JPH09328779A - Bearing situation detection device of construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To detect a gutter of a bearing part objectively, easily, and speedily by attaching a sensor which detects at least either of vibration and impact on a pin or a member connected by a pin in such a manner that it can be mounted and dismounted freely and displaying information detected by the sensor. SOLUTION: A magnet 20 is fixed on a plurality of sensors 10 consisting of a vibration meter, an acceleration meter, or AE. The sensor 10 is mounted and dismounted in each bearing part by one-touch operation by attaching the magnet 20 to an end face of a pin 19 adhesively. When a gutter of a bearing part of a hydraulic shovel is diagnosed, a sensor 10n is attached to the bearing part, the rise and fall of a boom, the vertical turn of an arm, and forward and backward oscillation of a bucket are performed, and a signal detected by the sensor 10 is taken in a detected value memory. Data which is taken in the memory is operated and processed, the result of the operation is stored in an operation value memory, and the content stored in the memory and the shape of the hydraulic shovel are synthesized to display in a display unit 12.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a construction machine having an articulated front such as a hydraulic excavator or a loader shovel for diagnosing and displaying the degree of rattling of a pin / bush type bearing part constituting a joint part. Regarding

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In construction machines such as hydraulic excavators,
If rattling occurs due to wear of the bearings that make up the joints, rattling of the work tool increases due to the rattling, and the positioning accuracy of the bucket and other parts deteriorates, resulting in poor workability, noise, and vibration. There is a problem that it becomes.

[0003] Conventionally, when diagnosing rattling in such bearings, the machine is actually operated, the shaking and vibration of the machine are visually observed, and rattling of each bearing is depended on past experience and intuition. I was guessing the size of the or, and was pinpointing the location of the big rattling. As another method, the bearing portion is disassembled, and the outer diameter of the pin and the inner diameter of the bush are measured to measure the rattling of each bearing portion.

[0004]

However, according to the method of actually operating the machine and detecting the looseness of each bearing part based on past experience and intuition, a high degree of skill and experience are required. However, there is a problem that it is difficult for an inexperienced person and has no objectivity. In addition, the method of disassembling the bearing portion and measuring the dimensions requires disassembling the machine, which is troublesome.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is an objective construction machine equipped with an arm having joints, etc., which is objective, easy and quick for detecting rattling of a bearing without requiring skill or experience. It is an object of the present invention to provide a bearing condition detection device for a construction machine, which can be used in the above.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a device for detecting rattling of a plurality of pin / bush type bearings used in joints of construction machines, and is removably attached to a pin or a member connected by the pin. In addition, a sensor for detecting at least one of vibration and impact is provided, and a display device for displaying information detected by the sensor is provided (claim 1).

In the present invention, the detection information displayed by the display device is a case where the maximum vibration or impact is obtained in each bearing portion (claim 2) and the vibration or impact of each bearing portion. When the data is for displaying the size of the bearing (Claim 3) and when the magnitude of vibration or impact of each bearing is displayed in order (Claim 4).
There is a case where there is data indicating the magnitude of vibration or impact of each bearing and the order of magnitude (claim 5).

Further, in the present invention, the content displayed by the display device includes a screen displaying the shape of the target construction machine, and means for displaying a vibration or impact detection location corresponding to the screen. It is preferable.

Further, in the present invention, instead of or in addition to the display device, an output device for printing the detection information or the display content of the display device may be provided (claim 7). Further, it is preferable that the sensor is attached to a target location by a magnet (claim 8).

[0010]

According to the present invention, the sensor is attached to the joint of the construction machine, the joint is actually operated, the vibration (amplitude) and the impact (acceleration) are measured by the sensor, and the result is displayed by the display device. As a result, the condition of the bearing can be objectively grasped without disassembling the machine and without requiring skill.

As described in claims 2 to 5, various kinds of display contents can be adopted. The display content of the display device may include a screen displaying a shape of a target construction machine, and a unit displaying a vibration or impact detection location corresponding to the screen. In this case, it becomes easy to understand the location of machine vibration. Even if the output device outputs the measurement result instead of the display device as in the seventh aspect, the information about the required error can be obtained. If the sensor is attached to the target location using a magnet as in claim 8, the sensor can be easily attached and detached.

[0012]

1A is a sectional view of a bearing portion showing an example of a sensor mounting structure of a bearing condition detecting device according to the present invention, and FIG. 1B is an embodiment of the bearing condition detecting device according to the present invention. FIG. 2A is a side view of a hydraulic excavator that is an application example of the bearing condition detection device of the present invention.

