JPH09503702A

JPH09503702A - Contact tray with steam holes

Info

Publication number: JPH09503702A
Application number: JP8506607A
Authority: JP
Inventors: デールイーナター
Original assignee: デールイーナター
Priority date: 1994-08-01
Filing date: 1995-07-31
Publication date: 1997-04-15
Anticipated expiration: 2015-07-31
Also published as: GB9606331D0; AU3201795A; JP3586865B2; GB2297276B; GB2297276A; US5468425A; WO1996004071A1

Abstract

(57)【要約】直交流気−液接触タワーにおいて、液体は垂直方向に間隔をおいて配設された複数個のトレーを流過して水平方向に流動し、そしてトレーからトレーへ下方に移動し、気体はトレーにおける開口（１６）を通って上昇し、活性バブル領域で液体−蒸気混合物を生成する。各トレーは縁部分（７Ｍ、９Ｍ）を相互に重ね合わせたパネル（７、９）から形成されている。重ね合わされた縁部（７Ｍ、９Ｍ）には重ね合わされた蒸気開口（１６Ｍ、１７Ｍ）が形成されており、トレーの開口面積が大きくせしめられていると共に孔分布がより均一にせしめられている。好ましくは、開口の各々はトレーの平面に存在する孔（１６、１６Ｍ）を含み、かかる孔の上方にデフレクタ（１８）が配設されていて、横向きの蒸気出口スロットが規定されている。孔の上流端幅はその下流端幅よりも広く、デフレクタ（１８）の上流部及び下流部（１８ｕ、１８ｄ）は孔の上流端及び下流端の全幅に渡って存在している。 (57) [Summary] In a cross flow gas-liquid contact tower, liquid flows horizontally through a plurality of vertically spaced trays and then flows downward from tray to tray. As it moves, the gas rises through the openings (16) in the tray, creating a liquid-vapor mixture in the active bubble region. Each tray is formed from panels (7, 9) with edge portions (7M, 9M) superimposed on each other. Superposed vapor openings (16M, 17M) are formed in the superposed edges (7M, 9M), so that the tray opening area is made large and the hole distribution is made more uniform. Preferably, each of the openings comprises a hole (16, 16M) which lies in the plane of the tray, above which a deflector (18) is arranged to define a lateral vapor outlet slot. The upstream end width of the hole is wider than its downstream end width, and the upstream portion and the downstream portion (18u, 18d) of the deflector (18) exist over the entire width of the upstream end and the downstream end of the hole.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】蒸気孔を備えた接触トレー発明の背景本発明は気−液接触装置、更に詳しくは精留塔及びその他の装置で使用するための新規な直交流トレーに関する。本発明は、１９９３年６月１７日に出願され米国特許第５、３６０、５８３号として発行された米国特許出願第０８／０７７，６１３号及び１９９４年３月２３日に出願された米国特許出願第０８／２１６，２９７号の対象発明に関する。そこで、これら２件の米国特許出願の内容を本明細書に引用する。典型的な直交流トレー装置においては、開口を有する多数の水平トレーが、カラム又はタワーとして工業界で知られている垂直方向に細長く延びる密閉容器内に装着される。各トレーは複数個のパネルから形成されており、パネルの縁領域は相互に重ね合わされてボルトによって連結されている。重ね合わせ領域に存在する開口はパネル連結ボルトを受け入れる穴のみである。液体は最上部トレーの上表面に導入される。各トレーの下流端には、ダウンカマーに到る堰が存在し、ダウンカマーはその次の下側トレーにおける無孔上流領域（「ダウンカマーシール領域」）に到る。気体はタワーの下端に導入される。液体がトレーを流過する際、気体はトレーにおける開口を通って上昇して液体中に流入し、気体と液体との間の緊密且つ活発な接触が生ずるバブル領域を形成する。隣接するパネルが重ね合わされている縁領域においては、上昇蒸気のための開口が存在しない。軽質炭化水素蒸留及び直接接触熱交換の如き高液体速度システムで使用されるタワーにおいては、各トレーのレベルはダウンカマー、バブル領域及びダウンカマーシール移行領域を含む複数群の流路を有する。多くの直交流トレーは簡単なシーブトレー、即ち何百という円形穴を有するデッキである。幾つかのトレーはトレー開口に付設された弁を有し、他のトレーは固定デフレクタを有する。１９６９年８月２６日付けの米国特許第３，４６３，３４６号に図示及び説明されている後者の例において、各トレー開口はトレーデッキの平面に台形孔を備え、更に孔に整合せしめてその上に配置された静止デフレクタを備える。このデフレクタと隣接デッキ表面とは、孔を通過する蒸気をデッキ上の液体の流動方向に対して略横方向に指向せしめる横向き出口スロットを形成する。発明の要点本発明は、トレーが上流位置から下流位置まで略水平な流動方向に移動する液体本体を支持する形態の気−液接触装置の改良に関するものである。デッキには、上昇する蒸気を加圧下に液体中へ導入する孔が設けられている。本発明においては、隣接するパネルの重ね合わされた縁領域に蒸気開口が配設され、かくしてトレーにおける孔分布がより均一なものにせしめられると共に上昇する蒸気のための開口面積がパネルの重ね合わされた縁領域に孔が存在しない場合よりも大きくせしめられる。本発明は相互に連結された複数個のパネルから形成されたデッキを有する流体接触トレーに適用され得る。パネルは上昇する蒸気を加圧下にトレーの上面を流過する流体本体中へ導入するための孔を有する。第一のパネルは縁領域を有し、第二のパネルは第一のパネルの縁領域に重ね合わされて連結される縁領域を有する。