JPH09505621A - Method for producing anhydrous and fluid sugar tenside powder - Google Patents
Method for producing anhydrous and fluid sugar tenside powderInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09505621A JPH09505621A JP7514826A JP51482695A JPH09505621A JP H09505621 A JPH09505621 A JP H09505621A JP 7514826 A JP7514826 A JP 7514826A JP 51482695 A JP51482695 A JP 51482695A JP H09505621 A JPH09505621 A JP H09505621A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- carbon atoms
- weight
- sugar
- powder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical group C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052915 alkaline earth metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005210 alkyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical class OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000606 toothpaste Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229940034610 toothpaste Drugs 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 alkyl ether sulfate Chemical class 0.000 description 27
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 21
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 20
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 10
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 5
- WNWHHMBRJJOGFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO WNWHHMBRJJOGFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002012 Aerosil® Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 4
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RFWGABANNQMHMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-acetoxy-7-acetyl-6,7,7a,8-tetrahydro-5H-benzo[g][1,3]dioxolo[4',5':4,5]benzo[1,2,3-de]quinoline Natural products CC=C1C(CC(=O)OCCC=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)C(C(=O)OC)=COC1OC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1O RFWGABANNQMHMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RKWGIWYCVPQPMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloropropamide Chemical compound CCCNC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 RKWGIWYCVPQPMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Geraniol Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCO GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000010933 acylation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000010617 anise oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- QMVPMAAFGQKVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N citronellol Chemical compound OCCC(C)CCC=C(C)C QMVPMAAFGQKVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000735 docosanol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N elaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RRAFCDWBNXTKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N eugenol Chemical compound COC1=CC(CC=C)=CC=C1O RRAFCDWBNXTKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 2
- CDOSHBSSFJOMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N linalool Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)(O)C=C CDOSHBSSFJOMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UWKAYLJWKGQEPM-LBPRGKRZSA-N linalyl acetate Chemical compound CC(C)=CCC[C@](C)(C=C)OC(C)=O UWKAYLJWKGQEPM-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl salicylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940043348 myristyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N palmitoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 2
- CNVZJPUDSLNTQU-SEYXRHQNSA-N petroselinic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCC(O)=O CNVZJPUDSLNTQU-SEYXRHQNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006268 reductive amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- MGSRCZKZVOBKFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N thymol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1O MGSRCZKZVOBKFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- KJIOQYGWTQBHNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCO KJIOQYGWTQBHNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UTLUCORTSA-N (+)-Neomenthol Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@@H](C)C[C@@H]1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UTLUCORTSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FTLYMKDSHNWQKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,4,5-trichlorophenyl)boronic acid Chemical class OB(O)C1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl FTLYMKDSHNWQKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BCFOOQRXUXKJCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-4-oxo-2-sulfobutanoic acid Chemical class NC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O BCFOOQRXUXKJCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PVXPPJIGRGXGCY-DJHAAKORSA-N 6-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-alpha-D-fructofuranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@](O)(CO)O1 PVXPPJIGRGXGCY-DJHAAKORSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940057402 undecyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Chemical compound COC1=CC(C=O)=CC=C1O MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FGQOOHJZONJGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Natural products COC1=CC(O)=CC(C=O)=C1 FGQOOHJZONJGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012141 vanillin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C07C233/17—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom
- C07C233/18—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom having the carbon atom of the carboxamide group bound to a hydrogen atom or to a carbon atom of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
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- C07C233/16—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
- C07C233/17—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom
- C07C233/20—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom having the carbon atom of the carboxamide group bound to a carbon atom of an acyclic unsaturated carbon skeleton
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- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
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- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
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Abstract
