JPH0957415A - Method for casting pressure proof and high strength aluminum and aluminum casting/cylinder head - Google Patents
Method for casting pressure proof and high strength aluminum and aluminum casting/cylinder headInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0957415A JPH0957415A JP23335195A JP23335195A JPH0957415A JP H0957415 A JPH0957415 A JP H0957415A JP 23335195 A JP23335195 A JP 23335195A JP 23335195 A JP23335195 A JP 23335195A JP H0957415 A JPH0957415 A JP H0957415A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- casting
- aluminum
- pressure
- solidification
- casting method
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 101100434411 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) ADH1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 101150102866 adc1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003483 aging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003287 bathing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、内燃機関の燃料
噴射ポンプ本体、圧縮機、ブラケット等の産業機械構造
用部材として使用可能な耐圧・高強度アルミニウム鋳物
の製造法とアルミニウム鋳物・シリンダヘッドに関する
ものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a pressure-resistant and high-strength aluminum casting that can be used as a member for an industrial machine structure such as a fuel injection pump main body of an internal combustion engine, a compressor, a bracket, and an aluminum casting / cylinder head. It is a thing.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】内燃機関、特にディーゼル機関用燃料噴
射ポンプのケースや油圧ポンプ、クーラー用コンプレッ
サーケース並びに車両用、産業機械用取付けブラケット
類は、高い荷重がかかる又は高い圧力がかかるなどによ
り、高強度で耐圧性をもったアルミニウム鋳物が用いら
れる。このような耐圧・高強度の鋳物を得るため、大半
が金型を用いた鋳造法が適用され、それには、ダイカス
ト鋳造法か又は低圧鋳造法、重力鋳造法が採用されてい
る。2. Description of the Related Art The case of a fuel injection pump for an internal combustion engine, especially a diesel engine, a hydraulic pump, a compressor case for a cooler, and mounting brackets for vehicles and industrial machines are high in weight due to high load or high pressure. An aluminum casting that is strong and has pressure resistance is used. In order to obtain such a pressure-resistant and high-strength casting, most of the casting methods using a die are applied, and a die casting method, a low pressure casting method, or a gravity casting method is adopted for it.
【０００３】他方、従来から、内燃機関のシリンダヘッ
ドのようにジャケット構造を有するアルミニウム鋳物の
鋳造法としては、外周に当たる部分を鋳鉄や鋼などの鉄
系の金属鋳型にて成型し、ジャケット部や吸気口、排気
口など直線的に型抜き不可能な部分は、砂型による砂中
子型を用いている。アルミシリンダヘッドを金型鋳造す
る場合、鋳造時の圧力は、圧縮空気により０．２〜０．
５kgf/cm2に加圧して鋳造する低圧鋳造法か、又は溶湯
落下時の重力加圧による重力鋳造法に依存している(特
開平２−２５８１５４号、特開昭６１−２８１８４８号
参照)。On the other hand, conventionally, as a casting method of an aluminum casting having a jacket structure such as a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, a portion corresponding to the outer periphery is molded with an iron-based metal mold such as cast iron or steel, and a jacket portion or The sand core type of sand mold is used for the parts such as the intake port and the exhaust port that cannot be linearly removed. When an aluminum cylinder head is die-cast, the pressure during casting is 0.2 to 0.
It depends on a low pressure casting method in which the pressure is 5 kgf / cm 2 for casting, or a gravity casting method in which gravity is applied when the molten metal is dropped (see JP-A-2-258154 and JP-A-61-281848).
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記従来の鋳造法にお
いて、低圧鋳造法、重力鋳造法では、熱処理はＴ６処理
ができるため、強度向上を図れる利点があるが、充填時
の圧力が、０．５kgf/cm2程度までと低いため、圧力を
利用した引巣欠陥の防止が困難で、また、空冷金型のた
め冷却速度も低く、結晶も粗い。しかも、微細引巣や結
晶の粗さにより伸びや靱性の向上は難しい。また、鋳造
の生産性に関して、凝固時間が長いという問題がある。In the conventional casting method described above, in the low pressure casting method and the gravity casting method, the heat treatment can be T6 treatment, so that there is an advantage that the strength can be improved, but the filling pressure is 0. Since it is as low as about 5 kgf / cm 2, it is difficult to prevent cavitation defects using pressure, and the cooling rate is low due to the air-cooled mold, and the crystals are rough. Moreover, it is difficult to improve elongation and toughness due to fine cavities and crystal roughness. Further, there is a problem that the solidification time is long with respect to the productivity of casting.
