JPH0970763A - Wrench - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve the holding work and the opening work by upper and lower jaws relative to a nut, etc., in one operation by turning a lever arranged on a head part of a wrench body rearward to remove an engagement tooth formed on a front face of the lever from a rack formed on a movable lower jaw. SOLUTION: In using a wrench, when an inclined rod part 9b of a lever 9 projected from a head part 1b of a wrench body 1 is turned rearward, an engagement tooth 10 formed on the lever 9 is removed from a rack 5 formed on a vertical shaft part 4a of a movable lower jaw 4, and separated rearward. When a nut N is interposed between a fixed upper jaw 2, and the movable lower jaw 4 is pressed down, the nut N can be held between the upper and lower jaws 2, 4. When a holding rod 6 is turned to a grip handle 1a side, the lever 9 is lifted, a locking face 10a of the engagement tooth 10 is engaged with a locking face 5b of the rack 5, and the opposite holding faces 2a, 4b of the upper and lower jaws 2, 4 are pressed against the nut N to allow the nut N to be turnable.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in a wrench used for tightening and loosening bolt heads and nuts.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various structures of tools called wrench and spanner have been developed. For example, a fixed upper jaw and a movable lower jaw are provided on the head of the handle, a worm rotatably supported on the head is meshed with a rack formed on the back of the movable lower jaw, and this worm is attached to the rack. It is movable in the direction of engagement and disengagement against the spring and the movable lower jaw is always biased upward by the spring force, and the worm is retracted from the state in which the movable lower jaw is separated from the fixed upper jaw. It is known that when removed, the movable lower jaw is instantaneously moved upward by the spring force, and the nut is clamped by the one-touch operation between the opposing surfaces of the upper and lower jaws.

Further, as described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 55-103161, a movable lower jaw is always urged upward by a spring, and a nut is sandwiched while expanding the upper and lower jaws against the spring. In addition to that, by engaging and tightening the lever pivotally attached to the handle, the engaging teeth provided in the head are locked to the rack provided on the back surface of the movable lower jaw, and on the facing surfaces of the upper and lower jaws. There has also been devised a structure in which the nut is clamped and the tightening operation is performed.

[0004]

However, in any of the above-mentioned wrenches, the movable lower jaw is separated from the fixed upper jaw side while holding the wall surface on the opposite side of the nut between the facing surfaces of the upper and lower jaws by the spring force. Since the structure is such that the rack and the worm or the rack and the engaging tooth are engaged with each other, the structure of these teeth causes the lower surface of the rack tooth and the worm tooth or the engaging tooth when the nut is clamped. Since the locking surfaces of the upper surface and the upper surface are completely in contact with each other and cannot be maintained in the engaged state, a slight gap (play) is generated. Therefore, when the handle of the wrench is rotated, the movable lower jaw moves slightly downward against the spring, and the opposing clamping surfaces of the upper and lower jaws are crimped in line contact with the corners of the nut instead of the wall on the opposite side. However, if tightening and loosening work is performed in this state, not only smooth work cannot be performed, but also a large crimping force is concentrated on the corners of the nut, causing deformation such as crushing of the corners. there were.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to solve such a problem, and can be easily attached to and detached from a bolt head or a nut, and at the time of tightening or loosening the bolt head or the nut. Forcibly clamp the opposing surfaces of the upper and lower jaws against the wall surface on the opposite side of the bolt head or nut with a uniform crimping force, and smoothly and securely tighten without deforming the corners of the bolt head or nut. It provides a wrench that enables work.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the wrench of the present invention is such that a wrench body is integrally provided with a head having a fixed upper jaw at the front end of the handle and gripped at the front end portion of the handle. The front end of the rod is rotatably pivoted by a pin, and a groove hole is formed between the upper and lower end surfaces of the head, and the vertical shaft portion of the movable lower jaw provided facing the fixed upper jaw is slid into the groove hole. A lever is provided which is movably inserted and which is formed on the rear side of the slot and communicates with the slot. The lever has a lever whose upper end projects upward from the slot, and the lower end of the lever. A support pin attached to the gripping rod is inserted into a vertically elongated long hole penetrating both sides of the head at the front of the pivoting pin of the gripping rod, and both ends of the support pin are attached to the tip of the gripping rod. Inserting and further forming a rack on the back of the vertical shaft part of the movable lower jaw, while the lever Engaging teeth are formed on the front end face to lock the movable lower jaw to prevent downward movement of the movable lower jaw, and this lever is elastically pressed to the vertical shaft side of the movable lower jaw by the spring force and the gripping rod is spring-loaded. It has a structure that is biased upward by.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The wrench body has a known form in which a head having a fixed upper jaw is integrally formed at the front end of a handle, and the movable lower jaw is vertically movable with respect to the fixed upper jaw. It is provided in. Further, in the present invention, a rack is formed on the back surface of the vertical shaft portion that is integral with the movable lower jaw that slides up and down in the slot provided in the head portion, while the vertical shaft portion is formed in the rear space portion of the vertical shaft portion. A lever having engaging teeth for engaging with the rack is provided, and the support pin at the lower end of the lever is passed through both side wall parts of the head through a long hole in the up and down direction, and both ends of the lever are attached to the tip of the handle. The lever is rotatably pivotally attached to the end of the gripping rod, and the lever urges the lever to the rack side of the vertical shaft portion, and the gripping rod urges it upward by another spring. It has structural features. Further, each tooth of the rack is formed in a sawtooth shape whose lower surface side is a substantially horizontal locking surface.