(57)【要約】 (a1)アルキルおよび/またはアルケニルオリゴグリコシドおよび/または(a2)脂肪酸-N-アルキルポリヒドロキシアルキルアミドを含有する水性調製物を100〜225℃の温度の過熱蒸気で処理し、乾燥した生成物を取得することによって、無水かつ流動性の糖テンシド粉末が得られる。このようにして得た生成物は優れた臭気および味覚特性を有しており、練り歯磨きや合成石鹸などの界面活性物質の製造に用いることができる。 (57) [Summary] An aqueous preparation containing (a1) an alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycoside and / or (a2) a fatty acid-N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkylamide is treated with superheated steam at a temperature of 100 to 225 ° C. to give a dried product. An anhydrous and fluid sugar tenside powder is obtained by obtaining. The product thus obtained has excellent odor and taste properties and can be used for the production of surface-active substances such as toothpaste and synthetic soap.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 無水かつ流動性の糖テンシド粉末の製造方法 発明の分野 本発明は、アルキルおよび/またはアルケニルオリゴグリコシドおよび/また は脂肪酸−N−アルキルポリヒドロキシアルキルアミドを100〜225℃の過 熱蒸気で処理することからなる、水不含かつ易流動性の糖界面活性剤粉末の製造 方法、および、この物質を界面活性配合物の製造に使用することに関する。 従来の技術 アルキルおよび/またはアルケニルオリゴグリコシド、好ましくはアルキルオ リゴグルコシドは、再生可能な粗原料に基づく非イオン界面活性剤であり、これ らの優れた作用特性およびこれらの特別の環境毒性適合性のゆえに、界面活性配 合物の製造に重要性を増しつつある。同じことが、別の群の糖界面活性剤、即ち 脂肪酸−N−アルキルポリヒドロキシアルキルアミド、より具体的には脂肪酸− N−アルキルグルカミドに当てはまる。 これら2種類の糖界面活性剤が特に適していると考えられる市場分野は、口の 衛生および歯の保護用の配合物の分野である。例えば、国際特許出願WO91/020 46[ヘンケル(Henkel)]は、練り歯磨きの製造に適したシリカとアルキルオリゴグ ルコシドを含有する粉末形態の調製物を記載している。国際特許出願WO91/025 13[ヘンケル]は、抗菌物質ビグアニド、磨き材料として三水和酸化アルミニウム 、および界面活性剤成分として例えばアルキルオリゴグルコシドを含有する歯苔 抑制用の練り歯磨きを記載している。さらに、ドイツ特許出願DE-A1 41 01 5 05[ヘンケル]は、アルキルエーテルスルフェートおよびアルキルオリゴグルコシ ドの混合物を含有する口衛生および歯保護用の調製物を記載している。最後に、 日本特許出願JP1/068,312[資生堂]は、リン酸水素カルシウム、グリセロール 、カルボキシメチルセルロースおよびウンデシルグルコシドを含有する良好な起 泡特性を有する練り歯磨きを記載している。 この従来技術にもかかわらず、アルキルオリゴグルコシドまたは脂肪酸-N-ア ルキルグルカミドを含有する歯保護用の配合物は、これまで市場で入手すること ができなかった。これには、以下に挙げるいくつかの理由が存在する。 1.その製造から、アルキルオリゴグルコシドは、蒸留によって通常は除去す ることができない遊離の脂肪アルコールを約1〜2重量%含有する。しかし、練 り歯磨きにおいては、このごく少ない含有量が非許容性の味覚の悪化を導く。 2.アルキルオリゴグルコシドおよび脂肪酸-N-アルキルグルカミドの両方は 、過酸化物漂白処理によって約0.5重量%のギ酸またはギ酸エステル/塩を含 有することがある。この含有量は生理学的には全く安全であるが、それはここで も生成物の味覚に重大な影響を持つ。 3.練り歯磨きを調合するためには、糖界面活性剤を、水を含まない形態で、 または少なくとも高脱水された形態で、好ましくは粉末として使用しなければな らない。しかし、アルキルオリゴグルコシドおよび脂肪酸-N-アルキルグルカミ ドの両方は、通常の工業的方法によっては水不含の形態で得ることができない。 その理由は、感受性の高い糖残基が、噴霧乾燥条件のもとで、さらに薄層蒸発器 においても(熱い金属壁から熱が移動する)、重度に炭化するためである。 4.無機塩の存在下での過熱蒸気による水含有の糖界面活性剤の乾燥が原理的 に既知である[DE-A1 40 30 688、WO93/15813(ヘンケル)]。しかし、部分的 な炭化および塔壁上のケーキングが、それ以外の注意深い乾燥工程にもかかわら ず、これら2つの文献に挙げられた約300℃の通常温度で発生する。さらに、 これらに記載されている方法は、過熱蒸気による陰イオン界面活性剤の乾燥のた めの例によって説明されているにすぎない。 5.別の問題は、特に、通常の方法によって乾燥した糖界面活性剤粉末が、追 加の構成成分として例えばアルキルスルフェート型の陰イオン界面活性剤を含有 し、不適切に低い見掛け密度を有しているときに、該糖界面活性剤粉末が冷水に 十分に可溶性ではない点である。 従って、本発明が指向する課題は、上記の不都合な点のない、固体の水不含の 形態で糖界面活性剤を製造するための方法を提供することであった。 発明の説明 本発明は、水不含の易流動性の糖界面活性剤粉末の製造方法であって、 (a1)アルキルおよび/またはアルケニルオリゴグリコシドおよび/または (a2)脂肪酸-N-アルキルポリヒドロキシアルキルアミド を含有する水性調製物を100〜225℃の温度、好ましくは150〜200℃ の温度の過熱蒸気で処理し、乾燥した物質を取得することからなる方法に関する 。 驚くべきことに、本発明の方法によって得ることができる水不含の糖界面活性 剤粉末(糖界面活性剤および所望により陰イオン界面活性剤を含有する)は、驚く ほど良好な流れ特性および色調品質を示すだけでなく、水に特に容易に溶解する ことを見い出した。生成物の味覚および臭気特性に悪影響を及ぼし得る遊離の脂 肪アルコール、ギ酸およびその塩は、水とともにほとんど完全に除去されるか、 または、少なくとも応用の見地からもはや問題とならない程度にまでその濃度が 減少する。即ち、本発明は、熱い金属壁との接触によって熱移動させることのな い、糖界面活性剤および糖界面活性剤と陰イオン界面活性剤の混合物のための乾 燥法を初めて提供するものである。 本発明は、炭化生成物もどのようなケーキングも起こらないが、非粘着性の乾 燥した易流動性の粉末が得られる程度にまで乾燥温度を低下させなければならな いときに、特別のケイ酸塩支持体を使用するのが特に有利であるという観察を包 含する。 本発明の方法によって得ることができる糖界面活性剤粉末は、大きく改善され た臭気および味覚特性によってさらに区別される。アルキルおよび/またはアルケニルオリゴグリコシド アルキルおよび/またはアルケニルオリゴグリコシドは、以下の式(I)に対応 する: R1O−[G]p (I) [式中、R1は6〜22個の炭素原子を含有するアルキルおよび/またはアルケニ ル基であり、Gは5または6個の炭素原子を含有する糖単位であり、pは1〜1 0の数である]。 これらは、関連の製造有機化学の方法によって得ることができる既知物質である 。この対象に利用可能な詳しい文献の代表例として、EP-A1 0 301 298および W090/03977を挙げる。 このアルキルおよび/またはアルケニルオリゴグリコシドは、5または6個の 炭素原子を含有するアルドースまたはケトース、好ましくはグルコースから導く ことができる。即ち、好ましいアルキルおよび/またはアルケニルオリゴグリコ シドは、アルキルおよび/またはアルケニルオリゴグルコシドである。 一般式(I)中のインデックスpは、オリゴマー度(DP度)、即ちモノおよびオ リゴグリコシドの分布を示し、1〜10の数である。ある化合物のpは常に整数 でなければならず、特に1〜6の値をとるであろうが、あるアルキルオリゴグリ コシドの値pは分析によって決定され算出される量であり、通常は端数である。 1.1〜3.0の平均オリゴマー度pを有するアルキルおよび/またはアルケニル オリゴグリコシドを用いるのが好ましい。1.7未満、より具体的には1.2〜1 .4のオリゴマー度を有するアルキルおよび/またはアルケニルオリゴグリコシ ドが、応用の見地から好ましい。 アルキルまたはアルケニル基R1は、6〜11個、好ましくは8〜10個の炭 素原子を含有する第一アルコールから導くことができる。代表的な例は、ブタノ ール、カプロンアルコール、カプリルアルコール、カプリンアルコールおよびウ ンデシルアルコール、ならびに、例えば工業用脂肪酸メチルエステルの水素化ま たはレーレン(Roelen)のオキソ合成からのアルデヒドの水素化において得られる 上記アルコールの工業用混合物である。蒸留による工業用C8〜C18ココヤシ油 脂肪アルコールの分離の際に最初の流出物として得られ、不純物として6重量% 未満のC12アルコールを含有することもあるC8〜C10の鎖長を有するアルキル オリゴグルコシド(DP=1〜3)、および工業用C9/11オキソアルコールに基づ くアルキルオリゴグルコシド(DP=1〜3)が好ましい。 さらに、アルキルまたはアルケニル基R1は、12〜22個、好ましくは12 〜14個の炭素原子を含有する第一アルコールから導くこともできる。代表的な 例は、ラウリルアルコール、ミリスチルアルコール、セチルアルコール、パルミ トレイルアルコール、ステアリルアルコール、イソステアリルアルコール、オレ イルアルコール、エライジルアルコール、ペトロセリニルアルコール、アラキル アルコール、ガドレイルアルコール、ベヘニルアルコール、エルシルアルコール 、および上記のようにして得ることができるこれらアルコールの工業用混合物で ある。1〜3のDPを有する水素化C12/14ココヤシ油脂肪アルコールに基づく アルキルオリゴグルコシドが好ましい。脂肪酸N-アルキルポリヒドロキシアルキルアミド 脂肪酸N-アルキルポリヒドロキシアルキルアミドは、以下の式(II)に対応す る: [式中、R2COは6〜22個の炭素原子を含有する脂肪族アシル基であり、R3 は水素、1〜4個の炭素原子を含有するアルキルまたはヒドロキシアルキル基で あり、[Z]は3〜12個の炭素原子および3〜10個のヒドロキシル基を含有す る直鎖または分岐鎖のポリヒドロキシアルキル基である]。 この脂肪酸N-アルキルポリヒドロキシアルキルアミドは、通常、還元糖のア ンモニア、アルキルアミンまたはアルカノールアミンによる還元的アミノ化およ びその後の脂肪酸、脂肪酸アルキルエステルまたは脂肪酸クロリドによるアシル 化によって得ることができる既知化合物である。これらの製造方法は、US1,98 5,424、US2,016,962およびUS2,703,798ならびに国際特許出願WO92/06984 に記載されている。ケルケンベルク(H.Kelkenberg)によるこの対象の概論は、Te ns.Surf.Det.25,8(1988)に見ることができる。 この脂肪酸N-アルキルポリヒドロキシアルキルアミドは、5または6個の炭 素原子を含有する還元糖から、より具体的にはグルコースから導くのが好ましい 。 即ち、好ましい脂肪酸N-アルキルポリヒドロキシアルキルアミドは、以下の式( III)に対応する脂肪酸N-アルキルグルカミドである: 好ましい脂肪酸N-アルキルポリヒドロキシアルキルアミドは、R3が水素また はアミン基であり、R2COがカプロン酸、カプリル酸、カプリン酸、ラウリン 酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、パルミトレイン酸、ステアリン酸、イソステ アリン酸、オレイン酸、エライジン酸、ペトロセリン酸、リノール酸、リノレン 酸、アラキン酸、ガドレイン酸、ベヘン酸もしくはエルカ酸またはこれらの工業 用混合物のアシル成分である式(III)に対応するグルカミドである。メチルアミ ンによるグルコースの還元的アミノ化とその後のラウリン酸またはC12/14ココ ヤシ油脂肪酸または対応する誘導体によるアシル化によって得られる脂肪酸N- アルキルグルカミド(III)が特に好ましい。さらに、このポリヒドロキシアルキ ルアミドを、マルトースおよびパラチノースから導くこともできる。陰イオン界面活性剤 本発明の方法の1つの具体的な態様においては、糖界面活性剤に加えて陰イオ ン界面活性剤を含有する水性調製物を乾燥する。このような陰イオン界面活性剤 の代表例は、アルキルベンゼンスルホネート、アルカンスルホネート、オレフィ ンスルホネート、アルキルエーテルスルホネート、グリセロールエーテルスルホ ネート、α-メチルエステルスルホネート、スルホ脂肪酸、アルキルおよび/ま たはアルケニルスルフェート、脂肪アルコールエーテルスルフェート、グリセロ ールエーテルスルフェート、ヒドロキシ混合エーテルスルフェート、モノグリセ リド(エーテル)スルフェート、脂肪酸アミド(エーテル)スルフェート、モノおよ びジアルキルスルホスクシネート、モノおよびジアルキルスルホスクシナメート 、スルホトリグリセリド、アミド石鹸、エーテルカルボン酸およびその塩、脂肪 酸 イセチオネート、脂肪酸サルコシネート、脂肪酸タウリド、アシルラクチレート 、アシルグルタメート、アシルタルトレート、アルキルオリゴグルコシドスルフ ェート、タンパク質脂肪酸縮合物(より具体的には、植物大豆に基づく生成物)お よびアルキル(エーテル)ホスフェートである。陰イオン界面活性剤がポリグリコ ールエーテル鎖を含有しているならば、これらは通常の同族体分布を有していて よいが、狭い同族体分布を有しているのが好ましい。アルキルおよび/またはアルケニルスルフェート 本発明の1つの好ましい態様においては、糖界面活性剤に加えて陰イオン界面 活性剤としてアルキルおよび/またはアルケニルスルフェートを含有する水性調 製物を乾燥する。アルキルおよび/またはアルケニルスルフェートは、以下の式 (IV)に対応する第一アルコールの硫酸化生成物である: R4O−SO3X (IV) [式中、R4は6〜22個、好ましくは12〜18個の炭素原子を含有する直鎖ま たは分岐鎖の脂肪族アルキルおよび/またはアルケニル基であり、Xはアルカリ 金属および/またはアルカリ土類金属、アンモニウム、アルキルアンモニウム、 アルカノールアンモニウムまたはグルコアンモニウムである]。 本発明のために使用してよいアルキルスルフェートの代表例は、カプロンアル コール、カプリルアルコール、カプリンアルコール、2-エチルヘキシルアルコ ール、ラウリルアルコール、ミリスチルアルコール、セチルアルコール、パルミ トレイルアルコール、ステアリルアルコール、イソステアリルアルコール、オレ イルアルコール、エライジルアルコール、ペトロセリニルアルコール、アラキル アルコール、ガドレイルアルコール、ベヘニルアルコールおよびエルシルアルコ ール、ならびに、レーレン(Roelen)オキソ合成からのアルデヒドまたは工業用メ チルエステル分画の高圧水素化によって得られる上記アルコールの工業用混合物 の硫酸化生成物である。これらの硫酸化生成物は、そのアルカリ金属塩、より具 体的にはそのナトリウム塩の形態で好都合に使用することができる。 式(IV)に対応する特に好ましいアルキルスルフェートは、次のものである: ・R4が16〜18個の炭素原子を含有するアルキル基であり、Xがナトリウム である;または ・R4が12〜18個の炭素原子を含有するアルキル基であり、Xがナトリウム であって、一方の16〜18個の炭素原子を含有するアルキル基と他方の12〜 14個の炭素原子を含有するアルキル基の比が50:50〜90:10重量部で ある。 代表的な例は、C16/18獣脂アルコールスルフェートのナトリウム塩、または C16/18獣脂アルコールスルフェートナトリウム塩とC12/14ココヤシ脂肪アルコ ールスルフェートナトリウム塩の60:40もしくは80:20の重量比の混合 物である。水性調製物 本発明において、上記の糖界面活性剤に加えてさらに陰イオン界面活性剤を含 有していてよい水性調製物とは、5〜70重量%、好ましくは40〜60重量% の固体含有量の溶液またはペーストであると解される。ギ酸またはギ酸塩/エス テルの除去を考慮すると、この調製物を6〜11のpH値で、好ましくは6.5〜 9のpH値で用いるのが特に有利であることがわかった。例えば、クエン酸がpH の調節に適している。アルカリ金属および/またはアルカリ土類金属ケイ酸塩 蒸気による処理の際に、固体界面活性剤粒子の形成は結晶化核の存在によって 促進される。例えば、無機および/または有機の塩がこの目的に適している。し かし、易流動性であり、非粘着性であり、乾燥しており、そして、水に容易に溶 解する粉末の製造に関する限り、多数の基本的に適する物質からの支持体の選択 は重要である。アルカリ金属および/またはアルカリ土類金属のケイ酸塩が、特 に、必要な性質を備えた粉末を与えることを見い出した。 即ち、水ガラス、より具体的には、ある「係数」[即ち、0.5〜5、より具体 的には1〜3.5の(SiO2)と(M2O)の比]を有するいわゆる「過剰乾燥」した 水ガラスを支持体として用いる。約2の係数を有するナトリウム水ガラスを用い るのが好ましい。この過剰乾燥した水ガラスは、通常の水ガラスを過熱蒸気で乾 燥することによって、または、水性調製物の乾燥中にその場で調製することがで きる。代表的な例は、ヘンケル社[Henkel KgaA,Dusseldorf,FRG]の2つの製品 、「ナトリウム−ヴァッサーグラス(Natrium-Wasserglass)N50/55(係数 2.0)」および「ナトリウム−ウォーターグラスN37/40(係数3.45)」 なら 「オプチゲル(OptigelR)SH」である。 アルカリ金属および/またはアルカリ土類金属ケイ酸塩は、得られる粉末の固 体量を基準に、0.1〜50重量%の量で用いてよく、好ましくは15〜30重 量%の量で用いる。支持体 アルカリ金属ケイ酸塩を支持体として用いるのが好ましいが、これらは他の材 料、例えば無機または有機塩と容易に混合することができる。