JPH0957251A - Purifying device for pond water, river water and the like - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to efficiently purify the polluted water of pond water, river water, etc., over a long period by utilizing humic allophane soil as a filter agent for purifying polluted water while effectively utilizing its adsorption performance and deodorization performance. SOLUTION: Plural filter vessels 2, 2... are installed, successively from an upstream side to a downstream side in the intake port 1 of a pond P or in the weir section, etc., of a river. The many lumpy filter agents S formed by adding a prescribed amt. of inorg. acid to the humic allophane soil made from volcanic ejecta having many fine pores as a raw material, then mixing and bonding the mixture by a binder are housed into the respective filter vessels 2, by which the polluted water of the pond, river, etc., is purified efficiently over a long period.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a purification device for pond water, rivers and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A well-known water purification method has been to purify polluted water using sand or activated carbon. In the case of using activated carbon, it is possible to adsorb pollutants in a relatively short period of time. However, it is not suitable for applications that require stable pollutant removal performance over a long period of time.

By the way, since humic allophane soil made from volcanic ejecta having a large number of pores has excellent adsorption performance and deodorizing performance, this humic allophane soil attracts attention as a purifying agent for purifying polluted water. Is being done.

This humic allophane soil is obtained by separating and removing plant roots, gravel and the like from volcanic products, and contains allophane and humic acid as main components. As its extraction method, for example, after washing the volcanic ejecta with water and applying a vibrator to remove unnecessary substances such as plant roots and gravel, it is further dried in the sun to remove the contained water to remove allophane and humic acid as main components. There is a method of collecting and collecting what is done.

The above allophane, when viewed with an electron microscope,
Although observed as small spherical particles, these particles
It is a clay mineral that exhibits a hollow sphere with a diameter of approximately 50 angstroms and exhibits a mutation charge. The mutation charge is a charge whose amount and sign change depending on the concentration and pH of the surrounding solution in contact, and the hydrogen ions resulting from the respiration of microorganisms are exchanged for metal ions and transferred to water. When it is taken up by the microorganism and the metal ion is reduced as a result, a phenomenon occurs in which the exchangeable cognate ion adsorbed on the nucleus supplements it.

[0006] Water contains various substances such as carbon dioxide and other gas substances as well as organic and inorganic compounds dissolved or dispersed therein. The particle surface area per hit becomes very large, the reaction at the interface is activated, and the core surface is negatively charged, which attracts a large number of cations. In particular, since a lot of active free aluminum oxide is present in allophane, phosphoric acid and fluorine in water are well adsorbed. As a result, a so-called electric double layer is formed. The electric double layer causes a phenomenon in which the adsorbed substance is adsorbed to another substance and ionized similarly to the magnetic + and − ionization.

On the other hand, humic acid reacts with ammonia, which is a source of organic odor, to form ammonium humate, and also binds with calcium ions, cadmium ions, mercury ions, magnesium ions, sodium ions, etc. to form hard water. Has the action of softening water and precipitating heavy metals. It also adsorbs methyl mercaptan and methyl inzole.

[0008] That is, allophane soil has a very effective action as a polluted water purifying agent.

[0009]

However, although allophane soil is extremely effective as a pollutant for purifying water as described above, particles are too small in the state obtained by separating and sorting from volcanic ejecta, so that it cannot be used as it is. Limited use,
It is unsuitable as a filtering agent for purifying polluted water.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and by effectively utilizing the adsorption performance and deodorization performance of humic allophane soil, while utilizing this as a filtering agent for purifying polluted water, pond water -The purpose is to make it possible to purify polluted water from rivers efficiently and over a long period of time.

[0011]

In the basic configuration of the present invention, as means for solving the above-mentioned problems, a plurality of filtration tanks are sequentially installed from the upstream side to the downstream side at the intake of a pond or the weir of a river. In addition, in each of the filtration tanks, a block-shaped filtering agent formed by mixing and binding a mixture of a humic allophane soil made of volcanic ejecta having a large number of pores with a predetermined amount of an inorganic acid with a binder. We store a large number of them and efficiently purify polluted water from ponds and rivers over a long period of time.