本発明に従えば、第二のパネルの縁領域には複数個の孔が形成され、第一の縁領域にも複数個の孔が形成され、第一のパネルの縁領域の孔が第二のパネルの縁領域の孔に重ね合わされる。これによって、上昇する蒸気が重ね合わされた孔を通って重ね合わされた縁領域を流動することが可能になる。好ましくは、各孔は流動方向に平行な長手方向軸線を有し、各孔は、デッキの平面において、その上流端における流動方向に対して横方向の最大寸法からその下流端における流動方向に対して横方向の最小寸法まで先細形状である。孔の上方にはデフレクタが配設される。各デフレクタは上流部、中央部及び下流部を有する。上流部の各々は、付随する孔の上流端においてデッキの上方を延び且つ孔の最大横方向寸法の全体に渡って存在し、孔の全体が孔に向けて流動方向に移動する液体から遮蔽されている。下流部の各々は、その孔の下流端においてデッキの上方を延び且つ孔の横方向寸法の全体に渡って存在し、蒸気が液体を下流方向に推進するのを防止する。該デフレクタの各々とそれに隣接するデッキとは、孔を通って上昇する蒸気をデッキ上の液体の流動方向に対して略横方向に指向せしめる横向き出口スロットを規定している。出口スロットは、略０．８５インチ（２．２ｃｍ）以下の上縁と、０．３５インチ（０．９ｃｍ）以下の高さと、略１．５インチ（３．８ｃｍ）以下の下縁とを有するのが好ましい。孔の各々は、トレーデッキの平面において、その長手方向軸線に沿って計測した長さが１．５インチ（３．８ｃｍ）以下であり、上流幅が略１．０インチ（２．５ｃｍ）以下であり、下流幅が０．７５インチ（１．９ｃｍ）以下である。孔の中心は流動方向において３．０インチ（７．６ｃｍ）以下の間隔をおいて配置され、流動方向に対して横方向において２．０インチ（５．１ｃｍ）以下の間隔をおいて配置されている。本発明の好適実施形態においては付加的な特徴も採用されている。孔は長手方向に延びる列に配列されており、隣接して長手方向に延びる列の孔は千鳥状にずらされていて、１個の列の孔の長手方向位置は隣接する列の２個の孔の長手方向位置の中間である。デフレクタの中央部はデッキ上にデフレクタの上流部及び下流部によって支持されている。上流バッフル部及び下流バッフル部は傾斜せしめられおり、デッキに対して鈍角をなす。各デフレクタはデッキと一体であり、平面図において孔の夫々と幾何学的に実質上同一である。出口スロットは台形であり、その周囲にはバリが形成されている。各出口スロットは略０．３インチ平方（１．９ｃｍ²）の面積を有する。これは従来のシーブトレーにおける０．５インチ（１．３ｃｍ）円形開口の面積０．２インチ平方（１．３ｃｍ²）よりも大きい。図面の簡単な説明図１は気−液接触タワーにおける直交流トレーの全体的配置を示す簡略図。図２はダウンカマー領域、有孔活性バブル領域及び無孔ダウンカマーシール領域の概略比率を示す、図１のタワーの簡略平面図。図３は本発明に従って構成されたトレーにおける一群の開口を示す斜面図。図４は孔の形状、比率及び間隔を示す、トレーの一部の底面図。図５は第４図における断面線５−５に沿った断面図。図６はデフレクタに形成されている湾曲部及びバリを示す、図５における断面線６−６に沿った断面図。図７は本発明の好適実施例の寸法と従来技術による２種のトレーの対応寸法との比較を示す表。詳細な説明図１は、本発明に従って構成された直交流トレーの基本的概念を簡略に図示している。複数個の水平トレー２が垂直タワー４内に装着され、トレー２は垂直方向に相互に離間されている。液体は液体供給ライン６によって最上部トレーに供給される。ダウンカマー通路８は各トレーの下流端部から次の下側トレーの上流端部に至る。開口（図１には図示せず）がトレーに形成されており、気体供給ライン１０によってタワーの下端に導入された空気又はその他の気体がタワー中を上昇せしめられ、トレー開口を通過してトレー２における液体中へ流入せしめられる。タワーはその上端に蒸気出口を有し、その下端に液体出口を有する。典型的なトレーの比率が図２に示されている。各トレーは無孔の上流セグメント１２（ダウンカマーシール移行部）を有し、このセグメント１２はダウンカマー８からの液体を受入れ、この液流を開口が位置する活性領域１４（「バブリング領域」）に再指向させる。上述した如く、参照番号８はダウンカマー通路を示す。ダウンカマー通路において、液体−蒸気混合物の各成分間に解離又は分離が生ずる。分離された蒸気成分は上昇し、液体成分は次のトレーの上流端部における無孔のダウンカマーシール移行領域に供給される。タワー４が４８インチ（１．２２ｍ）の直径を有する典型的な装置において、無孔上流セグメント１２の長さＬ_Sは約８インチ（２０ｃｍ）であり、ダウンカマー８は約１０インチ（２５ｃｍ）の水平寸法Ｌ_Dを有する。デッキの活性領域１４は約３０インチ（７６ｃｍ）の長さＬ_Aを有する。この例は、慣用の直交流トレー設計の代表的なものである。図２には、４個のパネル７、９、１１、１２から形成されたトレーデッキが図示されている。中央パネル９は長手方向に延びる縁領域９Ｍを有し、かかる縁領域９Ｍが側パネル７及び１１の対応する縁領域に重ね合わされている。重ね合わせ縁領域は通常の様式によりボルトによって相互に連結されている。図３は、デッキのパネル７及び９の、ボルト１３によって相互に連結された部分を図示している。パネル９の縁領域９Ｍがパネル７の縁領域７Ｍに重ね合わされている。パネル７及び９の双方共、上方にデフィレクタ１８が配設されている複数個の孔１６を有する。図３には、隣接して長手方向に延びる複数個の列に配置され、そして各列毎に千鳥状にずらして配置されて、ある列の孔１６の長手方向位置は隣接する列の長手方向に隣接する２個の孔１６の長手方向中間である、トレーにおける孔配列が図示されている。従来の実施形態においては、重ね合わせ領域７Ｍ及び９Ｍは蒸気上昇のための孔を有していない。しかしながら、本発明に従えば、かような孔が存在する。かような孔１６Ｍはその上方に配設されたデフレクタ１８Ｍと共にパネル９の縁領域９Ｍに形成され、パネル７の縁領域７Ｍに形成されている孔１７に重ね合わされている。種々の配置が可能であるが、長手方向に引き続く２個の孔１７の間に１個のボルト穴が存在するのが好ましい。図示の孔１７は台形であるが他の形状でもよい。製作上の便宜のために、１個の孔１７に代えて隣接する２個の円形穴を形成することもできる。孔１６及び１６Ｍの各々は、上方に配設されたデフレクタ１８を有する。図５に図示する如く、各デフレクタ１８は上流部１８ｕ、中間部１８ｍ及び下流部１８ｄを有する。中間部１８ｍは略水平であり、上流部１８ｕと下流部１８ｄとは液流動方向に見て夫々上方及び下方に傾斜している。平面図において、各デフレクタ及びその孔は幾何学的に実質上同一である。デッキの平面に形成されている孔１６の寸法は図４に図示されている。その長さＬは１．５インチ（３．８ｃｍ）以下であり、その上流幅Ｗｕは略１．０インチ（２．５ｃｍ）以下であり、その下流幅Ｗｄは０．７５インチ（１．９ｃｍ）以下である。孔の中心は流動方向に間隔Ｓ_Lをおいて位置せしめられており、間隔Ｓ_L は略３．０インチ（７．６ｃｍ）以下である。流動方向に対して横方向の、隣接する孔列の中心線間の間隔Ｓ_Tは２０インチ（５．１ｃｍ）以下である。図５は、デフレクタの１個に付設されている出口スロットの形状を示す側面図である。出口スロット２２は略台形である。その下縁はトレーデッキの上面によって規定されており、その上流縁、下流縁及び上縁はデフレクタの下縁によって規定されている。