無機塩の代表例は 、アルカリ金属および/またはアルカリ土類金属の酸化物、硫酸塩、炭酸塩、炭 酸水素塩、リン酸塩、ピロリン酸塩、ケイ酸塩およびハロゲン化物である。特に 好ましい支持体は、硫酸ナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カルシウム、リン酸 ナトリウム、ピロリン酸カルシウム、塩化ナトリウム、層状ケイ酸塩、ゼオライ ト、ハイドロタルサイトおよび酸化マグネシウムである。 99.8重量%を越えるSiO2含有量を有する高分散シリカ(水ガラス型の助剤 と混同すべきではない)が特に適した共支持体であることがわかった。エーロジ ル(aerosil)は、直径10〜20nmおよび内部表面100〜400m2/gの無定形 球状粒子からなる。エーロジルはその表面にSiOH基を有しており、これが比 較的弱い水素架橋結合によって互いに結合しているので、構造体が形成される。 エーロジルは、デグッサ社[Degussa AG,Hanau,FRG]の市販製品である。これら le-Fette-Wachse)94,849(1968)に見ることができる。 有機塩の代表例は、アルカリ金属および/またはアルカリ土類金属の石鹸、よ り具体的には、酢酸ナトリウム、ステアリン酸マグネシウムおよびステアリン酸 カルシウムである。多糖、例えば天然および/または化学修飾した酸分解の(ト ウモロコシ)デンプンなども有機支持体として適している。このトウモロコシデ ンプンは、それが粉末のゼラチン化温度を高くする限り有利である。 上記の共支持体は、支持体材料の全量の1〜25重量%、好ましくは5〜15 重量%を構成していてよい。蒸気処理 本発明の方法においては、非イオン界面活性剤ならびに塩および所望により支 持体の水性調製物を大気酸素の非存在下に過熱蒸気で処理する。この新規な工業 的方法の原理は、出願人がそのドイツ特許出願DE-A1 40 30 688、DE-A1 4 2 04 035、DE-A1 42 40 090、DE-A1 42 06 050、DE-A1 42 06 495およ びDE-A1 42 06 521に開示した。 この方法は、比較的冷たい出発物質における過熱蒸気の凝縮および乾燥すべき 該物質への凝縮熱の放出により、水の小滴をその操作条件下で水の沸騰温度まで 、即ち常圧下では約100℃の温度まで自然加熱するという原理に基づいている 。この沸騰温度は、全滞留時間にわたって物質の小滴における最低温度として維 持する。蒸気揮発性の不純物、例えば脂肪アルコールまたはギ酸(これらは、過 激な条件下で、および通常の条件下で行う場合には設備に対する大きな経費を伴 って除去し得るのみである)は、このようにして水相とともに迅速、完全かつ綿 密に除去される。 本発明の方法の1つの好ましい態様においては、水性調製物を150〜225 ℃の範囲の温度の過熱蒸気とともに閉鎖系中に噴霧し、凝縮した水をそれに溶解 した不純物とともに除去し、そして、乾燥および精製した有用な物質を循環路( サーキット)から取得する。 基本的に、この方法は循環蒸気の流れを伴う閉鎖系中で行うが、ここで、出発 物質から蒸発した水は除去され、放出されたエネルギーは循環流に戻される。通 常の方法においては、比較的高い温度での運転が常に精製すべき物質の部分的炭 化の危険を伴うが、大気酸素の存在しないことが、特に150〜225℃、好ま しくは170〜200℃の運転温度を直ちに可能にする。溶解した不純物を分離 した後、取出した蒸気はプロセス蒸気として別の用途に好都合に振向けることが できる。パウダリング 本発明の方法の1つの特に好ましい態様においては、なお存在する全ての残留 粘着性を確実に排除するために、上記の乾燥した有用な物質を適当な微粒子固体 で処理(「パウダリング」)することによって、特に好ましい流れ特性を有する 糖界面活性剤粉末を得ることができる。この目的に適する固体は、基本的に、蒸 気処理に適する支持体として既に挙げたか、または表面活性配合物に使用される 物質である。代表的な例は、例えばケイ酸塩、塩化ナトリウム、硫酸ナトリウム 、リン酸ナトリウム、ピロリン酸ナトリウム、ステアリン酸カルシウムなどの塩 、および、特に大きな内部表面を有するシリカ(エーロジル)である。パウダリン グのためには、これら固体は、糖界面活性剤粉末を基準に、0.1〜5重量%の 量で、好ましくは0.5〜1重量%の量で使用するのが普通である。 パウダリングは、後続の工程として行うことができる。しかし、粉末の均一な 排出を確保し、噴霧乾燥塔の壁へのケーキングを確実に回避する、噴霧乾燥塔中 で行うのが好ましい。本発明の1つの好ましい態様においては、パウダリング原 料は噴霧乾燥塔の頭部に導入する。これに関して、パウダリングのための支持物 質を使用するのが特に好ましい。この場合、パウダリング原料の量は、支持体全 量の約30%を構成するのが好ましく、極めて好ましい場合には、得られる乾燥 物質を基準に約30重量%である。このパウダリング工程は、特に、粉末中の糖 界面活性剤の含有量が50重量%を越えるときに有利である。大きな塊がパウダ リング工程中に形成されることがあるが、冷却および機械運動によって急速に崩 壊する。界面活性剤 適当なところで、後の仕上げのために必要な助剤および添加剤を、後の工程に おいて糖界面活性剤粉末に加えることができる。しかし、これらが適切な熱安定 性を保持しているときには、これらの構成成分を、糖界面活性剤とともに蒸気処 理にかけることができる。 これら助剤および添加剤には、特に、他の界面活性剤が含まれる。非イオン界 面活性剤の代表例は、脂肪アルコールポリグリコールエーテル、アルキルフェノ ールポリグリコールエーテル、脂肪酸ポリグリコールエステル、脂肪酸アミドポ リグリコールエーテル、脂肪アミンポリグリコールエーテル、アルコキシル化ト リグリセリド、ポリオール脂肪酸エステル、糖エステル、ソルビタンエステルお よびポリソルベートである。これら非イオン界面活性剤がポリグリコールエーテ ル鎖を含有しているときには、これらは通常の同族体分布を有していてよいが、 狭い範囲の同族体分布を有しているのが好ましい。 陽イオン界面活性剤の代表例は、第四アンモニウム化合物および第4級化され たジ脂肪酸トリアルカノールアミンエステルである。両性界面活性剤の代表例は 、アルキルベタイン、アルキルアミドベタイン、アミノプロピオネート、アミノ グリシネート、イミダゾリニウムベタインおよびスルホベタインである。 上に挙げた界面活性剤は全て既知の化合物である。これらの構造および製造に ついての詳細は、関連の概説に見ることができる。例えば、ファルベ(J.Falbe) 編、「消費用製品における界面活性剤」、Springer Verlag、ベルリン、1987、5 4-124頁、または、ファルベ編、「触媒、テンシドおよび鉱油添加剤」、Thieme Verlag)シュトゥットガルト、1978、123-217頁を参照。香料 最後に、他の適当な助剤および添加剤は、香味成分、例えばペパーミント油、 スペアミント油、アニス油、日本アニス油、キャラウェー油、ユーカリノキ油、 フェンネル油、シナモン油、イラクサ油、ゼラニウム油、セージ油、ピメント油 、タイム油、マヨラナ油、バジル油、シトラス油、ゴールテリア油、またはこれ ら油の1またはそれ以上の単離または合成した成分、例えばメントール、カルボ ン、アネトール、シネオール、オイゲノール、シンナムアルデヒド、カリオフィ レン、ゲラニオール、シトロネロール、リナロール、サルベン、チモール、テル ピネン、テルピノール、メチルカビコールおよびサリチル酸メチルなどである。 他の適当な香料は、例えば、酢酸メチル、バニリン、イオノン、酢酸リナリル、 ロジノールおよびピペリトンである。適当な甘味料は、天然の糖、例えばスクロ ース、マ ルトース、ラクトースおよびフルクトース、または、合成甘味料、例えばサッカ リンナトリウム塩、ナトリウムシクラメートまたはアスパルテームのいずれかで ある。助剤および添加剤 さらに、特に練り歯磨きのための適当な助剤および添加剤は、湿潤剤、例えば ソルビトールまたはグリセロール、稠度調節剤、脱臭剤、口および歯の疾患に対 抗する物質、水溶性フッ素化合物、例えばフッ化ナトリウムまたはモノフルオロ リン酸ナトリウム、および研磨剤または光沢剤である。 基本的に、これら助剤および添加剤の使用量は限定的ではなく、最終的に製造 される配合物の性質によって決定される。通常、これらは糖界面活性剤粉末を基 準に5〜70重量%の量で、好ましくは10〜50重量%の量で使用される。 商業上の応用 本発明の方法によって得ることができる糖界面活性剤粉末は、10重量%未満 、好ましくは5重量%未満、さらに好ましくは1重量%未満の水を含有する。こ れらは、優れた流れ特性を持ち、非粘着性であり、水に容易に溶解し、そして、 優れた臭気および味覚特性によって区別される。 従って、本発明は、表面活性な、好ましくは化粧用の配合物、例えば練り歯磨 きまたは合成石鹸などを製造するためにこれらを使用することに関する。これら は、配合物を基準に0.5〜50重量%の量で、好ましくは1〜10重量%の量 で存在していてよい。 以下に挙げる実施例は本発明を説明するためのものであり、いかなる意味にお いても本発明を限定するものではない。 実施例 I.水を含む糖界面活性剤の過熱蒸気による乾燥 Z1)C12/16ココヤシアルキルオリゴグルコシド[DP=1.33、プランタレ seldorf,FRG);固体含有量50重量%、活性物質45重量%、遊離の脂肪アル コール1.2重量%およびギ酸ナトリウム0.4重量%] Z2)C12/14ココヤシ脂肪酸-N-メチルグルカミド[固体含有量50重量%] 実施例1〜10および比較例C1〜C3 一般的方法:ニロ・アトマイザー(NIRO ATOMIZER)噴霧乾燥塔において、糖界 面活性剤ペーストZ1またはZ2および所望により支持体の混合物を、744m バールの減圧下に過熱蒸気によって乾燥および脱臭した。この目的のために、糖 界面活性剤と支持体の水性スラリーを、下方から噴霧乾燥塔中に噴霧した(噴出 原理)。過熱蒸気(180〜200℃)は、液体とは逆流させて上から乾燥塔中に 導入し、塔円錐部の下方に排出させた(130℃)。パウダリング原料は、所望に より噴霧乾燥塔のカバーのすぐ下に連続的に導入した。パウダリング原料は蒸気 によって噴霧乾燥塔中に均一に分布し、実質的に全ての粒子をパウダリングする ことができた。この粉末を、廃蒸気パイプの下の二重振子型バルブから排出させ た。その他のプロセスデータを表1に挙げる。 乾燥機中の滞留時間は約10秒であった。凝縮の後、蒸気が取込んだ不純物を 、2相分離器において、またはマイクロ濾過もしくは限外濾過によって、凝縮水 から分離することができた。この試験結果を、表2に挙げる(パーセント表示は 重量%である)。 比較例C4 70重量%のプランタレン(PlantarenR)APG 1200 CS UPおよび3 0重量%のナトリウム水ガラスN55の混合物を、回転エバポレーター中で除水 した。 比較例C5 70重量%のプランタレンAPG 1200 CS UPおよび30重量%のナ トリウム水ガラスN55の混合物を、薄層エバポレーター中で除水した。 比較例C6 70重量%のC12/14ココヤシ脂肪酸-N-メチルグルカミドおよび30重量% のナトリウム水ガラスN55の混合物を、回転エバポレーター中で除水した。 練り歯磨きにおける使用:本発明の実施例3〜5、9および10ならびに比較 例C4〜C6の水不含の生成物(「界面活性剤」)を、以下の標準的な練り歯磨き 配合物に導入した(水を100重量%になるまで): 21.0g 沈澱シリカ[シデント(SidentR)12DS] 1.0g 増粘化ゲルシリカ[シロブランク(SyloblancR)34] 1.2g カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム 0.1g サッカリンナトリウム塩 0.1g 安息香酸ナトリウム塩 1.0g 口腔衛生香油1/074568[ドラゴコ(Dragoco)] 15.0g ソルビトール(水中70重量%) 25.0g グリセロール(水中86重量%) 0.2g フッ化ナトリウム 2.0g 界面活性剤 以下の基準を用いて5人の別々の試験官により、歯の清浄後の味覚を評価した (表3を参照): ++=芳香が優勢であり、第2の味覚はない +=わずかな第2の味覚 −=強い第2の味覚 AT=後味 生成物の流れ特性を、以下の基準に従って主観的に評価した(表3): +++=極めて良好な流れ特性、粒子の粘着はない ++=良好な流れ特性、粒子のわずかな粘着 +=満足しうる流れ特性、中程度の粘着 −=劣った流れ特性、粒子の粘着および凝集 II.水を含む糖/陰イオン界面活性剤の過熱蒸気による乾燥 実施例11〜21 50重量%の全固体含有量を有する糖界面活性剤、陰イオン界面活性剤および 所望による支持体塩の含水調製物を、実施例1のように乾燥した。乾燥した易流 動性の非常に明るい色の生成物が得られ、これは水に非常に迅速に溶解した。こ れらの結果を表4に挙げる。 比較例C7〜C15 比較のため、獣脂アルコールスルフェートおよびココヤシアルキルオリゴグル コシドを、支持体の非存在下に過熱蒸気による乾燥に付した(C7、C8)。さら に、種々の水性調製物を、回転式エバポレーター中、既知の方法で除水した。粉 末になるまで減少させた後、黄−褐色の配合物が得られ、これらは有意に遅い溶 解速度を示した(C9〜C15)。これらの結果を表4に挙げる。 生成物の色調および溶解性 本発明の生成物および比較生成物の色調は、主観的に評価した(1=白から6 =褐色)。溶解性を測定するために、粉末形態の生成物25gを20℃で水(硬度 16°d)100ml中に入れ、15秒間撹拌し、次いで、フィルターに通した。 この残留物を一定重量になるまで乾燥し、重量測定した。使用した粉末の量に対 する残留物の量を示す。これらの詳細を表4に見ることができる(%は重量%で ある)。 これら実施例および比較例は、過熱蒸気で乾燥した糖界面活性剤と陰イオン界 面活性剤の混合物が、出発物質に対して相乗的に改善された水溶性および400 〜550g/Lの好都合に高い見掛け密度を有する生成物を導くことを示す。最 後に、得られる粉末は、通常の乾燥法と比較して、改善された水溶性および色調 を示す。 生成物の流動性および粘着性 実施例11のように、80:20の重量比の糖界面活性剤または非イオンおよ び陰イオン界面活性剤の種々の混合物を過熱蒸気で乾燥し、それらの流れ特性( R)および粘着性(T)を尺度1(非常に良好な流れ特性または乾燥)〜6(凝集また は非常に粘着性)で評価した。さらに、粉末の見掛け密度(AD)を測定した。過 熱蒸気で乾燥したナトリウム水ガラスを支持体として用いた(乾燥原料を基準に 10重量%)。これらの結果を表5に挙げる。 これら実施例および比較例は、本発明に従って、より高い見掛け密度ならびに 改善された流れ特性および減少した粘着性を有する粉末が得られることを示す。