【０００５】他方、シリンダヘッドなどのジャケット構
造のものの鋳造に関しては、これらの方法は加圧力が低
いため、複雑な砂中子型の使用が可能で、ジャケット構
造を得られ易いという利点がある。しかし、逆に、加圧
が低いため、溶湯を鋳型に充填する際、外周の金型温度
を少なくとも２５０℃以上４００℃近くまで高くしない
と、溶湯が完全に廻らない恐れもある。更に、金型を強
制的に冷却する水冷金型の場合も温度制御に高い技術を
要し、一般的には空冷の金型とし、自然放熱により上記
の温度を保持する構造である。従って、溶湯が充填さ
れ、完全に凝固するまでの時間は金型から放熱する熱量
により決まり、最低４分、大きい鋳物の場合１０分以上
を有する。これにより、冷却速度も非常におそくなり、
組織も粗く、粗大化したものとなり、強度が低いという
問題がある。On the other hand, regarding casting of a jacket structure such as a cylinder head, these methods have an advantage that a complicated sand core mold can be used and a jacket structure can be easily obtained because the pressing force is low. However, conversely, since the pressurization is low, the molten metal may not be completely rotated unless the mold temperature of the outer periphery is increased to at least 250 ° C. or higher and close to 400 ° C. when the molten metal is filled in the mold. Further, even in the case of a water-cooled mold for forcibly cooling the mold, a high technique is required for temperature control, and in general, an air-cooled mold is used, and the above-mentioned temperature is maintained by natural heat dissipation. Therefore, the time until the molten metal is filled and completely solidified is determined by the amount of heat radiated from the mold, and has a minimum of 4 minutes and 10 minutes or more for a large casting. As a result, the cooling rate becomes very slow,
There is a problem that the structure is coarse and coarse, and the strength is low.
【０００６】一方、鋳造時に油圧機構を利用し、機械的
圧力でアルミニウム溶湯を加圧充填するダイカスト鋳造
法においては、加圧力は５００から１０００kgf/cm
2で、速度もゲート部で１０〜４０m/sに達し、鋳型は、
水冷した金型を用いる。このため、充填後、凝固完了す
るまでの時間は５〜２０秒となり、生産性に優れてい
る。しかし、充填時のゲート速度が速いので、空気・ガ
スの巻き込みがあり、ブリスター発生によりＴ６処理は
できないという問題がある。また、給湯時に溶湯の温度
低下が大きいため、厚肉部の冷却制御ができないので引
巣が発生し易く、かつ、充填時に凝固したチル相が混入
している。このため、異質の組織が混在した組織は伸び
の低下、靱性低下がある。On the other hand, in the die-casting casting method in which a molten aluminum is pressure-filled by a mechanical pressure using a hydraulic mechanism during casting, the applied pressure is 500 to 1000 kgf / cm.
2 , the speed reaches 10-40 m / s at the gate, and the mold is
Use a water-cooled mold. Therefore, the time from the filling to the completion of solidification is 5 to 20 seconds, which is excellent in productivity. However, since the gate speed at the time of filling is high, there is a problem that air and gas are entrained and the T6 treatment cannot be performed due to blister generation. In addition, since the temperature of the molten metal is largely decreased during hot water supply, cooling control of the thick portion cannot be performed, so that porosity is likely to occur and the chill phase solidified during filling is mixed. Therefore, a structure in which different kinds of structures are mixed has a lower elongation and a lower toughness.
【０００７】加えて、ダイカスト法で複雑な形状のシリ
ンダヘッド用ジャケット部を砂中子にて形成すると、砂
中子の内部に高温のアルミ溶湯の浸透や砂中子の細い部
分で折れる。このため、ダイカスト鋳造法で複雑なジャ
ケット構造をもつアルミニウム鋳物製シリンダヘッドな
どを鋳造することは困難である。In addition, when the cylinder head jacket portion having a complicated shape is formed by the sand core by the die casting method, the high temperature molten aluminum penetrates into the sand core and the sand core breaks at the narrow portion. Therefore, it is difficult to cast an aluminum cast cylinder head or the like having a complicated jacket structure by the die casting method.