その上縁の長さＬ_uは０．８５インチ（２．２ｃｍ）以下であり、その高さＨは０．３５インチ（０．９ｃｍ）以下であり、そしてその下縁の長さＬ_Lは１．５インチ（３．８ｃｍ）以下である。トレーを詳細に点検すると、製造工程によって、バッフル部１８ｕ及び１８ｄは横方向おいて上方に凸形状にせしめられ、そしてまた出口スロットの周囲にはバリが生成されている。図６は図５の線６−６に沿った断面図であり、バリ２４が図示されている。局部的乱流を増大せしめることによってトレー効率を高めて、スロット縁における蒸気と液体との間の界面接触領域を増大せしめることに加えて、上記バリ２４はトレーの滲出(weeping)性を向上せしめることにも寄与すると思われる。本発明の好適実施形態に使用されている寸法は図７に図示する表に示されている。図７において、好適実施形態はＭＶＧ型として示されている。図７に図示されている表には、Ｌ型及びＳ型として示されている２個の従来のトレーの対応する寸法も示されている。液体速度が低く蒸気速度が高い時にＬ型トレーの同伴レベルは容認し得ないものになることが、実験によって判明した。シーブトレー技術において開口を小さくすれば同伴が減少することが知られており、Ｓ型トレーの設計においては、デフレクタがない直径０．５インチ（１．３ｃｍ）の円形開口を備えた標準シーブトレーの同伴レベルと比べて好ましい同伴レベルに低減せしめることが目的とされた。Ｌ型及びＳ型トレーにおいて開口を大きくすると、工業的実施におけるファウリング（固体付着物の生成）の虞が低減される。上述したとおりであるので、本発明によれば、性能及びコストの点で優れた流体接触トレー及び装置が提供される。かような利点は上述した実施形態とは異なったトレーにおいても実現され得ることが当業者には理解されるであろう。例えば、トレーはシーブトレー又はバルブトレーでもよい。開口は任意の形状を有することができ、デフレクタ１８は省略することができる。従って、本発明は上述した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲の記載の骨子に含有される変形及び修正を含むことが理解されるべきである。Detailed Description of the Invention Contact tray with steam holesBackground of the Invention The present invention finds use in gas-liquid contactors, and more particularly in rectification towers and other equipment. To a new cross-flow tray. The present invention was filed June 17, 1993 and is US Pat. No. 5,360,583. Patent Application No. 08 / 077,613, issued as Mar. 2, 1994 It relates to the subject invention of US patent application Ser. No. 08 / 216,297 filed on the 3rd. Therefore, the contents of these two US patent applications are cited herein. In a typical cross-flow tray system, multiple horizontal trays with openings are In a vertical elongated enclosure known in the industry as a ram or tower Be attached to. Each tray is made up of multiple panels, the edge area of the panel Are stacked on top of each other and connected by bolts. Exists in overlapping area The only opening is a hole for receiving the panel connecting bolt. Liquid is in the top tray Introduced on the upper surface. At the downstream end of each tray, there is a weir leading to downcomers, The downcomer is next to the non-perforated upstream area in the lower tray ("Downcomer See Area)). Gas is introduced at the bottom of the tower. Liquid flows through the tray At this time, the gas rises through the openings in the tray and flows into the liquid, and the gas and the liquid Form a bubble region where intimate and vigorous contact between them occurs. Adjacent panels are heavy There are no openings for ascending steam in the edge regions that are mated. Light Towers used in high liquid velocity systems such as hydrocarbon distillation and direct contact heat exchange In, the level of each tray is downcomer, bubble area and downcomer Has a plurality of channels including a transfer area. Many cross-flow trays are simple sieve trays, that is, devices with hundreds of circular holes. It ’s a koki. Some trays have valves attached to the tray openings, others have It has a fixed deflector. U.S. Pat. No. 3,463, issued Aug. 26, 1969. In the latter example, shown and described in US Pat. No. 346, each tray opening is A static diff that has a trapezoidal hole in the plane of the stick and is aligned with the hole and placed on top of