JPH0979391A - Ball valve - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inexpensive ball valve by fitting a seal member to only a part of a hemispherical valve, and allowing the easy replacement thereof. SOLUTION: Horizontal communication holes 14 and 16 as well as a shaft hole 13 open to hemispherical hollow space 18 are drilled through a case 12, and a plug 20 is inserted in the hollow space 18 from the lower end thereof. The valve spindle 36 of the plug 20 is coupled to the shaft hole 13, and a hemispherical valve 22 is coupled to the hollow space 18. Furthermore, a cover 32 is detachably coupled and fixed to the lower end of the hollow space 18, thereby supporting the valve 22 on the cover 32. Also, the communication holes 14 and 16, and a connection hole 24 formed on the valve 22 are communicated to and isolated from one another via the turning motion of a valve spindle 36. Seal members 66 and 68 are also coupled to and held on recesses 62 and 64 formed on the external surface of the valve 22, and the communication holes 14 and 16 are thereby covered at the time of isolation.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ball valve which is provided in the middle of a conduit through which liquid or the like flows to open or close the flow of liquid or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a valve provided in the middle of a conduit through which a liquid or the like flows is an up-and-down type valve whose valve body moves up and down as the valve rod moves up and down, or a valve in which only the valve body moves up and down. There was a lifting type. Also, German Patent No. 391432
There is a ball valve shown in No. 7. This ball valve has a cover above the case, and this cover is
It has a conduit with two parallel occlusions. The conduit is fitted with a plug that pivots on a bearing mounted in the case and is sealed by a cover. Then, each O-ring arranged in the recessed portion where the conduit is extended is attached to the central member and is arranged in a region close to the communication hole formed in the ball valve.

The ball valve shown in German Patent No. 9408156 has a sealing (packing) member consisting of a single component in the valve, and the sealing member is a wall surface of a hollow space provided in a case. It is supported by and maintains a sealed state. This valve has a hemispherical recess, is fitted into the valve body of the plug, and the shaft hole is also communicated with the shaft communication hole. The sealing member is made of an appropriate material, and covers the entire hollow space of the case to prevent fluid (medium) such as liquid or gas flowing in the case from being retained in cracks or blind spots. It is supposed to do.

[0004]

The ball valve having the above-mentioned structure can prevent foreign matter from entering the hollow space between the cover and the valve body, and can sufficiently maintain the opening / closing function of the valve. If the seal member disposed inside is damaged, it is necessary to replace all of the covering portions that form the seal member, and if the covering portion is made of a high-grade material, it will cost a lot of money. There was a problem.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems,
An object of the present invention is to provide a ball valve in which a sealing member is provided only on a part of a hemispherical valve body of a plug, and the sealing member can be easily replaced, and can be repaired at low cost.

[0006]

A ball valve according to a first aspect of the present invention is a case in which a plurality of communication holes whose inner ends are open and shaft holes orthogonal to these communication holes are formed in a hemispherical hollow space. And fitting a hemispherical valve element into the hollow space and inserting a valve shaft protruding from the hemispherical valve element into the shaft hole, and forming a connection hole in the hemispherical valve element that can be connected to the communication hole. And a cover for removably fixing to the case to support the plug by closing the opening on the side opposite to the shaft hole of the hollow space of the case, the communication hole and the connection hole by the rotation of the valve shaft. A ball valve for connecting and disconnecting with a plug, which is provided with a recess on the outer surface of the hemispherical valve body of the plug that can face the communication hole, and seals the communication hole at a position where the communication hole and the connection hole are blocked. The member is fitted and held in the recess.

According to a second aspect of the invention, in the ball valve according to the first aspect, the surface of the seal member is a spherical arc-shaped surface continuous with the outer surface of the hemispherical valve body of the plug.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the ball valve according to the first or second aspect, at least one of the surface and the bottom surface of the seal member is circular or polygonal.
A fourth aspect of the present invention is the ball valve according to the first or second aspect, wherein the bottom surface of the seal member is dome-shaped.

According to a fifth aspect of the invention, in the ball valve according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the bottom surface of the seal member is supported by the bottom surface of the recess via a spring.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the ball valve according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, a ring groove is formed in the bottom surface of the seal member, and an O-ring that abuts the bottom surface of the recess is fitted in the ring groove. It is a combination.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the ball valve according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, an annular seal member that abuts the valve shaft outer peripheral surface of the plug at two axial positions of the axial hole wall of the case. And a pre-pressurization of the sealing material on the tip side by a nut screw-fitted to the tip portion of the valve shaft.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the ball valve according to the seventh aspect, a disk is provided in which a case is interposed between a nut screw-fitted to a tip portion of a shaft portion of a plug and a tip-side sealing material. -Supported by springs.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the ball valve according to the first aspect, the plug has a cylindrical body formed at the cover-side end of the hollow space, and the cylindrical body is supported on the inner surface of the cover. It is a thing.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the ball valve according to the ninth aspect, the plug is provided with a bush on the outer periphery of the cylindrical body, which is in contact with the peripheral wall of the cylindrical portion of the hollow space of the case.

