JPH0960851A - Stepped sliding stoker - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain uniform air distribution at all times inspite of the condition of waste layer on a fire bed, in a stepped sliding stoker applied for a waste incinerator. SOLUTION: Respective fire grates 2, 3 are constituted of fire grate bodies 4, sliding bodies 5 and air outlet ports 6 while a sliding body 5, abutted detachably against the upper surface of fire grate body 4 of a fore stage slidably, is provided at the fore side of the fire grate body 4, attached to a hearth frame 7 so as to show a hollow state formed of an air passage 8. Further, the air outlet port 6 is formed between the lower end of fore side of the fire grate body 4 and the upper end of fore side of the sliding body 5.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a stair-sliding type stoker applied to, for example, a refuse incinerator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a stair sliding type stoker of this type, those shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 have been known.
The stair sliding stoker 50 has fixed grate 51 and movable grate 52 alternately arranged in the front-rear direction. Each grate 51, 52 is attached to a grate frame (grate attachment frame) 53, and the grate frame 53 for a movable grate of them is attached to an actuation frame 54. When the reciprocating drive device (not shown) is operated, the operation frame 54 is moved in the front-back direction on the slide 55, the movable grate 52 is reciprocated with respect to the fixed grate 51, and dust is upstream of the fire bed. Will be incinerated while being transferred downstream. An ash hopper 56 for receiving fallen ash is provided under the fire bed,
Below this, a falling ash conveyor (not shown) for discharging the falling ash is provided. The combustion air A is sent into the ash discharge hopper 56, and an air outlet 57 (adjacent upper and lower grate 51, 5 is formed at the tip of each grate 51, 52.
It is ejected into the waste layer from the space formed between the two) and burns the waste. The grate body 58 forming each of the grates 51 and 52 is provided with fins 59 for lowering the temperature, and heat is dissipated by the contact of the combustion air A. The dust layer on the stairs sliding stoker 50 is
It is a mixture of miscellaneous materials such as paper, plastic, kitchen waste, wood bamboo, cans, glass, etc. The combustion of paper and plastic is fast, and these create blow-through holes in the dust layer, and the combustion air blows out to make the dust layer uniform. Burning is hindered, uneven burning occurs, and the amount of ash burned is reduced. Therefore, in order to perform complete combustion, a large fire area is required.

[0003]

However, in the conventional one, since the combustion air is simply blown out from the air outlet of each grate through the inside of the ashing hopper, the dust layer on the fire bed Regardless of what, it was not always possible to achieve a uniform air distribution. The present invention was devised to solve this problem in view of the above problems, and the object is to always perform a uniform air distribution regardless of the dust layer on the fire bed. It is to provide a stair-sliding stoker that can

[0004]

The stair-sliding stoker of the present invention is basically a stair-sliding stoker in which a fixed grate and a movable grate are alternately arranged in the front-rear direction. A grate body having a hollow shape in which each of the grate is attached to a grate frame and an air passage is formed from the rear side to the lower part of the front side, and the grate body is detachably provided on the front side of the grate body. A sliding body that forms a part of the passage and is slidably fitted to the upper surface of the front grate body, and is formed between the front lower end of the grate body and the front upper end of the sliding body to form an air passage. The feature is that it consists of an air outlet that communicates.

When the movable grate is reciprocated in the front-back direction with respect to the fixed grate by the reciprocating drive device, the refuse is incinerated while being transferred from the upstream side to the downstream side of the fire bed. The combustion air is
From the rear side of the grate body, it passes through an air passage, passes through a nozzle installed in the grate, and is jetted from an air outlet. As a result, the amount of air discharged from each grate can be made equal, and a uniform air distribution can always be obtained regardless of the dust layer on the fire bed. At this time, since the air passage is formed in the grate body, the grate body is cooled by the combustion air passing therethrough, and is prevented from being burned even if it receives radiant heat from the dust layer. The sliding body is detachably attached to the grate body and is always slidably fitted on the upper surface of the grate body in the preceding stage.
Combustion air passing through the air passage does not leak from here, and the incineration ash on the grate can be pushed forward. The air outlet is formed between the lower end of the front side of the grate body and the upper end of the front side of the sliding body, and is located above the front side height of the sliding body, so it is blocked due to incineration ash on the grate body. Hard to be done. Even if incineration ash enters from the air outlet, it can be blown into the dust layer by the combustion air from the air passage.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional side view showing an outline of a staircase sliding stoker according to the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a of FIG.
The front view which shows each arrow of-a, b-b, c-c, d-d, and e-e. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a refuse incinerator in which each grate is installed horizontally. FIG. 5: is a schematic diagram which shows the refuse incinerator which installed each grate incline.