it. It is equipped with a rector. This deflector and the surface of the adjacent deck will deflect steam passing through the holes. There is a lateral outlet slot that can be oriented almost transversely to the direction of flow of the liquid on the stick. Form.The gist of the invention The present invention is a liquid in which a tray moves in a substantially horizontal flow direction from an upstream position to a downstream position. The present invention relates to an improvement of a gas-liquid contact device that supports a body. On the deck A hole is provided for introducing rising vapor into the liquid under pressure. In the present invention, steam openings are provided in the overlapping edge areas of adjacent panels. Thus, the distribution of holes in the tray is made more uniform and Opening area for rising vapor is free of holes in the overlapping edge areas of the panel It is bigger than it is. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a fluid having a deck formed from a plurality of interconnected panels. It can be applied to the contact tray. The panel flows the rising steam under pressure onto the top of the tray. It has a hole for introduction into the overlying fluid body. The first panel has an edge area, The second panel has an edge area that is overlaid and connected to the edge area of the first panel. You. According to the invention, a plurality of holes are formed in the edge area of the second panel, Multiple holes are also formed in the area, and the holes in the edge area of the first panel are the edges of the second panel. Overlaid with holes in the area. This creates a hole where the rising steam is superposed. It is possible to flow through the overlapping edge regions. Preferably, each hole has a longitudinal axis parallel to the flow direction and each hole is in the deck. From the maximum dimension in the horizontal direction to the flow direction at the upstream end in the plane, It is tapered to the minimum dimension in the lateral direction with respect to the flow direction at the downstream end. Above the hole A deflector is arranged on one side. Each deflector has an upstream part, a central part and a downstream part. I do. Each of the upstream portions extends above the deck at the upstream end of the associated bore and the bore Exists across the maximum lateral dimension of the hole and the entire hole moves in the flow direction towards the hole Shielded from liquid Each of the downstream sections has a deck at the downstream end of its hole. Extending above and across the lateral dimension of the hole, the vapor directs the liquid in the downstream direction. Prevent it from being promoted to. Each of the deflectors and the adjacent deck is a hole. Direct the vapor rising through the deck approximately transverse to the direction of liquid flow on the deck. To define a sideways exit slot. The exit slot has a top edge of approximately 0.85 inches (2.2 cm) or less and a 0.35 inch slot. Height of less than 0.9 inch (0.9 cm) and lower edge of less than about 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) It is preferred to have Each of the holes should be Up to 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) in