The invention of claim 11 relates to claims 1, 9 and 10.
In the ball valve described in any one of 1,
The inner surface of the case is provided with an O-ring that contacts the step of the case.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in each of FIGS. 1 to 3, the ball valve 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Includes a case 12, a plug 20, and a cover 32. The case 12 has horizontal communication holes 14 and 16 formed coaxially in a straight line. The communication holes 14 and 16 have an outer end open to the outside of the case 12, and an inner end of the case 12 having a hemispherical hollow shape. It opens into the space 18. In the hollow space 18, a hemispherical portion 18b is formed on a cylindrical portion 18a formed on the bottom, a vertical shaft hole 13 orthogonal to the communication holes 14 and 16 is formed on the hemispherical portion 18b, and the bottom surface is provided with a step 18c. It has a large inner diameter and opens.

In the plug 20, the hemispherical valve body 22 is fitted in the hollow space 18 of the case 12, and a cylindrical body 26 integral with the hemisphere is formed in the lower portion of the hemispherical valve body 22. The cylindrical body 26 is hollow. The vertical valve shaft 36, which is fitted into the cylindrical portion 18a of the space 18 and protrudes above the hemispherical valve body 22, is attached to the shaft hole 1 of the case 12.
3, a connection hole 24 for connecting and disconnecting the communication holes 14 and 16 is horizontally formed in the hemispherical valve body 22. A bush 28 made of a suitable sealing material is fitted and fixed to the outer circumference of the lower portion of the columnar body 26 having a small outer diameter, and the outer peripheral surface of the bush 28 is pressed against the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 18a.

The cover 32 is screw-fitted to the bottom of the hollow space 18 of the case 12 having a large inner diameter to be detachably fixed to the case 12, and the inner surface is supported by the step 18c.
The cover 32 may be fastened to the step 18c portion at a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction with bolts. Then, the O-ring 34 is fitted into the annular groove 32a formed on the inner surface of the cover 32, and the O-ring 34 is pressed against the lower surface of the step 18c to seal the space between the case 12 and the cover 32.

Large inner diameter portions are formed at the lower end portion and the upper end portion of the shaft hole 13 of the case 12, respectively, and annular lower and upper seal members 38 and 40 are fitted into these, respectively, and the lower seal member 38 is fitted. The upper and outer peripheral surfaces of the hemispherical valve body 22 of the plug 20 and the lower end of the outer peripheral surface of the valve shaft 36 are brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the plug 20, and the outer peripheral surface of the valve shaft 36 is brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the upper seal member 40. There is. The upper seal member 40 has an upper end portion slightly projected from the upper end of the case 12.

The upper portion of the valve shaft 36 is projected above the upper seal member 40, a compression ring 42 is fitted on the outer periphery of the projected portion, the compression ring 42 is supported on the upper seal member 40, and the valve is placed on the compression ring 42. Fit the disc spring 44 fitted on the shaft 36,
The spring 44 is supported by an inner cylinder portion 46 that projects downward from the base of the operating lever 50.

The actuating lever 50 connects the inner cylinder portion 46 to the valve shaft 36.
The small diameter screw portion 36a formed on the upper end portion of the valve is fitted, the nut 52 is screw-fitted to the screw portion 36a, and the inner cylinder portion 46 is fastened and fixed to the step portion 36b of the valve shaft 36. The outer cylinder 48 is projected downward at the base of the actuating lever 50, and the pair of arcuate grooves 58, 60 formed on the upper surface of the case 12 are formed with a pair of projections 54, 56 projecting downward of the outer cylinder 48. Each of them is loosely inserted to limit the rotation of the operating lever 50 and the plug 20 to a predetermined angle.

