JPH0975493A - Swing measuring device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance the accuracy for measuring the speed of a swing body, and also the accuracy for measuring reaction time by arranging photosensors at the respective vertices of an isosceles triangle, so that the speed of the swing body can be obtained by the relationship of time in which the swing body passes through the respective photosensors. SOLUTION: A photoreflective seal 2 is stuck on a bat 1 for measuring its swing. Three photoreflective plates 7a arranged at the respective vertices of an isosceles triangle are fitted to the base 6 with castors 5. By swinging the bat 1, it crosses the light flux 15 between a light transmitting/receiving sensor unit 14 and the photoreflective plates 7a. Thereby, the reaction times are successively measured by the respective photoreflective plates 7a that have been arranged at the respective vertices of the isosceles triangle. A measuring part 10 calculates the swing speed of the bat 1 from the measured results of these three reaction times. The result is sent to a personal computer 20, and is displayed on a crystal display screen 21, and the data are printed out by a printer 22.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention provides a hit such as accurately measuring the speed of a swinging body such as a bat and a racket, accurately measuring a reaction time, and easily determining the quality of a swing trajectory. The present invention relates to a swing measuring device for improving the ability.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 1 is a use state diagram of a swing measuring device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-70467. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the principle of the swing measuring device shown in FIG. In these figures, 1 is a baseball bat as a swing body, 2 is a recursive light reflection sheet attached to the baseball bat, 3 is a sensor unit as an optical transceiver for swing measurement, and 4 is a swing of the baseball bat 1. Orbit, 3
a, 3b, 3e are the first and second ray bundles, the third ray bundle, A,
B and E are first, second and third light emitting means. 3E is a detachable second device. A baseball bat 1 (hereinafter, also referred to as “swing body” or “bat”) has a retroreflective sheet 2 attached to a portion corresponding to a sweet spot. Are first and second light emitting means A and B for projecting first and second bundles of rays 3a and 3b which are substantially parallel to each other and are spaced apart by a predetermined distance.
A detachable first projection that projects a third light bundle 3e substantially parallel to the respective light bundles at a predetermined distance from the second light emitting means B in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first and second light emitting means A and B. 2 equipment 3
The third light emitting means E of E and the light receiving means A, B, E for receiving the reflected light from the bat 1 which traverses each ray bundle, respectively, are provided, and the light receiving means A, B, E The data is calculated based on the output signal to calculate the swing speed of the swing body (hereinafter, also referred to as swing speed).

Further, as a conventional reaction training device for physical exercise, there is a sports technique and a reaction training device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-95772.
One of a series of lights is lit irregularly by a control mechanism programmed so that it is unknown to humans in advance, and the series of lights is lit irregularly at a set number of seconds. If the sensor detects it by performing the operation of a certain procedure within the set number of seconds, the result is
Further, when it takes more than the set number of seconds, the failure is notified by voice synthesis or a buzzer.

Further, as a conventional swing course training device, there is a batting training device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-96035, in which one end is attached to the top of a vertical ball and the other end supports the ball. There is a second tether means attached to the ball and having a first tether means attached to the first tether means above the ball.

[0005]

A conventional swing measuring device is constructed as described above. Generally, the method of calculating the velocity V of an object passing between two points is represented by a value obtained by dividing the distance L between the two points by the passing time T, Formula (1), and V = L / T. However, V is the speed, L is the distance between two points, and T is the transit time. However, the above equation (1) can be applied only when an object enters under the condition of being parallel between the two points. Explaining the swing body, in general, the swing body enters while drawing a circular arc with the tip being fast and the hand being slow, so the straight line connecting the two points and the traveling direction of the baseball bat 1 are parallel. There is almost nothing, and it enters with a certain inclination. Two baseball bats 1 entered at the inclination θ shown in FIG.
When passing the distance AB between points, the velocity V has a slope θ
That is, an error corresponding to the approach angle θ appears. However, there are two types of inclination, one that occurs in the horizontal plane and the other that occurs in the vertical plane. Furthermore, a simple and accurate measuring device that does not cause measurement errors even for right-handed and left-handed players must be used. I won't.

The first error is an approach angle error that appears on the horizontal plane between the swing trajectory 4 and the straight line connecting the two optical sensors. The second error is an error in the angle of approach of the swing body with respect to the horizontal plane orthogonal to the optical axis of the light beam emitted vertically from the two photosensors. The third error is an error depending on how far from the tip of the swing body the light passes when passing the optical sensor. Swing body 3 above
It is necessary to decide what kind of correction should be made for each error element.

Regarding the first error, the error becomes 0 when the straight line connecting the axes of the two substantially parallel rays emitted from the two sensors in a substantially vertical direction and the direction in which the swing body enters are overlapped. Become. From the relationship of V = L / T, the apparent swing speed is C when the approach angle COSθ becomes large.
Since the transit time becomes shorter by the amount of OSθ, the speed is displayed faster than the actual speed in proportion to the relationship of 1 / COSθ.

In the swing measuring device disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 61-70467, a first error velocity correcting method is an optical sensor for correcting an angular error perpendicular to one point between two points of the optical sensor. One of them is arranged in the L-type, and as a calculation formula, formula (2), V = L2 · cos (arctan (L2 · Td1 / L1
-Td2)) / Td2 is used. Here, V is the swing speed, L1 is the distance between the second and third light emitting means, L2 is the distance between the first and second light emitting means, and Td1 is the reception of the reflected light of the second and third light fluxes by the light receiving means. Time interval, Td2 is the first by the light receiving means,
It is the light receiving time interval of the reflected light of the second light bundle. However, in order to deal with both right-handed and left-handed batters by the above-mentioned method, there is a problem in that two speed correction optical sensors must be provided because a speed correction optical sensor is required symmetrically.
As a means for solving the problem, the method is dealt with as a detachable type, so it is easy to cause an error in accuracy,
There was a hassle for putting on and taking off. Furthermore, the signal detection method from the retroreflective sheet attached to the bat 1 makes it difficult to maintain the degree of parallelism of the optical axes of the ray bundles in a highly diffused manner, and also to prevent the reflection of the reflected rays. Because of the method of detecting light, there is also a problem in that time measurement tends to vary and accuracy is low.

Regarding the approach angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane which is the second error, the swinging body passes substantially horizontally when it crosses the optical axes of two substantially vertical light beam bundles emitted from the two optical sensors. When you do, the distance becomes the shortest and the transit time becomes shorter. When the vehicle crosses at any other approach angle θ, the difference between the crossing distance and the substantially horizontal axis increases by 1 / COSθ, and the passing time also becomes longer. From the relationship of the equation (1) and V = L / T, the equation (3), V1 = L / T / COSθ, and the display is slower than the actual speed by COSθ. However, V
1 is the apparent swing speed, L is the distance between the two optical sensors, T is the time it takes to pass the two light bundles, and COSθ is the approach angle. When measuring with such a measuring device, the measured person Efforts to increase one's swing speed naturally swing horizontally, perpendicular to the optical axis of the light bundle of the photosensor. The approach angle difference θ from the horizontal plane orthogonal to the optical axis of the light beam bundle of the optical sensor is represented by COSθ. When the approach angle is deviated from the horizontal plane, the calculated value at COS of 10 ° is 0.9848 and the error is about 1.5%, and at COS of 20 ° is 0.9396 and the error is about 6%. The first error described above tends to increase the display speed from the actual speed, while the second error tends to decrease the display speed from the actual speed. In the present invention, there is no problem in correcting the error in the second decreasing direction, assuming that the swinging method is gradually corrected as the user gets used to the measurement.

As a third error, which part of the swing body has been passed, the tip of the swing body is the highest speed portion, and the swing body becomes slower toward the center of the swing. An actual swing body changes its swing center every moment, and it is not easy to know the center point. However, in general, the distance between the center of the swing calculated from the center of gravity of the body and the tip of the swing body is 1
Assuming that the distance is 00 cm, the position where the light flux passes through the optical axis is only about 10 cm, and the swing speed display is about 10% lower than that when measured at the leading edge. In order to prevent this, the swing body should always be measured at a fixed position, but such a measure has not been taken.

