JPH0941584A - Composite insulating waterproof sheet and coated and waterproofed work - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to execute a highly reliable waterproofing work by bonding a composite waterproof sheet on which each unwoven cloth is meltingly mounted on the upper side and lower side of a vulcanizable rubber sheet on a skeleton and forming a coated waterproof layer thereon. SOLUTION: Each of unwoven cloths 1 and 3 is meltingly mounted on the upper layer and the lower layer of a vulcanizable rubber sheet 2 made of vulcanized synthetic rubber or the like, thereby constituting a composite waterproof sheet. This unwoven cloth on the upper layer, although it is made of fiber having a polar group, is preferably a fiber combined with an olefin film and a needle punch. This composite waterproof sheet is bonded with the surface of a skeleton 4 on which an adhesive 5 is applied, thereby constructing a coated waterproof layer on the unwoven layer 1 on the upper layer. This construction makes it possible to exert excellent water resistance, weatherability, ventilation, shock absorbing properties and insulating properties without causing the coated waterproof layer to suffer from troubles, such as peeling off or blister.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a composite waterproof sheet and a waterproof coating structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the roof surface of a building is generally waterproofed.

This type of waterproof construction is roughly classified into three types: asphalt construction, sheet construction and coating construction.

In asphalt construction, asphalt that has been melted at high temperature is constructed on the running surface. This asphalt construction has the advantage that it can be performed quickly and at low cost. However, since this method is a thermal method, there are drawbacks such as a risk of fire occurrence during construction, bad odor emission, bad weather resistance after construction, low temperature embrittlement cracking, and inability to reduce the thickness.

On the other hand, in the sheet construction, a separately manufactured rubber sheet or plastic sheet is constructed on the surface of the body. This sheet construction has an advantage that the thickness can be reduced by using a thin rubber sheet or a plastic sheet, and a waterproof structure having excellent weather resistance can be easily constructed by selecting a material.
However, this method has the drawback that the cost of the material of the rubber or plastic sheet is high and the sheet connecting work must be performed over a wide range.

On the other hand, coating is a method of forming a waterproof coating by thinly applying a waterproof coating on the surface of the vehicle body. This coating film construction has an advantage that the thickness of the coating film after the construction can be made thin and the sheet connection construction can be omitted. However, when using an organic solvent-based waterproof paint, there is a risk of fire during construction, and when using a water-dispersed waterproof paint, the dryness during construction is poor and the water resistance and weather resistance of the coating film after construction are poor. There is a drawback that it is inferior.

On the other hand, as a waterproof coating film, one which has no danger of fire, has a good dryness during construction, and is excellent in water resistance and weather resistance after construction has come into practical use.
Therefore, the conventional drawbacks of waterproofing the coating film tend to be eliminated.

[0008] For example, in addition to the advantages that the coating film using a solvent-free polyurethane waterproof paint can reduce the thickness of the coating film after the construction and there is no sheet connection construction, the construction can be carried out at room temperature. There are advantages. For this reason, there is no risk of fire or bad odor during high-temperature asphalt construction, and there are no disadvantages such as bad weather resistance and low-temperature embrittlement cracking resistance that cannot be avoided during asphalt construction.

For this reason, the polyurethane coating film waterproofing method in which the solvent-free polyurethane waterproof coating material is applied to the surface of the vehicle body has been attracting attention.

However, in the conventional waterproofing method for polyurethane coating film, when a small amount of water remains on the substrate, the water vaporizes and becomes water vapor to swell the polyurethane coating film, or cause adhesive failure, and the polyurethane coating film. There is a drawback that it itself is hydrolyzed and deteriorated.

Further, in the conventional polyurethane coating waterproofing method, if there is a cracked portion in the underlayer, the polyurethane coating layer also co-cracks, causing adhesive failure.

Further, in the conventional method of waterproofing a polyurethane coating film, there is a drawback that the polyurethane coating layer is likely to be uneven if the base has an uneven portion.

On the other hand, in order to solve these problems, a method using a breathable sheet such as a nonwoven fabric has been proposed.