In the basic constitution of the present invention, it is preferable to provide a sedimentation tank for precipitating solid matter between the respective filtration tanks in order to remove solid matter contained in polluted water.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Some preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First Embodiment FIGS. 1 and 2 show a purifying device for pond water, rivers, etc. according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

This purifier is for purifying polluted water flowing out from the intake of the pond, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, at the intake 1 of the pond P from the upstream side to the downstream side. A plurality (for example, three) of filtration tanks 2, 2, 2 that are sequentially installed over the shores 1a, 1a, and the outflow water (that is, polluted water) W between the filtration tanks 2, 2, 2 And settling tanks 3 for precipitating the solid matter contained in.

Each of the filtration tanks 2 has the intake ports on both sides 1a,
It is composed of a bottomed net cage 4 which is detachably installed on the la 1a, and a large number of filtering agents S accommodated in the net cage 4. The mesh cage 4 is made of metal frames 5 facing each other.
5 and the frame bodies 5 and 5, and the wire net 6 stretched between the bottom portions of the frame bodies 5 and 5. The wire mesh 6 has a mesh smaller than the minimum size of the filtering agent S so that the filtering agent S does not spill.

Further, each of the settling tanks 3 is composed of the filter tanks 2,
It is composed of a surplus space formed between two.

However, as the filtering agent S, a volcanic ejecta having a large number of pores is composed of the raw material S, and a predetermined amount (for example, 5
A lump-shaped product obtained by mixing and adding an inorganic acid (for example, sulfuric acid) of 10 wt%) with a binder (for example, cement) is used. Here, the reason for adding the inorganic acid (for example, sulfuric acid) is to kill various bacteria contained in the humic allophane soil and to neutralize the alkalinity of the cement used as the binder. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the growth of various bacteria, and at the same time, filter tank 3,
It is possible to make the water W that has passed through 3 and 3 into a neutral liquid and prevent water pollution. The amount of inorganic acid added was 5
The amount of 10 to 10% by weight means that the bactericidal action is insufficient when the amount is 5% by weight or less, and the filtration tanks 2, 2 and 2 are more than 10% by weight.
This is because W that has passed through may become an acidic liquid.

The purifying device constructed as described above has the following effects.

The polluted water W flowing out from the pond P through the intake port 1 comes into contact with the filter agent S in the process of passing through the filter tanks 2, 2, 2 and the pollutant contained in the filter agent S in the polluted water W. Will be adsorbed or removed by a chemical reaction, and become clean water, which will flow down. At that time, in the settling tanks 3 and 3, the solid matter contained in the polluted water W is precipitated and removed.

By the way, the above-mentioned water purifying action includes the action of adsorbing pollutants by allophane contained in allophane soil (that is, the adsorption of phosphoric acid and fluorine in water), humic acid and ammonia, calcium ions, cadmium ions, and mercury ions. , Binding with magnesium ions, sodium ions, etc. and adsorption with methyl mercaptan and methyl inzole. Moreover, the water purification effect of allophane soil is effective for a long period of time due to the formation of the electric double layer as described above.

When clogging occurs due to long-term use, the filter tank 2 may be taken out from the water inlet 1 to wash the filter agent S or replace the filter agent S.

Next, the result of an experiment for confirming the water purifying action of the filtering agent used in the above purifying apparatus will be described.

First, a comparative test for comparing the water purification action of the filtering agent used in the present invention and activated carbon (comparative example) will be described.