Therefore, when the lever is rotated rearward about the support pin against the spring force, the engaging teeth of the lever are disengaged from the rack of the vertical shaft portion of the movable lower jaw, and the movable lower jaw freely moves up and down. It will be possible. When tightening a bolt head or a nut (hereinafter, referred to as a nut), first, the movable lower jaw is moved to the fixed upper jaw side, and the nut is sandwiched by the facing surfaces of the upper and lower jaws. This time,
A vertical shaft integral with the movable lower jaw slides the rack up over the engaging teeth of the lever and moves up the slot.

When the movable lower jaw moves upward and its upper surface abuts the lower side wall surface of the opposite side of the nut, the nut is clamped by the facing surfaces of the upper and lower jaws and the rack is locked to the engaging teeth of the lever. Then it is prevented from separating from the nut,
In most cases, it is on the front side of the horizontal locking surface, that is, on the inclined surface of the sawtooth-shaped rack tooth, rather than when the horizontal locking surface of the rack tooth and the engaging teeth of the lever are completely locked. The engaging teeth of the lever are engaged with the lever, and a slight gap (play) is generated between the nut and the facing surfaces of the upper and lower jaws.

The occurrence of this play is similar to that of a monkey wrench which has been used for tightening a nut for a long time and is configured to move a movable lower jaw having a rack to a fixed upper jaw side by rotating a worm. Although the nut can be tightened and unfastened in this state, the opposing clamping surfaces of the upper and lower jaws are locked to the corners of the nut in the direction of rotation without completely adhering to the wall surfaces of the nut. Not only does the large crimping force concentrate on the corners, deformations such as crushing occur on the corners, but also smooth tightening and loosening work cannot be performed.

According to the present invention, from this state in which the play is generated, the movable lower jaw is further moved upward so that the wall surface of the nut is firmly pinched by the opposing surfaces of the upper and lower jaws to perform the tightening / loosening work. I have to. That is, when the grip rod of the wrench body is gripped and tightened, the support pin fixed to the tip of the grip rod is lifted upward along the inside of the long hole and the lever attaching the support pin is integrally lifted. The movable lower jaw is forced to the nut side with the engaging teeth locked to the rack locking surface of the vertical shaft portion of the movable lower jaw, and the opposing clamping surfaces of the upper and lower jaws on the opposite side of the nut. The nuts are tightened and loosened in this state by firmly and firmly crimping both wall surfaces.