Further, the conventional swing measuring device only obtains the passing speed of the swing body, but from the viewpoint of improving the hitting ability, the improvement of the swing speed is an improvement of one element of the hitting ability, It is also important to improve the ability of the two factors described below. One is to match the timing and the other is to hit the ball.

[0012] Hereinafter, timing adjustment will be described by taking baseball as an example. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of the launch angle θ after the ball hits the bat, where 1 is the bat,
30 is a ball.

Generally, the pitch is 25 meters / second to 45 meters.
Although it is pitched at a meter / second, if the pitcher now pitches at a speed of 40 meters / second, the ball 30 pitched at this pitch speed will be 18.
It reaches a distance of 5 meters in about 0.5 seconds. Ball 30
Moves 4 centimeters in 1/1000 seconds and 40 centimeters in 1/100 seconds. When the ball 30 hits the sweet spot (the center of gravity of inertia of the rotating body) of the bat 1 at right angles to the longitudinal line of the bat 1, the optimum hitting condition is 1/10.
The difference in the timing of 0 seconds is the difference in the launch angle in the horizontal direction in the horizontal direction.

The angle difference with which the ball flies by the difference of 1/100 second will be described below. The swing radius of the swing body shown in FIG. 3 is approximately 100 cm. Ball 3 thrown at 40 meters / second
When 0 is a 1/100 second difference from the condition orthogonal to the bat 1, the ball 30 has a front-back difference of plus or minus 40 cm. When the angle of incidence θ of the ball on the bat is calculated, the angle of incidence θ is the angle of a triangle in which the two sides of 40 cm and 100 cm form a right angle, and trigonometric equation (4), tan θ = arctan (L1 / L2)
Required by. Where θ is the angle of incidence, L1 is the distance the ball passes, L2 is the distance from the center of rotation of the bat to the position where the ball hits the sweet spot. From equation (4), arctan (40/100) is approximately tan.
It is 22 °, and the bat 1 hits at an incident angle of about 22 ° assuming 0 ° when it is perpendicular to the pitching direction of the ball 30, so the ball 30 has a reflection angle θ of about 22 ° with respect to the bat 1. Since the ball flies in the direction opposite to the pitching direction, the total launch angle θ is 44 °, which is the sum of the incident angle θ and the reflection angle θ. The difference between the right direction and the left direction is plus or minus 44 °, which is 88 ° in total. Since the baseball bases are tied at 90 °, the difference is 2 °. If the above-mentioned ball 30 pitched at 40 meters / second is missed by 1/100 seconds or more before and after, it becomes a foul ball. A difference of 3 times or more in timing results in swinging before or after passing the ball, resulting in missed hits or missed shots. To meet the above strict timing conditions, you can decide the angle to launch from the beginning such as bunting or sinking, but basically you should swing according to the pitching speed and practice to grasp the timing to hit the ball well. There seems to be something to do. For that purpose, it is essential to practice the ability to control the reaction time freely and to shorten the reaction time for the fastball pitcher.

As a result of the practice, the reaction time during the swing can be shortened, so that the time for watching the course in which the ball flies can be taken longer, and it will be possible to see how the changing ball changes for a long time. You will be able to hit. For example, when the reaction time can be shortened by 1/10 seconds by training, when the pitcher throws 40 meters / second, he / she looks at the ball 30 for a long time as compared with the case where the ball 30 is not trained for the course of 4 meters. I can afford.

Next, the vertical deviation of the swing course of the swing body with respect to the passage of the ball will be described by taking baseball as an example. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a launch angle θ when a baseball ball hits a bat, where 1 is a bat and 30 is a ball.

As shown in FIG. 4, when the bat 1 having a diameter of about 7 cm comes into contact with a ball 30 having a diameter of about 7 cm, the launch angle θ at which the bat 1 hits the radius R1 of the ball with a vertical deviation H1 is expressed by (5), tan θ = ARCtan
(H1 / R1). However, tan θ is the launch angle, R1 is the radius of the ball, and H1 is the vertical shift. From the above, the bat 1 is only shifted about 3.5 cm upward or downward, and the ball 1 is about 45 ° upward or downward. Fly to. Also, if the distance is more than plus or minus 7 cm, it will be missed. It is said that the launch angle θ is in the range of 25 ° to 45 ° with respect to the horizontal. The angle range for hitting the home run is 20
Since the contact angle is within ± 10 °, it is necessary to swing the bat 1 in a course where the vertical difference from the target position is within ± 1 cm in order to hit the ball 30 with the contact angle within ± 10 °. However, equation (4),
(5) is calculated without considering the mass ratio of the ball 30 and the bat 1, the coefficient of restitution, friction, etc.

As described above, shortening the reaction time from the swing start signal for adjusting important timing as well as the swing speed,
The apparatus for determining whether the swing course is accurate has been described.
However, in the sports technique and reaction training device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-95772, one of the lights lights up irregularly, and a series of lights are successively emitted at a set number of seconds. It is designed to illuminate irregularly, and if a certain procedure is carried out within the set number of seconds and various sensors detect it, the result will be passed. It only informs the success by voice synthesis or a buzzer, and does not measure an accurate reaction time during a swing.

As a conventional swing course practice device, in the batting practice device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-96035, the ball is supported at the other end attached to the top of the vertical ball at one end. The first
Some have a second tether means attached to the ball and a first tether means above the ball, but by attaching the tether to the ball Compared to practice and pitching machines that hit the ball, it does not require a large space, so there is no risk of replacing or losing the ball, but it takes time to hit continuously because the ball sways and sways forever. Further, even if the ball is hit at a place other than the core of the ball (within 1 cm above and below the center), the hit ball flies, so that it is not possible to acquire an accurate swing course. None of the devices satisfy the measurement of the powerful swing, good timing, and nice hitting, which are necessary for the swing, and the swing speed device alone or in combination with the reaction time measuring device or the swing course determining device. There has been a demand for a multi-purpose measuring device for improving swing ability.

[0020]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a swing measuring device having the following configuration.

In the swing speed measuring device for a swing body according to the present invention, two photosensors which are emitted substantially in parallel in the same direction are installed at intervals, and between the two points where the two photosensors are installed. A third optical sensor that emits substantially parallel to the same direction as the optical sensor is provided at the position of the apex that forms the isosceles triangle with the distance L as the base, and the swing body of the two optical sensors passes first. Third from the detected optical sensor
Of the swing speed V of the swing body passing between the two points is measured from the values of the time Tx until the light sensor passes through the third light sensor and the time Ty until the last light sensor passed after the third light sensor. It is a thing.

A reaction time measuring device during a swing according to the present invention is a device for measuring a reaction time by receiving a stimulus information and inputting a signal to a switch means, and at least one of which lights irregularly at a predetermined distance. One lighting means, an optical sensor that emits a light beam bundle at a predetermined distance, and the swing body moves the optical axis of the light beam emitted from the optical sensor from the time when the last lighting means starts lighting. It is a swing measuring device characterized by having a configuration having a means for measuring a time until it crosses.

Further, another reaction time measuring device at the time of swing according to the present invention is at least one lighting means which lights irregularly at a predetermined distance and a light which vertically emits a light flux at a predetermined distance. A sensor and a means for measuring the time from the time when the last lighting means starts lighting to the time when the swing body crosses the optical axis of the light beam emitted from the optical sensor, and the passing speed of the swing body. And a means for measuring by passing a plurality of light beam bundles. According to the above configuration, the swing measurement device starts time measurement with the stimulus information and finishes the measurement when the swing body passes through the optical sensor, and uses the measurement time as the reaction time of the body movement.