Humus allophane and sulfuric acid (7% by weight) were used as active ingredients, and cement was mixed and bonded as a binder to prepare a plate-like material having a thickness of 3 cm and a width of 30 cm × 30 cm, which was crushed with a hammer. As a result, a filtering agent having a particle size of about 5 mm to 10 mm was obtained. The filter medium has a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 50 cm.
The transparent pipe was placed for 8 minutes, and a sponge having a thickness of 5 cm was put on the top and bottom of the transparent pipe and the lid was closed. Ammonia raw water 300 beside the transparent pipe
A container (15 cm in diameter, 25 cm in height) containing cc is installed, and a discharge port is provided in the lid of the container. Then, the suction port of the air pump and the discharge port of the container containing the raw ammonia solution are connected by a vinyl pipe, the discharge port of the air pump is connected to the suction port of the transparent pipe, and an ammonia odor is discharged from the discharge port of the transparent pipe. The odor disappeared after about 3 minutes, and the same was observed after 60 minutes and 180 minutes.

On the other hand, the transparent pipe is packed with activated carbon,
When the same test as described above was performed, there was a pungent odor that snorted after 3 minutes, and the same pungent odor remained after 60 minutes and 180 minutes.

From the results of the above test, it is clear that the filtering agent of the present invention has an extremely high purifying action (in particular, deodorizing action).

Next, Table 1 shows the water quality test results when the filtering agent of the present invention (that is, the present invention product of allophane soil + 7% by weight sulfuric acid) and only the humic allophane soil (conventional product) were used.

[0029]

[Table 1]

From the above results, it can be seen that the product of the present invention is superior to the conventional product in all test items.
In particular, it can be seen that it is particularly excellent in that the number of general bacteria is small, that the chloride ion is reduced, and that the PH value is neutral.

Second Embodiment FIGS. 3 and 4 show a purifying device for pond water, rivers, etc. according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

This purification device is installed in the weir portion 10 of the river R. The weir portion 10 is suitable for installing a purification device because the river width of the river R is limited to be small.

Then, one filtration tank 2 is installed on the upstream side of the weir portion 10, and two filtration tanks 2 and 2 are installed on the downstream side. A settling tank 3 is formed between the downstream filtering tanks 2 and 2. Other configurations, functions and effects are similar to those of the first embodiment, and therefore redundant description will be omitted.

In the above description, the example having three filtration tanks is taken as an example, but the number of filtration tanks can be appropriately set as long as it is two or more.

Further, in the above embodiment, sulfuric acid is used as the inorganic acid added to the allophane soil, but other inorganic acids (for example, hydrochloric acid etc.) may be used. further,
In some cases, a binder other than cement is used as the binder.

[0036]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, lumpy filtration is obtained by mixing and binding a humic allophane soil made of volcanic ejecta having a large number of pores with a predetermined amount of inorganic acid with a binder. Since it is designed to purify pond water, rivers, etc. by a filter tank containing the agent, it is possible to purify pond water, rivers, etc. efficiently and for a long period of time, and water pollution can be prevented by making the purified water neutral. The excellent effect that it can be effectively prevented is also obtained.

Further, when a sedimentation tank for precipitating solid matter is provided between the respective filtration tanks, the solid matter contained in the contaminated water can be removed by sedimentation, and further water purification can be promoted.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a purification device for pond water, rivers, etc. according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a purification device for pond water, rivers, etc. according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a pond water / river purification apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a pond water / river purification apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 is an intake port, 2 is a filtration tank, 3 is a sedimentation tank, 10 is a weir part, P
Is a pond and R is a river.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of filtration tanks are sequentially installed from an upstream side to a downstream side at a water intake of a pond or a weir part of a river, and
Each of the filtration tanks contains a large number of block-shaped filtration agents obtained by mixing and binding a mixture of a humic allophane soil made of volcanic ejecta having a large number of pores with a predetermined amount of inorganic acid with a binder. A purification device for pond water, rivers, etc. 2. The purification device for pond water, rivers, etc. according to claim 1, wherein a sedimentation tank for precipitating solid matter is provided between the respective filtration tanks.