JPH0934710A - Object orientated programming method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent burden from being loaded to a user, who performs object orientated programming while utilizing an external environment, and to prevent the productivity and reliability of a program from being lowered. SOLUTION: This method is divided into a common class 4 having plural methods as a common interface in the case of performing access to platforms A and B and individual classes 9 and 10 correspondent for each platform succeeding the plural methods and having descriptions 13 and 14 of access processing for each of plural methods and when processing an object, the specification of any correspondent individual class and the specification of any correspondent method are performed based on the designation of platforms described in the object and the designation of the common interface. Then, the method specified with regard to the specified individual class is started and while referring to the descriptions of access processing for each method, the started individual class performs access to the external program/external file corresponding to the accepted method.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an object-oriented programming method for using one or more external environments in an electronic computer system to which one or more external environments having external programs or files are connected.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when an object-oriented program is processed in an electronic computer system including one or more external environments having external programs or files, the external programs or files on one or more external environments are accessed. In this case, in object-oriented programming, it is necessary to individually describe each time according to the conditions of the external environment of the software or hardware of the external program or external file. It was

The existence of such a description for accessing an external program or an external file in an object-oriented program complicates the object-oriented programming and increases the productivity or reliability of the application program by the object-oriented programming. There was a problem of lowering it.

In order to solve this problem, for example, in the object-oriented programming method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-56581, when accessing an external program and an external file, it is necessary to access the external program and the external file. A common object that holds control information common to each external program or each external file and an individual object that links this common object as a higher-level object are provided, and the individual object is provided for each external program or each external file. It holds the corresponding unique control information.

Then, the request source object that accesses the external program or external file issues a message to the individual object corresponding to the external program or external file of the access destination by using the same interface as in the case of a normal object at the time of access. Then, the individual object that receives the message accesses the corresponding external program or external file.

As a result, a user who writes a general object by using object-oriented programming can use an external program or an external file in the same manner as when calling a general object.

[0007]

However, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-56581, when using a common object as a common interface, it is necessary to specify an individual object every time, which is complicated. That is, "READ" access to read an external file and "WR" to write to an external file on the same external environment (for example, "Sun-OS (Sun Microsystems, Inc.)")
Accessing "ITE" means having different individual objects. When accessing "READ", specify the individual object corresponding to this "READ", and accessing "WRITE". This "WRIT
It is necessary to specify the individual object corresponding to "E".

Further, when individual objects are selected one by one when individual objects are selected, if there is a dependency between the methods of each individual object, the consistency of these methods is ensured by a user who uses a common interface ( Programmer) must guarantee. That is, even though the access is to the same external environment, different individual objects are specified. Therefore, a user who performs object-oriented programming must ensure the dependency between individual objects related to the external environment for programming. I have to.

[0009] Such compulsory description of the procedure and the description of guaranteeing the dependency relationship impose a heavy burden on the user who performs object-oriented programming, and the complicated procedure description is applied to an object program such as an application program by object-oriented programming. There is a problem that the efficiency of software development is reduced.

Therefore, the present invention eliminates such problems,
An object-oriented programming method that does not impose a burden on a user who uses the object-oriented program and does not reduce the productivity and reliability of the object-oriented program even when including a description for accessing an external program or an external file in an external environment The purpose is to provide.

[0011]

The present invention provides an object-oriented programming method in an electronic computer system to which one or more external environments (A and B in FIG. 1) having external programs or files are connected.
A common class (4 in FIG. 1) having a plurality of methods as a common interface for accessing the above external environment, and a description of access processing for each of the plurality of methods that inherits the plurality of methods (FIG. 1 of 13, 14)
When executing a processing procedure including an access process to an external program or an external file in the one or more external environments by dividing the subclass corresponding to each of the one or more external environments (9 and 10 in FIG. 1) having Based on the designation of the one or more external environments and the designation of the method of the common class described in the processing procedure, the subclass corresponding to the designated one or more external environments and the designated common By specifying the method of the subclass corresponding to the method of the class, activating the specified method, and executing the access processing description corresponding to the activated method, the external program or external file Characterized by access.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the present invention, when processing a processing procedure (for example, an object) including access processing to an external program or an external file in one or more external environments, the one or more of the one or more described in the object is processed. Based on the specification of the external environment and the specification of the method of the common class, the subclass corresponding to the specified one or more external environments and the method of the subclass corresponding to the method of the specified common class are identified. To do. By accessing the external program or the external file by invoking this specified method and executing the description of the access processing of the invoked method.