【０００８】更に、ダイカスト法に適用されるアルミニ
ウム材質は、ＡＤＣ１０、１２などのダイカスト用材質
に限定されている。この理由は、高速高圧のアルミニウ
ム溶湯を射出して充填するため、金型との溶着が著し
く、これを防ぐため、Ｆｅ分をアルミニウム合金鋳物材
質より多くしているためである。このため、Ａｌ-Ｆｅ-
Ｓｉ化合物などの折出により強度上に問題がある。この
ようにダイカスト専用材質は限定され、強度上も問題が
ある。Further, the aluminum material applied to the die casting method is limited to the materials for die casting such as ADCs 10 and 12. This is because the high-speed and high-pressure molten aluminum is injected and filled, so that the welding with the die is remarkable, and in order to prevent this, the Fe content is made larger than that of the aluminum alloy casting material. Therefore, Al-Fe-
There is a problem in strength due to the protrusion of Si compounds. As described above, the material for exclusive use of die casting is limited, and there is a problem in strength.
【０００９】この発明は、従来のダイカスト法において
Ｔ６処理を可能とするとともに、複雑なジャケット構造
のシリンダヘッドなどの鋳造をダイカスト法で可能にし
たアルミニウム鋳物の鋳造方法とアルミニウム鋳物を提
供することを目的とするものである。The present invention provides a casting method for aluminum casting and a casting method for aluminum casting, which enables T6 treatment in the conventional die casting method and enables casting of a cylinder head having a complicated jacket structure by the die casting method. It is intended.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の課題を解決するた
め、この発明では、まず鋳造法は金型を用い、油圧機構
による機械的圧力でアルミニウム溶湯を加圧充填するダ
イカスト鋳造法とし、溶湯温度を６５０〜７００℃で充
填する。６５０℃以下では、凝固温度との差が１００℃
以下となり、鋳造内に充填する際に凝固を始める恐れも
あり、充填後急速に凝固するため、収縮孔への溶湯補給
も難しく、引巣発生の恐れがある。一方、７００℃以上
では、溶湯の酸化が著しく、Ｍｇ等の成分が減少する等
の問題があり、上記温度範囲とすることにより、これら
の問題を解決できる。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, the casting method is a die casting method in which a die is used to press-fill aluminum molten metal with a mechanical pressure by a hydraulic mechanism. Charge at 650-700 ° C. Below 650 ℃, the difference from the solidification temperature is 100 ℃
In the following case, solidification may start when filling in the casting, and solidification rapidly occurs after filling, so that it is difficult to supply molten metal to the contraction hole, and there is a possibility that cavities may be generated. On the other hand, when the temperature is 700 ° C. or higher, there is a problem that the molten metal is significantly oxidized and the components such as Mg decrease, and these problems can be solved by setting the temperature range above.
【００１１】なお、ダイカスト鋳造法においても、通常
のダイカスト鋳造法は溶湯を給湯する部分が大気に開放
され、更に充填するスリーブも断熱保温されていないた
め、急速な温度低下がある。そこで、望ましくは、給湯
部をヒーターや断熱材で保温し、大気開放されないセミ
ホットチャンバー或いはホットチャンバー式ダイカスト
鋳造法を用いる。保温した給湯装置を用いると給湯の温
度低下が非常に少ないため、通常の加圧力より低い圧力
で充填しても、凝固収縮するときの溶湯補給が可能で高
温の溶湯を隅々まで充填でき、特に加圧すると効果が著
しい。Even in the die casting method, the temperature of the die casting method is rapidly lowered because the portion for supplying the molten metal is open to the atmosphere and the sleeve to be filled is not insulated and kept warm. Therefore, it is desirable to use a semi-hot chamber or hot chamber type die casting method in which the hot water supply section is kept warm by a heater or a heat insulating material and is not exposed to the atmosphere. If you use a hot water supply device that keeps warm, the temperature drop of the hot water supply is very small, so even if you fill it at a pressure lower than the normal pressing force, you can replenish the molten metal when it solidifies and shrinks, and you can fill the high temperature molten metal to every corner, Especially when pressure is applied, the effect is remarkable.
【００１２】充填時の圧力は、５００〜１０００kgf/cm
2とし、望ましくは、凝固完了までこの圧力を保持す
る。特に、耐圧性、高強度を要求される品物は微細な引
巣も問題となり、５００kgf/cm2以下の圧力では、やや
微細な引巣が残る。また、１０００kgf/cm2以上になる
と、高圧効果は一定になり、逆に、金型にかかる圧力に
よる型の割れや型合面隙間より溶湯が吹き出す危険性や
バリ発生などの問題が多くなるためこの圧力を上限とす
る。The pressure during filling is 500 to 1000 kgf / cm.