The measuring device for determining the quality of the swing trajectory according to the present invention includes at least one means for emitting a light beam substantially horizontally from the center of the orbital optical sensor installed vertically movable at a predetermined distance. The swing body to which a reflection sheet for reflecting the light flux of the orbital optical sensor is attached, and a means for inputting a received signal of the orbital optical sensor to a stimulating sound generation circuit, the light emission of the orbital optical sensor The ray bundle to be reflected by the bat with a reflection sheet on the swing trajectory, the presence or absence of the received signal of the orbital optical sensor is received only when the swing trajectory is in the correct trajectory, to determine the quality of the swing course. It is a swing measuring device.

[0025]

Regarding the measurement of the swing speed, in the present invention, the distance L between the two first and second optical sensors AB installed on the base of the isosceles triangle which can be known in advance.
A first transit time Tx that passes through the optical axis of the ray bundle emitted from the first optical sensor and the optical axis of the ray bundle emitted from the third optical sensor at the apex angle of the isosceles triangle; A second ray that passes through the optical axis of the ray bundle emitted from the optical sensor and then passes through the optical axis of the ray bundle emitted from the last optical sensor
The time Ty is measured by the equation (6), and V = L · cos (arctan ((Ty−Tx) tan
(90 ° -α) / (Ty + Tx))) / (Tx + Ty) or equation (7) V = L · cos (45 ° -arctan (Tx / T)
y)) / (Tx + Ty) or the equation (8), V = L / (2 (Tx ^ 2 + Ty ^ 2)) ^ (1/2) is calculated to obtain an error considering the approach angle θ of the swing body. Then, the actual swing speed V is calculated. Here, V is the swing speed, L is the distance Tx between the first and second optical sensors, the time from the passage of the first optical sensor to the passage of the third optical sensor, and Ty is the passage of the third optical sensor. The time until the second optical sensor passes, α is the base angle of the isosceles triangle, and Equation (6) is a calculation equation used when the position of the optical sensor is installed at the vertex of the isosceles triangle, but other Equation (7) ,
(8) is applied to an isosceles right-angled triangle or an apex whose angle is close to a right angle. The above equations (6) to (8) are formulas that are constructed by utilizing the difference in approach angle appearing in the relationship between Tx and Ty. The error due to can be eliminated. The development of the formula and the measurement principle thereof will be described in detail later for each formula.

Regarding the measurement of the reaction time during the swing, in the present invention, by paying attention to the irregularly luminescent lamp in the preparation stage for starting the reaction swing, the pre-preparation information from the eyes is transmitted to the brain cells. A preparation command is transmitted from the nerve cells to the skeletal muscles through the nerve cells, and in each skeletal muscle required for the swing, a reaction like winding a striatum appears to prepare for the swing. Looking at the last lighting information, the stimulus information is transmitted from the eyes to the brain, the movement command is transmitted from the brain cells to the nerve tissue and is transmitted to each skeletal muscle, and it becomes the movement control like releasing the striatum and the swing is started. . In addition, by measuring the time until the swinging swing body crosses the light flux emitted from the optical sensor, the accurate reaction time of the body in the swing can be measured. Furthermore, by combining with a swing measuring device that measures the swing speed using an optical sensor, the equation (9) of the relationship of the value obtained by squaring the swing speed and dividing by the reaction time is calculated by SP = V ^ 2 / Tr. Then, it becomes possible to express it as instantaneous power. This number is
This is an application of the developmental relationship of the body that cannot be learned immediately, that is, if you try to increase the swing speed, the reaction time becomes slow, and if you try to increase the reaction time, the swing speed becomes slow. There is also the effect that one of the indicators can be measured. However, SP is instantaneous power, V is swing speed, Tr is reaction time

Regarding the swing course quality determining device, in the present invention, a ray bundle emitted by an orbital optical sensor in which the light emitting direction of the optical sensor is horizontal is attached to a reflecting sheet and reflected by a bat. The signal received by the optical sensor for orbit is input to the stimulus sound generation circuit, and sounds such as a voice synthesis sound, a chime, and a buzzer are generated as the stimulus sound. A swing course of various heights can be selected by adopting a structure in which the orbital optical sensor is vertically movable, and more complicated by mounting a plurality of orbital optical sensors or combining with an irregular lighting circuit. It is possible to select a different swing course. The device described above does not hit the actual ball, but first, look at the light emitting position of the orbital optical sensor at a predetermined distance away from the light beam of the optical sensor with a bat with a reflective sheet attached. Check the position by relying on the sound generation as if you were searching for a bundle, then start the swing at the confirmed position and practice hitting the bundle of rays, increase the swing speed as you get used to it, or use multiple optical sensors for orbits. You can use them to swing up and down alternately, or practice swings that capture a bundle of rays that have a stepwise positional relationship, such as upper, middle, lower, left, and right,
As described above, by reflecting the light beam emitted from the orbital light sensor by the bat 1 to which the reflection sheet 2 is attached, the quality of the swing course can be easily determined. Further, by using this swing course determination device, the hit rate or the number of consecutive hits can be recorded from the relationship between the number of swings and the number of hits.

[0028]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

First Embodiment FIG. 5 is a use state diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention. This will be described below with reference to the drawings. Bat 1 for swing measurement
Attach the light reflection sticker 2 to. The light reflection unit 7 is attached on the vicinity of the tip of the base 6 to which the casters 5 are attached. In the light reflection unit 7, three circular light reflection plates 7a that are retroreflected upward are arranged in an isosceles triangular shape, and are fixed so that the apex angle of the reflection unit 7 faces the main body support pipe 8. The main body support pipe 8 is inserted into a pipe provided at a position intersecting with the T shape of the base and fixed with a fixing screw 12. Insert the measuring table 10 on top of the main body support pipe 8 and fix the screw 1
It is fixed at 2, and a measuring device 12 incorporating a microcomputer having a digital display surface 11 of an LED is placed on the front surface of the upper surface. The arm unit 13 is inserted into the upper end of the main body support pipe 8 and fixed by the fixing screw 12. The optical transmission / reception sensor unit 14 is attached to the front end portion extending to the front. The light transmission / reception sensor unit 14 emits a light beam 15 toward the light reflection unit 7. A support pipe 17 is provided from the center of the bottom plate 16 upward
Stand up. An orbital optical sensor 18 for determining the swing course is vertically movably fixed to the upper center of the support pipe 17.
A light unit 19 integrated with a light 19a for sending a swing start signal is attached above the light unit 19. The personal computer 20 receives the signal from the measuring instrument 10 and displays it on the liquid crystal display screen 21, and the printer 22 outputs the data.

FIGS. 13 to 17 are logical flow charts for performing swing measurement in the case of the baseball according to one embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 5, which will be described below with reference to the drawings. After turning on the various power supplies, select start or manual start. If you choose manual, the device is designed to work only with the microcomputer, and if you choose automatic, the device works with the microcomputer via the instructions of your computer. Here, in the present invention, terms used for distinguishing between a microcomputer and a personal computer will be described. "A microcomputer is an abbreviation for a microcomputer. It has a central processing unit called a CPU, which is composed of one or more LSI chips, and has a plurality of semiconductor integrated circuit memories and input / output circuits. In some cases, an external storage device is included, but when it comes to the scale, it is called a personal computer. Although there is no precise definition of a personal computer, a personal computer is a size that can be placed on a desktop , A device such as a mouse or an input device such as a floppy disk or a hard disk, which can be freely programmed by the user later. ”