[0012]

EXAMPLE An example of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In FIGS. 1 to 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a wrench body in which a head 1b is integrally formed at the tip of a handle 1a. Its head
The upper end of 1b is formed on the fixed upper jaw 2 protruding forward, and the circular hole 3a and the front of the circular hole 3a extend from the upper surface of the base of the fixed upper jaw 2 to the lower end surface of the head 1b. A vertical slot 3 having a keyhole-shaped cross section, which is formed of a narrow slot 3b communicating with the center of the section, is formed in a penetrating state. The narrow groove portion 3b of the groove hole 3 is opened at the tip surface of the head 1b vertically extending downward from the base end of the lower surface of the fixed upper jaw 2 and the movable lower jaw 4 is provided in the groove hole 3. The vertical shaft portion 4a is fitted in such a manner that it can slide vertically.

The vertical shaft portion 4a has the same sectional shape as that of the slot 3, and the movable lower jaw 4 is integrally provided so as to project from the lower portion of the vertical shaft portion 4a toward the front. The movable lower jaw 4 is formed wider than the vertical shaft portion 4a and moves up and down while sliding both sides of the back surface of the head portion 1b to the front end surface of the head portion 1b to move the upper surface thereof (hereinafter referred to as a sandwiching surface 4b) and the fixed portion. The lower surface of the upper jaw 2 (hereinafter referred to as the sandwiching surface 2a) holds the bolt head or the nut in a known manner. Further, a saw-tooth-shaped rack 5 is formed in a portion of the back surface of the vertical shaft portion 4a of the movable lower jaw 4 that extends from the upper end to the vicinity of the lower end. Each tooth of the rack 5 has an inclined surface 5a on the upper side and a substantially horizontal locking surface 5b on the lower side.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a gripping rod which is pivotally attached to the front end of the handle 1a by a pin 11 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction. The gripping rod 6 is substantially right angled downward to both side ends of the upper wall 6a wider than the handle 1a. The two side walls 6b, 6b that are bent to form a bifurcated projecting portion 6c, 6c that is provided at the front end of the both side walls 6b, 6b so as to project toward the front. Cover the projecting pieces 6b, 6b so as to straddle both side surfaces of the connecting portion between the handle 1a and the head 1b of the wrench body 1, and insert the holes 12 penetrating between the both sides at the front end of the handle 1a. Both ends of the inserted pin 11 are connected to the projecting piece 6
It is fixed in a penetrating state to a hole 13 formed at the base end portions of b and 6b.

The grip rod 6 is disposed obliquely upward from the pivot pin 11 to the upper end surface of the handle 1a toward the rear.
The grip handle 1a and the grip rod 6 are integrally gripped, and the grip rod 6 is rotated downward with respect to the grip handle 1a. 14
Is a spring wound around a shaft 15 fixed in an intermediate portion of the gripping rod 6 in the longitudinal direction, one end of which is an upper wall of the gripping rod 6.
The other end of the gripping rod 6a is elastically contacted with the upper surface of the handle 1a and the inner surface of the gripping rod 6a.
Is always urged upward.

Reference numeral 7 denotes a lever arranging space portion provided in the rear end portion of the groove hole 3 in the base end portion of the head portion 1b, which is formed to have a smaller width than the circular hole portion 3a of the groove hole 3 and has a circular shape. Hole 3a
Is in communication with. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, elongated holes 8 are formed in the lower end portion of the facing side wall surface of the space portion 7 so as to penetrate the both outer surfaces of the head portion 1b of the wrench body 1. The elongated hole 8 is located on the arc line centered on the pivot pin 11 of the grip rod 6 and on the front side of the pivot pin, and is elongated in the vertical direction.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a lever disposed behind the vertical shaft portion 4a of the movable lower jaw 4, and includes a vertical rod portion 9a and an inclined rod portion 9b which is inclined obliquely upward toward the rear at the upper end of the vertical rod portion 9a. Is formed in a side-faced V shape, and the vertical rod portion 9a is arranged in the space portion 7 and the inclined rod portion 9b is arranged so as to project upward from the space portion 7. There is. The vertical rod of this lever 9
At the center of the front surface of 9a, several engaging teeth 10 which can be freely engaged and disengaged with a rack 5 formed on the back surface of the vertical shaft portion 4a of the movable lower jaw 4 are formed in the longitudinal direction. The upper side surface of the reference numeral 10 is a substantially horizontal locking surface 10a, and the lower side surface thereof is an inclined surface 10b. Further, a support pin 16 is attached to the lower end portion of the lever 9 in a penetrating state, and both end portions of the support pin 16 penetrate the elongated holes 8 and 8 to project the protruding pieces 6c and 6c of the gripping rod 6. It is attached to the tip end in a erected state.