2. Desirably, this pressure is maintained until completion of solidification. In particular, for products requiring high pressure resistance and high strength, fine cavities also pose a problem, and at pressures of 500 kgf / cm 2 or less, slightly fine cavities remain. Further, when the pressure is 1000 kgf / cm 2 or more, the high-pressure effect becomes constant, and conversely, there are many problems such as cracking of the mold due to the pressure applied to the mold, the risk of molten metal blowing out from the mold interfacial gap, and the occurrence of burrs. This pressure is the upper limit.
【００１３】充填時にゲートから充填される溶湯の速
度、ゲート速度は０．６〜２．０m/sとする。ゲート速
度０．６m/s以下の速度では水冷した金型に充填際、充
填される途中で溶湯の先端部が急冷され、型の隅々まで
完全につまることが難しい湯廻不良現象の恐れがある。
他方、２．０m/s以上では溶湯が乱流状態となり、空気
・ガスの巻き込み現象が著しくなる。これにより、後述
する熱処理(Ｔ６)の際、巻き込んだガスが高温(４９０
℃以上)に加熱されると膨張し、アルミニウム鋳物表面
にて、ふくれるブリスター現象が発生する量が多くな
り、鋳物としての品質を満たすことが難しいからであ
る。図２にゲート速度とブリスター発生数との関係を示
す。The speed of the molten metal filled from the gate at the time of filling, and the gate speed are 0.6 to 2.0 m / s. At a gate speed of 0.6 m / s or less, when filling a water-cooled mold, the tip of the molten metal is rapidly cooled during the filling process, and there is a risk of a poor bathing phenomenon in which it is difficult to completely block every corner of the mold. is there.
On the other hand, at 2.0 m / s or higher, the molten metal becomes turbulent and the entrainment of air and gas becomes significant. As a result, during the heat treatment (T6) described later, the entrapped gas becomes hot (490
This is because when it is heated to (° C. or higher), it expands and the amount of the blister phenomenon swelling on the surface of the aluminum casting increases, and it is difficult to satisfy the quality as a casting. FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the gate speed and the number of blisters generated.
【００１４】次に、金型に充填された溶湯は加圧保持し
ながら、水冷した金型で肉厚５〜１０mmの鋳物の中心部
で１０℃/Ｓ以上肉厚１０〜３０mmの鋳物の中心部で４
℃/Ｓ以上の冷却速度で急冷され、凝固する。この冷却
速度より遅いと鋳物の組織が粗くなり、目的の強度特に
伸び、靱性の向上が難しいからである。Next, while maintaining the molten metal filled in the die under pressure, the center of the casting having a wall thickness of 5 to 10 mm and the temperature of the casting having a wall thickness of 10 to 30 mm in the center of the casting having a thickness of 5 to 10 mm in a water-cooled die. Part 4
It is rapidly cooled at a cooling rate of ℃ / S or more and solidifies. This is because if the cooling rate is slower than this, the structure of the casting becomes coarse and it is difficult to improve the desired strength, particularly elongation and toughness.
【００１５】最後に、本発明のアルミニウム鋳物の鋳造
法では、熱処理をＴ６処理とするものである。Ｔ６処理
は、４９０〜５２０℃に数時間加熱保持した後、水中に
投じ、水焼入れし、更に１６０〜２００℃に４〜７時間
保持し、焼戻しを行うもので、これにより人工時効硬化
により強度(引張強さ、耐力、ヤング率)を処理前の１．
３〜２．０倍に向上させるものである。しかし、この処
理にはガス・空気を巻き込んでいない鋳物が必要で、少
なくともガス量１０cc/（１００g・アルミ鋳物）以下、
出来ればガス量５cc/（１００g・アルミ鋳物）以下の含
有量が望ましい。図３は、Ｔ６処理したものとしていな
いものとの応力−歪線図である。Finally, in the casting method of the aluminum casting of the present invention, the heat treatment is T6 treatment. In T6 treatment, after heating and holding at 490 to 520 ° C. for several hours, it is immersed in water, water-quenched, and further held at 160 to 200 ° C. for 4 to 7 hours and tempered, which results in strength by artificial age hardening. (Tensile strength, proof stress, Young's modulus) 1.