In the staircase sliding type stoker 1, fixed grate 2 and movable grate 3 are alternately arranged in the front-rear direction (trash feed direction, left-right direction in FIG. 1), and each grate 2, 3 is arranged. Is composed of a grate body 4, a sliding body 5, and an air outlet 6.

[0008] The grate body 4 is attached to the fire bed frame 7 and has a hollow shape in which an air passage 8 is formed from the rear side to the lower part of the front side. In this example, the upper wall 9 and the upper wall 9 are formed. A front wall 10 continuously provided on the front side, left and right side walls 11 provided on both sides of the front wall 10, and a plurality of (five) air passages 8 vertically extending across the upper wall 9 and the front wall 10. A plurality of (four) fins 12 to be divided, a partition wall 13 vertically extending between both side walls 11 near the front side of the upper wall 9 to divide the air passage 8 and the fin 12 into front and rear, and perforated in the upper portion thereof. A plurality of (five) air holes 14 communicating the divided and divided air passages 8, a pair of left and right receiving projections 15 projecting in the middle of the inside of both side walls 11, and a partition wall. A plate-shaped air guide which is inserted between the lower side of the fin 12 on the rear side of 13 and the receiving projection 15 to form each air passage 8. It is made up of 6. The corners of the upper wall 9 and the front wall 10 are arcuate. Air holes 14
Is a pressure loss (for example, 50 to 150 mm) in the grate 2 and 3.
(H ₂ O) so that the combustion air A can be uniformly supplied from the grate 2 or 3 into the incinerator.
An arbitrary pressure loss can be obtained by changing the size of 4.

The grate body 4 is detachably attached to the fire bed frame 7 by the engaging means 17. The engagement means 17 is
It allows lateral movement and prevents other movements. It is provided on the upper part of the fire bed frame 7 and is divided into left and right halves, and both side walls 1 of the grate body 4 adapted to the ants 18.
1 and a dovetail groove 19 cut in the lower rear side. Then, the grate body 4 is slid laterally and fitted into the fire bed frame 7 by the engaging means 17.
This mounting structure prevents the grate 2 and 3 from rising and falling and absorbs thermal expansion and contraction.
As a matter of course, the space between the adjoining grate 2 and 3 in the lateral direction is set so as to be tightened from both ends of the grate 2 and 3 so that no gap is generated. If done in this way, the grate 2, 3 will be substantially fixed to the fire bed frame 7, and the weight of the grate 2, 3 will not be applied to the sliding body 5. If the weight of the grate 2 or 3 is applied to the sliding body 5, the sliding surface will be abraded, and it will be necessary to replace it in a short period of time.

The sliding body 5 is detachably provided on the front side of the grate body 4, forms a part of the air passage 8, and is slidably fitted on the upper surface of the grate body 4 in the preceding stage. In this example, the cross-section has a substantially convex shape and is provided so as to be vertically movable while being constantly sealed by the fitting means 20, and the front end is the grate body 4.
Extends to below the front end. The fitting means 20 is composed of a concave groove 21 which is recessed in the lower portion of the partition wall 13 of the grate body 4 and opened downward, and a convex strip 22 which is fitted to the concave groove 21 and which protrudes from the upper portion of the sliding body. Made of The sliding body 5 has a length L that is 1 to 5 times (an integer multiple) the lateral width W of the grate body 4, and is slidably fitted to the upper surface of the grate body 4 in the preceding stage due to its own weight. The longer the length L is, the more the self-weight increases, the higher the degree of abutment between the sliding body 5 and the grate body 4 in the preceding stage, and the less the leakage of the combustion air A. Wear of the grate body 4 can be reduced by using a material of the sliding body 5 different from that of the grate body 4, for example, a material softer than the grate body 4. In this case, the sliding body 5 can be replaced when a certain amount of wear has occurred. Since the sliding body 5 is detachably attached to the grate body 4 by the fitting means 20, even if the sliding body 5 wears, the sliding body 5 simply lowers down, and the combustion air A enters the fitting means 20. Therefore, it is always sealed, and the combustion air A does not leak from here.