On the surface of the hemispherical valve body 22 of the plug 20, recesses 62 and 64 facing the inner end openings of the communication holes 14 and 16 of the case 12 and having a flat bottom surface (flat bottom) are opened at both ends of the connection hole 24. Sealing members 66 and 68 are fitted and held in the recesses 62 and 64, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 1, the sealing members 66 and 68 have a surface adapted to the surface of the hemispherical valve body 22 of the plug 20, a spherical arc-shaped surface continuous to this surface, and a dome-shaped bottom convex lens. And covers the communication holes 14 and 16, respectively, and the peripheral edges of the surfaces of the sealing materials 66 and 68 are the case 12
By contacting the wall surface of the hollow space 18 with each other, the openings at both ends of the connection hole 24 and the openings at the inner ends of the communication holes 14 and 16 are hermetically sealed so that they can be reliably blocked. In the closed state, the seal members 66 and 68 are elastically deformed and the recesses 62 and 6 are
4, the peripheral edges of the surfaces are pressed against the outer peripheral side of the inner end openings of the communication holes 14 and 16 of the wall surface of the hollow space 18 by the elastic restoring force of the seal members 66 and 68. Further, the nut 52 is used to pre-pressurize the valve shaft 36 and the plug 20 so as to achieve effective sealing together with the hemispherical valve body 22 in the case 12 without blind spots.

The ball valve of the first embodiment is
When the communication holes 14 and 16 shown in FIG. 1 are disconnected from the connection hole 24, the communication holes 14 and 16 are closed by the seal members 66 and 68 to block the flow of fluid such as liquid. By rotating the valve shaft 38 by 90 ° while holding the operating lever 50 from this state, the communication hole 14 and the communication hole 16 are connected in a straight line by the connection hole 24 as shown in FIG. , 24,
The fluid is circulated through 16.

FIG. 4 shows a modification of the ball valve according to the first embodiment described above. In the plug 20 shown in FIG. 4, the sealing members 66 and 68 have flat bottom surfaces (flat bottoms), and the bottom surface has an annular groove 68a. (One is not shown) is formed, and an elastic O-ring 70 (one is not shown) is fitted to these, and these are brought into contact with the flat bottom surfaces of the concave grooves 62 and 64 to seal outward. The members 66 and 68 are pre-pressurized. The plug 20 shown in FIG. 4 has the same case 1 as that of the ball valve according to the first embodiment.
2, the cover 32 and the like can be used in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 shows a ball valve 10 according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which the hemispherical valve body 22 of the plug 12 is L-shaped.
A character-shaped connecting hole 25 is formed, a central communicating hole 15 is formed in the case 12 in the middle of the straight communicating holes 14 and 16 and is orthogonal to the connecting hole 25 formed in the hemispherical valve body 22. A recess 6 is formed on the outer surface of the extension of both side portions 25a, 25b.
3, 69 are formed, and seal members 65, 67 are fitted and held on these members, respectively.

In the ball valve of the second embodiment, in the state shown in FIG. 5, the communication hole 14 and the communication hole 15 are connected by the L-shaped connection hole 25, so that these holes 14, 25, 1 are formed.
The fluid is flown in through 5, and the communication hole 16 is blocked by the one seal member 67. By rotating the plug 12 clockwise by 90 ° from this state, the communication hole 16 and the communication hole 15 are connected by the L-shaped connection hole 25, and the fluid is circulated through these holes 16, 25, 15. , The communication hole 14 is blocked by the other sealing member 65. Therefore, in the ball valve of the second embodiment, by rotating the plug 12 around the axis in the clockwise direction and the counterclockwise direction by 90 °, the communication holes 14 and 16 are switched, and one of them and the connection hole 15 are used. A fluid can be circulated.

FIG. 6 shows a ball valve 10 according to a third embodiment of the present invention, in which the hemispherical valve body 22 of the plug 12 has a T-shaped.
A T-shaped connecting hole 71 of the hemispherical valve body 22 is formed by forming a character-shaped connecting hole 71, and forming a central communicating hole 15 in the center of the straight communicating holes 14 and 16 in the case 12 orthogonal to these. A recess 72 is formed on the outer surface of the extension of a portion 71b orthogonal to the center of the portion 71a, and a seal member 73 is fitted and held in the recess 72.

In the ball valve of the third embodiment, in the communication state shown in FIG. 6, the fluid is sent from the communication hole 15 to the communication holes 14 and 16 by dividing the flow through the T-shaped connection hole 71, or the communication holes 14 and 16. 16 through the connection hole 71 to join the communication hole 15
And the plug 12 is rotated 90 ° to close the communication hole 15 at the center by the seal member 73. Therefore, in the pole valve of the third embodiment, the fluid is transferred from the central communication hole 15 to the two communication holes 14, 1.
6, or the fluids can be merged from these communication holes 14 and 16 to flow to the central communication hole 15, and the fluid can be blocked by covering the central communication hole 15 with one sealing member.