It is to be improved 3 to 2.0 times. However, this process requires a casting that does not involve gas or air, and at least a gas amount of 10cc / (100g · aluminum casting) or less,
If possible, a gas content of 5 cc / (100 g / aluminum casting) or less is desirable. FIG. 3 is a stress-strain diagram with and without T6 treatment.
【００１６】上記この発明の鋳造法に用いられるアルミ
ニウム鋳物の材質としては、ＡＣ２Ａ、ＡＣ２Ｂ、ＡＣ
４Ａ、ＡＣ４Ｃ、ＡＣ４ＣＨ、ＡＤＣ１０、ＡＤＣ１２
の材料群の中から一種を選択使用するのが好適である。
特に、靱性を必要とする鋳物には、ＡＣ４Ｃ、４ＣＨが
最適である。The material of the aluminum casting used in the casting method of the present invention is AC2A, AC2B, AC.
4A, AC4C, AC4CH, ADC10, ADC12
It is preferable to select and use one kind from the material group.
In particular, AC4C and 4CH are optimal for castings that require toughness.
【００１７】また、この発明のジャケット構造式アルミ
ニウム鋳物、シリンダヘッドも、上記のようなダイカス
ト鋳造法で製作されるが、ジャケット構造であることか
ら、以下の点で上記方法と異なる。The jacket structure type aluminum casting and the cylinder head of the present invention are also manufactured by the die casting method as described above, but since they have the jacket structure, they differ from the above method in the following points.
【００１８】まず、この発明では、砂中子を用いるが、
その砂中子は通常表面処理を施し、それには一般的な耐
火材でよい。これにより、圧力４００kgf/cm2までの圧
力に耐えることが出来る。更に、５００kgf/cm2以上の
圧力に耐えるには砂中子に特殊な表面処理を施す。First, in the present invention, a sand core is used.
The sand core is usually surface-treated, which may be a conventional refractory material. This makes it possible to withstand pressures up to 400 kgf / cm 2 . Furthermore, in order to withstand a pressure of 500 kgf / cm 2 or more, the sand core is subjected to a special surface treatment.
【００１９】また、鋳造開始から凝固完了までは、１０
０〜４００kgf/cm2の圧力で加圧保持して、この圧力の
まま凝固完了することにより、凝固収縮に伴う引巣欠陥
を大幅に低減出来る。従来の低圧鋳造法や重力鋳造法は
マイクロシュリンケージとして厚肉部に欠陥が残るが、
本発明では大幅に低減できるため、強度向上に大きく寄
与するのである。他方、１００kgf/cm2以下では引巣を
防ぐことが難しくなり、冷却の遅い厚肉部の中心に欠陥
が残りやすい。From the start of casting to the completion of solidification, 10
By pressurizing and holding at a pressure of 0 to 400 kgf / cm 2 and completing the solidification with this pressure, it is possible to significantly reduce the porosity defects due to the solidification shrinkage. Conventional low-pressure casting method and gravity casting method have defects in thick parts as micro-shrinkage,
In the present invention, since it can be reduced significantly, it greatly contributes to the improvement of strength. On the other hand, when the pressure is 100 kgf / cm 2 or less, it becomes difficult to prevent cavities, and defects are likely to remain in the center of the thick-walled portion where cooling is slow.
【００２０】次ぎに、溶湯充填時のゲート速度を０．６
〜２．０m/sとする。(通常のダイカスト鋳造法より１／
５〜１／５０の早さであることを特徴としている)。こ
のゲート速度とすることにより、溶湯充填時に鋳型に入
る溶湯は乱れのない層流となり、充填中に空気や鋳型内
ガスを巻き込むことなく隅々まで充填される。しかし、
２．０m/s以上の速度になると溶湯は乱れ、乱流とな
り、空気やガスを巻き込み充填され、凝固完了後もガス
用空気を圧縮した状態で含有したアルミ鋳物となる。一
方、０．６m/s以下の速度で溶湯を充填すると、水冷し
た金型を用いた本発明では、隅々まで完全に充填するこ
とが難しい。Next, the gate speed at the time of filling the molten metal is set to 0.6.
~ 2.0 m / s. (1 / the standard die casting method
It is characterized by a speed of 5 to 1/50). By setting this gate speed, the molten metal entering the mold at the time of filling the molten metal becomes a turbulent laminar flow and is filled in every corner without entraining air or gas in the mold during the filling. But,
At a speed of 2.0 m / s or more, the molten metal becomes turbulent and becomes a turbulent flow, which is filled with air and gas, and becomes an aluminum casting containing compressed gas air even after completion of solidification. On the other hand, when the molten metal is filled at a speed of 0.6 m / s or less, it is difficult to completely fill every corner in the present invention using a water-cooled mold.