Detailed Description of the Invention Method for producing anhydrous and fluid sugar tenside powder Field of the invention The present invention relates to alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides and / or Is a fatty acid-N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkylamide at a temperature of 100 to 225 ° C. Production of water-free, free-flowing sugar surfactant powder consisting of treatment with hot steam The invention relates to a method and the use of this material in the preparation of surface-active formulations. Conventional technology Alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides, preferably alkyl groups Rigoglucoside is a non-ionic surfactant based on renewable raw materials, which Because of their excellent action properties and their particular ecotoxicological compatibility, they It is gaining importance in the production of compound. The same applies to another group of sugar surfactants, namely Fatty acid-N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkylamide, more specifically fatty acid- This is true for N-alkylglucamide. The market areas where these two types of sugar surfactants are considered to be particularly suitable are The field of hygiene and tooth protection formulations. For example, international patent application WO 91/020 46 [Henkel] is a silica and alkyl oligos suitable for the production of toothpastes. A powder form preparation containing rucoside is described. International patent application WO91 / 025 13 [Henkel] is an antimicrobial substance biguanide, trihydrated aluminum oxide as polishing material , And dental pulp containing, for example, an alkyl oligoglucoside as a surfactant component A toothpaste for suppression is described. Furthermore, German patent application DE-A 1 41 01 5 05 [Henkel] is alkyl ether sulfate and alkyl oligoglucosyl An oral hygiene and tooth protection preparation containing a mixture of ingredients is described. Finally, Japanese patent application JP 1 / 068,312 [Shiseido] is calcium hydrogen phosphate, glycerol A good starting material containing carboxymethyl cellulose and undecyl glucoside A toothpaste with foam properties is described. Despite this prior art, alkyl oligoglucosides or fatty acid-N-amino acids Tooth protection formulations containing ruquil glucamide have hitherto been available on the market I couldn't. There are several reasons for this. 1. From its manufacture, alkyl oligoglucosides are usually removed by distillation. It contains about 1-2% by weight of free fatty alcohol which cannot be obtained. However, In toothpaste, this very low content leads to unacceptable taste deterioration. 2. Both alkyl oligoglucosides and fatty acid-N-alkyl glucamides Containing about 0.5% by weight of formic acid or formic acid ester / salt by peroxide bleaching treatment. I may have. This content is quite safe physiologically, but here it is Also has a significant effect on the taste of the product. 3. To prepare a toothpaste, a sugar surfactant, in a water-free form, Or at least in a highly dehydrated form, preferably as a powder No. However, alkyl oligoglucosides and fatty acid-N-alkyl glucamic Both of them cannot be obtained in water-free form by conventional industrial methods. The reason for this is that the sensitive sugar residues are more susceptible to thin layer evaporators under spray drying conditions. This is because even at (heat is transferred from the hot metal wall), carbonization is severe. 4. In principle, drying of water-containing sugar surfactant by superheated steam in the presence of inorganic salt [DE-A1 40 30 688, WO 93/15813 (Henkel)]. But partially Carbonization and caking on the walls of the tower, despite other careful drying steps Instead, it occurs at the normal temperature of about 300 ° C. mentioned in these two references. further, The methods described therein are for drying anionic surfactants with superheated steam. It is only explained by the above example. 5. Another problem is that the sugar surfactant powder dried by the usual method As an additional component, for example, an alkyl sulfate type anionic surfactant is contained. However, when the sugar surfactant powder has an inappropriately low apparent density, It is not sufficiently soluble. Therefore, the problem to which the present invention is directed is to provide a solid, water-free solution without the above-mentioned disadvantages. It was to provide a method for producing a sugar surfactant in a form. Description of the invention The present invention is a method for producing a water-free free-flowing sugar surfactant powder, (a1) alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycoside and / or (a2) Fatty acid-N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkylamide An aqueous preparation containing 100 to 225 ° C., preferably 150 to 200 ° C. Method involving treating with superheated steam at different temperatures to obtain dried material . Surprisingly, water-free sugar surface activity obtainable by the method of the invention The agent powder (containing sugar surfactant and optionally anionic surfactant) is surprising Not only does it show good flow properties and color quality, but it also dissolves particularly easily in water I found a thing. Free fats that can adversely affect the taste and odor properties of the product Fatty alcohol, formic acid and its salts are almost completely removed with water, Or, at least from the point of view of application, its concentration is such that it is no longer a problem. Decrease. That is, the present invention does not transfer heat by contact with hot metal walls. For sugar surfactants and mixtures of sugar surfactants and anionic surfactants. It is the first to offer a dry method. The present invention does not cause carbonization products or any caking, but is non-stick dry. The drying temperature must be lowered to such an extent that a dry, free flowing powder is obtained. At the same time, the observation that it is particularly advantageous to use a special silicate support is included. Including. The sugar surfactant powder obtainable by the method of the present invention is greatly improved. It is further distinguished by its odor and taste characteristics.Alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides Alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides correspond to formula (I) below Do: R1O- [G]p (I) [Where R1Is an alkyl and / or alkeny containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms Is a sugar group, G is a sugar unit containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms, and p is 1-1. It is a number of 0]. These are known substances that can be obtained by the methods of related manufacturing organic chemistry . As a representative example of the detailed literature available for this subject, EP-A 1 0 301 298 and List W090 / 03977. The alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides contain 5 or 6 Derived from an aldose or ketose containing carbon atoms, preferably glucose be able to. Ie preferred alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycos Sides are alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglucosides. The index p in the general formula (I) is an oligomer degree (DP degree), that is, mono and It shows the distribution of lycoglycoside and is a number from 1 to 10. P of a compound is always an integer Must be, and in particular will take values from 1 to 6, The coside value p is a quantity determined and calculated by analysis, usually a fraction. Alkyl and / or alkenyl having an average degree of oligomer p of 1.1 to 3.0 Preference is given to using oligoglycosides. Less than 1.7, more specifically 1.2 to 1 Alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosyl having an oligomer degree of 0.4 Is preferred from an application point of view. Alkyl or alkenyl group R1Is 6 to 11, preferably 8 to 10 charcoal It can be derived from primary alcohols containing elementary atoms. Butano is a typical