Numeral 17 is press-fitted in the space 7 between the back surface of the vertical rod 9a of the lever 9 and the rear wall surface of the space 7.
With the provided spring, the lever 9 is elastically pressed from the back surface so that the engaging teeth 10 are engaged with the rack 5 of the vertical shaft portion 4a of the movable lower jaw 4.

The operation of the wrench in the embodiment constructed as described above will be explained. As shown by a solid line in FIG. 3, the inclined rod portion 9b of the lever 9 protruding from the head portion 1b of the wrench body 1, the elastic force of the spring 17 is suppressed. When the support pin 16 is rotated rearward against the force, the engaging teeth 10 formed on the front surface of the lever 9 are removed from the rack 5 formed on the back surface of the vertical shaft portion 4a of the movable lower jaw 4. It comes off and separates backward. Therefore, in this state, the movable lower jaw 4 can freely move up and down while sliding the vertical shaft portion 4a in the slot 3 provided in the head portion 1b of the wrench body 1.

Further, as shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. 3, in the state where the engaging teeth 10 of the lever 9 are locked to the rack 5 of the vertical shaft portion 4a, the rack 5 has a saw tooth shape. While the upper surface of each tooth is formed on the inclined surface 5a, the inclined surface
Since the lower surface of the engaging tooth 10 of the lever 9 that engages with 5a is also formed as the inclined surface 10b, if the movable lower jaw 4 is pushed up to the fixed upper jaw 2 side as shown by the arrow in the figure, each of the racks 5 is moved. The movable lower jaw 4 can approach and move to the fixed upper jaw 2 so that the inclined surface 5a of the tooth slides on the inclined surface 10b of the engaging tooth 10 of the lever 9. Therefore, when the movable lower jaw 4 is pushed up as described above with the nut N interposed between the fixed upper jaw 2 and the movable lower jaw 4, the opposing holding surfaces of the upper and lower jaws 2 and 4 are held.
The nut N can be sandwiched between 2a and 4b with one touch.

However, even when the opposing sandwiching surfaces 2a and 4b of the fixed upper jaw 2 and the movable lower jaw 4 are brought into contact with the mutually parallel wall surfaces (upper and lower surfaces) of the nut N, the respective teeth of the rack 5 are locked. The surface 5b and the locking surface 10a of the engaging tooth 10 hardly coincide with each other and are locked to each other, and the locking surface 5b of each tooth of the rack 5 is on the middle portion of the inclined surface 10b of the engaging tooth 10. Moveable lower jaw 4 located at
When the wheel is released, as shown in FIG. 4, the gap between the wall surface of the nut N and the holding surface 4a of the movable lower jaw 4 is equal to or smaller than the pitch of the teeth of the rack 5 (the pitch of the teeth of the engaging teeth 10). (Play) C will occur.

From this state, the gripping rod 6 is gripped together with the handle 1a of the wrench body 1 to resist the force of the spring 14, and the pin 11
When the grip rod 6 is rotated to the handle 1a side around the center, the support pin 16 extending laterally between the bifurcated protrusions 6c of the grip rod 6 as shown in FIG. The lever 9 mounted on the support pin 16 is lifted by moving upward in the long holes 8 provided in both side wall portions of the wrench body 1 around 11 as a center. By this lifting operation of the lever 9, the engaging surface 10a of the engaging tooth 10 of the lever 9 is engaged with the engaging surface 5b of the rack 5.
The vertical shaft portion 4a of the movable lower jaw 4 provided with the rack 5 is moved upward in a state of being engaged with the upper and lower jaws 2 by the gripping force for gripping the handle 1a and the gripping rod 6 while eliminating the gap C. Four
The opposing holding surfaces 2a, 4b are uniformly and firmly pressed against the upper and lower wall surfaces of the nut N on the opposite side.