As a result, the consistency between the access processes corresponding to the respective methods as the common interface can be ensured, and the process procedure to be processed (for example,
(Object), it is only necessary to specify the external environment to be used and the method of the common class, which has general versatility, so that the productivity and development efficiency of the application program by the object-oriented program can be improved, and the object-oriented programming Such a load can be reduced.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the functional arrangement of an electronic computer system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. This electronic computer system has a platform common unit 1 on an object-oriented computer system, a plurality of platform dependent units 2 and 3, and platforms A and B on an external environment system.

The platform is an external environment, for example, the platform A is "Sun-OS" as an operating system, and the platform B is "Windows-NT (Microsoft Corp.)" as an operating system.

The platform common part 1 is positioned as a super class, and the platform dependent parts 2, 3
Is positioned as a subclass.

In the platform common section 1, a source program common to each platform A and B is described, and an object group 5 having a plurality of objects requesting access to each platform A and B, a global variable declaration, A global variable setting unit 6 that performs initialization and change,
It includes a common class 4 having a common interface 8 for each platform, and a global variable reference unit 7 for referencing a global variable having a type of pointer to the common class 4.
Here, the global variable is a variable declared in the application program in which the object group 5 is used, and the platform to be accessed is set in this variable. Global variables are visible to all parts of the application program in which they are declared. Details of this global variable will be described later.

The common interface 8 is a common access type and is described as a plurality of methods.
For example, method a is an access type that calls an external file (OPEN), method b is an access type that reads external file data (READ), and method c is an access type that writes external file data (WRIT).
E). Further, as another example of the method, there is an access type (SLEEP) that calls an external program that suspends the execution of the slade for a specified interval.

The platform-dependent parts 2 and 3 have individual classes 9 and 10, respectively.
Has common interfaces 11 and 12 that inherit the common interface 8. That is, the common interfaces 11 and 12 store the same methods as the common interface 8, respectively. In addition, the individual classes 9 and 10 have mounting units 13 and 14 in which specific descriptions of access to the platforms A and B corresponding to the platform-dependent units 2 and 3, respectively, are mounted. That is, the mounting unit 13 has a specific description of actually accessing the platform A according to the access type indicated by the methods a to c. Similarly, the mounting unit 14 uses the method a for the platform B.
There is a specific description of actually accessing according to the access type indicated by -c.

Platforms A and B have external programs / external files A1 and B1, respectively. These external programs / external files A1 and B1 are objects to be accessed by the object group 5.

Although FIG. 1 shows two platform-dependent parts 2 and 3, this is an example showing a plurality of platform-dependent parts.

Next, the processing procedure of the computer system shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to the flow chart shown in FIG.

First, in the platform common section 1, before starting all platform-dependent processing,
A global variable that specifies a subclass in the platform-dependent part corresponding to the platform to be used is declared (step 101). It is judged whether or not the next processing in the object group 5 after the global variable is declared is the setting of the global variable (step 102), and if it is the setting of the global variable, the global variable setting unit 6 determines the available platform. An instance of the corresponding subclass 9 or 10 (also referred to as an individual object) is generated, and its address is stored in a global variable designating a platform (step 103). Further, it is determined whether or not the next processing is platform-dependent processing (step 1
04). When it is determined in step 104 that the process is platform-dependent, the global variable reference unit 7 determines whether the global variable designating the platform has been set (step 106). If the global variable is not set, an error is notified to the system (step 110), and the process ends. If the global variable is set, it is judged whether the method declared in the common interface 8 is specified along with the platform specification (step 107), and if not specified, an error is notified (step 110). ), The processing ends. If specified, the specified method of the specified platform is activated (step 108). When the method is started, the method implementation part 1
In 3 or 14, access to the external program / external file A1 or B1 in the external environment A or B is executed (step 109), and after the method ends, the process moves to step 111. If the next process in the object group 5 is a process common to the platform in step 104, the process common to the platform is executed (step 105), and after the process is completed, step 111
Move on to. In step 111, it is determined whether all the processes in the object group 5 have been executed, and if they have been executed, the process ends. Step 1 if there is more to do
Returning to 02, the above processing is repeated. Here, it is also possible to reset the global variable in step 103.