length measured along the adaxial line and upstream width Is about 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) or less, and the downstream width is 0.75 inch (1.9 cm). cm) or less. The center of the hole is 3.0 inches (7.6 cm) or more in the flow direction. Spaced below and 2.0 inches (5 inches) transverse to the flow direction . They are arranged at intervals of 1 cm or less. Additional features are also employed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention. The hole is long Are arranged in rows that extend in the same direction, and the holes in the adjacent rows that extend in the longitudinal direction are not staggered. And the longitudinal position of the holes in one row is the longitudinal position of the two holes in the adjacent row. It is in the middle of the position. The center of the deflector should be on the deck upstream and below the deflector. It is supported by the flow section. The upstream baffle part and the downstream baffle part are inclined. It has an obtuse angle to the deck. Each deflector is integral with the deck and In plan view, each of the holes is geometrically substantially identical. The exit slot is trapezoidal The burrs are formed around it. Each exit slot is approximately 0.3 inches square (1.9 cm²) Has an area of. This is 0.5 in the conventional sieve tray. Pinch (1.3 cm) circular opening area 0.2 inch square (1.3 cm)²Greater than) Kii.Brief description of the drawings FIG. 1 is a simplified diagram showing the overall arrangement of cross-flow trays in a gas-liquid contact tower. Figure 2 shows the downcomer area, perforated active bubble area and non-perforated downcomer seal area. FIG. 2 is a simplified plan view of the tower of FIG. 1, showing the approximate proportions of the area. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a group of openings in a tray constructed in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 4 is a bottom view of a portion of the tray showing the shape, ratio and spacing of the holes. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along section line 5-5 in FIG. FIG. 6 is a sectional view of FIG. 5 showing a curved portion and a burr formed on the deflector. Sectional view along line 6-6. FIG. 7 shows the dimensions of the preferred embodiment of the invention and the corresponding dimensions of the two prior art trays. The table which shows the comparison of.Detailed description FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the basic concept of a cross-flow tray constructed in accordance with the present invention. ing. A plurality of horizontal trays 2 are installed in the vertical tower 4, and the trays 2 are vertically oriented. Are spaced apart from each other. The liquid is supplied to the uppermost tray by the liquid supply line 6. Be paid. The downcomer passage 8 is from the downstream end of each tray to the upstream of the next lower tray. To the end. An opening (not shown in FIG. 1) is formed in the tray to allow the gas supply The air or other gas introduced to the lower end of the tower by the in 10 flows through the tower. When it is raised, it passes through the tray opening and flows into the liquid