JPH095080A - Surveying equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To carry out the leveling work in a short time irrespective of the degree of skill of an operator by arranging a guide function which visually indicates the direction to rotate a leveling screw. CONSTITUTION: When an instruction for leveling work is inputted from an input operation unit 13, either of leveling guides 100 is displayed in a display unit 12 according to the slanting direction in X-axis direction of a total station at the present. When an operator rotates two front side leveling screws 8 in the direction indicated by the guide 100, the guide 100 on the display unit 12 is switched to another pattern immediately when the total station is set horizontally in the X-axis direction. In this way, the operator realizes that the horizontality is accomplished in the X-axis direction and stops the rotation of two front side screws 8. Subsequently, a back side screw 8 instructed by means of the guide 100 is rotated in the instructed direction, the guide 100 is extinguished immediately when the horizontality is accomplished in Y-axis direction. In this way, the operator realizes that the horizontality is also accomplished in the Y-axis direction and stops the rotation of the back side screw 8, and consequently, adjustment is finished.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a surveying instrument which facilitates leveling work by displaying an instruction for leveling work.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a surveying instrument for surveying the direction of a point to be measured, an angle measuring instrument such as an electronic theodolite or a transit has been generally used. This goniometer is
A collimation telescope for collimating a measurement target point is rotatably provided about a vertical axis and a horizontal axis, and a rotation angle detecting means such as an encoder for detecting a rotation angle of the collimation telescope around each axis. Is provided, and the direction of the measurement target point is measured based on the rotation angle detected by each of the rotation angle detection means. In addition, recently, a total station in which an electronic theodolite is combined with a lightwave distance measuring device that measures the distance to a measurement target point based on the round-trip time of light has come into practical use.

In order to measure the absolute altitude angle in such a surveying instrument, the direction of altitude angle = 0, which is the reference of the altitude angle, that is, the horizontal direction must be accurately set.
When measuring the horizontal angle, the plane of rotation of the collimating telescope about the vertical axis must be aligned with the horizontal direction. This requires adjusting the surveying instrument to remain horizontal, or more precisely, adjusting the vertical axis of the surveying instrument to the vertical direction. Such adjustment is called “leveling”.

In order to enable this leveling work, in the conventional surveying instrument, the surveying is carried out on a leveling table provided with three screw type legs (leveling screws) capable of adjusting the amount of advance and retreat. It was configured to load the machine body. Further, in order to serve as a guide when performing a leveling operation using this leveling table, two bubble tubes facing in directions orthogonal to each other were fixed on the surveying instrument. Then, while watching the movement of the bubbles in the two bubble tubes, the operator appropriately rotates the three leveling screws so that the bubbles in each of the bubble tubes move to the center of the bubble tube. I was doing leveling work.

[0005]

However, while the three leveling screws are respectively arranged at the apex positions of the equilateral triangle, the bubble tubes are only two in the directions orthogonal to each other, and the leveling screws are equal to each other. The screw and bubble tube do not have a one-to-one correspondence.
Therefore, adjusting the amount of advance / retreat of one leveling screw affects the bubble position of both bubble tubes, and the leveling table should be horizontal and the vertical axis of the surveying instrument should be oriented vertically with only one adjustment. Was difficult.

If the operator is an expert, he or she may empirically judge the rotation direction and the rotation amount of each leveling screw from the position of the bubble in each bubble tube, and perform the leveling work with a small number of operations. It is possible. However, an unskilled person cannot judge which leveling screw should be rotated and how much, and blindly move the leveling screw back and forth or hit the limit of the adjustment range to work unnecessarily. I was spending time.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has a guide function that visually indicates which leveling screw should be rotated in which direction, so that a short time can be obtained regardless of the skill of the operator. It is an object of the present invention to provide a surveying instrument that can perform the leveling work in the.

[0008]

A first aspect of a surveying instrument according to the present invention is, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a surveying instrument main body for surveying, and tilting in any direction by advancing and retracting a plurality of screws. Further, a leveling table for supporting the main body of the surveying instrument, an inclination detecting means for detecting the inclination of the main body of the surveying instrument by dividing the inclination into two orthogonal components, and the inclination of one of the components detected by the inclination detecting means. Based on the orientation, the first display means for displaying a part of the plurality of screws to be rotated to eliminate the inclination in this component and the rotation direction thereof, and the inclination detection means detect the same. A display for specifying a part of the plurality of screws to be rotated in order to eliminate the tilt in this component and the rotation direction thereof based on the tilt direction in the other component Characterized by comprising a second display means for performing (corresponding to claim 1).

A second aspect of the surveying instrument according to the present invention is a surveying instrument main body for performing surveying, a leveling table for supporting the surveying instrument main body so that the surveying instrument main body can be tilted in any direction by advancing and retracting a plurality of screws. The inclination of each component is eliminated based on the inclination detecting means for detecting the inclination of the surveying instrument main body by dividing it into two orthogonal inclination components and the inclination directions of the inclination components of the two directions detected by this inclination detecting means. Display means for displaying the screw rotation direction to be rotated in order to rotate the display device (corresponding to claim 11).

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Before giving a detailed description of each embodiment, the concept of each constituent element of the present invention will be described. (Surveyor body) The surveyor body can be a goniometer. It suffices for this angle measuring device to be capable of measuring either the horizontal angle or the altitude angle, but it may be one capable of measuring the angle by combining the horizontal angle and the altitude angle. Transit and electronic theodolite correspond to such a goniometer. Further, the surveying instrument main body may be a rangefinder such as a lightwave rangefinder, or may be a total station in which an electronic theodolite and a lightwave rangefinder are integrally combined.

