown in Formula 2, and from the equation of Formula 1. The equation is shown in Equation 3.

[0010]

[Equation 1]

[0011]

[Equation 2]

[0012]

(Equation 3)

FIG. 1 shows the VPS-T curve. The horizontal axis is the value of V / S obtained by dividing the chamber volume V by the total surface area S of the chamber VPS [m]
And the vertical axis represents the optimum reverberation time T [s]. In the figure,
“O” plot is a conventional implementation design example, a is a music arena, b is an event hall, c and d are large sports dome for professionals, and e and f are sports dome for citizens (when seats are empty). Here, the arena a is on the VPS-T curve, and the dome c is out of the curve. The positional relationship between these plots and the curve is such that the auditory perception of each acoustic space is different. It is assumed that this curve fits the actual situation and can be widely applied because it is consistent with the impression and the actual evaluation. "●"
The plot is an example of a large space building that uses a variable ceiling system, a variable wall system, and a seat moving system called a moving block for controlling a proper space scale according to the VPS-T curve, and g is an arena (5,000 people), h is the arena (20,000 people), i is the stadium (30.00
0) and the scale was changed according to the purpose. It should be noted that although the range where VPS exceeds 15 is not shown, as a result of the hearing test, it is often judged that it is difficult to hear when VPS exceeds 15, so VP
It was out of the applicable range of the ST curve.

FIG. 2 shows the VPS-α curve. Horizontal axis is VP
S [m], and the vertical axis represents the optimum average sound absorption coefficient α. In the figure, the "○" plot is a conventional design example, a'is a music arena, b'is an event hall, c'and d'is a large professional sports dome, and e'and f'are sports domes for citizens ( (When seats are empty). Like the VPS-T curve, it can be said that this curve fits the actual situation and is widely applicable. The “●” plot is an example of a large space building using a ceiling variable system, a wall variable system, and a seat moving system called a moving block for controlling a proper space scale according to a VPS-T curve, and h ′ is an arena (2
I) is a stadium (30,000)
And when the scale is changed according to the application. It should be noted that although the range where VPS exceeds 15 is not shown, this is outside the applicable range of the VPS-α curve because, as a result of the hearing test, it is often found that it is difficult to hear when VPS exceeds 15. .

A specific acoustic design / control method using the VPS-T curve and / or VPS-α front will be described. For example, the height, width, and height are 100 [m], 100
When designing a large space building of [m] and 30 [m], the chamber volume V is 300,000 [m ³ ] and the total chamber surface area S is 32,000 [m ² ]. Therefore, VPS is 9.4.
[M]. At the stage where VPS is determined, the optimum reverberation time is calculated from the VPS-T curve as the design monthly vote value, or
The optimum average sound absorption coefficient is obtained from the S-α curve. When the VPS-T curve is adopted, the optimum reverberation time T with good "audibility" is about 2.7 [s] as shown in FIG. Next, it is decided whether or not this can be realized as a building specification, and due to the limitation of the acoustic performance of the interior finish, the room volume or the total surface area of the room will be changed, and the design will be changed and adjusted to achieve the required VPS. Become. It should be noted that when deciding what to do with the interior finish, it can be said that the VPS-α curve that can be referred to quickly from the optimum average sound absorption coefficient is used.

[0016]

According to the present invention, the following remarkable effects are obtained. 1) The sound field in a space with different acoustic specifications is reproduced using a sound field simulator, and the optimum value of "easiness of listening" at that time becomes a sound design index verified by a hearing test, so it is more reliable than before. An acoustic space can be formed. 2) It is possible to design and control the acoustic space while examining the architectural specifications that satisfy the optimum value of "easiness of listening".
This makes it possible to design a highly specific acoustic space. 3) It is possible to design a large space exceeding 100,000 [m ³ ]. 4) The movable wall system, the movable ceiling system, and the like allow the volume of the target space and / or the total surface area of the chamber to be controlled depending on the application, thereby providing the best acoustic space.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 VPS-for obtaining the best value of “easiness of listening”
T curve.

FIG. 2 is a VPS- for obtaining the best value of “easiness of listening”.
α curve.

FIG. 3 is a room volume-optimum optimum reverberation time diagram used in conventional acoustic design.

[Explanation of symbols]

 a Music arena b Event hall c Large sports dome for professionals Large sports dome for professionals e Sports dome for citizens (empty seat) f Sports dome for citizens (empty seat) g Arena (5,000 people) h Arena (20,000) I) Stadium (30,000 people) a'Music Arena b'Event Hall c'Professional large sports dome d'Professional large sports dome e'Citizen sports dome (empty seat) f'Citizen sports dome (vacant seat) H) Arena (20,000 people) i'Stadium (30,000 people) A Concert Hall B Concert Hall C Church D Church E Opera House F Conference Room G Lecture Room

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An acoustic design / control method using an index of audibility of sound based on a hearing test, wherein an acoustic physical index based on a hearing test is used. 2. A design method using the acoustic physical index,
A sound based on a audible experiment, which is a method using a VPS-T curve consisting of the relationship between the value VPS determined by dividing the room volume of the design target space by the total surface area of the room and the optimum reverberation time T of the design target space A sound design method using an index of audibility. 3. A design method using the acoustic physical index,
The value VPS determined by dividing the room volume of the design target space by the total surface area of the room and the optimum average sound absorption coefficient α of the design target space
A sound design method using an index of audibility of sound based on a hearing test, which is a method using a VPS-α curve having a relationship with 4. The VPS-T curve and / or VP when the control method uses one space for various purposes.
An acoustic control method performed by changing a room volume and / or a total surface area of a target space by a movable ceiling system and / or a movable wall system according to an S-α curve.