For example, there is a plastic sheet to which a non-woven fabric is attached, but this one has a drawback that the adhesive strength between the plastic sheet and the non-woven fabric is low. In particular, the adhesive strength between the plastic sheet and the non-woven fabric is extremely low in the case where the plastic sheet and the non-woven fabric are bonded with a solvent-type adhesive.

In the case of using an unvulcanized rubber sheet as the non-woven binder, there is a concern that the unvulcanized rubber sheet may adversely affect the urethane coating film.

[0016]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and its object is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and prevent swelling and peeling. It can be adhered well to the body surface, and even when a waterproof coating layer is provided on the body surface with cracks and irregularities, a composite waterproof sheet that does not cause co-cracking or step differences in the waterproof layer It is intended to provide a coating film waterproofing construction that does not adversely affect the waterproof membrane layer.

[0017]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The gist of the present invention is to provide a composite waterproof sheet comprising a vulcanized rubber sheet having an upper layer side and a lower layer side fused with a nonwoven fabric, and a composite waterproof sheet thereof. It is in a waterproof coating construction using.

In the present invention, the vulcanized rubber sheet is preferably a synthetic polymer roofing sheet specified in JIS-A6008 which has good water resistance and weather resistance and does not adversely affect the waterproof layer of the coating film. Examples thereof include ethylene propylene diene rubber sheet, chlorosulfonated polyethylene sheet, and chloroprene rubber sheet.

Further, in the present invention, the upper layer side non-woven fabric may be any one which is practically used for industrial use, and a non-woven fabric of fibers having a polar group in the molecule is particularly preferable because it has excellent adhesiveness to the polyurethane coating film. Is. Here, examples of the nonwoven fabric of fibers having a polar group in the molecule include polyester fiber-based nonwoven fabric, polyamide fiber-based nonwoven fabric, and acrylic fiber-based nonwoven fabric.

This type of non-woven fabric of fibers having polar groups in the molecule is bonded to the polyolefin film by needle punching.

Here, as the polyolefin film, a polyethylene film, an ethylene / α-olefin copolymer film, an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer film, an ethylene / acrylic acid copolymer film,
An ethylene / acrylic ester copolymer film or the like is used.

Since these polyolefin films have heat-sealing properties, the nonwoven fabric bonded to the polyolefin film by needle punching can be easily heat-sealed to the vulcanized rubber sheet. The non-woven fabric bonded to the polyolefin film by needle punching does not peel off even if it is contacted with an organic solvent.

In the present invention, the lower layer side non-woven fabric is preferably a non-polar fiber non-woven fabric having no polar group in the molecule, for example, a polyolefin fiber non-woven fabric. This is because the non-polar fiber non-woven fabric is excellent in water resistance, low water absorption, and alkali resistance, and as a result, does not cause hydrolysis deterioration or adhesive breakage even if there is water on the surface of the precursor, and also has excellent ventilation cushioning. is there.

In the present invention, as the waterproof coating film, there is no risk of fire occurrence, and it is sufficient that it is dry at the time of construction and has excellent water resistance and weather resistance after construction, such as a solvent-free polyurethane waterproof coating, Solvent tar polyurethane waterproof paint, solventless polysulfide waterproof paint, solventless silicone waterproof paint, solventless epoxy resin waterproof paint, solventless polyester resin waterproof paint, liquid chloroprene rubber waterproof paint, acrylic resin waterproof paint, etc.

On the other hand, when the composite waterproof sheet and the waterproof coating film thus obtained are applied to the surface of the running body, the following steps are carried out.

First, an adhesive, for example, a resin mortar or an epoxy adhesive is applied on the surface of the vehicle body, and then a composite waterproof sheet is laid on the adhesive.

The construction obtained at this stage is breathable because the lower nonwoven fabric layer is present on the precursor surface, and as a result, the vulcanized rubber is obtained even if water remains on the precursor surface. No swelling of the waterproof layer will occur.