When the body of the surveying instrument is a goniometer or a total station, the body of the surveying instrument is provided with a first rotating shaft oriented in a direction orthogonal to the two directions in which the tilt component is detected by the tilt detecting means. , Is configured to be rotatable with respect to the leveling table (corresponding to claim 9). In this case, when the leveling is performed, by fixing the main body of the angle measuring instrument to a predetermined rotational position with respect to the leveling table, it is possible to display based on the tilt component detected by the tilt detecting means. . In this case, the surveying instrument main body is a collimation telescope, which is rotatably provided around a second rotation axis oriented in a direction orthogonal to the first rotation axis for collimating the survey target, A first rotation amount detecting means for detecting a relative rotation angle of the surveying instrument body with respect to the leveling table about the first axis; and a second rotation amount detecting means for detecting a relative rotation angle of the surveying instrument body with respect to the collimating telescope about the second axis. It can be configured to have the rotation amount detection means. Then, the tilt detected by the tilt detecting means may be configured to be used for correcting each relative rotation angle detected by the first rotation amount detecting means and the second rotation amount detecting means. Yes (corresponding to claim 10). (Leveling Platform) The leveling platform may be integrated into the surveying instrument main body, or may be formed separately from the surveying instrument main body and loaded with the surveying instrument main body. The leveling table may be provided with a plurality of screws. Especially 3 screws
If it is a piece, adjustment becomes easy (corresponding to claim 3). It should be noted that if one of the three screws is replaced with a fixed leg, it is possible to use two screws. (Tilt detection means) The tilt detection means is a mechanical tilt sensor that uses a pendulum, a tilt sensor that uses a water bubble tube,
It can be configured as an inclination sensor that detects the angle of the liquid surface. When using a water bubble tube, it may be a resistance type inclination sensor that detects the water bubble position as the resistance value of the liquid,
A capacitance type inclination sensor that detects the capacitance may be used.

In the case where the leveling table has three screws as described above, the inclination detecting means has the first direction component in the direction parallel to the line connecting two of the three screws. The inclination of the surveying instrument main body may be detected separately from the first direction component and the second direction component orthogonal to the direction component (corresponding to claim 4). With this configuration, when the remaining one of the three screws is moved back and forth, the inclination of the second direction component can be adjusted without affecting the inclination of the first direction component. Therefore, after the adjustment of the inclination of the first direction component is completed, the display is made so as to adjust the inclination of the second direction component, so that the leveling can be performed in a short time. In this case, if the inclination detecting means is composed of a first inclination detecting device that detects an inclination in the first direction component and a second inclination detecting device that detects an inclination in the second direction component, the inclination can be easily detected ( (Corresponding to claim 7). (First Display Means, Second Display Means) The first display means may stop the display when the inclination in one component is eliminated. In that case, if the second display means performs the display only after the display is stopped by the first display means, the operator can easily understand the operation procedure (corresponding to claim 2). As described above, when the tilt is detected separately for the first direction component and the second direction component according to the directions of the three screws, the first display means displays the tilt direction in the first direction component. The second display means displays the second
The display can be configured to be based on the direction of the inclination in the direction component (corresponding to claim 5). In this case, the first display means displays the second display along the direction of the first direction component.
Identify and display each screw as the screw to rotate,
The second display means identifies and displays the remaining one screw as a screw to be rotated (corresponding to claim 6). In this way, the operator's adjustment work of the second direction component
This can be done after the adjustment of the first direction component is completed.

The first display means and the second display means are
The rotation amount of the screw corresponding to the tilt amount of each component detected by the tilt detecting means may be displayed (corresponding to claim 8). By doing so, the operator can know not only the rotation direction of the screw but also the rotation amount thereof.

[0014]

First Embodiment A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. This embodiment shows an example in which the surveying instrument according to the present invention is applied as a total station. <Mechanical Structure of Total Station> FIG. 1 is a front view showing the appearance of the total station, and FIG.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the total station as viewed from the left side of FIG. 1. As is apparent from FIGS. 1 and 2, the total station is configured by stacking the handle 11, the main body portion 2, the base portion 3, and the leveling block 4 in order from the top of the drawings.

The main body 2 has a substantially U-shape, and holds the collimating telescope unit 1 in the U-shaped recess 2a. Further, on the front surface and the back surface of the main body 2, a leveling guide 100 for leveling work, a display 12 composed of a liquid crystal panel of a dot matrix system for displaying a survey result 101, and various data and operation commands. An input operation unit 13 for inputting is input.

The collimating telescope section 1 has a built-in collimating telescope 1a for collimating a reflecting prism (corner cube) arranged at a measurement target point. This collimation telescope 1a
Serves as both a light-transmitting optical system and a light-receiving optical system for modulated light for lightwave distance measurement. In addition, in the collimation telescope unit 1, a light emitting element that emits the modulated light, a light receiving element that receives the return light of the modulated light from the reflecting prism, and the like are built in.

The collimating telescope unit 1 is axially supported in the U-shaped recess 2a of the main body 2 by a horizontal shaft 6 (second rotating shaft) and is erected along the vertical direction of the paper surface of FIG. It can rotate within the plane (the plane of FIG. 2). A disk-shaped transparent scale 7a is fixed to an end of a horizontal shaft 6 that rotates integrally with the collimation telescope unit 1. On the other hand, in the main body 2,
A detection device 7b for reading the pattern drawn on the transparent scale 7a is fixed. These transparent scales 7
The a and the detection device 7b constitute an incremental vertical encoder 7 (second rotation amount detection means), and a pulse indicating a relative rotation direction between the collimating telescope unit 1 and the main body unit 2 Only the number corresponding to the rotation angle occurs.
The vertical fine adjustment screw 2b shown in FIG. 1 is a screw for finely adjusting the amount of rotation of the collimating telescope unit 1 with respect to the main body 2.

The handle 11 is hung on the upper surface of the main body 2 so as to straddle the U-shaped recess 2a and the collimating telescope unit 1.
It is fixed by a screw 11a. This handle 11 is
It is gripped when transporting the total station.