The air outlet 6 is formed between the lower end of the grate body 4 on the front side and the upper end of the slide body 5 on the front side, and communicates with the air passage 8. In this example, the height of the front side of the slide body 5 is increased. It is located just above.

Next, the operation will be described based on such a configuration. When the reciprocating drive device is actuated and the actuating frame is moved in the front-rear direction, the movable grate 3 is reciprocated with respect to the fixed grate 2, and the refuse is incinerated while being transferred from the upstream side to the downstream side of the fire bed. The combustion air A is supplied to the air passage 8 from the rear side of the grate body 4 through the inside of the ash discharge hopper, is narrowed by the air holes 14 to have a pressure loss, and then is jetted from the air outlet 6. It As a result, the amount of air discharged from the grate 2 or 3 can be made equal, and a uniform air distribution can be always obtained regardless of the dust layer on the fire bed. At this time, in the grate body 4, since the air passage 8 and the air hole 14 are formed, the upper wall 9 and the front wall 10 are cooled by the combustion air A passing therethrough, and the radiant heat from the dust layer is removed. Burning is prevented even if received. Since the air passage 8 is provided with the plurality of fins 12, the heat dissipation area and the air velocity can be increased to increase the heat transfer rate. The sliding body 5 is detachably attached to the grate body 4 and is always provided in the front grate body 4
Since it is slidably fitted to the upper surface of the combustion chamber, combustion air A passing through the air passage 8 does not leak from here, and
The incineration ash B on the grate body 4 can be pushed forward.
Since the air outlet 6 is formed between the front lower end of the grate body 4 and the front upper end of the sliding body 5 and is located above the front height of the sliding body 5, the air blowing port 6 is located on the grate body 4. Due to the incineration ash B, it is difficult to be blocked. Even if the incineration ash B enters from the air outlet 6, the combustion air A from the air passage 8 can blow the ash B into the dust layer.

In the stair-sliding stoker 1, as shown in FIG. 4, the grates 2 and 3 can be installed horizontally. In this case, due to the relationship between the height and the length of the grate 2 and 3, the entire staircase sliding stoker 1 is inclined forward and downward. Therefore, the refuse incinerator 23 using such a stair sliding type stoker 1 has a high furnace height H.

As shown in FIG. 5, the stair-sliding stoker 1 can be installed with the grate 2 and 3 tilted by a predetermined forward elevation angle θ. In this case, the whole staircase sliding stoker 1 can be made horizontal. Therefore, in the refuse incinerator 23 using such a stair sliding type stoker 1, the furnace height H can be lowered, and the effect of feeding and lifting the refuse is enhanced and the stirring action of the refuse is improved. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently burn even low-calorie waste. The forward tilt angle θ is, for example, 50 ° beyond the horizontal, preferably 10 to 40 °, and particularly preferably 20 to 30 °. If it is smaller than this range, the efficiency of stirring the dust tends to be poor, and if it is larger than this range, the efficiency of conveying the dust tends to be poor. Thus, such a thing can solve all the conditions of the ideal grate shown below. Air supply: Able to finely control the amount of air supplied in the direction of waste flow. The structure should allow the air supply to be compartmentalized. Pressure drop in the grate: The air pressure loss in the grate should be increased so that air can be supplied uniformly from above the grate. Ridling: A structure that does not allow dust, molten aluminum, or plastics to fall from the gap in the grate. Grate cooling rate: A large grate cooling rate should be used to prevent burnout. Grate burning rate: A structure that has a large dust agitation effect and a large grate burning rate. Grate with a low furnace height: A structure that can reduce the furnace height by eliminating the steps between the grate and using a horizontal grate. Maintenance: Make the structure easy to maintain. Grate drive system: A structure that allows the stroke of the grate to be adjusted for each combustion process.