Next, a waterproof coating, for example, a solvent-free polyurethane waterproof coating is applied on the upper side nonwoven fabric layer of the laid composite waterproof sheet to form a polyurethane coating film. At this time, since the upper nonwoven fabric layer of the composite heat-insulating waterproof sheet strongly adheres to the polyurethane coating film, no adhesion failure or swelling failure occurs at this interface.

The polyurethane coating waterproof structure thus obtained has a slightly higher temperature rise due to direct sunlight. For this reason, it is desirable to use a heat-resistant solvent-free polyurethane waterproof paint that meets heat insulation and waterproof specifications as the solvent-free polyurethane waterproof paint.

In the composite waterproof sheet of the present invention, firstly, by providing the upper layer side nonwoven fabric on the upper layer side of the turbulent rubber sheet,
It can strongly adhere to the waterproof coating layer applied on the upper layer.

Secondly, in the composite waterproof sheet of the present invention, since the lower nonwoven fabric layer is also provided on the lower side of the vulcanized rubber sheet, the waterproof article formed by applying the composite waterproof sheet on the body surface. Even if water is present on the surface of the precursor, it remains in the lower nonwoven fabric layer and can protect the vulcanized rubber sheet layer and the waterproof layer of the polyurethane coating from water erosion deterioration, and the adhesive applied on the surface of the precursor. Can penetrate into the lower nonwoven fabric layer and strongly bond.

Thirdly, in the composite waterproof sheet of the present invention, the nonwoven fabric layers are provided on the upper and lower sides of the vulcanized rubber sheet. Absorbing those irregularities in the layer, as a result, the entire waterproofing structure has no irregularities, and even if a waterproof coating layer is provided as an upper layer, co-cracking of the waterproof layer coating is not induced.

Fourth, the waterproof coating work of the present invention is a composite in which nonwoven fabrics are fused on the upper layer side and the lower layer side of the vulcanized rubber sheet, respectively, on the precursor surface having the adhesive applied on the surface. A waterproof sheet is adhered, and a waterproof layer is formed on the upper nonwoven fabric layer of the composite waterproof sheet to form a double waterproof layer consisting of a vulcanized rubber sheet and a waterproof layer. The reliability of the function can be significantly improved.

[0034]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, one embodiment of a composite waterproof sheet of the present invention and one embodiment of a waterproof film construction using the composite waterproof sheet of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. .

(One Example of Composite Waterproof Sheet) Thickness 1.0
A 0.2 mm thick polyester fiber nonwoven fabric on the upper surface of a vulcanized ethylene propylene diene rubber sheet and a polypropylene fiber nonwoven fabric layer which is a lower nonwoven fabric layer having a thickness of 2 mm on the lower surface of the vulcanized ethylene propylene diene rubber sheet. By wearing the composite waterproof sheet of the present invention, an example product was obtained.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an example of the composite waterproof sheet of the present invention thus obtained.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a polyester fiber nonwoven fabric layer which is an upper nonwoven fabric layer, 2 is a vulcanized ethylene propylene diene rubber sheet layer which is a vulcanized rubber sheet layer, and 3 is a polypropylene fiber nonwoven fabric layer which is a lower nonwoven fabric layer.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, in one embodiment of the composite waterproof sheet of the present invention, firstly, a polyester fiber non-woven fabric layer 1 made of polar fibers is melted as an upper non-woven fabric layer on the vulcanized rubber sheet layer 2. Therefore, when a waterproof coating film is applied to the upper layer of the polyester fiber non-woven fabric layer 1, it penetrates between the fibers and can strongly adhere to the polyester fiber non-woven fabric layer 1 and the polar group of the polyester fiber non-woven fabric layer and the polar group of the coating film waterproof layer. It can be strongly bonded by adding a chemical bond with. In addition, the polyester fiber non-woven fabric layer 1 has a mechanical cushioning effect, so that the service life can be extended.