in tray 2. It is. The tower has a vapor outlet at its upper end and a liquid outlet at its lower end. A typical tray ratio is shown in FIG. Each tray is a non-perforated upstream segment 12 (downcomer seal transition part), this segment 12 is downcomer -8 to receive liquid from the active region 14 ("bablin") in which the openings are located. Area)). As mentioned above, reference numeral 8 indicates a downcomer passage. You. In the downcomer passage, there is dissociation or separation between the components of the liquid-vapor mixture. Occurs. The separated vapor component rises and the liquid component at the upstream end of the next tray. Supplied to the non-perforated downcomer seal transition area. In a typical device where the tower 4 has a diameter of 48 inches (1.22 m), Non-perforated upstream segment 12 length L_SIs about 8 inches (20 cm) Mar 8 has a horizontal dimension L of about 10 inches (25 cm)_DHaving. Active area of the deck 14 is a length L of about 30 inches (76 cm)_AHaving. This example shows conventional cross flow It is a typical tray design. Figure 2 shows a tray deck made up of four panels 7, 9, 11 and 12. It is shown. The central panel 9 has a longitudinally extending edge region 9M, Areas 9M are superimposed on the corresponding edge areas of the side panels 7 and 11. Overlapping The edge areas are interconnected by bolts in the usual manner. FIG. 3 shows the deck panels 7 and 9 interconnected by bolts 13. Shows minutes. The edge area 9M of the panel 9 is superimposed on the edge area 7M of the panel 7. Have been. A deflector 18 is disposed above both panels 7 and 9. It has a plurality of holes 16. In FIG. 3, a plurality of adjacent rows extending in the longitudinal direction are arranged. Are arranged and staggered in each row, the longitudinal direction of the holes 16 in a row The orientation position is the longitudinal middle of two longitudinally adjacent holes 16 in adjacent rows, An array of holes in the tray is shown. In the conventional embodiment, the overlapping regions 7M and 9M are for vapor rise. It has no holes. However, according to the invention, such holes are present. Or Such a hole 16M together with a deflector 18M disposed above the hole 16M is provided on the edge of the panel 9. Is formed in the region 9M and overlaps with the hole 17 formed in the edge region 7M of the panel 7. Have been. Various arrangements are possible, but between two holes 17 which continue in the longitudinal direction Preferably there is one bolt hole. The holes 17 shown are trapezoidal, but may have other shapes. 1 for convenience of production It is also possible to form two adjacent circular holes instead of the hole 17 of FIG. Holes 16 and 1 Each of the 6M has a deflector 18 disposed above. As shown in FIG. Each deflector 18 has an upstream portion 18u, an intermediate portion 18m, and a downstream portion 18d. The intermediate portion 18m is substantially horizontal, and the upstream portion 18u and the downstream portion 18d are viewed in the liquid flow direction. Are inclined upward and downward, respectively. In plan view, each deflector and its aperture are geometrically substantially identical. De The dimensions of the