When automatic start is selected to operate the measuring apparatus, various settings (name and number of times) are registered in the personal computer 20 as step P1. In step P2, a start signal is sent to the microcomputer of the measuring instrument 10 by a command from the personal computer. In step P3, the reset circuit of the instruction procedure programmed in the CPU inside the microcomputer operates. At step P4, the arithmetic circuit for irregular light emission for the swing start signal operates. Continuous light emission starts in step P5, and the first light is turned on. After the set time of 0.1 second to 1 second, the first light is turned off and at the same time the second light is turned on. Similarly, after the set time from 0.1 seconds to 1 second, the second light is turned off and then the third light is turned on. The arithmetic operation circuit for irregular light emission of the third light makes it impossible to know which of the three lights of the first, second, and third lights is on. The reaction time starts to be measured with the lighting of the third light turned on as a step P6. At step P7, the bat 1 is shaken out. After the swing starts, the bat 1 passes the first optical sensor in step P8. At the step 9 after the passage, the measurement of the reaction time, which is the first time measurement started from the swing start signal, is completed. At the same time, in step P10, the second time measurement until the light passes through the third optical sensor arranged at the apex angle of the isosceles triangle is started. When the light passes through the third optical sensor in step P11, the second time measurement ends. At the same time, in step P12, time measurement until the light passes through the second optical sensor starts. In step P13, the third time measurement ends when the second optical sensor passes. In the meantime, the light beam bundle 15 emitted from the orbiting optical transmission / reception sensor 18 for swing course determination installed in the horizontal direction in Step P14 is reflected by the light reflection sheet 2 attached to the bat 1, and the orbital optical transmission / reception is performed. Whether or not the course has been correctly passed is determined by whether or not a signal is given to the sensor 18, and when the reflected light signal is present, a stimulating synthesized sound is generated from the speaker 27 as a sound effect. In step P15, the measurement of the two passage times ends. In step P16, the swing speed correction calculation is started based on the calculation formula. In step P17, the calculation formula is completed. In step P18, immediately after that, the first time, which is the reaction time, is digitally displayed on the display surface 15, and the second and third times are calculated to digitally display the swing speed. In step P19, the above-described process is performed a set number of times, and each time the reaction time and the swing speed are digitally displayed. After the display for the set number of times is finished, the average value of the reaction time and the shaking speed and the stability indicating the degree of variation of the respective values are displayed on the digital display surface 15 of the LED in step P20. In step P21, each data is transferred to the personal computer. In step P23, the program software of the personal computer calculates the instantaneous force and the flight distance from the reaction time and the swing speed, and displays each numerical value on the liquid crystal display screen. In step P24, the analysis menu of the program software of the personal computer is entered. In step P25, YES or NO for printing is determined. Step P
The printer 22 connected at 26 is used to print the above-mentioned numerical values. In step P27, it is determined whether the measurement is completed or re-measurement is performed. When the remeasurement is YES, the step P1 is entered again and the measurement is performed again. If remeasurement is NO, turn off the power
Then the measurement is completed.

When the start selection is manually selected, the microcomputer starts in step P3. If automatic start by PC is selected, step P
At 23, the instantaneous power, flight distance, etc. are displayed on the liquid crystal display screen 21, and the physical condition of the day is also entered. Also, by entering the analysis menu in step P24,
Various graphs and lists are displayed by comparing with past data. In some cases, the above data is also printed. This swing measuring device is designed according to the above logic. The calculation result display means may be any of a digital display such as an LED or LCD, a liquid crystal display screen, a display on a CRT display device, or the like. It should be noted that the stimulating sound may be a voiced sound by voice synthesis, a chime, or a bell in addition to the synthetic sound, and the stimulating information may be displayed by a pitching motion image on a liquid crystal display device or a CRT display device in addition to a light source such as a light. good.

The above description is based on the logic flow chart, but the details of measurement and calculation formulas will be described below. There are three lights 19a in the light unit 19 which is a pseudo throwing device (simple throwing operation signal device) which automatically continuously emits light (white, yellow, red). As a signal to prepare for the start of swing, two lights flash one by one from top to bottom, and finally the top, middle, and bottom 3
A light 19a in which any one of the one lights lights up irregularly
The bat 1 is started to swing in the height direction of the position of the light 19a which is turned on last. Optical transmission / reception sensor unit 14 provided on the vertical axis of the hit point
The bat 1 crosses the three ray bundles 15 of. The passage time T of the optical sensor installed at each vertex of the three isosceles triangles
x and Ty are measured, and based on this, the following equation (6), V = L · cos (arctan ((Ty−Tx) tan
(90 ° -α) / (Ty + Tx))) / (Tx + Ty) or formula (7), V = L · cos (45 ° -arctan (Tx / T
y)) / (Tx + Ty) or equation (8), V = L / (2 (Tx ^ 2 + Ty ^ 2)) ^ (1/2) is calculated to obtain an error considering the approach angle θ of the swing body. Calculate the actual swing speed V that does not exist. At the same time, in the light unit 19 which is the pseudo throwing device, the time from the lighting time of the light 19a that is turned on last to the passage of the first optical sensor in the first optical transmission and reception sensor unit 14 is measured to measure the swing. Let the reaction time. The measurement is calculated by the high-speed arithmetic circuit of the microcomputer, and each measured value is instantly displayed on the digital display surface 11 of the LED of the measuring device 10. In one measurement, 5 swings are performed, and the reaction time and shaking speed are displayed each time, and finally the average value and stability are displayed. The number of times of measurement described above is one example, and the number of times setting may be arbitrarily designated and used.

After swinging the set number of times, the average value, the maximum value or the minimum value of the reaction time and the shaking speed, the fluctuation value and the combination thereof are displayed on the digital display surface 11.
Can be displayed on. Further, the data can be printed on the printer 22. In addition, it is very useful for long-term training of the ability to hit and the like that the data is accumulated and analyzed by connecting the device of the external personal computer 21 with the communication signal from the measuring means by the microcomputer.

The optical sensor used in the optical transmission / reception sensor unit 14 will be described below. An optical sensor is generally called a beam sensor by a manufacturer and has a visible light type and an infrared light type. Further, as the internal structure, there are a transmissive type in which a transmitting part and a receiving part are separated, and a reflective type in which transmission and reception are integrated inside. Among the reflection types, there are a mirror reflection type and a diffuse reflection type. Mirror reflection type is recursive (returns to the projection direction)
The optical transmission / reception sensor unit 14 according to the embodiment of the present invention is also a type in which light is reflected on a reflection surface (having a rigid structure mirror type and a flexible structure sheet type) having a structure having a As the above, a sensor in which three same optical sensors are integrated is used. The optical sensor is not limited to any type, and any optical sensor may be used as long as it can extract a signal by blocking or reflecting a ray bundle. For the selection of the light beam, it is preferable to use a type in which the distance between the transmitter and the reflector can be long, the response speed is as fast as possible, and the size is as small as possible. Further, it is preferable that it is not easily affected by ambient light such as sunlight. In a beam light source using light, the diameter of the light beam is limited, but by using a laser beam, the light beam can be very finely squeezed, and a small and accurate one can be created. Further, if a visible laser beam is used between the transmitting and receiving portions of the optical sensor or for aligning the integrated optical sensor for transmission and reception and the light reflecting unit, assembly and adjustment are simplified.