In the ball valves according to the second and third embodiments, the bottom surface of the recess provided in the hemispherical valve body of the plug has a spherical arc shape, and the rotation angle of the plug is controlled to 90 °. The configuration and operation are the same as those of the ball valve according to the first embodiment except for the above-described configuration and operation, and therefore description and illustration thereof will be omitted. Further, in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 3 denote the same or corresponding portions.

In the present invention, the seal member fitted in the recess of the hemispherical valve body is selected as required. That is,
Depending on the fluid (medium) such as liquid or gas and the corrosion prevention due to its temperature, polytetrafluoroethylene (P
Fluorine resin such as TFE, Teflon (trade name), or non-viscous material such as these, graphite suitable for high temperature,
Uses malleable and elastic materials such as ceramics and metals,
In case of damage such as friction or cracking due to use, remove the nut 52, actuating lever 50, cover 32, etc.
The plug 22 can be pulled out below the case 12, the seal member can be removed from the recess, and a new seal member can be replaced.

In the present invention, the most advantageous shape of the surface of the seal member is circular, but it may be polygonal, and the circular seal member can be press-fitted (press fitted) into the recess provided in the hemispherical valve body. Preferably, when fitted, the surface of the sealing member can radially project the contour of the valve body and, after closing, achieves a seal with an effective pressure.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the bottom surface of the seal member has a crown shape so that the seal member is pressed radially into the recess so that the seal portion forms a spring and the case is Press into the communication holes of to create an effective seal. Instead, a spring is interposed between the seal member and the bottom of the recess to obtain downward pressure (claim 5), or a ring groove is formed on the bottom surface of the seal member, and an O-ring is formed in this groove. The spring may be formed by fitting and supporting it on the bottom of the recess (claim 6).

In the present invention, the valve shaft is surrounded by the shaft hole wall of the case, and abuts on the annular seal members 38 and 40 provided in the hole wall to support the valve shaft on the tip side by the nut supported by the case. The sealing material 40 is preloaded (claim 8). This is because the sealing material for the hemispherical valve body and the valve shaft is pre-pressurized simultaneously from the outside. Then, the disc spring is fitted on the valve shaft and placed between the nut and the case, so that the ball valve can be operated smoothly and automatically adjusted.

Further, according to the present invention, there is a columnar body on the cover side of the hemispherical valve body of the plug, and the cylindrical portion of the hollow space of the case is fitted as a socket to fit an annular bush on the cylindrical portion. Partly because of the combination, the case and the plug achieve the sealing at the cover-side end (claims 9 and 1).
0). Further, since the O-ring provided on the cover is pressed against the step of the case, the seal between the cover and the case can be achieved.

The ball valve according to the present invention is
As illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, the case has three communication holes, and the connection holes of the plug are L-shaped and T-shaped, so that the three-way valve is configured by rotating the plug by 90 °. However, Figure 1
The same effects as those of the ball valve shown in FIG. 4 which will be described later can be obtained, and a four-way valve or a five-way valve can be configured.

[0037]

As described above, the invention according to claim 1 forms a hollow space having a hemispherical wall surface in a case, and a plurality of communication holes and an axial hole orthogonal to these are formed in the hollow space. Formed, fit the hemispherical valve body of the plug into the hollow space, fit the valve shaft protruding from the valve body into the shaft hole, and cover the end of the hollow space on the side opposite to the shaft hole. A ball valve that connects and disconnects the communication hole and the connection hole formed in the valve body by fixing and rotating the valve shaft, wherein a seal member is provided in a recess provided on the surface of the valve body. Since the holding hole is held and the communication hole is covered by the seal member at the time of blocking, the following effects can be obtained. That is, since the seal member is fitted and held only in the recess provided in a part of the hemispherical valve body of the plug, even if the seal member is damaged by use, it can be easily replaced and repaired at low cost.

Further, in the invention according to claim 1, since the conduit can be directly welded to the case, the volume of the ball valve can be reduced, the weight can be reduced, the material can be saved, and the ball valve as a whole can be made inexpensive. Further, a connecting pipe to a conduit having a flange in the case and a flange of the conduit are not required, a sealing material between the connecting pipe and the conduit is not required, the time required for assembling these is short, and the welding of the pipe is performed. Since the joining is done by, it is possible to prevent fluid such as liquid from leaking to the outside.