example. , Capron alcohol, capryl alcohol, caprin alcohol and cormorant Undecyl alcohol and hydrogenation of, for example, industrial fatty acid methyl esters. Obtained in Hydrogenation of Aldehydes from the Oxo Synthesis of Orelen It is an industrial mixture of the above alcohols. Industrial C by distillation8~ C18Coconut oil 6% by weight as an impurity, obtained as the first effluent in the separation of fatty alcohols Less than C12May contain alcohol C8~ CTenAlkyl having a chain length of Oligoglucoside (DP = 1 to 3), and industrial C9/11Based on oxo alcohol Alkyl oligoglucosides (DP = 1 to 3) are preferred. Further, an alkyl or alkenyl group R1Is 12 to 22, preferably 12 It can also be derived from primary alcohols containing -14 carbon atoms. Typical Examples are lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmi Trail alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, ole Il alcohol, elaidil alcohol, petroserinyl alcohol, aralkyl Alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol , And with an industrial mixture of these alcohols obtainable as described above is there. Hydrogenated C with DP of 1-312/14Based on coconut oil fatty alcohol Alkyl oligoglucosides are preferred.Fatty acid N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkylamide The fatty acid N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkyl amide corresponds to the following formula (II) RU: [Where R2CO is an aliphatic acyl group containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms, RThree Is hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms Yes, [Z] contains 3 to 12 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups Is a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl group]. This fatty acid N-alkylpolyhydroxyalkylamide is usually a reducing sugar And reductive amination with ammonia, alkylamines or alkanolamines And subsequent acylation with fatty acids, fatty acid alkyl esters or fatty acid chlorides It is a known compound that can be obtained by chemical reaction. These manufacturing methods are 5,424, US2,016,962 and US2,703,798 and international patent application WO92 / 06984 It is described in. An overview of this subject by H. Kelkenberg is Te ns.Surf.Det.twenty five, 8 (1988). This fatty acid N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkyl amide contains 5 or 6 charcoals. It is preferable to derive from a reducing sugar containing an elementary atom, more specifically glucose. . That is, a preferred fatty acid N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkylamide is represented by the following formula ( A fatty acid N-alkylglucamide corresponding to III): Preferred fatty acid N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkyl amides are RThreeIs hydrogen Is an amine group, R2CO is caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, laurin Acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, isostere Allic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, petroselinic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid Acid, arachidic acid, gadoleic acid, behenic acid or erucic acid or their industry It is a glucamide corresponding to formula (III) which is the acyl component of the working mixture. Methylami Reductive amination of glucose with glucose followed by lauric acid or C12/14Here Fatty acid N- obtained by acylation with coconut oil fatty acid or corresponding derivative Alkyl glucamide (III) is particularly preferred. In addition, this polyhydroxy alk The luamide can also be derived from maltose and palatinose.Anionic surfactant In one particular embodiment of the method of the present invention, in addition to the sugar surfactant, an anion is added. The aqueous preparation containing the surfactant is dried. Such an anionic surfactant Typical examples of alkylbenzene sulfonate, alkane sulfonate, olefin Sulfonate, alkyl ether sulfonate, glycerol ether sulfo Nate, α-methyl ester sulfonate, sulfo fatty acid, alkyl and / or Or alkenyl sulfate, fatty alcohol ether sulfate, glycero Ether sulfate, hydroxy mixed ether sulfate, monoglycer Lido (ether) sulfate, fatty acid amide (ether) sulfate, mono and And dialkyl sulfosuccinates, mono and dialkyl sulfosuccinamates , Sulfotriglyceride, amide soap, ethercarboxylic acid and its salts, fat acid Isethionate, fatty acid sarcosinate, fatty acid tauride, acyl lactylate , Acyl glutamate, acyl tartrate, alkyl oligo glucoside sulf And protein fatty acid condensates (more specifically, products based on plant soybeans) and And alkyl (ether) phosphates. Anionic surfactant is polyglycol If they contain ether chains, they have the usual homolog distribution Good, but preferably has a narrow homolog distribution.Alkyl and / or alkenyl sulphate In one preferred embodiment of the invention, in addition to the sugar surfactant, an anionic interface is used. Aqueous preparation containing alkyl and / or alkenyl sulphate as activator Dry the product. Alkyl and / or alkenyl sulfates have the formula The sulfation product of the primary alcohol corresponding to (IV): RFourO-SOThreeX (IV) [Where RFourIs a straight chain containing 6 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms. Or a branched aliphatic alkyl and / or alkenyl group, and X is an alkali Metal and / or alkaline earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, Alkanol ammonium or glucoammonium]. Representative examples of alkyl sulfates that may be used for the present invention are capronal Cole, capryl alcohol, caprin alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol Alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmi Trail alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, ole Il alcohol, elaidil alcohol, petroserinyl alcohol, aralkyl Alcohol, Gadreyl Alcohol, Behenyl Alcohol and Elsil Arco As well as aldehydes from the Roelen oxo synthesis or industrial products. Industrial mixture of the above alcohols obtained by high pressure hydrogenation of the chill ester fraction Is a sulfated product of. These sulphated products consist of alkali metal salts and Physically it can be conveniently used in the form of its sodium salt. Particularly preferred alkyl sulfates corresponding to formula (IV) are: ・ RFourIs an alkyl group containing 16 to 18 carbon atoms and X is sodium Is; or ・ RFourIs an alkyl group containing 12 to 18 carbon atoms and X is sodium And one of the alkyl groups containing 16 to 18 carbon atoms and the other 12 to The ratio of alkyl groups containing 14 carbon atoms is 50:50 to 90:10 parts by weight. is there. A typical example is C16/18Tallow alcohol sulfate sodium salt, or C16/18Tallow Alcohol Sulfate Sodium Salt and C12/14Coco fat arco Of sodium sulfate sulfate in a weight ratio of 60:40 or 80:20 Things.Aqueous preparation In the present invention, an anionic surfactant is further contained in addition to the above sugar surfactant. Aqueous preparations which may have are 5 to 70% by weight, preferably 40 to 60% by weight It is understood to be a solution or paste with a solid content of. Formic acid or formate / S Taking into consideration the removal of tellurium, this preparation was prepared at a pH value of 6 to 11, preferably 6.5 to 11. It has been found to be particularly advantageous to use at a pH value of 9. For