The light source used in the light unit 19 will be described below. Since the light 19a in the light unit 19 is used as a transmission means of the swing start signal, any means such as strobe light emission, LED light emission, or incandescent light bulb light emission may be used. The stroboscopic light emission using flash discharge is a very bright and instantaneous light source and has good visibility. However, looking at the strobe light for a long period of time may cause eye health problems, so be careful when using it.The stronger the light emission, the longer it takes to charge it. Need a different design. The LED emission emits light with a very small current, and the response speed until it is turned on is very high at 10 to 50 nanoseconds, so it is not necessary to consider the delay of the response time.
In general, since the brightness is low, it is necessary to use a high brightness light emitting type and use a large number of LEDs. Also, note that there is a difference in visibility depending on the mounting direction. As for the rise time of the incandescent bulb lighting, it takes time to raise the temperature of the nichrome wire which is the light emitter inside the bulb, and the response speed is several tens of milliseconds slower than the rise time of the LED, so be careful to use it. Requires. However, when the rising time of an incandescent light bulb is always constant, the influence of the rising time can be ignored by subtracting the value from the reaction time. The light unit 19 has two lights 19a.
It may be turned on by setting an appropriate lighting time difference using, and as shown in FIG. 5, three lights 19a are used to match the movement of the pitcher of the baseball, and the first light 19a of the signal for entering the pitching movement is displayed. If the second light 19a corresponding to the signal during lighting and the pitching motion is lit and the third light 19a corresponding to the signal at the moment of the pitch is lit, the third light 19a
It is also effective as batting practice, because you can measure the reaction time from the lighting of. Colored glass may be used for the lights 19a, and the three lights 19a installed in the upper, middle, and lower parts are sequentially turned into three lights 19a with a time difference using a means such as irregular lighting.
A more practical effect can be expected by turning on 9a, visually recognizing the last light 19a, and then swinging the last light 19a in the height direction of the position of the last light 19a. Note that the number of lights 19a is not limited to three, and the lights may be arranged in the front / rear direction, the left / right direction, the diagonal direction, or the plane direction instead of the top / bottom direction.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of the light reflection unit 7.
Reference numeral 1 is a bat, 7 is a light reflection unit, and 7a is a light reflection plate, which is a disc-shaped reflection portion. As shown in FIG. 6, in the light reflection unit 7, three light reflection plates 7a are installed at respective positions of vertices forming an isosceles triangle. When swinging on the course passing through the light reflection plate corresponding to the correction optical sensor, the proportional relationship of the passage time T at the distance of the base L of the isosceles triangle, which is the installation distance of the two optical sensors, holds. The operation principle of the optical sensor is ON when the light reflected from the projected light amount and returning is giving a constant amount of light to the light receiving sensor, but it is turned OFF when the amount of received light is below a certain value. . This ON / OFF can be reversed by selecting the terminal of the wiring. In addition, how much the light quantity drops when it is turned off can be arbitrarily adjusted. In FIG. 6, the bat 1 which turns off the first and last optical sensors when the amount of received light is reduced by 50%
The position of is shown. Also, if the user swings near the leading edge and does not pass the correction point, a non-passing alarm sound is generated and the measurement is canceled, so it is easy to understand that the swing near the leading edge is swung. As a result, the passing position of the bat can be maintained accurately, and the occurrence of the third error can be reduced. In the case of a baseball bat, the tip of the bat passes through nearly half the diameter of the light beam emitted from the optical sensor. Area to cut off is 5
Since a signal is output at 0%, an error occurs in the time for passing through the optical axis when the circular reflecting surface is not cut in half from the left and right but is cut in half up and down or in an oblique state. However, under such a condition, since it does not pass through the optical sensor provided at the correction point, it is possible to issue a cancel signal and prevent abnormal measurement.

FIG. 7 shows an isosceles triangle arrangement type optical sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention. The measurement principle will be described below with reference to the drawings. Sensor installation distance L of two optical sensors A and B
An optical sensor that corrects the transit time is provided at the position of the vertex C that forms an isosceles triangle with the bottom as the base. The swing speed is calculated using the time Tx from when the swing body first passed the optical sensor A at the bottom to the passage of the optical sensor C, and the time Ty when the swing body passed the optical sensor B that last passed the optical sensor C. To measure.

The distance between the optical sensors AB is L, and the optical sensor AC is
The distance between S and BC is S, and the distance from the half of the distance between S optical sensors AB to the optical sensor C is H. Let X be the distance after passing the first optical sensor A at an unknown speed V and then passing through the next optical sensor C, and let Y be the distance before passing through the optical sensor C after passing through the optical sensor C at the same speed V. In that case, X and Y are constant values as long as the approach angle does not change even if the speed V increases. Also, the value of the ratio does not change. Now, using the unknown values X and Y, an unknown approach angle θ is to be obtained from the difference or ratio. The approach angle θ is an important determinant factor of speed correction, and if the approach angle θ is obtained, the actual speed V is given by the equation (10), V = L · co
It is easily obtained from sθ / (Tx + Ty). The sum of the unknown distances X and Y is given by equation (11), X + Y = L ·
It is represented by COSθ. Therefore, COSθ is given by the formula (1
2), COS θ = (X + Y) / L. Now, when trying to obtain the true value of the velocity V and therefore obtaining the unknown approach angle θ, the information given at each swing is only the passage times Tx and Ty of the optical sensor. The true velocity V is obtained by obtaining the unknown angle θ using the measurable relationship between Tx and Ty. Below, it is calculated by the formula. Assuming that the bat 1 has passed at an unknown speed V and an unknown approach angle θ, it is assumed that the moving distance in Tx time is X and the moving distance in Ty time is Y. The unknown distance X is represented by Expression (13), X = S · cos (α + θ). Similarly, the unknown distance Y is expressed by equation (14), Y = S · cos
It is represented by (α-θ). Unknown distances Y and X passed
Then, the difference is calculated by the following equation (15): Y−X = S · cos (α−θ) −S · cos (α + θ)
= S (cos (α−θ) −cos (α + θ)) From the relation of the above equation, among the addition theorems of trigonometric functions of the following equation,

Theorem (1) cos (α−θ) = cos α · cos θ
+ Sinα ・ sinθ Theorem (2) cos (α + θ) = cosα ・ cosθ
Substituting equation (16) using −sin α · sin θ gives: Y−X = S · cos (α−θ) −S · cos (α + θ)
Is the equation (16), = S · (cosα · cosθ + sin
α ・ sinθ) -S ・ (cosα ・ cosθ-sinα
・ Sin θ)). When the above formula (16) is calculated, formula (17), Y−X = 2
S · sin α · sin θ. Also, half of the distance L between the photosensors on the bottom side is expressed by the equation (18), L / 2 = H · tan.
It is calculated from (90 ° -α). Further, the distance H of the perpendicular line drawn from the apex angle of the isosceles triangle is expressed by the equation (19), H =
It is calculated by S · sin α. therefore,
The distance L between the photosensors on the bottom side can be expressed by the following equation (20). L = 2H · tan (90 ° −α) Equation (19) is used, and H is S · sinα.
0) becomes equation (21). L = 2S · sin α · tan (90 ° −α) Therefore, the following formula (22) is derived from the formula (21). 2S · sin α = L / tan (90 ° −α) Further, the above formula (17) Y−X = 2S · sin α · s
Substituting equation (22) for in θ, equation (17) yields the following equation (23) Y−X = L · / tan (90 ° −α) · sin θ
become. By rearranging the equation (23), the following equation (24) is replaced. Y−X = L · sin θ / tan (90 ° −α) Further, if the expression is changed, the following expression (25) is obtained. L · sin θ = (Y−X) tan (90 ° −α) In the above equation (25), L · sin θ is the distance between BFs, and the distance obtained by adding X and Y is AF, so tan θ
Is calculated by the following equation (26): tan θ = (Y−X) · tan (90 ° −α) / (X +
Y) Therefore, the approach angle θ is calculated by the following equation (27). θ = arctan (Y−X) · tan (90 ° −α) /
(X + Y) Therefore, when the approach angle θ is represented by the time difference, the following equation (28) is obtained. θ = arctan (Ty−Tx) · tan (90 ° −
α) / (Tx + Ty) Substituting the equation (28) into the equation (1), the following equation (29), which is the same as the equation (6), V = L · cos (arctan ((Ty−Tx) · ta)
n (90 ° -α) / (Ty + Tx))) / (Ty + T
y) is introduced. An accurate swing speed can be obtained by calculating this equation. Here, V is the swing speed, L is the distance Tx between the first and second optical sensors, the time from the passage of the first optical sensor to the passage of the third optical sensor, and Ty is the passage of the third optical sensor. Time until the second optical sensor passes, α
Is the base angle of an isosceles triangle

FIG. 8 shows a photosensor right-angled isosceles triangle arrangement type according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a bat, A and B are the vertices of the base angle, C is the vertex of the apex angle of an isosceles right triangle, D is the position where the line passing through the point C is perpendicular to the point A, and E is the line segment D.
The position where the perpendicular line from the point B hits the extension line of C, L is the point A,
The distance of B, F is the line parallel to the line segment DE and the line E passing through the point A
The position of the intersection with the extension line of B. θ is the approach angle with the line segment AB. The inside of the light reflection plate unit also corresponds to the above.