【００２１】更に、本発明のジャケット構造式鋳物で
は、１０mm以上の肉厚を有すること、金型より熱伝導性
が低い砂中子を用い、また、連続した鋳造を行うダイカ
スト鋳造法であるため水冷の金型とする。Further, the jacket structure type casting of the present invention has a wall thickness of 10 mm or more, uses a sand core having a lower thermal conductivity than a die, and is a die casting method for continuous casting. Use a water-cooled mold.
【００２２】この場合、ジャケット部又は吸排気口の砂
中子部に、少なくとも一面を接した燃焼面等の厚肉部の
冷却速度を２℃/Ｓ以上の速度で、６５０〜７００℃で
充填した溶湯を凝固させる。この冷却速度以下で鋳造す
ると、凝固時間が延びるため、鋳造サイクルが所定の時
間より長くなり、経済的に不利となる。また、冷却速度
が小さくなると、結晶の大きさが大きくなる。空冷の金
型を用いた重力鋳造や低圧鋳造では冷却速度が０．５℃
/Ｓ以下となるため、結晶が大きくなる。In this case, the cooling rate of the thick portion such as the combustion surface which is in contact with at least one surface of the sand core portion of the jacket portion or the intake / exhaust port is filled at 650 to 700 ° C. at a rate of 2 ° C./S or more. Solidify the melt. If casting is performed at a cooling rate lower than this, the solidification time is extended, and the casting cycle becomes longer than a predetermined time, which is economically disadvantageous. Also, as the cooling rate decreases, the crystal size increases. Cooling rate is 0.5 ℃ in gravity casting and low pressure casting using air-cooled mold.
Since / S or less, the crystal becomes large.
【００２３】更に、本発明のジャケット構造式鋳物・シ
リンダヘッドのアルミニウム鋳物の材質としては、ＡＣ
２Ａ、ＡＣ２Ｂ、ＡＣ４Ａ、ＡＣ４Ｂ、ＡＣ４Ｄ、ＡＣ
８Ａ、ＡＣ８Ｂ、ＡＤＣ１０及びＡＤＣ１２の材料群の
中から一種が最適に用いられる。Further, as the material of the jacket structure type casting / cylinder head aluminum casting of the present invention, AC is used.
2A, AC2B, AC4A, AC4B, AC4D, AC
One is optimally used from the material group of 8A, AC8B, ADC10 and ADC12.
【００２４】[0024]
【実施例】この発明の鋳造法を用いてディーゼル機関用
燃料噴射ポンプケース本体を試作し、また、比較例とし
て、従来のダイカスト鋳造及び低圧鋳造法を用いて試作
した。それぞれの条件は表１の通りである。その結果
は、表２の通りであって、強度、靱性ともに優れている
ことが確かめられた。また、図１にそれらの引張強さと
伸びの測定結果を示している。EXAMPLES A fuel injection pump case body for a diesel engine was prototyped using the casting method of the present invention, and as a comparative example, the conventional die casting and low pressure casting methods were used. The respective conditions are as shown in Table 1. The results are shown in Table 2, and it was confirmed that both strength and toughness were excellent. Further, FIG. 1 shows the measurement results of the tensile strength and the elongation.
【００２５】[0025]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２６】[0026]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２７】次ぎに、本発明によるジャケット構造のシ
リンダヘッドと、比較例としての低圧鋳造のシリンダヘ
ッドとを砂中子を用いて表３の条件で試作した。その結
果は、表４の通りであり、本発明の方が引張強さ、伸び
ともに遙かに優れていることが判る。Next, a cylinder head having a jacket structure according to the present invention and a low pressure casting cylinder head as a comparative example were experimentally manufactured using sand cores under the conditions shown in Table 3. The results are shown in Table 4, which shows that the present invention is far superior in both tensile strength and elongation.
【００２８】[0028]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００２９】[0029]
【表４】 [Table 4]
【００３０】[0030]
【発明の効果】本発明の最も重要な特性は強度である。
それをもたらしている要因は熱処理Ｔ６処理・人工時効
強化による強度向上でこの処理により引張強さと耐力、
縦弾状係数(ヤング率)及び硬さが大幅に向上する。更
に、冷却速度の制御による結晶の微細化と加圧による引
巣の抑制が伸びの向上に大きく寄与しており、欠陥の影
響は伸びを大幅に向上させる効果がある。The most important characteristic of the present invention is strength.