example, citric acid is pH Suitable for adjusting.Alkali metal and / or alkaline earth metal silicate The formation of solid surfactant particles during treatment with steam is due to the presence of crystallization nuclei. Promoted. For example, inorganic and / or organic salts are suitable for this purpose. I Scarecrow, free-flowing, non-sticky, dry and easily soluble in water As far as the production of the powder to be solved is concerned, the choice of support from a number of essentially suitable substances Is important. Alkali metal and / or alkaline earth metal silicates are It has been found to give a powder with the required properties. That is, water glass, more specifically, a certain "coefficient" [that is, 0.5 to 5, more specifically Of 1 to 3.5 (SiO2) And (M2So called "overdried" with the ratio O) Water glass is used as a support. Using sodium water glass with a coefficient of about 2 Preferably. This overdried water glass is a normal water glass dried with superheated steam. It can be prepared by drying or in situ during the drying of the aqueous preparation. Wear. Typical examples are two products from Henkel KgaA, Dusseldorf, FRG. , "Natrium-Wasserglass N50 / 55 (coefficient 2.0) "and" Sodium-Watergrass N37 / 40 (coefficient 3.45) " Nara `` OptigelR) SH ”. Alkali metal and / or alkaline earth metal silicates are solids of the resulting powder. It may be used in an amount of 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably 15 to 30% by weight, based on the body weight. Used in an amount of% by volume.Support Alkali metal silicates are preferably used as supports, but these are not It can be easily mixed with ingredients such as inorganic or organic salts. Typical examples of inorganic salts , Alkali metal and / or alkaline earth metal oxides, sulfates, carbonates, charcoal Oxyhydrogen salts, phosphates, pyrophosphates, silicates and halides. Especially Preferred supports are sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, phosphoric acid Sodium, calcium pyrophosphate, sodium chloride, layered silicate, zeoli , Hydrotalcite and magnesium oxide. Over 99.8% by weight of SiO2Highly disperse silica with content (water glass type auxiliaries (Should not be confused with) was found to be a particularly suitable co-support. Elogi Aerosil has a diameter of 10 to 20 nm and an inner surface of 100 to 400 m2/ G amorphous It consists of spherical particles. Aerosil has SiOOH groups on its surface, which Structures are formed because they are attached to each other by relatively weak hydrogen bridge bonds. Aerosil is a commercial product of Degussa AG, Hanau, FRG. these le-Fette-Wachse)94, 849 (1968). Typical examples of organic salts include alkali metal and / or alkaline earth metal soaps. More specifically, sodium acetate, magnesium stearate and stearic acid Calcium. Polysaccharides, such as natural and / or chemically modified acid-degradable Starch) starch is also suitable as an organic support. This corn de Bung is advantageous as long as it raises the gelatinization temperature of the powder. The above co-support is 1 to 25% by weight, preferably 5 to 15% by weight of the total support material. It may constitute by weight.Steam treatment In the method of the present invention, nonionic surfactants and salts and optionally supports. The aqueous carrier preparation is treated with superheated steam in the absence of atmospheric oxygen. This new industry The principle of the method is based on the applicant's German patent application DE-A1 40 30 688, DE-A1 4 2 04 035, DE-A1 42 40 090, DE-A1 42 06 050, DE-A1 42 06 495 and And DE-A 1 42 06 521. This method should condense and dry superheated steam in relatively cold starting materials. The release of the heat of condensation to the substance causes the droplet of water to reach the boiling temperature of water under its operating conditions. That is, it is based on the principle of spontaneous heating to a temperature of about 100 ° C under normal pressure. . This boiling temperature is maintained as the lowest temperature in the droplet of material over the entire residence time. Carry. Vapor-volatile impurities such as fatty alcohols or formic acid (these are excess Significant equipment costs when operating under extreme conditions and under normal conditions. It can only be removed in this manner) in this way with the aqueous phase, quickly and completely and with cotton. Densely removed. In one preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, the aqueous preparation is 150-225. Spray in a closed system with superheated steam at temperatures in the range of ° C and dissolve condensed water in it The useful substances that have been removed together with the (From the circuit). Basically, this method is carried out in a closed system with a circulating steam flow, where Evaporated water is removed from the material and the energy released is returned to the circulating stream. Through In conventional processes, operating at relatively high temperatures always involves partial carbonization of the material to be purified. However, the absence of atmospheric oxygen is preferable, especially at 150 to 225 ° C. Immediately an operating temperature of 170-200 ° C. is immediately possible. Separates dissolved impurities After that, the extracted steam may be conveniently diverted to another application as process steam. it can.Powdering In one particularly preferred embodiment of the process according to the invention, all residual residues still present To ensure that stickiness is eliminated, use the above-mentioned dried useful material in a suitable particulate solid. Have particularly favorable flow characteristics by being treated ("powdering") with A sugar surfactant powder can be obtained. Solids suitable for this purpose are basically steamed. Already mentioned as a suitable support for air treatment or used in surface-active formulations Substance. Typical examples are, for example, silicates, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate. , Salts of sodium phosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, calcium stearate, etc. , And silica (aerosil) with a particularly large internal surface. Powderin For the purposes of these preparations, these solids comprise 0.1-5% by weight, based on the sugar surfactant powder. It is customary to use in amounts, preferably in amounts of 0.5 to 1% by weight. Powdering can be performed as a subsequent step. But the powder uniform In the spray-drying tower, ensuring discharge and ensuring avoiding caking on the walls of the spray-drying tower It is preferable to carry out. In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, powdering ingredients The material is introduced into the head of the spray drying tower. In this regard, supports for powdering It is particularly preferred to use quality. In this case, the amount of powdering raw material is It is preferred to make up about 30% of the amount and, if very preferred, the dryness obtained. It is about 30% by weight, based on the substance. This powdering process is especially effective for sugars in powder. It is advantageous when the content of surfactants exceeds 50% by weight. Big chunks of powder It may form during the ring process, but