In the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 2 (A),
In this embodiment, the part to be detected is the upper revolving superstructure 1.
A bearing part a at the base of the boom 2, bearing parts b and c that connect one end of the boom cylinder 3 to the upper swing body 1 and the boom 2, respectively, and a bearing part d that connects the arm 4 to the boom 2. Bearings e and f that connect the cylinder 5 to the boom 2 and the arm 4, respectively, a bearing g that connects the bucket 6 to the arm 4, and a bearing that connects the bucket cylinder 7 to the arm 4 and one ends of the links 8 and 9, respectively. Part h, i
And bearings j and n connecting the other ends of the links 8 and 9 to the arm 4 and the bucket 6, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 1 (B), the bearing condition detecting apparatus of the present invention comprises a plurality of sensors 10a such as a vibrometer, an accelerometer or an AE (acoustic emission: a sensor for capturing and processing vibration noise). 10n, a processing device 11 such as a personal computer and a display device 12 attached to the processing device 11, and a sensor 10 on the display device 12.
It is composed of an adapter 14 having an amplifying function for taking in the signals a to 10n through the signal line 13 and an output device 15 for printing the detection information.

Each of the sensors 10a to 10n is detachably attached to each of the bearings a to n shown in FIG. 2A, and each of the bearings a to n is shown as an example in FIG.
It has a structure as shown in FIG. In FIG. 1A, 16 and 17 are bosses of members that are rotatably connected to each other by a pin 19, 18 is a bush integrally fitted to one boss 17, and the pin 19 is a boss 16.
It is inserted into the hole 16a and the bush 18.

In this example, the sensor 10 (sensor 10
The magnet 20 is fixed to the end surface of the pin 19 by fixing the magnet 20 to one of a to 10n, which is represented by reference numeral 10), and the sensor 10 is pressed with one touch.
Here is an example that can be attached and detached. In the case of this example, the sensor 10 shows an example in which the rattling of the pin 19 with respect to the boss 16 is detected, but when the rattling of the bush 18 with respect to the pin 19 is detected, the sensor 10 is attached to the boss 17 side.

FIG. 2B is a block diagram for explaining the processing by the processing device 11. Reference numeral 22 is a CPU, 23 is a detection value memory for storing vibration data (amplitude value) of the sensors 10a to 10n, and 24 is a detection value memory. An arithmetic means for extracting the bearing portion having the maximum vibration from the data stored in the detected value memory 23, an arithmetic value memory 25 for storing the arithmetic result obtained by the arithmetic means 24, and a numeral 26 in FIG. ), A shape memory for storing the shape of the construction machine such as the hydraulic excavator together with the bearing portion, and 27 is a screen for combining the machine shape stored in the shape memory 26 and the calculation result stored in the calculation value memory 25. It is a synthesizing section.

In the present embodiment, when diagnosing the play of the bearing portion of the hydraulic excavator, a service person or an operator attaches the sensors 10a to 10n to the bearing portions a to n, and the boom 2 is raised and lowered. , The arm 4 is rotated up and down, and the bucket 6 is swung back and forth, and the detection signals of the sensors 10a to 10n are stored in the detection value memory 23. Arithmetic means 24
Calculates, for example, the vibration data taken in the memory 23 by various methods as described later, stores the calculation result in the calculated value memory 25, and stores the contents stored in the memory 25 and the shape memory 26. The shape of the hydraulic excavator stored in FIG.
Displayed at

In the display device 12, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the shape stored in the shape memory 26 is displayed as the display screen 12a, and the location where the maximum vibration obtained by the calculating means 24 is obtained is displayed. For example, it is displayed by instructing with a mark such as an arrow as shown in the figure, or different in color from other bearing portions. The location where the maximum vibration data is obtained may be displayed by the name of the bearing portion on the display screen 12a, but the location where the maximum vibration data is obtained is displayed together with the shape of the hydraulic excavator so that it can be seen at a glance. It is possible to know a big place.

By pointing out the location of such maximum vibration, for example, when it becomes necessary to find a location where noise is generated due to galling on the bearing, it is necessary to disassemble the hydraulic excavator. It is possible to carry out the process easily and promptly without any skill and without requiring skill.

FIG. 4 shows another example of display by the display device 12. The symbols a to n of each bearing are displayed together with the shape of the hydraulic excavator in the upper part of the display screen, and in the lower part, a table of vibration data (amplitude). (Value) is displayed together with symbols a to n. In this example, the degree of rattling can be known in detail.