holes 16 formed in the flat surface of the kick are illustrated in FIG. Its length L Is 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) or less, and its upstream width Wu is approximately 1.0 inch ( 2.5 cm) or less, and its downstream width Wd is 0.75 inch (1.9 cm) or less It is. The center of the hole has a space S in the flow direction._LAre placed at a distance of S_L Is approximately 3.0 inches (7.6 cm) or less. Adjacent, transverse to flow direction Distance S between the center lines of the row of holes_TIs 20 inches (5.1 cm) or less. FIG. 5 is a side view showing the shape of the outlet slot attached to one of the deflectors. It is. The outlet slot 22 is substantially trapezoidal. Its bottom edge is on the top of the tray deck. The upper edge, the downstream edge and the upper edge are defined by the lower edge of the deflector. It is prescribed. Length L of its upper edge_uIs less than 0.85 inch (2.2 cm) Its height H is less than 0.35 inches (0.9 cm), and its lower edge Length L_LIs less than 1.5 inches (3.8 cm). When the tray is inspected in detail, depending on the manufacturing process, the baffle parts 18u and 18d are Is laterally convex upwards and also around the exit slot. The burr has been generated. FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 of FIG. Is shown. Improve tray efficiency by increasing local turbulence , To increase the interfacial contact area between the vapor and the liquid at the slot edges. Moreover, the burr 24 also contributes to improving the weeping property of the tray. It seems to be that. The dimensions used in the preferred embodiment of the present invention are shown in the table illustrated in FIG. You. In FIG. 7, the preferred embodiment is shown as the MVG type. Illustrated in Figure 7 The table provided shows the correspondence of the two conventional trays, shown as L-type and S-type. The dimensions are also shown. The entrainment level of the L-shaped tray is unacceptable when the liquid velocity is low and the vapor velocity is high. It became clear by experiment that Small opening in sieve tray technology It is known that combing reduces the entrainment. Standard sheave with 0.5 inch (1.3 cm) diameter circular opening without a deflector The purpose is to reduce the level of entrainment to a preferable level compared to the level of entrainment of the tray. Was. Larger openings in L- and S-shaped trays will increase flexibility in industrial practice. The risk of fouling (formation of solid deposits) is reduced. As described above, according to the present invention, the excellent performance and cost are obtained. Body contact trays and devices are provided. Such an advantage is different from the above-described embodiment. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that it can also be implemented in different trays. example For example, the tray may be a sieve tray or a valve tray. The opening has any shape The deflector 18 can be omitted. Therefore, the present invention is described above. The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, but is included in the skeleton of the claims. It is to be understood that it includes variations and modifications that are made.