The factor that brings about this is the improvement of strength by heat treatment T6 treatment / artificial aging strengthening, which results in tensile strength and proof stress.
The vertical elastic modulus (Young's modulus) and hardness are significantly improved. In addition, the miniaturization of crystals by controlling the cooling rate and the suppression of cavities due to pressurization greatly contribute to the improvement of elongation, and the effect of defects has the effect of significantly improving elongation.
【００３１】また、この発明のジャケット構造式アルミ
ニウム鋳物・シリンダヘッドは、低圧鋳造法や通常のダ
イカスト鋳造法と比較し、引張強さ、伸びともに優れ、
靱性の高い、信頼性を有すアルミニウム鋳物が得られ
る。Further, the jacket structure type aluminum casting / cylinder head of the present invention is superior in tensile strength and elongation as compared with the low pressure casting method and the usual die casting method.
It is possible to obtain a reliable aluminum casting having high toughness.
【図１】本発明鋳造法によって得られる鋳物と比較例の
引張強さと伸びの測定結果を示すグラフである。FIG. 1 is a graph showing measurement results of tensile strength and elongation of a casting obtained by the casting method of the present invention and a comparative example.
【図２】鋳造時のゲート速度とブリスター発生数との関
係を示すグラフである。FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the gate speed during casting and the number of blisters generated.
【図３】Ｔ６処理したものとしないものとを比較して示
す応力−歪線図である。FIG. 3 is a stress-strain diagram showing a comparison between a sample subjected to T6 treatment and a sample not treated.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｆ０２Ｆ 1/24 Ｆ０２Ｆ 1/24 Ｂ ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display area F02F 1/24 F02F 1/24 B
Claims (4)
機械構造部材において、鋳造法はダイカスト鋳造法と
し、６５０〜７００℃の溶湯を破断チル組織の混入がな
い方式で注湯し、ゲート速度は０．６〜２．０m/sと
し、鋳物凝固開始から凝固完了迄は５００〜１０００kg
f/cm2の圧力保持、５〜１０mmの肉厚中心部で１０℃/Ｓ
以上、１０〜３０mmの肉厚中心部で４℃/Ｓ以上の冷却
速度で鋳造し、さらに熱処理をＴ６処理としたことを特
徴とする耐圧・高強度アルミニウム鋳物の製造法。1. A pressure vessel made of an aluminum casting or a mechanical structural member, wherein the casting method is a die casting method, and a molten metal at 650 to 700 ° C. is poured in such a manner that a fractured chill structure is not mixed therein, and a gate speed is 0. 6 to 2.0 m / s, 500 to 1000 kg from the start of solidification of casting to the completion of solidification
F / cm 2 pressure retention, 10 ℃ / S at 5-10mm thickness center
As described above, the pressure-resistant and high-strength aluminum casting manufacturing method is characterized in that casting is performed at a cooling rate of 4 ° C./S or more at a central portion having a wall thickness of 10 to 30 mm, and the heat treatment is T6 treatment.
Ｃ２Ｂ、ＡＣ４Ａ、ＡＣ４Ｃ、ＡＣ４ＣＨ、ＡＤＣ１
０、ＡＤＣ１２の材料群の中から選ばれた一種とし、請
求項１のダイカスト鋳造法で鋳造することを特徴とする
耐圧・高強度アルミニウム鋳物の製造法。2. The material of aluminum casting is AC2A, A
C2B, AC4A, AC4C, AC4CH, ADC1
A pressure-resistant and high-strength aluminum casting manufacturing method, characterized in that it is one of the materials selected from the group consisting of 0 and ADC12, and is cast by the die casting method of claim 1.