Secondly, in one embodiment of the composite waterproof sheet of the present invention, a non-polar polypropylene fiber nonwoven fabric layer 3 which is a lower nonwoven fabric layer is integrally fused under the vulcanized rubber sheet layer 2. Therefore, it has ventilation / buffering property and water resistance. As a result, even if moisture exists on the surface of the vehicle, the vulcanized rubber sheet layer 2 can be effectively protected from water and the adhesion between the vehicle surface and the composite waterproof sheet can be obtained. Can be guaranteed.

(Composite Waterproof Sheet of Comparative Example) Thickness 1.0 mm
A composite waterproof sheet of a comparative example was obtained by heating and fusing a non-polar polypropylene fiber nonwoven fabric layer having a thickness of 2 mm only on the lower surface of the vulcanized ethylene propylene diene rubber sheet.

(Adhesion Test between One Example Product of Composite Waterproof Sheet and Polyurethane Coating Film) Next, the thus obtained one example product of the composite waterproof sheet of the present invention and the composite waterproof sheet of the comparative example are respectively described below. Three kinds of solvent-free polyurethane waterproof paints having different curing systems were applied to the upper layer to form a polyurethane coating film, and then the adhesive strength between the upper layer and the polyurethane coating film was measured.

The three solvent-free polyurethane waterproof paints used are as follows.

Polyurethane waterproof coating A Tolylene diisocyanate as an isocyanate component,
A two-component polyurethane waterproof paint using 3,3'-dichloro-4,4'diaminodiphenylmethane as a curing agent.

Polyurethane Waterproof Paint B A two-component polyurethane waterproof paint prepared by blending the above-mentioned polyurethane waterproof paint A with a tackifier.

Polyurethane Waterproof Paint C 1-pack type moisture-curable polyurethane waterproof paint.

Next, the initial adhesive strength (kgf / 25 mm,) of these adhesives which are not thermally deteriorated at all
The maximum strength when peeled over a bonding length of 25 mm) was measured.

Table 1 shows the results of these tests.

[0048]

[Table 1]

As can be seen from Table 1, in one embodiment of the composite waterproof sheet of the present invention, the vulcanized rubber sheet layer 2 is fused with the polyester fiber nonwoven fabric layer 1 made of polar fibers as the upper nonwoven fabric layer. When the polyurethane waterproof coating is applied, it easily penetrates between the fibers and can be strongly adhered, and also the chemical bond between the polar group of the polyester fiber non-woven fabric layer 1 and the polar group of the coating waterproof layer can be added to strongly adhere. . Such excellent adhesion is the same regardless of the type of polyurethane waterproof paint.

On the other hand, the composite waterproof sheet of the comparative example has a small adhesive strength because the polyurethane waterproof coating is directly applied on the vulcanized rubber sheet layer. Such poor adhesion is the same regardless of the type of polyurethane waterproof paint.

(First Example of Polyurethane Coating Waterproofing Work) Next, a polyurethane coating waterproofing work was applied using an example product of the composite waterproof sheet of the present invention. Solventless resin mortar was applied as an agent at 3 kg / square.

Next, one example of the composite waterproof sheet of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 was laid on the applied resin mortar so that the lower nonwoven fabric layer 4 was on the lower side.

Here, the joints of the composite waterproof sheet were butted, and the joints were connected using joint tapes.

Finally, a solventless polyurethane waterproof paint is applied to the upper layer of the upper non-woven fabric layer to form a polyurethane coating of 2 mm.
By forming it to have a thickness, a first example of a polyurethane coating film waterproof construction product was obtained.

FIG. 2 is a perspective explanatory view of the first embodiment product of the polyurethane coating waterproof structure thus obtained.

In FIG. 2, 1 is a polyester fiber nonwoven fabric layer which is an upper nonwoven fabric layer, 2 is a vulcanized ethylene propylene diene rubber sheet layer which is a vulcanized rubber sheet layer, 3 is a polypropylene fiber nonwoven fabric layer which is a lower nonwoven fabric layer, and 4 is The concrete surface 5 is a resin mortar applied on the surface 5 and 6 is a polyurethane coating layer formed on the upper nonwoven fabric layer 1.