An optical transmission / reception sensor unit 14 in which an optical sensor is installed at a position forming each vertex of an isosceles right triangle.
make. With each apex forming 45 ° on the bottom side as A and B, one optical sensor is arranged at that position, and one optical sensor for correcting the transit time is arranged at the position of apex C forming a right angle for measurement. Three photosensors are used. Two optical sensors A
An optical sensor for correcting the passage time is provided at a position of a vertex C forming a right-angled isosceles triangle with the sensor installation distances L and B as bases. The swing speed is calculated using the time Tx from when the swing body first passed the optical sensor A at the bottom to the passage of the optical sensor C, and the time Ty when the swing body passed the optical sensor B that last passed the optical sensor C. To measure. First, of the optical sensors arranged at the vertices of an isosceles right triangle, the angle difference C between the line parallel to the base AB and the approach angle of the bat 1
Find OS θ. The following equation (30) is derived from FIG. [theta] = 90 [deg.]-45 [deg.]-arctan (Tx / Ty) In summary, the following equation (31) becomes [theta] = 45 [deg.]-arctan (Tx / Ty). This leads to the following equation (32), which is the same as equation (7). V = L · cos (45 ° -arctan (Tx / T
y)) / (Tx + Ty) By calculating this equation, an accurate swing speed can be obtained. Here, V is the swing speed, L is the distance Tx between the first and second optical sensors, the time from the passage of the first optical sensor to the passage of the third optical sensor, and Ty is the passage of the third optical sensor. Time to pass the second optical sensor

Further, it can be obtained by the following calculation formula. In FIG. 8, since the triangle ABC is a right-angled isosceles triangle, the triangle CAD and the triangle BCE are congruent, and the bat 1 has an unknown velocity V and the approach angle θ and DC between Tx.
If the distance traveled in time is X and the distance traveled between CEs at the same speed V in Ty time is Y, then X = CD = BE, Y = CE = A
Since D and AC = BC = Z, using Pythagorean theorem, the following equation (33), X ^ 2 + Y
^ 2 = Z ^ 2. Further, when the distance between AB is L, the following equations (34), 2 (Z ^ 2) = L ^ 2 are obtained. Therefore, the following equation (35) L ^ 2 = 2 (X ^ 2 + Y ^ 2).
This is squared to derive the following equation (36) L = 2 (X ^ 2 + Y ^ 2) ^ (1/2). By using the equation described above, if the angle between the approach angle of the bat 1 and the straight line AB is plus or minus 45 °, X
The above equation holds regardless of the values of Y and Y.

The formula derived by the Pythagoras theorem is applied to the speed measurement of the swing body to set the measurement principle as follows. When entering at a certain speed V with a line parallel to the base AB and a certain angle θ, the passing time between CDs is Tx, the passing time between CEs is Ty, and the passing speed is V at the bottom AB.
When entering in parallel with, the transit time is Tx + Ty,
In the case of no correction, V = L / (Tx + Ty), which is the denominator of the equation, and the time becomes shorter as the time becomes shorter in the calculation. Comparing the uncorrected and corrected values, X + Y / L
= Cos θ, and the movement time is shorter than the movement along the straight line passing through the base AB, so it is necessary to correct the approach angle COS θ, but by using the Pythagorean theorem, trigonometric functions are not used. Can be corrected.

In FIG. 8, the time T when traveling from A to B along the straight line connecting AB at the same speed V is
Using the Pythagorean theorem, the following equation (37), T = (2 (T
x ^ 2 + Ty ^ 2)) ^ (1/2).
Therefore, since the actual swing speed V is V = L / T, it is substituted into the following equation (38) V = L / (2 (Tx ^ 2 + Ty ^ 2)) ^ (1) / 2)
Lead. An accurate swing speed can be obtained by calculating this equation. Here, V is the swing speed, L is the distance Tx between the first optical sensor and the second optical sensor.
Is the time from the passage of the first optical sensor to the passage of the third optical sensor, and Ty is the time from the passage of the third optical sensor to the passage of the second optical sensor. Note that square rooting is necessary in the calculation, but this is An approximate expression may be used.

By using the above equation (6), (7) or (8), the theoretical error becomes 0, and the error can be corrected with a very high accuracy due to the difference in the approach angle of the speed measurement. . However, the above equations (7) and (8) are satisfied under the condition that the apex angle of the isosceles triangle is 90 °. The above equations (6), (7), and (8) are the angular difference between the straight line AD and the straight line BE dividing the arc drawn by the swing body, that is, the movement angle β.
Since the error due to the approach angle θ theoretically becomes 0 when calculated as 0 °, it is desirable to design the distance L between AB as short as possible and use it within a range that can be considered approximately parallel. .

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of the measurement principle when the swing body draws an arc and enters. As shown in FIG. 9, at the actual movement angle β of the swing body in which the swing body moves in an arc, the equations (6), (7), and (8) show the measurement accuracy up to what extent. Whether or not it can be guaranteed will be explained using Table 1.

[0047]

[Table 1]

In the embodiment shown in Table 1, when the distance L at the bottom of the optical sensor is set to 10 cm, the approach angle is set to 1 when the distance is passed for a total transit time of 3/1000 seconds.
In the table, the movement angle θ is 6 ° in the table in which the angle is changed by 0 ° to 40 °. How to obtain the movement angle β will be described later. The values obtained by calculating the equations (6), (7), and (8) using the times Tx and Ty obtained by measuring the passage time of the optical sensor are the equation (10), V = L · COSθ / It is compared with the value obtained by calculating (TX + TY), and the difference is expressed as% and expressed as a speed error.

In the actual swing body, the speeds of the tip and the hand are different and the locus drawn by the tip is a curve, and it is not easy to analyze because it changes every moment. Hereinafter, the angle from the first center of the swing body passing through the optical sensor in the longitudinal direction of the swing body to the last center of the optical sensor, that is, the movement angle β, will be described using baseball as an example. It is determined that the bat has an overall length of 42 inches and a diameter of the thick portion is 3 inches and not more than 3/4. Converting inches to meters, the total bat length is 106.7 cm or less. Most commonly used bats are about 85 cm long,
The sweet spot is about 15 cm from the tip. When the three ray bundles pass through the vicinity thereof, the radius of gyration of the passing portion is about 100 cm. Assuming that the radius of gyration is about 100 cm, the distance L at the bottom of the optical sensor
Is calculated to be 10 cm, the moving angle β of the bat 1 from the optical sensor that passes first to the optical sensor that passes last is determined by the expression arctan10 / 100, which is calculated to be about 6 °. FIG. 9 is a drawing in which the moving angle of the bat 1 is 6 °, and the value obtained by obtaining the arc length with the base L being 100 mm is taken as an example. Then, the approach angle is changed by 10 ° by the method, and the above equation (6) V = L · cos (arctan ((Ty−Tx) · ta
n (90 ° -α) / (Ty + Tx))) / (Ty + T
y) or the above formula (7) V = L · cos (45 ° -arctan (Tx / T
y)) / (Tx + Ty) or the above formula (8), V = L / (2 (Tx ^ 2 + Ty ^
2)) ^ (1/2) is shown in Table 2 as an example of calculation comparing the difference between the case of parallel entry and the case of parallel entry. Set the distance L at the bottom of the optical sensor to 1
When set to 0 cm, the distance will be the total transit time 3
9 is a table in which the approach angles are changed when passing in / 1000 seconds. From the above data, if the movement angle is within 6 °, the difference in the calculated value compared with the movement angle 0 ° (parallel) is within 1%, and while the movement angle β is small, the measurement error due to the movement angle β is almost ignored. I can do it.