As shown in FIG. 2, the base portion 3 is provided in a direction orthogonal to the above-mentioned horizontal axis 6 and is oriented in the vertical direction when the total station is used (vertical axis 9 (first). 1) is pivotally supported on the bottom surface of the main body portion 2 and is relatively rotatable within a plane that stands in the left-right direction of the paper surface of FIGS. 1 and 2. A disk-shaped scale 10a is provided at the end of the vertical shaft 9 that rotates integrally with the base 3. On the other hand, the main body 2
A detection device 10b for reading the pattern drawn on the scale 10a is fixed therein. The scale 10a and the detection device 10b constitute an incremental horizontal encoder 10 (first rotation amount detection means), and a pulse indicating the relative rotation direction between the base portion 3 and the main body portion 2 is generated by the scale 10a and the detection device 10b. Only the number corresponding to the relative rotation angle occurs. The horizontal fine adjustment screw 2c shown in FIG. 1 is a screw for finely adjusting the amount of rotation of the main body 2 with respect to the base 3.

With the above mechanical construction, the collimation telescope unit 1
Can face any direction with respect to the base part 3. Then, the direction of the collimating telescope 1a at this time is decomposed into an altitude angle (elevation angle with respect to the horizontal direction) and a horizontal angle (direction with respect to an arbitrarily set origin direction), and the vertical encoder 7 and the horizontal encoder 10 respectively respectively. To be measured. That is, the collimation telescope unit 1, the main body unit 2, and the base unit 3
The surveying instrument body is composed of.

The leveling block 4 is composed of an upper plate 4a and a lower plate 4b. And these upper plates 4a
A space between the lower plate 4b and the lower plate 4b is supported by three leveling screws 8. As shown in FIG. 3, two leveling screws 8 are arranged on the front side and one on the back side at equal angular intervals from the center of the leveling block 4, and each of them is an apex of an equilateral triangle. It is arranged to make. The direction parallel to the line connecting the two leveling screws 8 on the front side among the three is the X-axis direction as the first direction component. Further, the direction orthogonal to the first direction component is the Y-axis direction as the second direction component.

Each leveling screw 8 is interposed between a holding portion 8a that is rotatable with respect to the lower plate 4b and is held so as not to fall off, and between the lower plate 4b and the upper plate 4a, and a part thereof is provided. Operation dial 8 protruding outside the leveling block 4
b, and a male screw portion 8c screwed into a female screw hole 4c formed in the upper plate 4a. Therefore, when the operator rotates the operation dial 8b, the male screw portion 8c integral therewith advances and retreats in the female screw hole 4c, and the holding portion 8a holds the upper plate 4 against the lower plate 4b which is held so as to be relatively unmovable.
a separates. By appropriately adjusting the three leveling screws 8 configured as described above, the upper plate 4a is different from the lower plate 4b.
Can be tilted in any direction. In other words, no matter what direction the lower plate 4b is tilted, the upper plate 4a can be adjusted to be oriented horizontally, and the vertical axis 9 of the total station can be oriented vertically.

In the base 3, the X-axis tilt sensor 14a as a first tilt detecting device for detecting the tilt in the lateral direction (X-axis direction) of FIG. 1 and the lateral direction of the paper of FIG. A Y-axis tilt sensor 14b as a second tilt detection device that detects a tilt in the (Y-axis direction) is built in. Both of these tilt sensors 14a and 14b form tilt detection means,
Both have the same internal structure. The internal configuration of the tilt sensors 14a and 14b will be described with reference to the side view of FIG.

In FIG. 4, the liquid tank 20 has a right-left symmetrical prismatic shape of an end face home base shape and is made of transparent glass. Inside the liquid tank 20, a volume of water 21 that is half the total volume of the liquid tank 20 is sealed. Therefore, the spatial point where the center of the liquid surface 21a is located is always located at the liquid surface 21a regardless of how the liquid tank 20 is tilted (within a certain range). Hereinafter, this point is referred to as "center of liquid surface".

Further, in FIG. 4, the light emitted from the light emitting diode 22 is collimated by the collimator lens 23, collimated by the diaphragm 24, and narrowed down to be incident on the one inclined bottom surface 20a of the liquid tank 20. The light emitting diode 22, the collimator lens 23, and the diaphragm 24 are arranged such that the light that has passed through them and entered the liquid tank 20 enters the center of the liquid surface along the direction of the paper surface of FIG. . Although the liquid surface 21a is always located at the center of the liquid surface as described above, no matter how the liquid surface 21a is inclined, the incident angle of the light on the liquid surface 21a is larger than the critical angle. The positions of the light emitting diode 22, the collimator lens 23, and the diaphragm 24 are determined so that

Outside the other inclined bottom surface 20b of the liquid tank 20, the upper surface 20c of the liquid tank 20 is kept horizontal (the upper surface 20c and the liquid surface 21a are parallel to each other) and the liquid surface 21a. The fθ lens 25 is arranged so that the light reflected by is incident along the optical axis thereof. At the focal position of the fθ lens 25, a PSD (Position Sensitive Detector) 26 is fixed so that the light passing through the optical axis of the fθ lens 25 is focused on the center of its light receiving surface.

With the above construction, when the tilt sensor 14a or 14b tilts in the tilt detection direction, the liquid level 21a in the liquid tank 20 also tilts in either direction. Then, at the center of the liquid surface, the light emitting diode 22 which is reflected by the liquid surface 21a
The reflection direction of the light from is tilted in the direction corresponding to the tilt of the liquid surface 21a with the center of the liquid surface as the center. Then, the fθ lens 25 changes the PS by an amount that is directly proportional to the tilt of the reflected light.
The condensing position on D26 is displaced. This displacement is P
It is determined by executing the following calculation (1) on the currents I ₁ and I ₂ output from both terminals of SD26.

(I ₂ −I ₁ ) / (I ₂ + I ₁ ) = X / L (1) However, L is half the length of the light receiving surface of the PSD 26 in the long axis direction. Further, X is the distance from the center of the light receiving surface of the PSD 26 to the condensing position, and the terminal side of I ₂ is positive.