Here, the processing of the object-oriented program as a concrete source program will be described with reference to FIGS. The programs shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 are written in the C ++ language.

FIG. 3 shows the contents of the object-oriented program indicated by the object group 5. First, the description (1) in FIG. 3 declares a global variable. That is, "env_obj" is set as a global variable by ENVIRONMENT * env_obj ;. After that, the platform is specified using this global variable "env_obj". That is, the platform A is specified by the description (3) of env_obj = new ENVIRONMENT_A ;. Therefore, the designation of the common interface designated thereafter is the common interface (access type) for the platform A. For example, the specification of the common interface for calling an external program is described in (4).
As shown in, the access process for calling the external file of the platform A can be performed by setting env_obj-> open (...) ;. Similarly,
As shown in the description (5), the common interface for writing data is specified as env_obj-> write (...); Data can be written in the external file or external program of the platform A.

Then, as described in the description (5), the designation of the platform A specified in the description (3) is canceled by setting delete env_obj ;.

That is, in the specification of the common interface in the area from the description (3) for specifying the platform A to the description (6) for canceling the specification of the platform A, it is not necessary to specify the platform A each time, and The load on the user who performs directional programming is reduced. In this case, the user will perform object-oriented programming assuming access to the platform A. Moreover, since the common interface to be used only needs to specify a general access type, programming can be performed in a manner substantially similar to normal object-oriented programming.

After that, when the platform B is accessed, the platform B can be designated by performing the description (7) designating the platform B in the same manner as the description (3). At the same time, the platform designation has been changed. Then, in the area up to the de-designation of the platform B shown in the description (10), the desired access to the platform B can be performed by simply designating the common interface as in the case where the platform A was designated. it can.

Similarly, in FIG. 3, after that, the platform A is redesignated in the areas from the description (11) to the description (14), and the description (15) is also performed.
The platform C (not shown) is designated in the areas from (1) to (18).

Thus, in the object-oriented program, it is possible to change the designation of the platform only by simply defining the area designated by the platform, and since the designation is made for each platform, the platform can be designated. Consistency with respect to various access types can be ensured within the designated area of.

FIG. 4 shows a common class 4 and an individual class 9,
10 shows the definition description of the common interface in 10. The same descriptions as the descriptions (22) to (25) of the common interface in the common class 4 shown in FIG.
Descriptions (32) to (3) of common interfaces shown in the individual classes 9 and 10 shown in (b) and FIG. 4 (c), respectively.
5) and descriptions (42) to (45), respectively. In addition, "virtual int" in each description means that "virtual" indicates that the method can be inherited in the class hierarchy, and "int" indicates the return value in "()". It becomes a real integer.

FIG. 5 shows the description contents of the mounting units 13 and 14 in the individual classes 9 and 10. Here, the platform A corresponding to the individual class 9 is "Sun-OS", and the platform B corresponding to the individual class 10 is
Is "Windows-NT".

As shown in FIG. 5 (a), the description of the mounting unit 13 includes a description corresponding to "Sun-OS" for each common interface, and the description of the mounting unit 14 is shown in FIG. 5 (b). As described above, the description corresponding to "Windows-NT" is made for each common interface. 5A and 5B are particularly different in the description corresponding to the method a of the common interface, that is, "open" which is the access type for calling the external program. Specifically, "Su
The description corresponding to the method a in "n-OS" is "open" and there is no big difference, but the description corresponding to the method a in "Windows-NT" is "CreateFile", which is a completely different description. Of course, not only the access command but also other description parts are implemented so as to correspond to the environmental conditions of each platform, and have different description parts.