In the invention according to claim 1, since the hollow space of the case has a hemispherical shape and the wall surface has the same shape as the outer surface of the hemispherical valve body of the plug, almost no fluid such as liquid is contained in the hollow space. The fluid can be effectively transported without stagnation, and the impact and obstruction on the ball valve due to the stagnation of the transported fluid can be reduced. The ball valve of the invention according to claim 1 is suitable for the chemical industry, the pharmaceutical industry, the food industry such as milk production, and the like, and there is a concern about the safety after the fluid such as liquid leaks outward. Suitable for some fluids.

According to the invention of claim 1, the torque when the plug is rotated in a stroke of 90 ° or the like for connecting and disconnecting the communication hole and the connection hole is almost the same, and the invention of claim 2 is particularly preferable. As described above, when the surface of the seal member is a spherical arc surface that is continuous with the outer surface of the spherical arc valve body, stagnation of fluid such as liquid is small.

For the seal member, it is preferable to use a material such as a fluororesin having elasticity and low adhesiveness, and having a smooth surface. In addition, in the case of the above-described embodiment, the replacement of the seal member is performed by removing the nut or the like at the tip of the valve shaft, removing the cover from the case, and pulling out the plug from the lower end of the hollow space of the case,
The seal member may be removed from the recess provided in the hemispherical valve body, a new seal member may be fitted and held in the recess, and then the plug may be inserted into the case and a cover, a nut and the like may be attached. Furthermore, the inventions of claims 3 to 11 have the advantages as described in the detailed description of the invention.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a closed (closed) state of a ball valve according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the ball valve shown in FIG. 1 in a connected (open) state.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway front view of a plug according to a modification of the ball valve according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view showing a ball valve according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a ball valve according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 ball valve 12 case 13 shaft hole 14 communication hole 15 central communication hole 16 communication hole 18 hollow space 20 plug 22 hemispherical valve body 24 connection hole 25 L-shaped connection hole 26 cylindrical body 28 bush 32 cover 34 O-ring 36 Valve shaft 38 Sealing material 40 Sealing material 42 Compression ring 44 Disc spring 46 Inner cylinder part 48 Outer cylinder part 50 Actuating lever 52 Nut 54 Projection part 56 Projection part 58 Arc groove 60 Arc groove 62 Concise 63 Recess 64 Concave 65 Seal member 66 Sealing member 67 Sealing member 68 Sealing member 69 Sealing member 70 O-ring 71 T-shaped connection hole 72 Sealing member 73 Sealing member

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A case in which a plurality of communication holes whose inner ends are open and shaft holes orthogonal to the communication holes are formed in a hemispherical hollow space, and a hemispherical valve element is fitted in the hollow space. A plug in which a valve shaft protruding into a hemispherical valve body is inserted into the shaft hole and a connection hole which can be connected to the communication hole is formed in the hemispherical valve body, and a side opposite to the shaft hole of the hollow space of the case. A cover for supporting the plug by detachably fixing to the case by closing the opening of the ball valve, and connecting and disconnecting the communication hole and the connection hole by the rotation of the valve shaft, A concave portion capable of facing the communication hole is provided on an outer surface of the hemispherical valve body of the plug, and a seal member for covering the communication hole is fitted and held in the concave portion at a position where the communication hole and the connection hole are cut off from each other. Ball valve. 2. The ball valve according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the sealing member is a spherical arc surface continuous with the outer surface of the hemispherical valve body of the plug. 3. The seal member has at least one of a front surface and a bottom surface formed into a circular shape or a polygonal shape.
Or the ball valve described in 2. 4. The ball valve according to claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of the seal member has a dome shape. 5. The bottom surface of the seal member is supported on the bottom surface of the recess via a spring.
4. The ball valve according to any one of 4 above. 6. A ring groove is formed on the bottom surface of the seal member,
The ball valve according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an O-ring that abuts the bottom surface of the recess is fitted in the ring groove. 7. A ring-shaped seal member that comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the valve shaft of the plug is provided at two axial positions of the shaft hole wall of the case, and a tip end side is formed by a nut screw-fitted to the tip end portion of the valve shaft. The ball valve according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the sealing material of (1) is pre-pressurized. 8. The case according to claim 7, wherein the case is supported by a disc spring interposed between a nut screw-fitted to the tip of the shaft portion of the plug and a seal member on the tip side. Ball valve. 9. The ball valve according to claim 1, wherein the plug has a columnar body formed at the end portion of the hollow space on the cover side, and the columnar body is supported on the inner surface of the cover. 10. The ball valve according to claim 9, wherein the plug is provided with a bush on the outer periphery of the cylindrical body, the bush being in contact with the peripheral wall of the cylindrical portion of the hollow space of the case. 11. The cover is provided with an O-ring on its inner surface that abuts a step of the case.
The ball valve according to any of 0.