The measurement principle and the calculation formula thereof according to the embodiment of the present invention have been described above. Since the approach angle θ is an unknown angle, an optical sensor installed at each vertex of an isosceles triangle is used. And a transit time Tx measured by crossing the optical axis of the light beam emitted from the first optical sensor and the optical axis of the light beam emitted from the third optical sensor at the point C.
And a passage time Ty measured by crossing the optical axis of the ray bundle emitted from the third optical sensor and the optical axis of the ray bundle emitted from the last optical sensor, a relational expression between the times Tx and Ty is obtained. It is a feature of the present invention that the velocity measurement error caused by the approach angle θ is corrected with extremely high accuracy by calculation.

Although several kinds of calculation formulas are presented, the present invention is not limited to this, and the passing speed is corrected from the relationship between Tx and Ty obtained by dividing and measuring the passing time at the position where the vertices of an isosceles triangle are formed. Expressions other than (6) to (8) may be used as long as they can be calculated. Note that FIG.
9 to FIG. 9 show A as the front passage of the optical sensor and B as the rear passage of the optical sensor as the traveling direction of the bat by the swing of the right grasshopper, but in the left grasshopper, B is the front passage and A is the rear passage. Become. In the equations (6) to (8), the right grasshopper and the left grasshopper enable the signal input order to be easily switched by the changeover switch between the first passage and the second passage regardless of the traveling direction of the bat.

Embodiment 2 FIG. 10 is a use state diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, which will be described below with reference to the drawings. Light reflection sheet 2 attached to bat 1
Swing on the swing trajectory 4. The support pipe 17 is vertically attached to the bottom plate 16, the measuring table 9 is fixed to the support pipe, and the orbit determination device 29 is placed thereon. The optical transmission / reception sensor 18 for a track is attached to the support pipe 17 thereon. A light 19a is attached between the vicinity of the upper end of the support pipe 17 and immediately above the orbital optical transmission / reception sensor 18. The orbital optical transmission / reception sensor 18 is fixed to a support pipe 17 attached to the bottom plate 16 in a vertically movable state by a spring or a screw, and the orbital optical transmission / reception sensor 18 emits a light beam bundle 15 in the horizontal direction. When the bat 1 having the recursive light reflection sheet 2 attached thereto passes through the ray bundle 15 at a position corresponding to a sweet spot, the orbital optical transmission / reception sensor 18 sensor detects the reflected light, and an electric signal is transmitted. Is output. A detection signal is output only when the light reflecting sheet 2 attached to the bat 1 is in a condition of reflecting the light bundle 15, and the detection signal turns on the voice synthesizing circuit to determine whether the swing course is correct or not. Let me know. The light flux 15 can be swung if an arbitrary diffusion angle of the light flux 15 is selected by adjusting the diffusion degree of the light by changing the hole diameter by using a cap type or a lens diaphragm mechanism at the light emission outlet of the optical transmission / reception sensor 18 for orbit. It is good because you can easily select the difficulty level of the course. Also,
If a plurality of orbital optical transmission / reception sensors 18 are provided, and a plurality of lights 19a are attached to the light unit 19 and combined with an irregular light emitting circuit to complicate the quality judgment of the vertical swing course, an even more realistic battle experience can be obtained.

FIG. 11 is a front view of an orbital optical transmission / reception sensor in which an optical sensor and a light are integrated in the usage state diagram of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is a side view of a sensor, 18 is a transmission / reception sensor for orbits, 19a
Is a light.

The integrated orbit sensor for orbiting the orbit will be described below. An orbital optical transmission / reception sensor 18 is provided in the center, and at least one light, preferably about 6 lights are installed around it, and it has an integrated structure. By adopting the structure having, the lighting position as the stimulus information and the light emitting position of the sensor coincide with each other, so that there is an effect that an error in the height direction visually confirmed is eliminated.

Further, a band made of elastic rubber and cloth is put on the bat 1 having a recursive light reflecting sheet 2 attached to a portion corresponding to the sweet spot, and the light reflecting sheet 2 is then covered.
If the area of the light reflecting sheet 2 is made smaller and the swing is performed by covering the stepwise or preparing the reflecting sheet itself in several sizes, more advanced training can be performed and the swing trajectory 4 It helps to accurately reproduce and shake.

Embodiment 3 FIG. 13 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention, and is an explanatory view in which the light emitting direction of the optical sensor is rotatable in a vertical plane. On the casters 5 for movement, the base 6 which spreads in three directions is attached, and the main body 8 is vertically attached on the base 6.
The measuring table 9 is provided on the upper part of the measuring table 10, and the measuring device 10 is placed thereon. On the surface of the measuring device is the digital display surface 11 of the LED. The light reflection unit 7 and the light transmission / reception sensor unit 14 are attached to the vertically rotating sensor arm 13. From the light transmission / reception sensor unit 14, a ray bundle 15 is emitted toward the light reflection unit 7. A light unit 19 is provided on the upper surface of the measuring instrument 10, and three lights 19a are provided. Sensor arm 1
A vertically rotatable mechanism 23 is attached to the unit 3.

If the sensor arm 9 has a structure of a vertically rotatable support mechanism 23 that can be vertically moved and rotated in a vertical plane, and the light transmission / reception sensor unit 14 is made to emit light horizontally, for example, it is turned on irregularly. Light unit 1
At the swing-down start signal of 9, the swing body vertically swinging down, such as a stick, a wooden sword, or a bamboo sword, crosses the light ray bundle 15 to measure the swing speed at which the swinging body swings down. This measured value is displayed on the digital display surface 15 of the measuring device 14. In this way, by making the sensor arm 13 the structure of the variable support mechanism that can rotate up and down such that the light emitting direction of the light transmitting and receiving sensor unit 19 can be changed to the horizontal direction or the oblique direction, not only the swing-down speed but also the position directly above the foot You can also measure the kicking speed in the diagonal direction. Moreover, since the measurement of the passing speed of the swing body adopts the measurement principle of speed correction using the isosceles triangle described above, the measured numerical value is reliable. By making it possible to measure reaction time at the same time, it becomes a device that can be practiced in order to acquire quick action power such as agility. In addition, if it is a device that works with a microcomputer, it is very useful as a comprehensive analysis device for various exercise abilities.

Fourth Embodiment FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention. In the optical transmission / reception sensor unit 14, optical sensors are arranged at respective vertices of an isosceles triangle, and the light emitting direction is fixed horizontally. FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of a device for a simulation game, which is provided with a light 19a for a swing start signal and a tapping table 25. A ray bundle 15 is emitted from the light transmission / reception sensor unit 14 toward the light reflection unit 7. Three lights 19a are attached from the front of the box. Three knockers 25 are attached to the lower side of the light beam before this, and a stowage unit for the hammer 24 is provided on the lower front surface thereof. CR in the upper center of the front
The T display device 26 is attached, and the speakers 27 are attached to the left and right of the T display device 26. There is a coin slot 28 on the lower front side.