As described above, in the first embodiment, an individual class for each platform, which is an external environment, is provided, the individual class inherits the common interface of the common class, and each specified common interface has its own platform specific Since the access description of is implemented, it is possible to maintain consistency for each platform when accessing an external program or file.

Further, in object-oriented programming as a source program in the platform common part, a platform is designated in advance, and unless the platform is undesignated, the platform is continuously designated and the common interface Since the common interface for the specified platform can be specified only by specifying, the burden on the user can be reduced even when using an external file or external program with an object-oriented program, and the above-mentioned It becomes easier to achieve consistency within such a platform.

Next, the second embodiment will be described.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the functional arrangement of an electronic computer system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment, the global variable setting unit is not provided in the platform common unit 1 as shown in FIG. 1, but the global variable setting unit is provided for each platform dependent unit. That is, in FIG. 6, the global variable setting unit 15,
16 are provided in the platform-dependent parts 2 and 3, respectively. However, the platform common part 1 and the platform dependent part 2 are linked one to one. Also, the platform common part 1 and the platform dependent part 2 are 1
It is linked to one-to-one. That is, there is a fixed link relationship in which either the platform-dependent unit 2 or the platform-dependent unit 3 is linked to the platform common unit 1 and only one platform is connected as an external environment.

In FIG. 2, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals.

The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the platform dependent part linked to the platform common part 1 is uniquely determined, and the global variable setting part described in the platform dependent part is determined. Is to use automatically.

For example, the global variable setting unit 15 sets the global variable so as to use the platform dependent unit 2 by the description as shown in FIG. That is, a global variable is set by the description ENVIRONMENT_A * env_obj_A; env_obj = &env_obj_A;. As a result, the platform-dependent unit 2 declares the global variable of platform A as "env_obj_A",
bj_A ”is generated and the global variable“ env_obj ”designated by the object-oriented program as the source program in the platform common part 1 is reset to“ env_obj_A ”. Here, “&” indicates an address.

Therefore, the object-oriented program as the source program in the platform common section 1 has a description as shown in FIG. That is, the object-oriented program shown in FIG. 8 does not describe the declaration of global variables or the designation of the platform in the object-oriented program shown in FIG. 3, but simply designates a common interface as an access type for an external file or external program. Only need be. As a result, general-purpose object-oriented programming can be performed even when including access processing to the external environment.

In addition, the programmed object-oriented program has a platform A even when the platform dependent part 3 corresponding to another platform B is linked to the platform common part 1.
It is possible to access the external file or the external program of the platform B in exactly the same manner as when the platform-dependent part 2 corresponding to is linked to the platform common part 1. In other words, it is possible to perform a transparent access process for the desired platform to be linked.

In this case, it is not necessary to change the object-oriented program in the platform common part 1 at all, and the linked platform-dependent parts themselves perform access processing to the connected platforms in a distributed manner. And the productivity and development efficiency of an object-oriented program including access processing to an external environment are improved.

Next, a third embodiment will be described.

In the third embodiment, when the description of the mounting part of the method corresponding to the common interface of the individual class is changed in the second embodiment, an individual class linked as a lower class of the individual class is further provided. , The description of the implementation of the method to be changed is described in the lower class of the individual class without changing all the description of the original implementation part.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the functional arrangement of the third embodiment. As a subclass of the platform dependent unit 2, a subordinate platform dependent unit 2a is further provided.
Is provided. Further, in the second embodiment, the global variable setting unit 15 is held in the platform dependent unit 2, but in the third embodiment, the global variable setting unit 18 is held in the lower platform dependent unit 2a. There is. The same components as those of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6 are designated by the same reference numerals.

FIG. 9 shows the configuration when the implementation of the method c in the platform-dependent part 2 changes. That is, the platform-dependent part 2a retains the implementation of the method as before the change of the method c occurs, and the lower platform-dependent part 2a
The method c as a common interface of the individual class 15 is retained in the
Holds a description of the implementation of.

The description of the object-oriented program in the platform common section 1 is similar to that of the second embodiment, and it is only necessary to specify the common interface.