collapses rapidly due to cooling and mechanical movement. Break.Surfactant Where appropriate, the auxiliaries and additives necessary for the subsequent finishing can be applied to the subsequent processes. It can be added to the sugar surfactant powder. But these are the proper thermal stability When these properties are retained, these constituents are steam treated together with the sugar surfactant. Can make sense. These auxiliaries and additives include in particular other surfactants. Non-ionic world Typical examples of surface-active agents are fatty alcohol polyglycol ether, alkylpheno Polyglycol ether, fatty acid polyglycol ester, fatty acid amide Liglycol ether, fatty amine polyglycol ether, alkoxylated Liglyceride, polyol fatty acid ester, sugar ester, sorbitan ester And polysorbate. These nonionic surfactants are polyglycol ethers. When they contain a chain, they may have the usual homolog distribution, It is preferred to have a narrow range of homolog distributions. Representative examples of cationic surfactants are quaternary ammonium compounds and quaternized Di fatty acid trialkanol amine ester. Typical examples of amphoteric surfactants are , Alkylbetaine, alkylamidobetaine, aminopropionate, amino Glycinate, imidazolinium betaine and sulfobetaine. The surfactants listed above are all known compounds. For their construction and manufacture More details about this can be found in the relevant overview. For example, J. Falbe Ed., "Surfactants in Consumer Products," Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1987, 5 Pages 4-124 or Farbe, "Catalysts, Tensides and Mineral Oil Additives", Thieme Verlag) Stuttgart, 1978, pp. 123-217.Fragrance Finally, other suitable auxiliaries and additives are flavoring agents such as peppermint oil, Spearmint oil, anise oil, Japanese anise oil, caraway oil, eucalyptus oil, Fennel oil, cinnamon oil, nettle oil, geranium oil, sage oil, Pimento oil , Thyme oil, Majorana oil, basil oil, citrus oil, goaleria oil, or this One or more isolated or synthesized components of rapeseed oil, eg menthol, carbo , Anethole, cineole, eugenol, cinnamaldehyde, caryophyll Len, geraniol, citronellol, linalool, salben, thymol, tell Such as pinene, terpinol, methylcavicol and methyl salicylate. Other suitable perfumes are, for example, methyl acetate, vanillin, ionone, linalyl acetate, Rosinol and piperiton. Suitable sweeteners include natural sugars such as sucrose. Source Lactose, lactose and fructose, or synthetic sweeteners such as saccharine With either sodium phosphate, sodium cyclamate or aspartame is there.Auxiliaries and additives In addition, suitable auxiliaries and additives, especially for toothpastes, include wetting agents, such as Suitable for sorbitol or glycerol, consistency regulators, deodorants, mouth and tooth disorders Substances to resist, water-soluble fluorine compounds, such as sodium fluoride or monofluoro Sodium phosphate, and an abrasive or brightener. Basically, the amount of these auxiliaries and additives used is not limited, and the final production It is determined by the nature of the formulation being made. Usually these are based on sugar surfactant powders. It is used in an amount of from 5 to 70% by weight, preferably from 10 to 50% by weight. Commercial applications The sugar surfactant powder obtainable by the method of the present invention is less than 10% by weight. Preferably less than 5% by weight and more preferably less than 1% by weight water. This They have excellent flow properties, are non-sticky, dissolve easily in water, and Distinguished by excellent odor and taste characteristics. The present invention therefore relates to surface-active, preferably cosmetic formulations, such as toothpastes. Or using them to make synthetic soaps and the like. these Is in an amount of 0.5 to 50% by weight, preferably 1 to 10% by weight, based on the formulation. May exist in. The following examples are provided to illustrate the present invention and in any sense. However, this does not limit the present invention. Example I.Drying of sugar surfactant containing water by superheated steam Z1) C12/16Coco palm alkyl oligoglucoside [DP = 1.33, plant sauce seldorf, FRG); solids content 50% by weight, active substance 45% by weight, free fatty alcohol Cole 1.2% by weight and sodium formate 0.4% by weight] Z2) C12/14Coconut fatty acid-N-methylglucamide [solid content 50% by weight] Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples C1-C3 General method: In the spray drying tower of NIRO ATOMIZER, the sugar world A mixture of the surface-active agent paste Z1 or Z2 and, if desired, the support, It was dried and deodorized by superheated steam under a reduced pressure of bar. For this purpose, sugar An aqueous slurry of surfactant and support was sprayed from below into a spray-drying tower (jetting). principle). Superheated steam (180-200 ° C) flows backward from the liquid into the drying tower from above. It was introduced and discharged below the cone of the tower (130 ° C). Powdering raw materials as desired It was continuously introduced just below the cover of the spray-drying tower. Steam for powdering Evenly distributed in the spray-drying tower by powdering virtually all particles I was able to. Discharge this powder through a double pendulum valve under the waste steam pipe. Was. Other process data are listed in Table 1. The residence time in the dryer was about 10 seconds. After condensation, the impurities taken up by the vapor Condensed water in a two-phase separator or by microfiltration or ultrafiltration Could be separated from. The test results are listed in Table 2 (percentage display is % By weight). Comparative Example C4 70% by weight PlantarenR) APG 1200 CS UP and 3 Dewatering a mixture of 0 wt% sodium water glass N55 in a rotary evaporator. did. Comparative Example C5 70% by weight plantarene APG 1200 CS UP and 30% by weight Na The mixture of thorium water glass N55 was dewatered in a thin layer evaporator. Comparative Example C6 70 wt% C12/14Coconut fatty acid-N-methylglucamide and 30% by weight The mixture of sodium water glass N55 of 1. was removed in a rotary evaporator. Use in toothpaste: Examples 3-5, 9 and 10 of the invention and comparison The water-free products of Examples C4 to C6 ("surfactants") were prepared according to the following standard toothpaste: Introduced into the formulation (until 100% by weight of water): 21.0 g precipitated silica [SidentR) 12DS] 1.0g Thickened gel silica [SyloblancR) 34] 1.2g sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 0.1 g saccharin sodium salt 0.1 g benzoic acid sodium salt 1.0g Oral Hygiene Balm 1/074568 [Dragoco] 15.0 g sorbitol (70% by weight in water) 25.0 g glycerol (86% by weight in water) 0.2g sodium fluoride 2.0g surfactant Post-cleansing taste evaluation of teeth by 5 separate examiners using the following criteria: (See Table 3): ++ = Aroma is dominant and there is no second taste + = Slight second taste -= Strong second taste AT = aftertaste The flow properties of the product were subjectively evaluated according to the following criteria (Table 3): +++ = Very good flow characteristics, no particle sticking ++ = good flow characteristics, slight sticking of particles + = Satisfactory