This calculation result X / L is obtained by each tilt sensor 1
Since it is proportional to the tilt angle in the measurement direction of 4a or 14b, it is used as data indicating the degree of tilt. Since X has both positive and negative polarities, the polarity of X / L changes depending on the direction of inclination. Here, when the total station is tilted to the right (clockwise) in the plane of FIG. 1, the output of the X-axis tilt sensor 14a (X /
It is assumed that the polarity of L) is positive, and that the polarity becomes negative when tilted to the left (counterclockwise). Similarly, when the total station tilts toward the front side (clockwise on the paper surface of FIG. 2) in the plane of FIG. 1, the polarity of the output (X / L) of the Y-axis tilt sensor 14b becomes positive, and the back side (FIG. 2). When it is tilted in the counterclockwise direction on the paper, its polarity becomes negative. <Internal Circuit of Total Station> Next, the configuration of the internal circuit of the total station will be described with reference to the block diagram of FIG. In FIG. 5, the X-axis tilt sensor 14a and the Y-axis tilt sensor 14b described above are connected to the tilt measurement unit 30 for performing the calculation (1) described above.

Further, the light emitting element 34 and the light receiving element 35 incorporated in the collimating telescope section 1 are connected to the distance measuring section 32. The distance measuring unit 32 internally generates a modulation signal having a predetermined phase, and the light emitting element 34 according to the modulation signal.
To emit modulated light. Further, the distance measuring unit 32 is input with a modulation signal generated by returning light of the modulated light photoelectrically converted by the light receiving element 35. Then, the distance measuring unit 32 detects the phase difference between the phase of the internally generated modulation signal and the phase of the modulation signal due to the return light, and based on this phase difference, the mechanical center of the total station (the light emitting element 21 and the light receiving element). The distance from the optical equivalent position on the optical axis of the collimation telescope 1a to the element 22) to the reflection prism is calculated.

The vertical encoder 7 and the horizontal encoder 10 are connected to the angle measuring unit 33. The angle measuring unit 3 measures the measurement target based on the pulse from the horizontal encoder 10 and the pulse from the vertical encoder 7 with the machine center of the total station (corresponding to the intersection of axis 6 and axis 9) as a reference. Calculate the angle value (altitude angle with respect to horizontal direction, horizontal angle with respect to arbitrary origin direction).

The inclination measuring unit 30, the distance measuring unit 32, the angle measuring unit 33, the display unit 12 and the input operation unit 13 are
It is connected to the arithmetic and control unit 31. This control calculation unit 31
Is a CPU (central processing unit) that controls the entire total station. That is, the control calculation unit 31 controls the distance measuring unit 32 to perform distance measurement according to the input content from the input operation unit 13, displays the distance measurement result 101 on the display unit 12, and causes the angle measurement unit 33 to operate. The angle is measured by controlling, and the angle measurement result 1
01 is displayed on the display unit 12. In addition, the control calculation unit 31
As the first display means and the second display means, controls the tilt measuring unit 30 to measure the tilt and displays the leveling guide 100 on the display unit 30.

The form of the leveling guide 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 12. As shown in these figures, the leveling guide 100 is composed of three circles 100a each showing the three leveling screws 8 and, if necessary, an arrow 100b displayed around the circle 100a. To be done. 10 yen each
Of 0a, the one displayed on the upper side indicates the leveling screw 8 located on the back side, and the one displayed on the lower left indicates the leveling screw 8 located on the front left side, which is displayed on the lower right side. The thing shows the leveling screw 8 located in the front right side. Further, each arrow 100b is displayed around the leveling screw 8 to be rotated, in the direction of rotation, and with a length corresponding to the amount of rotation. <Leveling Guide Display Processing> Next, in order to display the leveling guide 100 as described above on the display unit 12, the control calculation unit 3
The contents of the control process executed in FIG.
A description will be given based on the flowchart.

The main routine shown in FIG. 6 is started by turning on the power to the total station. Then, in step S101, initial setting necessary for surveying is performed, and in step S102, it is determined whether or not the leveling work is executed. This determination is performed because the leveling work is not always necessary when measuring only the oblique distance of the measurement target point. It should be noted that this determination is performed according to an operation signal from the input operation unit 13 based on the input operation of the operator. At this time, if it is inputted that the leveling work is not to be executed, the leveling work is finished as it is.

On the other hand, when the leveling work is executed, the process proceeds to the loop corresponding to the first display means of S103 to S106. In this S103, the output signal of the X-axis tilt sensor 14a is acquired. That is, the current generated from the PSD 26 of the X-axis tilt sensor 14a is input to the tilt measuring unit 30.

In the next step S104, inclination calculation is executed.
That is, the inclination measuring unit 30 is controlled to execute the calculation (1) on the value of the current input in S103. In the next S105, it is checked whether the total station is horizontal in the X-axis direction based on the value (X / L) indicating the inclination calculated in S104. In this check, when the value (X / L) is 0 at a predetermined significant digit, it is determined to be horizontal.

If the result of this check is that it is not horizontal, then in step S106 the X-axis leveling guide display process shown in FIG. 7 is executed based on the value (X / L) calculated in step S104. . In this X-axis leveling guide display processing, first, in S201, the value (X /
Check the polarity of L).

If the polarity is negative, the total station is tilted to the left in the plane of FIG. 1, so that the leveling guide 100 of pattern 1 shown in FIG. To display. This pattern 1 promotes rotating the leveling screw 8 on the front left side in the clockwise direction and rotating the leveling screw 8 on the front right side in the counterclockwise direction. The length of the arrow 100b at this time is displayed long when the absolute value of the value (X / L) is large, and short when it is small. Then, when the operator rotates the two leveling screws 8 on the front side by the same amount in the indicated direction in accordance with the leveling guide 100 of this pattern 1, the entire total station changes the tilt state in the Y-axis direction. It rotates clockwise in the plane of FIG.

On the other hand, if the polarity is determined to be positive in S201, it means that the total station is tilted to the right in the plane of FIG.
03, the leveling guide 1 of the pattern 2 shown in FIG.
00 is displayed on the display unit 12. This pattern 2 is to rotate the leveling screw 8 on the front left side counterclockwise and rotate the leveling screw 8 on the front right side clockwise.
It is a stimulus. The length of the arrow 100b at this time is displayed long when the absolute value of the value (X / L) is large, and short when it is small. Then, when the operator rotates the two leveling screws 8 on the front side by the same amount in the indicated direction in accordance with the leveling guide 100 of this pattern 1, the entire total station changes the tilt state in the Y-axis direction. Without it, it rotates counterclockwise in the plane of FIG.