Therefore, the nut N is not disengaged between the upper and lower jaws 2 and 4, and if the grip handle 1a of the wrench body 1 is rotated together with the gripping rod 6 in the tightening direction of the nut N, the turning force is the upper and lower jaws. The nuts 2 and 4 act evenly on the upper and lower wall surfaces of the nut N that is in close contact with the entire surface, so that the nut N can be tightened smoothly and reliably. At this time, if the gripping force on the gripping rod 6 is weakened after the nut N that rotates the handle 1a and the gripping rod 6 by a certain angle is screwed, the crimping force of the upper and lower jaws 2 and 4 on the nut N is reduced. As it is unraveled, a slight gap is created between the nut N and the upper and lower jaws 2 and 4, so that nut N
The upper and lower jaws 2 and 4 are separated from the upper and lower jaws, and the wrench body 1 is returned to the original operating posture.
After inserting the opposing surfaces of No. 4, the gripping rod 6 is gripped and tightened, and the tightening work is performed in a state where the wall surface of the nut N is firmly clamped in the same manner as above.

[0024]

As described above, according to the wrench of the present invention,
By rotating the lever arranged on the head of the wrench body backwards against the spring force, the engaging teeth formed on the front surface of the lever are formed on the back surface of the vertical shaft of the movable lower jaw. Since the movable lower jaw can be freely moved up and down with respect to the fixed upper jaw because it can be removed from the rack, it is possible to clamp and open the bolt head and nut with the upper and lower jaws with one touch. Needless to say, the lever is configured to be lifted upward by gripping and tightening the gripping rod pivotally attached to the handle of the wrench body, so that it engages with the engaging teeth formed on the lever. The movable lower jaw integrated with the vertical shaft can be moved upward through the rack of the vertical shaft, and therefore the gripping force of the gripping rod acts as a clamping force for the bolt head and nut between the movable lower jaw and the fixed upper jaw. , The opposing clamping surface of the movable lower jaw and the fixed upper jaw can be firmly and completely crimped to the wall surface on the opposite side of the bolt head or nut, smoothly and securely without deforming the corners of the bolt head or nut. It is possible to perform various tightening and loosening work.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a wrench of the present invention,

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional front view of the head,

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional side view showing a state where the rack and the engagement teeth are disengaged from each other;

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of a state in which a nut is grasped by upper and lower jaws,

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional side view showing a state in which the grip bar is rotated downward,

FIG. 6 is a side view showing a use state.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Wrench main body 1a Grip handle 1b Head 2 Fixed upper jaw 3 Groove hole 4 Movable lower jaw 4a Vertical shaft portion 5 Rack 6 Grip rod 7 Space portion 8 Long hole 9 Lever 10 Engaging tooth 16 Support pin 17 Spring

Front Page Continuation (72) Inventor Kazuo Yoshida 158 Minoyama, Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture Super Tool Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A front end of a grip rod is rotatably pivoted by a pin to the front end portion of the grip handle of a wrench body integrally provided with a head having a fixed upper jaw on the front end of the handle. A groove hole is provided between the upper and lower end surfaces of the movable lower jaw, the vertical shaft portion of the movable lower jaw provided opposite to the fixed upper jaw is slidably fitted into the groove hole, and the groove hole is formed on the rear side of the groove hole. A lever having a communicating space is formed, and an upper end of the lever protrudes upward from the space, and a support pin attached to the lower end of the lever is attached to the front of the pivot pin of the gripping rod. At the both ends of the head, the long holes extending in the up-down direction are inserted into both ends of the supporting pin, and the ends of the supporting pin are attached to the tips of the gripping rods. While forming
Engaging teeth are formed on the front end face of the lever to lock the rack to prevent downward movement of the movable lower jaw, and the lever is elastically pressed toward the vertical shaft portion side of the movable lower jaw by the spring force, and the gripping rod is also provided. A wrench characterized in that the spring is biased upward by a spring force.