(Second Example of Polyurethane Coating Waterproof Construction) First, 0.4 kg / m ^{2 of} solventless special epoxy resin adhesive was applied on the concrete surface of the concrete.

Next, on the coated solventless type special epoxy resin adhesive, one embodiment of the composite waterproof sheet of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is laid so that the lower nonwoven fabric layer 4 is on the lower side. , Then rolled.

Here, the joints of the composite waterproof sheet were butted, and the joints were connected using joint tapes.

Finally, a solventless polyurethane waterproof paint is applied to the upper layer of the upper non-woven fabric layer 1 to form a polyurethane coating film 2
The second example of the polyurethane coating film waterproof construction product was obtained by forming it to have a thickness of mm.

(Results of Characteristic Test of First and Second Examples of Polyurethane Coating Waterproof Construction) The coating waterproof construction of the first embodiment has an initial adhesion strength of 1.2 on the concrete surface.
kg / cm ² , and the waterproof coating work of the second example had an initial adhesive strength of 1.3 kg / cm ² with the concrete surface of the concrete, showing sufficient adhesiveness.

Next, these polyurethane coating waterproof constructions were exposed to the outdoors for 2 years, and then the polyurethane coating was observed for poor peeling, poor swelling, presence of water leaks, presence of cracks, and the like.

As a result, the waterproof coating constructions of the first and second embodiments showed poor peeling and poor swelling even after being exposed for 2 years.
There were no water leaks or cracks. In particular, the polyurethane coating waterproof construction of the second embodiment in which the solventless special epoxy resin adhesive was applied on the concrete surface of the concrete adhered strongly to the surface of the concrete body even after being exposed for 2 years.

Furthermore, these waterproof coating constructions also exhibited excellent results in terms of ventilation / bufferability, weather resistance and water resistance.

[0065]

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION The composite waterproof sheet of the present invention is, firstly, capable of penetrating and strongly adhering between fibers when a coating waterproof coating is applied on the upper layer, and secondly, a lower nonwoven fabric under the vulcanized rubber sheet layer. Since the layers are integrally fused, it is possible to exhibit ventilation / bufferability, water resistance and adhesiveness, and is industrially useful.

In addition, in the polyurethane waterproofing structure of the present invention, the upper layer can be strongly adhered to the waterproof film and the lower layer can be strongly adhered to the surface of the vehicle body, which results in poor peeling and swelling of the waterproof film. It is capable of exhibiting excellent water resistance, weather resistance, ventilation / buffering properties, and heat insulation properties without the occurrence of water leak locations and cracks, and is industrially useful.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an example product of a composite waterproof sheet of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective explanatory view of a first embodiment product of the coating film waterproofing construction of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Upper layer non-woven fabric layer 2 Vulcanized rubber sheet layer 3 Lower non-woven fabric layer 4 Concrete surface 5 Adhesive layer 6 Coating layer

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Masaharu Okuma 3-529 Kitahama Chuo-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Hitachi Cable Co., Ltd. Kansai Branch

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A composite waterproof sheet comprising a vulcanized rubber sheet and non-woven fabrics fused on the upper layer side and the lower layer side, respectively. 2. The composite waterproof sheet according to claim 1, wherein the vulcanized rubber sheet is a vulcanized synthetic rubber. 3. The composite waterproof sheet according to claim 1, wherein the non-woven fabric provided by fusion bonding to the upper layer side of the vulcanized rubber sheet is made of fibers having polar groups. 4. The non-woven fabric provided by fusion bonding to the upper layer side of the vulcanized rubber sheet is joined to the olefinic film by needle punching.
The described composite waterproof sheet. 5. A surface of a body having an adhesive applied on its surface,
A composite waterproof sheet formed by fusing non-woven fabrics is adhered to the upper side and the lower side of the vulcanized rubber sheet, respectively, and a coating waterproof layer is formed on the upper side nonwoven fabric layer of the composite waterproof sheet. Waterproof coating construction product characterized by. 6. The waterproof coating product according to claim 5, wherein the waterproof coating layer is a polyurethane coating film.