When the display processing of S202 or S203 is completed, the processing returns to the main routine of FIG. 6 and the loop processing of S103 and thereafter is re-executed. As a result of repeating such a loop of S103 to S106, S105
If it is determined that the object is horizontal in the X-axis direction in, the process proceeds to a loop corresponding to the second display unit of S107 to S110. In this S107, the Y-axis tilt sensor 1
Acquire the output signal of 4b. That is, the Y-axis tilt sensor 1
The current generated from the PSD 26 of 4b is input to the inclination measuring unit 30.

In the next step S108, inclination calculation is executed.
That is, the inclination measuring unit 30 is controlled to execute the above calculation (1) on the current value input in S107. In the next S109, it is checked whether the total station is horizontal in the Y-axis direction based on the value (X / L) indicating the inclination calculated in S108. In this check, when the value (X / L) is 0 in a predetermined number of significant digits, it is determined to be horizontal.

If the result of this check is that it is not horizontal, then in the next step S110, the Y-axis leveling guide display processing shown in FIG. 8 is executed based on the value (X / L) calculated in step S108. . In this Y-axis leveling guide display processing, first in S301, the value (X /
Check the polarity of L).

If the polarity is positive, it means that the total station is tilted to the front side in FIG. 1 (right side in FIG. 2).
The leveling guide 100 of the pattern 3 shown in FIG.
2 is displayed above. This pattern 3 promotes rotation of only the leveling screw 8 on the back side in the counterclockwise direction. The length of the arrow 100b at this time is displayed long when the absolute value of the value (X / L) is large, and short when it is small. And this pattern 3
When the operator rotates the leveling screw 8 on the back side in the designated direction in accordance with the leveling guide 100 of FIG.
Rotate counterclockwise in the plane of.

On the other hand, if the polarity is determined to be negative in S301, it means that the total station is inclined to the far side in FIG. 1 (left side in FIG. 2), and therefore the pattern shown in FIG. 4 Leveling guide 100
Is displayed on the display unit 12. The pattern 4 promotes rotation of only the leveling screw 8 on the back side in the clockwise direction. The length of the arrow 100b at this time is displayed long when the absolute value of the value (X / L) is large, and short when it is small. Then, when the operator rotates the leveling screw on the back side in the instructed direction in accordance with the leveling guide 100 of this pattern 4, the entire total station does not change the tilted state in the X-axis direction and the plane of FIG. It rotates in the clockwise direction.

When the display processing of S302 or S303 ends, the processing returns to the main routine of FIG. 6 and the loop processing of S107 and thereafter is re-executed. As a result of repeating such a loop of S107 to S110, S109
When it is determined that the object is horizontal in the Y-axis direction in S,
After the display of the leveling guide 100 displayed on the display unit 12 at 111 is erased, this leveling operation is ended. <Operation of the Embodiment> The operation for surveying using the total station of this embodiment is as follows.
That is, before performing the survey, the total station is placed on a tripod (not shown) set up on a predetermined measuring point, and the total station is powered on. Then, a display asking whether to perform the leveling work is displayed on the display unit 12.

When the operator inputs through the input operation unit 13 that the leveling work is to be performed, the pattern 1 shown in FIG. 9 or the pattern shown in FIG. 9 depends on the inclination direction of the total station at the present time in the X-axis direction. Any one of the leveling guides 100 of the pattern 2 shown in 10 is displayed on the display unit 12.
When the operator rotates the two front side leveling screws 8 instructed by the leveling guide 100 in the instructed direction, at the moment when the total station becomes horizontal in the X-axis direction, the display unit is displayed. The leveling guide 100 displayed on the screen 12 corresponds to the pattern 3 shown in FIG.
The pattern 4 is switched to the pattern 4 shown in FIG.

At the time when the leveling guide 100 is switched to the pattern 3 or the pattern 4, the operator knows that the total station has become horizontal in the X-axis direction, so the rotation of the leveling screw 8 on the front side is immediately stopped. To do. Then, when the operator rotates the leveling screw 8 on the back side instructed by the leveling guide 100 in the instructed direction, at the moment when the total station becomes horizontal in the Y-axis direction, the display unit is displayed. The leveling guide 100 displayed on 12 disappears. When the leveling guide 100 disappears, the operator knows that the total station is horizontal even in the Y-axis direction, and immediately stops the rotation of the leveling screw 8 on the back side.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the operator can complete the leveling work only by rotating each leveling screw 8 once according to the leveling guide 100. In the present embodiment, the display unit 12 is a dot matrix type liquid crystal display plate, but only the display-only area of the leveling guide 100 may be a static type. In that case, each part of the leveling guide 100 (circle 100a, arrow 100b)
Is placed as a segment in this display-only area, and each segment is selectively displayed according to each pattern.
Configure. At this time, if the segment forming each arrow 100b is composed of two barb portions facing each direction and a cane portion divided into a plurality of portions, the rotation amount can be indicated in addition to the rotation direction.

[0049]

Second Embodiment The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the arrangement of the leveling screws 8 in the plane of the leveling block 4. That is, in the second embodiment, the leveling screw 8 is the same as that shown in FIG.
As shown in, one is arranged on the front side and two are arranged on the back side. In accordance with this, also in the leveling display 100, two circles 100a are displayed on the upper side and one circle 100a is displayed on the lower side. Except for these points, the second embodiment has the same configuration as the first embodiment, and therefore its explanation is omitted.

[0050]

Third Embodiment The third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the arrangement of the leveling screws 8 in the plane of the leveling block 4. That is, in the third embodiment, the leveling screw 8 is
As shown in FIG. 1, two are arranged on the left side and one on the right side in FIG. In addition, according to this, the leveling display 100
Also, two circles 100a are on the left side, and a circle 100a is on the right side.
One a is displayed.

In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG.
The left-right direction (left-right direction in FIG. 1) is treated as the Y-axis direction,
The front-back direction (direction orthogonal to the paper surface of FIG. 1) is treated as the X-axis direction. The other structure of the third embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.