flow characteristics, moderate adhesion -= Poor flow properties, particle sticking and agglomeration II.Drying sugar / anionic surfactant containing water by superheated steam Examples 11 to 21 Sugar surfactants having a total solids content of 50% by weight, anionic surfactants and A hydrous preparation of the optional support salt was dried as in Example 1. Dry easy flow A very light colored product with kinetics was obtained which dissolved very quickly in water. This The results are listed in Table 4. Comparative Examples C7 to C15 For comparison, tallow alcohol sulfate and coco alkyl oligoglycol Cosides were subjected to superheated steam drying in the absence of a support (C7, C8). Further In addition, various aqueous preparations were dewatered by known methods in a rotary evaporator. powder After reduction to the end, yellow-brown formulations are obtained, which are significantly slower to dissolve. The solution rate was shown (C9 to C15). These results are listed in Table 4. Product color and solubility The shades of the products of the invention and of the comparative product were subjectively evaluated (1 = white to 6). = Brown). To measure the solubility, 25 g of the product in powder form at 20 ° C. in water (hardness Place in 100 ml of 16 ° d), stir for 15 seconds, then filter. The residue was dried to constant weight and weighed. Depending on the amount of powder used The amount of the residual substance is shown. These details can be found in Table 4 (% in wt% is there). These examples and comparative examples are based on superheated steam-dried sugar surfactant and anionic binder. The mixture of surface-active agents has a synergistically improved water solubility and 400 It is shown to lead to a product with a conveniently high apparent density of ˜550 g / L. Most Later, the resulting powder has improved water solubility and color tone compared to conventional drying methods. Is shown. Product fluidity and stickiness As in Example 11, an 80:20 weight ratio of sugar surfactant or nonionic and And various anionic surfactants were dried with superheated steam and their flow characteristics ( R) and tack (T) on a scale of 1 (very good flow properties or dry) to 6 (cohesive or Is very sticky). Further, the apparent density (AD) of the powder was measured. Excessive Sodium water glass dried with hot steam was used as the support (based on dry material 10% by weight). These results are listed in Table 5. These examples and comparative examples are in accordance with the invention a higher apparent density and It is shown that a powder with improved flow properties and reduced stickiness is obtained.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 FI C11D 11/02 9546−4H C11D 11/02 // A61K 7/16 9360−4C A61K 7/16 (81)指定国 EP(AT,BE,CH,DE, DK,ES,FR,GB,GR,IE,IT,LU,M C,NL,PT,SE),CA,CN,JP,KR,U S (72)発明者 ブライツケ、ヴィリ ドイツ連邦共和国 デー―40589 デュッ セルドルフ、アム・ファルダー 131番 (72)発明者 ザイペル、ヴェルナー ドイツ連邦共和国 デー―40723 ヒルデ ン、ホーフシュトラアセ 29番 (72)発明者 テスマン、ホルガー ドイツ連邦共和国 デー―41363 ユーヘ ン、ウンター・デン・リンデン 23番 (72)発明者 シュミット、カール−ハインツ ドイツ連邦共和国 デー―40789 モンハ イム、シュティフターシュトラアセ 10番 (72)発明者 ファブリー、ベルント ドイツ連邦共和国 デー―41352 コルシ ュエンブロイッヒ、ダンツィガー・シュト ラアセ 31番─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code Internal reference number FI C11D 11/02 9546-4H C11D 11/02 // A61K 7/16 9360-4C A61K 7/16 (81) designation Country EP (AT, BE, CH, DE, DK, ES, FR, GB, GR, IE, IT, LU, MC, NL, PT, SE), CA, CN, JP, KR, US (72) Inventor Breitzke, Villi Germany Day-40589 Düsseldorf, Am Falder 131 (72) Inventor Zypel, Werner Germany Day-40723 Hilden, Hofstraße 29 (72) Inventor Tessmann, Holger Germany Federal Republic Day 41363 Eugen, Unter den Linden 23 (72) Inventor Schmidt , Karl-Heinz Germany Day-40789 Monheim, Stifter Straße No. 10 (72) Inventor Fabry, Bernd Germany Day-41352 Korsüembroich, Danziger Straasse No. 31
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE4340015A DE4340015C2 (en) | 1993-11-24 | 1993-11-24 | Process for the production of anhydrous, free-flowing sugar surfactant powder and their use |
DE4431157.5 | 1994-09-01 | ||
DE4431157 | 1994-09-01 | ||
DE4340015.9 | 1994-09-01 | ||
PCT/EP1994/003855 WO1995014519A1 (en) | 1993-11-24 | 1994-11-22 | Process for producing anhydrous pourable sugar tenside powders |
Publications (1)
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JPH09505621A true JPH09505621A (en) | 1997-06-03 |
Family
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JP7514826A Pending JPH09505621A (en) | 1993-11-24 | 1994-11-22 | Method for producing anhydrous and fluid sugar tenside powder |
Country Status (5)
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EP (1) | EP0730484A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH09505621A (en) |
KR (1) | KR960705608A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1135724A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995014519A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
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DE19524464C2 (en) * | 1995-07-10 | 2000-08-24 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Process for the production of sugar surfactant granules |
DE19533539A1 (en) * | 1995-09-11 | 1997-03-13 | Henkel Kgaa | O / W emulsifiers |
DE19534371C1 (en) * | 1995-09-15 | 1997-02-20 | Henkel Kgaa | Process for the production of water and dust-free sugar surfactant granules |
DE19548068C1 (en) * | 1995-12-21 | 1997-06-19 | Henkel Kgaa | Process for the production of light colored, low viscosity surfactant concentrates |
DE19710153C1 (en) | 1997-03-12 | 1998-02-12 | Henkel Kgaa | Neutral sugar surfactant granulation from e.g. alkyl oligo:glycoside |
DE19961333B4 (en) * | 1999-12-17 | 2006-12-14 | Henkel Kgaa | Process for the preparation of sugar surfactant granules |
DE10018812A1 (en) | 2000-04-15 | 2001-10-25 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Nonionic surfactant granulate, used in surfactant, cosmetic or pharmaceutical formulation or laundry or other detergent, is obtained by granulating and simultaneously drying aqueous surfactant paste in presence of organic polymeric carrier |
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DE4030688A1 (en) * | 1990-09-28 | 1992-04-02 | Henkel Kgaa | PROCESS FOR SPRUE DRYING OF MATERIALS AND MATERIAL MIXTURES USING OVERHEATED WATER VAPOR |
DE4234376A1 (en) * | 1992-10-12 | 1994-04-14 | Henkel Kgaa | Recyclables and mixtures of substances for wetting, washing and / or cleaning agents in a new formulation |
US5519948A (en) * | 1992-02-12 | 1996-05-28 | Henkel Corporation | Process for the production of granules suitable as wetting agents, detergents and/or cleaning products |
-
1994
- 1994-11-22 EP EP95902081A patent/EP0730484A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1994-11-22 JP JP7514826A patent/JPH09505621A/en active Pending
- 1994-11-22 CN CN94194235A patent/CN1135724A/en active Pending
- 1994-11-22 WO PCT/EP1994/003855 patent/WO1995014519A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-11-22 KR KR1019960702663A patent/KR960705608A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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EP0730484A1 (en) | 1996-09-11 |
WO1995014519A1 (en) | 1995-06-01 |
KR960705608A (en) | 1996-11-08 |
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