In the present invention, since the principle of swing speed measurement is such that the signal is taken out from the passage time due to the passage of the optical sensor, the speed of the swing body can be measured in a non-contact manner, so that the device has good durability. Moreover, since the speed correction mechanism using an isosceles triangle is attached, the measured numerical value is reliable. A switch mechanism at the preparatory stage for starting the game is turned on by a means such as inserting a coin into the coin slot 28. By pressing the start button, after a set number of seconds, lighting of the light 19a for outputting the stimulation information of the light generated at irregular time intervals starts. According to the start signal of the light 19a, the tapping stick 24 is used to hit the tapping table 25 installed on the side of the light 19a in the light 19a. Tapping stand 25
Since the switch has a built-in switch mechanism, time measurement starts at the swing start signal, the swinging rod 24 starts swinging, and the moment the tapping platform 25 is hit, the platform 25 supported by a spring or rubber sinks and the microswitch is activated. A switch mechanism such as a reed switch detects the reaction time, and the detection signal measures the reaction time from the swing signal to the hitting of the table 25. At the same time, the tapping rod 24 has three light sensors arranged at the respective vertices of an isosceles triangle, and passes through the three light beam bundles 15 arranged to emit light horizontally from the light transmitting / receiving sensor unit 14 to the light reflecting unit 7. Thus, the passing time of each ray bundle is measured, and the numerical value is input to the arithmetic circuit of the measurement principle described in FIGS. 7 to 9 above, the swing speed is calculated and displayed on the CRT display device 26. The reaction time and the swing speed are displayed every time the process is repeated a plurality of times by using the arithmetic circuit. The display may use the digital display surface 11 of the LED. Also,
In the condition setting that a synthesized sound is generated only when the tapping table 25 of the flashing light 19a in the choreography light 19a is tapped, each time the tapping bar 25 is tapped on the tapping table 25, an effective stimulating effect is obtained in combination with the switch mechanism. A synthesized sound is generated from the speaker 27. After the set number of times has elapsed, the reaction time and the swing speed can be displayed as an average value, a maximum value or a minimum value, a variation value and a combination thereof. Also,
The data can also be printed. It should be noted that it is effective to use an image representation as the method of displaying the stimulus information as the swing start signal, the progress, and the measurement result. As mentioned above, by measuring reaction time and swing speed, it can be provided to leisure facilities and athletic facilities as a game device that can be enjoyed while trying out physical reflexes and strength, and as a simulation device that can be measured while having fun. It is characterized by.

[0060]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, various swing training can be performed by using the present invention. The effect of using this device for improving the batting ability of baseball will be described below. Using this measuring device, it is possible to scientifically learn the important three elements of hitting, which are not possible with conventional devices, such as timing, swing course, and powerful butting based on the theory of motor learning. Out. You can practice indoors without the need for a large space like practice with a batting machine or tosbatting. Also, since you can practice individually, it is also suitable for training at home. By repeating the practice based on the batting measurement information, it becomes possible to practice the bat swing most suitable for each player. Also, by linking it with a personal computer, advanced measurement and practice can be performed, which can be useful for athletes' ability development. In recent motor learning theory, it is considered that how much feedback (correction) information can be incorporated into the feedforward (prediction) mechanism plays an important role. This is because there is a law of motor learning that "motor is learned as a function with feedback". In the absence of feedback information, no matter how hard you practice, you will be able to train your muscles but not improve. The present invention is a system in which this important feedback information is obtained numerically. The difference from the target value can be confirmed numerically, and it is possible to improve the series of hitting capabilities starting from the feedforward mechanism. In practice using this system, the relationship between the increase in the amount of practice and the improvement in the batting ability can be developed with a learning curve according to the characteristics of the individual, so that a dramatic flowering of the batting ability can be expected. Further, by using the present invention, it is possible to confirm numerically the exercise effect that is useful for training the eyes, brain, spinal cord, nerve tissue, skeletal muscles, and spirit that are directly related to the swing, and making sure to leap forward. Also, the weight of the bat
You can check subtle changes in balance such as length and shape and changes in physical condition of athletes as numerical values, and you can select bats and training methods that are suitable for each athlete. As described above, the swing measuring device of the present invention is not limited to the measurement of the swing speed,
If you use it in addition to the practice method of batting training, you can grasp the daily growth of each athlete and the physical condition change of that day as objective numerical data, and improve the batting ability and analyze the swing by a scientific method. You will be able to do so, which is very useful.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a conventional measuring method.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional measurement principle.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the influence of the impact time difference.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an influence of a hitting position.

FIG. 5 is a usage state diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a measurement principle according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a measurement principle according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a measurement principle according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a usage state diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a logical flowchart of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a logical flowchart of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a logical flowchart of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a logical flowchart of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a logical flowchart of one embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Bat 16 Bottom Plate 2 Light Reflecting Sheet 17 Support Pipe 3 Sensor Unit 18 Optical Transmission / Reception Sensor for Orbit 4 Swing Orbit 19 Light Unit 5 Casters 19a Light 6 Base 20 Personal Computer 7 Light Reflecting Unit 21 Liquid Crystal Display Screen 7a Light Reflecting Plate 22 Printer 8 Main unit support pipe 23 Vertically rotatable mechanism 9 Measuring table 24 Tapping bar 10 Measuring instrument 25 Tapping table 11 Digital display surface 26 CRT
Display device 12 Fixing screw 27 Speaker 13 Sensor arm 28 Coin slot 14 Optical transmission / reception sensor unit 29 Orbit determination device 15 Ray bundle 30 Ball reference number P95BM32-20 Document written with chemical formula, etc.

[Table 1]

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] April 19, 1996

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0029

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

FIGS. 15 to 19 are logical flow charts for performing swing measurement in the case of the baseball according to one embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 5, which will be described below with reference to the drawings. After turning on the various power supplies, select start or manual start. If you choose manual, the device is designed to work only with the microcomputer, and if you choose automatic, the device works with the microcomputer via the instructions of your computer. Here, in the present invention, terms used for distinguishing between a microcomputer and a personal computer will be described. "A microcomputer is an abbreviation for a microcomputer. It has a central processing unit called a CPU, which is composed of one or more LSI chips, and has a plurality of semiconductor integrated circuit memories and input / output circuits. In some cases, an external storage device is included, but when it comes to the scale, it is called a personal computer. Although there is no precise definition of a personal computer, a personal computer is a size that can be placed on a desktop , A device such as a mouse or an input device such as a floppy disk or a hard disk, which can be freely programmed by the user later. ”

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] FIG.

[Correction method] Change

[Correction Explanation logic flow changes Figure 16 Figure 15 a logical flow chart of FIG. 13, 17, 18

[Procedure 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] FIG.

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content] The logic flow chart of FIG . 14 is changed to the logic flow chart of FIG .

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] FIG.

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents] changes 15 the logic flow to a logical flow chart of FIG. 17 in FIG. 15, 16, 18

[Procedure Amendment 5]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] FIG.

[Correction method] Change

[Correction Explanation changing the logic flow chart of FIG. 16 in the logic flowchart of FIG. 18 FIG. 15, 15, 17, 19

[Procedure correction 6]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] FIG.

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content] The logic flow chart of FIG . 17 is changed to the logic flow chart of FIG.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A swing measuring device for measuring the speed of a swinging body according to a transit time of the swinging body passing between two points, wherein two optical sensors emitted substantially parallel to the same direction are installed at intervals. , A third photosensor that emits substantially parallel to the same direction as the photosensor is provided at the position of the apex forming the isosceles triangle with the base between the two points where the two photosensors are installed. The time Tx from the optical sensor that first detects the passage of the swinging body in the optical sensor to the passage of the third optical sensor, and the time Ty from the third optical sensor to the last passed optical sensor. From the value of 2
A swing measuring device, characterized in that the speed of a swinging body passing between points is obtained. 2. An apparatus for measuring a reaction time by receiving a stimulus information and inputting a signal to a switch means, and at least one lighting means that lights irregularly at a predetermined distance and a light beam at a predetermined distance. An optical sensor that emits a bundle,
A swing characterized by having a means for measuring the time from when the last lighting of the lighting means is started until the swing body crosses the optical axis of the light beam emitted from the optical sensor. measuring device. 3. A measuring device for determining the quality of a swing trajectory, wherein at least one optical sensor which emits a bundle of rays in a substantially horizontal direction and which is vertically movable at a predetermined distance is provided, and the bundle of rays of the sensor is reflected. A swing body having a reflection sheet attached thereto, and a stimulus sound generation circuit that emits a sound indicating that the swing is correct when an optical sensor receives a light flux reflected by the reflection sheet. Swing measuring device.