[0052]

Fourth Embodiment The fourth embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the arrangement of the leveling screws 8 in the plane of the leveling block 4. That is, in the fourth embodiment, the leveling screw 8 is the same as that shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, one on the left side and two on the right side in FIG. In accordance with this, also in the leveling display 100, there is one circle 100a on the left side and a circle 100a on the right side.
Are displayed.

In the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG.
The left-right direction (left-right direction in FIG. 1) is treated as the Y-axis direction,
The front-back direction (direction orthogonal to the paper surface of FIG. 1) is treated as the X-axis direction. The other structure of the fourth embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.

[0054]

Fifth Embodiment The fifth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that
A tilt sensor dedicated to leveling is not provided, and a tilt sensor for correcting the angle measurement result by the vertical encoder 7 and the horizontal encoder 10 is also used for leveling. <Structure of Embodiment> A front view of a total station according to the fifth embodiment is shown in FIG. 16, and a side view thereof is shown in FIG.
As is apparent from FIG. 16, an X-axis tilt sensor 40a for detecting the inclination of the main body 2 in the direction parallel to the horizontal axis 6 is built in the main body 2 of the total station according to the fifth embodiment. . Similarly, as is apparent from FIG. 17, a Y-axis tilt sensor 40b that detects the tilt of the main body 2 in the direction orthogonal to the horizontal axis 6 and the vertical axis 9 is incorporated.

The main body 2 having the tilt sensors 40a and 40b built therein is rotatable relative to the base 3 about an axis 9. Therefore, the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction on the main body 2 side do not necessarily match the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction on the leveling table 4 side. The leveling table 4 cannot rotate with respect to the base part 3. Therefore, indexes 41 and 42 are engraved on the outer surface of the boundary between the main body 2 and the base 3. That is, the index 41 is engraved on the outer surface of the main body 2, and the index 42 is engraved on the outer surface of the base part 3. Then, when the main body 2 and the base 3 rotate relative to each other and the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction of the main body 2 side and the leveling table 4 side match, the respective indexes 41, 42 match. It has become.

The other mechanical construction, circuit construction, and control processing contents of the total station according to the fifth embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.
It is exactly the same as that of the embodiment. Therefore, other description will be omitted. <Operation of the Embodiment> The operation for surveying using the total station of this embodiment is as follows.
That is, before carrying out the survey, the total station is arranged on a tripod (not shown) set up on a predetermined measuring point, and the main unit 2
Rotate the base about the axis 9 with respect to the base part 3, and
Match 1,42. Next, when the power of the total station is turned on, the control calculation unit 31 starts the control for leveling by using the tilt detection values output from the tilt sensors 40a and 40b as the data for leveling. After that, the leveling work is executed in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

According to the fifth embodiment, since it is not necessary to provide a tilt sensor dedicated to leveling, the mechanical structure of the total station can be simplified.

[0058]

[Sixth Embodiment] The sixth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that
The leveling guide for the X-axis direction and the leveling guide for the Y-axis direction are displayed simultaneously. In the present embodiment, due to the relationship, the form of the leveling guide 200 and the control calculation unit 3
The contents of the control process in No. 1 are different from those in the first embodiment. <Structure of Embodiment> The form of this leveling guide 200 is shown in FIG.
8 will be described. As shown in FIG. 18, the leveling guide 200 includes three circles 201 each indicating the three leveling screws 8 (a circle 201a indicating the leveling screw 8 on the back side, a leveling screw located on the front left side). 8), a circle 201c indicating the leveling screw 8 located on the front right side, and arrows 202 to 205 displayed around each circle 201 as necessary.

Of these arrows 202 to 205, the arrow 202 indicates X when the total station is tilted leftward (counterclockwise) in the plane of FIG. 1 in the X-axis direction.
A display urging that the leveling screw 8 located on the front left side is rotated clockwise and the leveling screw 8 located on the right side front is rotated counterclockwise so as to be horizontal in the axial direction (-direction X-axis). Rotation instruction).

Further, an arrow 203 indicates a leveling located on the left side of the front face in order to make the total station horizontal in the X-axis direction when the total station is tilted rightward (clockwise) in the plane of FIG. 1 in the X-axis direction. This is a display urging that the screw 8 is rotated counterclockwise and the leveling screw 8 located on the front right side is rotated clockwise (+ direction X-axis rotation instruction).

Further, the arrow 204 indicates the leveling located on the back side in order to make the total station horizontal in the Y-axis direction when the total station is tilted to the front side in FIG. 1 (right side in FIG. 2) in the Y-axis direction. This is a display for prompting the screw 8 to rotate in the counterclockwise direction (+ direction Y-axis rotation instruction).

Further, an arrow 205 indicates a leveling located on the back side in order to make the total station horizontal in the Y-axis direction when the total station is tilted to the back side in FIG. 1 (left side in FIG. 2) in the Y-axis direction. This is a display prompting the screw 8 to be rotated clockwise (-direction Y-axis rotation instruction).

In FIG. 18, all arrows 20 are shown for convenience of explanation.
2 to 205 are shown at the same time, each arrow 202 to 20
5 is displayed or erased according to the direction of inclination in each direction (X-axis direction, Y-axis direction). Therefore, the arrow 202 (-direction X-axis rotation instruction) and the arrow 203 (+ direction X-axis rotation instruction) are not displayed at the same time. Also, arrow 20
4 (+ direction Y-axis rotation instruction) and arrow 205 (-direction Y
The rotation instruction for axis) is not displayed at the same time.

The rest of the mechanical structure and circuit structure of the sixth embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, so the description thereof will be omitted. <Leveling Guide Display Processing> Next, in order to display the leveling guide 200 as described above on the display unit 12, the control calculation unit 3
The contents of the control process executed in 1 will be described based on the flowcharts of FIGS. 19 and 20.