On the other hand, when the platform dependent part 2 and the lower platform dependent part 2a are linked to the platform common part 1 via the platform dependent part 2, like the global variable setting part 15 in the second embodiment, the global variable setting part 15 becomes global. The variable setting unit 18 declares a global variable and initializes the global variable.

When the method c is activated, the method c is accepted by the lower platform dependent part 2a by the global variable that determines the platform dependent part 2, and the mounting part 1 of the lower platform dependent part 2a is accepted.
The external program / external file A1 of platform A is accessed according to the description of the modified implementation of method c in 7.

On the other hand, when the method a or the method b is activated, the method a or b is accepted by the lower platform dependent part 2a by the global variable which determines the platform, and the lower platform dependent part 2a is accepted.
Since the implementation of the methods a and b is not defined in a, the platform according to the implementation of the methods a and b defined in the superclass, that is, the individual class 9 in the platform-dependent part 2 by the function of inheriting the method of the object. External program of A / External file A1
To access.

In this way, in the third embodiment, in addition to the effect of the second embodiment, when the description of the implementation of the method as the common interface is changed, the object-oriented configuration is used to individually Establish a subclass of the class,
Since it is only necessary to describe the implementation of the method in which the lower class is changed (the difference program is described), the load of the change is reduced.

If it becomes necessary to describe a difference program to be further changed, it is sufficient to sequentially perform a process of providing a similar lower platform dependent part as a lower class of the lower platform dependent part 2a and link them.
However, the global variable setting part is held in the lowest lower platform dependent part.

[0055]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, in the object-oriented programming method in an electronic computer system to which one or more external environments having external programs or files are connected,
A common class having a plurality of methods as a common interface for accessing the above external environment, and one or more external environments having a description of access processing for each of the plurality of methods that inherits the plurality of methods When executing a processing procedure including an access processing to an external program or an external file in the one or more external environments by dividing it into corresponding subclasses, the designation of the one or more external environments described in the processing procedure Based on the specification of the method of the common class, the subclass corresponding to the specified one or more external environments and the method of the subclass corresponding to the method of the specified common class are specified. By invoking the specified method and executing the description of the access process corresponding to the invoked method So that access to external program or an external file.

As a result, since one external environment is linked to one subclass, there is an advantage that it is possible to maintain consistency between access processes corresponding to each method as a common interface.

Further, since it is only necessary to describe the versatile description such as the designation of the external environment to be used and the designation of the common interface for the object to be processed, the productivity and the development efficiency of the application program by the object-oriented program can be improved. The advantage is that the load on object-oriented programming can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a functional configuration block diagram of an electronic computer system that is a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure in the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of an object-oriented program as a source program in the platform common unit 1.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a definition description of a common interface in a common class and an individual class.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a description of implementation in an implementation unit of an individual class.

FIG. 6 is a functional configuration block diagram of an electronic computer system that is a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a description of a global variable setting unit and a mounting unit in the platform-dependent unit.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of an object-oriented program as a source program in the platform common part in the second embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a functional configuration block diagram of an electronic computer system that is a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Platform common part 2, 3 ... Platform dependent part 4 ... Common class 5 ... Object group 6 ... Global variable setting part 7 ... Global variable reference part 8, 11, 12 ... Common interface 9, 10 ... Individual class 13, 14 ... Mounting parts A, B ...
Platform A1, B1 ... External program / external file

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An object-oriented programming method in an electronic computer system, to which one or more external environments having an external program or an external file are connected, comprising: a plurality of common interfaces for accessing the one or more external environments. A common class having methods and a subclass corresponding to each of the one or more external environments that inherits the plurality of methods and has a description of access processing for each of the plurality of methods are provided. When a processing procedure including access processing to an external program or an external file is executed, the specified one of the specified ones is specified based on the specification of the one or more external environments described in the processing procedure and the specification of the method of the common class. Identification of the subclass corresponding to the above external environment and the specified common class By specifying the method of the subclass corresponding to the method of Lath, starting the specified method, and executing the description of the access process corresponding to the started method, the external program or the external file An object-oriented programming method characterized by access.