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Claims

[Claims] 1. A plurality of panels which are fluid contact trays for supporting a liquid body that flows in a substantially horizontal flow direction from an upstream position to a downstream position and have holes for introducing rising vapor into the liquid under pressure. A first panel of the panels has an edge area and a second panel of the panels has an edge area of the first panel. A plurality of holes are formed in the edge region of the first panel, and a plurality of holes are formed in the edge region of the second panel. Is formed, the hole in the edge region of the first panel is superposed with the hole in the edge region of the second panel, and rising vapor is superposed through the superposed holes. Flow through the edge region, and the holes in the edge region cause the distribution of holes in the tray. Ri together are brought into a uniform one, the opening area for the rising vapor is caused to be larger than when there is no hole in said edge region of the panel, the fluid contact tray, characterized in that. 2. Each of the holes is tapered in the plane of the deck from a maximum dimension transverse to the flow direction at its upstream end to a minimum dimension transverse to the flow direction at its downstream end, A plurality of deflectors, each aligned with one of the holes, are disposed, each of the deflectors having an upstream portion, a central portion and a downstream portion, the central portion being connected to the upstream portion and the downstream portion. And each of the upstream portions extends above the deck at one upstream end of the hole and extends over the maximum lateral dimension of the hole, with the entire hole being in the hole. Shielded from liquid moving in the direction of flow, each of the downstream portions extending above the deck at one downstream end of the hole and over the entire lateral dimension of the downstream end of the hole. It is present all over and prevents vapor from propelling the liquid downstream. The deflector and each deck define a lateral exit slot that directs vapor rising through the holes generally transversely to the direction of flow of liquid on the deck. Fluid contact tray. 3. Each of the exit slots has a top edge of approximately 0.85 inches (2.2 cm) or less, a height of 0.35 inches (0.9 cm) or less, and a bottom of approximately 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) or less. The fluid contact tray of claim 2, having a rim. 4. 3. The fluid contact tray according to claim 2, wherein the upstream baffle portion and the downstream baffle portion are inclined to form an obtuse angle with respect to the deck. 5. 3. The fluid contact tray of claim 2, wherein each of the deflectors is integral with the deck and is geometrically substantially identical to each of the holes in plan view. 6. The fluid contact tray of claim 2 having a burr around the exit slot. 7. The fluid contact tray of claim 2, wherein each of the outlet slots has an area of approximately 0.3 inches square (1.9 cm ² ). 8. The holes are arranged in rows extending in the longitudinal direction, the holes in adjacent rows extending in the longitudinal direction are staggered, and the longitudinal positions of the holes in one row are two in the adjacent rows. The fluid contact tray of claim 2, wherein the fluid contact tray is midway between the longitudinal positions of the holes. 9. Each of the holes has a length measured along its longitudinal axis of 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) or less, an upstream width of approximately 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) or less, and a downstream width of 3. The fluid contact tray of claim 2, which is 0.75 inches (1.9 cm) or less. 10. The combination of a plurality of fluid contact trays according to claim 2 and a tower, wherein the trays are mounted in the tower at a distance from each other in the vertical direction, and are located from a downstream position of the tray to a lower position thereof. A combination characterized in that downcomer conduit means leading to a position upstream of the tray is provided. 11. The centers of the holes are arranged at intervals of 3.0 inches (7.6 cm) or less in the flow direction, and at intervals of 2.0 inches (5.1 cm) or less in the lateral direction with respect to the flow direction. The device of claim 2, wherein the device is located at a remote location. 12. The centers of the holes are arranged at intervals of 3.0 inches (7.6 cm) or less in the flow direction, and at intervals of 2.0 inches (5.1 cm) or less in the lateral direction with respect to the flow direction. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus is located at 13. Each of the holes has a length measured along its longitudinal axis of 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) or less, an upstream width of approximately 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) or less, and a downstream width of The fluid contact tray of claim 1, which is 0.75 inches (1.9 cm) or less. 14． The combination of a plurality of fluid contact trays according to claim 1 and a tower, wherein the trays are mounted in the tower at a distance from each other in the vertical direction, and are located from a downstream position of the tray to a lower position thereof. A combination characterized in that downcomer conduit means leading to a position upstream of the tray is provided.