The main routine of FIG. 19 is started by turning on the power to the total station. Then, in the first step S401, initial setting required for surveying is performed, and in the next step S402, it is determined whether or not the leveling work is to be executed. This determination is performed because the leveling work is not always necessary when measuring only the oblique distance of the measurement target point. It should be noted that this determination is performed according to an operation signal from the input operation unit 13 based on the input operation of the operator. At this time, if it is inputted that the leveling work is not to be executed, the leveling work is finished as it is.

On the other hand, when the leveling work is executed, the process proceeds to the loop corresponding to the display means of S403 to S406. In this S403, the output signals of the X-axis tilt sensor 14a and the Y-axis tilt sensor 14b are acquired. That is, the current generated from the PSD 26 of the X-axis tilt sensor 14a and the Y-axis tilt sensor 14b is converted into the inclination measuring unit 3
0 is input.

In the next step S404, inclination calculation is executed.
That is, the tilt measurement unit 30 is controlled to execute the above calculation (1) for the value of the current from the X-axis tilt sensor 14a input in S403, and the value (X /
L) is calculated. Similarly, by controlling the inclination measuring unit 30,
The above calculation (1) is executed for the value of the current from the Y-axis tilt sensor 14b input in S403, and the value (X / L) indicating the tilt in the Y-axis direction is calculated.

In the next step S405, it is checked whether the total station is horizontal in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, based on the value indicating the inclination in each direction calculated in S404. In this check, when both of the above values (X / L) are 0 in a predetermined effective digit, it is determined to be horizontal.

If the result of this check is that it is not horizontal in any direction, in the next step S406, the leveling guide display shown in FIG. 20 is displayed based on the respective values (X / L) calculated in step S404. Execute the process.

In this X-axis leveling guide display processing,
First, in S501, the display data is reset. That is, the arrows 202 to 205 that were displayed when the processing of FIG. 20 was executed previously are once deleted. Therefore, even if an arrow corresponding to any of the axial tilts was previously displayed, it will be erased once by the reset of this display data. The arrow remains erased.

At the next step S502, circles 201a to 201c corresponding to the leveling screws 8 are displayed on the display unit 12. In next step S503, it is determined whether the value (X / L) indicating the inclination in the X-axis direction calculated in step S404 is a positive value, 0, or a negative value.

If the negative value is determined in S503, it means that the total station is tilted to the left side in the plane of FIG.
In 4, the rotation direction display for the − direction X axis is displayed. That is,
The arrow 202 is displayed on the display unit 12. This arrow 202
The length of is displayed long when the absolute amount of the above value (X / L) is large, and is displayed short when it is small. Then, when the operator rotates the two leveling screws 8 on the front side by the same amount in the indicated direction according to the arrow 202, the entire total station does not change the tilt state in the Y-axis direction and the plane of the paper of FIG. It rotates in the clockwise direction.

If it is determined to be a positive value in S503, it means that the total station is tilted to the right in the plane of FIG.
At, the + direction X-axis rotation instruction display is performed. That is, the arrow 203 is displayed on the display unit 12. The length of the arrow 203 is displayed long when the absolute value of the value (X / L) is large, and short when it is small. And
The operator operates the two leveling screws 8 on the front side according to the arrow 203.
When is rotated by the same amount in the instructed direction, the entire total station rotates counterclockwise in the plane of FIG. 1 without changing the tilted state in the Y-axis direction.

If it is determined to be 0 in step S503, the arrows 202 and 203 for the X-axis direction are not displayed. In any case, in the next S506,
A value indicating the tilt in the Y-axis direction calculated in S404 (X
/ L) is a positive value, 0, or a negative value.

If the negative value is determined in S506, it means that the total station is tilted to the far side in FIG. 1 (left side in FIG. 2). The rotation instruction is displayed. That is, the arrow 205 is displayed on the display unit 12. The length of the arrow 205 is displayed long when the absolute value of the value (X / L) is large, and short when it is small. Then, when the operator rotates the leveling screw 8 on the back side in the indicated direction according to the arrow 205, the entire total station is rotated clockwise in the plane of FIG. 2 without changing the tilted state in the X-axis direction. Rotate.

If the positive value is determined in S506, it means that the total station is tilted toward the front side in FIG. 1 (right side in FIG. 2). The rotation instruction is displayed. That is, the arrow 204 is displayed on the display unit 12. The length of the arrow 204 is displayed long when the absolute value of the value (X / L) is large, and short when it is small. Then, when the operator rotates the leveling screw 8 on the back side in the indicated direction in accordance with the arrow 204, the entire total station is rotated counterclockwise in the plane of FIG. 2 without changing the tilted state in the X-axis direction. Rotate to.

If it is determined to be 0 in S506, the Y-axis direction arrows 204 and 205 are not displayed. In any case, this leveling guide display subroutine is terminated and S403 of the main routine of FIG.
Return to

As a result of repeating the above loop (S403 to S406), when it is determined in S405 that both the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction are horizontal, the loop is exited and the leveling guide 200 is moved in S407. to erase. Then, this leveling work processing is ended. <Operation of the Embodiment> The operation for surveying using the total station of this embodiment is as follows.
That is, before performing the survey, the total station is placed on a tripod (not shown) set up on a predetermined measuring point, and the total station is powered on. Then, a display asking whether to perform the leveling work is displayed on the display unit 12.

Then, when the operator inputs through the input operation unit 13 that the leveling work is to be performed, the leveling guide 200 is displayed. However, at that time, the total station is X
When it is horizontal in the axial direction and the Y-axis direction, the leveling work is completed without displaying the leveling guide 200 at all. On the other hand, when the total station is tilted at that time, the circles 201a to 201c corresponding to the leveling screws 8 and any arrow depending on the tilt direction in the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction. 202 to 205 are displayed.

When the operator rotates the leveling screw 8 instructed by the leveling guide 200 in the instructed direction, the entire total station is indicated by arrows 202-2.
Rotate to be horizontal in the axial direction corresponding to 05. Then, when the total station becomes horizontal in any of the axial directions, the arrows 202 to 205 corresponding to the inclination in the axial direction are erased.