In the above example, the air guide 16 of the grate body 4 is a separate body, but the grate body 4 is not limited to this and may be, for example, an integral body. In the above example, the corner portion of the upper wall 9 and the front wall 10 of the grate body 4 has an arc shape, but the grate body 4 is not limited to this and may have an inclined shape, for example. In the above example, the sliding body 5 is provided so that it can be moved up and down in a straight line.

[0016]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The following excellent effects can be achieved. (1) Each grate is composed of a grate body, a sliding body, and an air outlet, and in particular, a front-stage fire is provided in front of a hollow grate body attached to a fire bed frame and having an air passage formed therein. A sliding body slidably fitted to the upper surface of the grate was detachably installed, and an air outlet was formed between the front lower end of the grate and the front upper end of the grate, so dust on the fire bed Regardless of the layer, it is possible to always obtain a uniform air distribution. (2) Since the air outlet is formed between the front lower end of the grate body and the front upper end of the sliding body, the air outlet is located above the front height of the sliding body, which is the incineration ash. It is difficult to be blocked by. (3) When the grate body is attached to the fire bed frame by the engaging means, the grate is prevented from rising and falling, and thermal expansion and contraction are absorbed. (4) When the sliding body has a length of 1 to 5 times the lateral width of the grate body, the weight of the sliding body increases and the abutment between the sliding body and the grate body at the preceding stage increases, so that the combustion air Less leakage. (5) When each grate is inclined by a predetermined forward elevation angle, the stirring effect of the dust layer can be enhanced and a stoker with good combustion efficiency can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view showing an outline of a staircase sliding type stoker according to the present invention.

2 is a-a, b-b, c-c, d-d, e- of FIG.
The front view which shows each arrow of e.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a refuse incinerator in which each grate is installed horizontally.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a refuse incinerator in which each grate is installed so as to be inclined.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the structure of a conventional stair-sliding stoker for incinerating refuse.

FIG. 7 is an operation diagram showing a retracted state of the movable grate.

FIG. 8 is a similar view showing the advanced state of the movable grate.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 50 ... Stair sliding type stoker, 2, 51 ... Fixed grate, 3, 52 ... Movable grate, 4, 58 ... Grate body, 5 ...
Sliding body, 6, 57 ... Air outlet, 8 ... Air passage, 7, 5
3 ... Fire frame, 9 ... Upper wall, 10 ... Front wall, 11 ... Side wall, 12, 59 ... Fin, 13 ... Partition wall, 14 ... Air hole, 15 ... Receiving projection, 16 ... Air guide, 17 ... Engaging means , 18 ... Dovetail, 19 ... Dovetail groove, 20 ... Fitting means, 21
... Concave groove, 22 ... Convex line, 23 ... Garbage incinerator, 54 ... Actuating frame, 55 ... Slide, 56 ... Ash extraction hopper, A ... Combustion air, B ... Incineration ash, H ... Furnace height, θ ... Forward Elevation.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A stair sliding stoker in which a fixed grate and a movable grate are alternately arranged in the front-rear direction, wherein each of the grate is attached to a fire bed frame from a rear side to a front lower side. A hollow grate body with an air passage formed over it, and a detachable installation on the front side of the grate body that forms a part of the air passage and can slide on the upper surface of the front grate body Stair-sliding type, characterized in that it is composed of a sliding body fitted to the above, and an air outlet formed between the front lower end of the grate body and the front upper end of the sliding body and communicating with the air passage. Stalker. 2. The stairs-sliding stoker according to claim 1, wherein the grate body is attached to the fire bed frame by a hooking means. 3. The sliding member is 1 to 5 with respect to the width of the grate body.
The stair-sliding stoker according to claim 1, wherein the stoker has a double length. 4. The stair-sliding stoker according to claim 1, wherein each grate is inclined by a predetermined forward elevation angle.