有したアルミニウム鋳物で、鋳造法はダイカスト鋳造法
とし、ジャケット構造部、アンダカット部には置き中子
として砂中子を用い、ゲート速度０．６〜２．０m/sで
注湯し、鋳物の凝固開始から凝固完了迄は１００〜４０
０kgf/cm2の圧力を保持し、少なくとも一面は砂中子に
接する鋳物の肉厚中心部の冷却速度２℃/Ｓ以上で鋳造
し、さらに熱処理をＴ６処理としたことを特徴とするア
ルミニウム鋳物・シリンダヘッド。3. An aluminum casting having a jacket structure or an undercut portion, the casting method is a die casting method, a sand core is used as a placing core in the jacket structure portion and the undercut portion, and a gate speed is 0.6. ~ 2.0m / s pouring, 100 ~ 40 from start of solidification of casting to completion of solidification
An aluminum casting characterized by holding a pressure of 0 kgf / cm 2 , casting at a cooling rate of 2 ° C / S or more at the center of the wall thickness of the casting, at least one surface of which is in contact with the sand core, and heat treatment was T6 treatment. ·cylinder head.
Ｃ２Ｂ、ＡＣ４Ａ、ＡＣ４Ｂ、ＡＣ４Ｄ、ＡＣ８Ａ、Ａ
Ｃ８Ｂ、ＡＤＣ１０及びＡＤＣ１２の材料群の中から選
ばれた一種とし、請求項３のダイカスト鋳造法により鋳
造されることを特徴とするアルミニウム鋳物・シリンダ
ヘッド。4. The material of aluminum casting is AC2A, A2
C2B, AC4A, AC4B, AC4D, AC8A, A
An aluminum casting / cylinder head, which is one selected from the group of materials C8B, ADC10 and ADC12, and is cast by the die casting method of claim 3.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23335195A JP3513281B2 (en) | 1995-08-17 | 1995-08-17 | Pressure-resistant and high-strength aluminum casting method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23335195A JP3513281B2 (en) | 1995-08-17 | 1995-08-17 | Pressure-resistant and high-strength aluminum casting method |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003386410A Division JP2004114159A (en) | 2003-11-17 | 2003-11-17 | Pressure-resistant high-strength cast aluminum cylinder head |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0957415A true JPH0957415A (en) | 1997-03-04 |
| JP3513281B2 JP3513281B2 (en) | 2004-03-31 |
Family
ID=16953792
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23335195A Expired - Lifetime JP3513281B2 (en) | 1995-08-17 | 1995-08-17 | Pressure-resistant and high-strength aluminum casting method |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP3513281B2 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2000071765A1 (en) * | 1999-05-19 | 2000-11-30 | Ford Motor Company Brasil Ltda. | Aluminum-base alloy for cylinder heads |
| WO2005002760A1 (en) | 2003-07-02 | 2005-01-13 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Molding of slurry-form semi-solidified metal |
| JP2013052421A (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2013-03-21 | Asanuma Giken:Kk | Casting apparatus and casting method |
| JP2016101606A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2016-06-02 | 株式会社エフ・シー・シー | Manufacturing method of integral member |
| JPWO2015087907A1 (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2017-03-16 | 昭和電工株式会社 | Aluminum alloy turbo compressor wheel shaped material and method of manufacturing turbo compressor wheel |
| CN114901406A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2022-08-12 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Method for casting component and component |
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1995
- 1995-08-17 JP JP23335195A patent/JP3513281B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2000071765A1 (en) * | 1999-05-19 | 2000-11-30 | Ford Motor Company Brasil Ltda. | Aluminum-base alloy for cylinder heads |
| WO2005002760A1 (en) | 2003-07-02 | 2005-01-13 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Molding of slurry-form semi-solidified metal |
| EP2289650A1 (en) | 2003-07-02 | 2011-03-02 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Molding of slurry-form semi-solid metal |
| EP2292353A1 (en) | 2003-07-02 | 2011-03-09 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Molding of slurry-form semi-solid metal |
| JP2013052421A (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2013-03-21 | Asanuma Giken:Kk | Casting apparatus and casting method |
| JP2016101606A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2016-06-02 | 株式会社エフ・シー・シー | Manufacturing method of integral member |
| US10286478B2 (en) | 2012-11-22 | 2019-05-14 | Kabushiki Kaisha F.C.C. | Method for manufacturing an integrated member and an integrated member |
| JPWO2015087907A1 (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2017-03-16 | 昭和電工株式会社 | Aluminum alloy turbo compressor wheel shaped material and method of manufacturing turbo compressor wheel |
| US10253782B2 (en) | 2013-12-13 | 2019-04-09 | Showa Denko K.K. | Shaped component for aluminum alloy turbo compressor wheel and method of manufacturing turbo compressor wheel |
| CN114901406A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2022-08-12 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Method for casting component and component |
| CN114901406B (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2024-03-01 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Method for casting component and component |
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