In this case, the operator must pay attention to the arrow 20 in order to eliminate the inclination in the X-axis direction first.
After adjusting the two leveling screws 8 on the front side according to 2 or 203, in order to eliminate the tilt in the Y-axis direction, the arrow 204
Or 205 to adjust the leveling screw 8 on the back side. This is because even if the leveling screw 8 on the back side is rotated in order to adjust the tilt in the Y-axis direction as described above, the state of the tilt in the X-axis direction is not affected. 1
This is because the leveling work is completed simply by rotating each time. Otherwise, when adjusting the two leveling screws 8 on the front side according to the arrow 202 or 203 in order to eliminate the inclination in the X-axis direction, the amount of rotation of each leveling screw 8 should be the same (in the opposite direction). ) Should be. By doing so, adjustment of the tilt in the X-axis direction does not affect the state of tilt in the Y-axis direction. Therefore, even when the tilt adjustment in the Y-axis direction is performed first, each leveling screw 8 is adjusted once. This is because the leveling work can be completed simply by rotating.

As a result of the adjustment of the leveling screw 8 as described above, when the total station is horizontal in both the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, the leveling guide 200 is completely erased and the operator is required to adjust each leveling. Immediately stop the rotation of the semi-screw 8.

[0083]

According to the surveying instrument of the present invention constructed as described above, it is possible to visually indicate which leveling screw should be rotated in which direction. It becomes possible to perform the leveling work in a short time regardless of the above.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a total station according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing the total station of FIG. 1 as viewed from the left side of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the arrangement of leveling screws in the leveling block.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the internal configuration of each tilt sensor.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an internal circuit of the total station.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a process executed to display a leveling guide in the arithmetic control unit of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the contents of an X-axis leveling guide display subroutine executed in S106 of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the contents of a Y-axis leveling guide display subroutine executed in S110 of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a leveling guide according to pattern 1.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a leveling guide according to pattern 2.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a leveling guide according to pattern 3.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a leveling guide according to pattern 4.

FIG. 13 is a plan view showing the arrangement of leveling screws in the leveling block in the second embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a plan view showing the arrangement of leveling screws in the leveling block in the third embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a plan view showing the arrangement of leveling screws in the leveling block according to the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a front view of a total station according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a side view showing the total station of FIG. 16 viewed from the left side of FIG. 16.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a leveling guide according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing the processing executed by the arithmetic and control unit to display the leveling guide in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.

20 is a flow chart showing the contents of a leveling guide display subroutine executed in S406 of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 Base part 4 Leveling block 4a Upper plate 4b Lower plate 8 Leveling screw 12 Display part 14a X-axis tilt sensor 14b Y-axis tilt sensor 30 Tilt measuring part 31 Display part 40a X-axis tilt sensor 40b Y-axis tilt sensor 100 Leveling guide 200 Leveling guide

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A surveying instrument main body for performing surveying, a leveling table which supports the surveying instrument main body so that the surveying instrument main body can be tilted in any direction by advancing and retracting a plurality of screws, and two directions in which the inclination of the surveying instrument main body is orthogonal to each other. Of the plurality of screws to be rotated in order to eliminate the tilt in this component based on the tilt detection means for detecting the tilt component separately and the tilt direction in one of the components detected by this tilt detection means. The first display means for displaying a part of the screw and the rotation direction of the screw, and based on the inclination direction of the other component detected by the inclination detection means, the rotation is performed to eliminate the inclination of this component. A surveying instrument, comprising: a part of the plurality of screws to be caused to be displayed; and a second display means for displaying the rotation direction of the screw. 2. The first display means stops the display when the inclination in the one component is eliminated, and the second display means stops the display by the first display means. The surveying device according to claim 1, wherein the display is performed only afterward. 3. The surveying instrument according to claim 2, wherein the leveling table is provided with the three screws. 4. The tilt detecting means includes a first direction component in a direction parallel to a line connecting two of the three screws and a second direction component in a direction orthogonal to the first direction component. The surveying instrument according to claim 3, wherein the inclination of the surveying instrument main body is detected separately. 5. The first display means performs the display based on a tilt direction in the first direction component, and the second display means displays the display based on a tilt direction in the second direction component. The surveying device according to claim 4, which is performed. 6. The first display means identifies and displays two screws along the direction of the first direction component as screws to be rotated, and the second display means displays the remaining one screw. The surveying instrument according to claim 5, wherein the screw is specified and displayed as a screw to be rotated. 7. The first inclination detecting device, wherein the inclination detecting means detects an inclination in the first direction component, and the second inclination detecting device.
The surveying instrument according to claim 4, further comprising a second inclination detecting device for detecting an inclination in the direction component. 8. The first display means and the second display means display the amount of rotation of the screw corresponding to the amount of inclination of each component detected by the inclination detection means. The surveying instrument described. 9. The surveying instrument main body is rotatable with respect to the leveling table by a first rotating shaft oriented in a direction orthogonal to two directions in which the inclination component is detected by the inclination detecting means. The surveying instrument according to claim 1, wherein: 10. The collimating telescope, wherein the surveying instrument main body is rotatably provided around a second rotating shaft oriented in a direction orthogonal to the first rotating shaft for collimating an object to be surveyed. ，
First rotation amount detecting means for detecting a relative rotation angle of the surveying instrument body with respect to the leveling table about the first axis, and relative rotation of the surveying instrument body with respect to the collimating telescope about the second axis. In addition to having the second rotation amount detecting means for detecting an angle, the inclination detected by the inclination detecting means is
10. The surveying instrument according to claim 9, wherein the surveying instrument is used for correcting each of the relative rotation angles detected by the rotation amount detecting means and the second rotation amount detecting means. 11. A surveying instrument main body for performing surveying, a leveling table for supporting the surveying instrument main body so that the surveying instrument main body can be tilted in any direction by advancing and retracting a plurality of screws, and two directions in which the inclination of the surveying instrument main body is orthogonal to each other. Based on the inclination directions of the inclination components in the two-direction inclination components detected by the inclination detection means, and the respective screw rotations to be rotated in order to eliminate the inclinations of the respective components. A surveying instrument, comprising: a display unit for displaying a direction.