Further, as shown in the figure, by adding the order of magnitude of the vibration data, it becomes easy to distinguish the place where the large vibration is generated. In addition, the vibration reference value due to the allowable rattle is described in the manual or the like for each bearing portion a to n, and by comparing the detected value with the vibration value, rattling over the allowable threshold value is obtained. It can be determined whether or not it has occurred.

FIG. 5 shows another display example by the display device 12. In this example, the symbols a to n of each bearing portion are displayed together with the shape of the hydraulic excavator in the upper part of the display screen, and in the lower part as a table, vibrations are displayed. The data is displayed in order from the largest one. In this example, the size of rattling can be easily grasped.

FIG. 6 shows another display example by the display device 12, which shows the shape of the hydraulic excavator and numbers in order from the largest vibration data, and at a glance like the example of FIG. It is possible to easily understand the location of the noise. FIG. 7 is another display example by the display device 12, which is an example in which actual vibration data is displayed together with the screen of the hydraulic excavator shape.

FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the threshold value of vibration data for each bearing portion a to n is stored in the threshold memory 30 and each bearing portion a is stored. Calculation means 2 for the vibration detection value stored in the detection value memory 23 and the threshold value stored in the threshold value memory 30 for
4, the ratio (%) of the detected value to the threshold value is calculated and displayed, or the pass / fail judgment is displayed in color or shape (◯, ×, Δ, etc.). In this way, by setting different allowable values (threshold values) of vibration for each bearing portion such as individual pin size and comparing with the detected value, the bearing portion can be diagnosed according to the actual situation.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the vibration data is handled. However, the vibration data is shock (acceleration).
Since there is a correlation with the data relating to the above, the data relating to the impact may be processed by the processing device 11 instead of the vibration data or in addition to the vibration data, and may be displayed as in each of the embodiments. . Further, the detection data and the like can be stored by printing the detection information as displayed in each of the embodiments with the output device 15. If the detection calculation result is printed only by the output device 15 instead of the display device 15, the bearing portion detection device itself can be downsized. Incidentally, in the above-described embodiment, the description has been made mainly on detecting the radial play of the bearing, but in the present invention, the axial play of the bearing can also be detected.

[0027]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a sensor which is detachably attached to the pin or a member connected by the pin and which detects at least one of vibration and impact is provided, and the information detected by the sensor is displayed. Since the display device is provided, the rattling of the bearing portion can be detected objectively, easily and quickly without requiring any skill or experience.

According to the second aspect, since the detection information displayed by the display device is the location of each bearing portion where the maximum vibration or impact is obtained, for example, the bearing portion that is emitting noise can be easily performed. It becomes possible to detect.

According to the third aspect, since the detection information displayed by the display device is data indicating the magnitude of vibration or impact of each bearing portion, the degree of rattling can be known in detail.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the detection information displayed by the display device is displayed by ordering the magnitude of vibration or impact of each bearing portion, it is easy to detect the location of rattling. Becomes

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the detection information displayed by the display device is data indicating the magnitude of the vibration or impact of each bearing and the order of the magnitudes. Can be played.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the display content by the display device includes a screen displaying the shape of the target construction machine, and the detection information is displayed on the screen displaying the shape. The rattling part of the construction machine can be seen at a glance.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, instead of the display device or in addition to the display device, an output device for printing the detection information or the display content of the display device is provided, so that the detection information can be stored. .

According to the present invention, since the sensor is attached to a target portion by a magnet, the sensor can be attached / detached to / from the bearing portion with one touch.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1A is a sectional view of a bearing portion showing an example of a sensor mounting structure of a bearing condition detecting device according to the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a bearing condition detecting device according to the present invention. .

FIG. 2A is a side view of a hydraulic excavator that is an application example of the bearing status detection device of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a processing block diagram of detection signals of the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of display by a display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another example of display by the display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another example of display by the display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another example of display by the display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another example of display by the display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a processing block diagram showing another embodiment of the bearing condition detecting device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: Upper revolving structure, 2: Boom, 3: Boom cylinder,
4: arm, 5: arm cylinder, 6: bucket, 7:
Bucket cylinder, 8, 9: link, 10, 10a-1
0n: sensor, 11: processing device, 12: display device, 12
a: display screen, 13: signal line, 14: adapter, 15:
Output device, 16, 17: boss, 18: bush, 19:
Pins, 20: Magnet, 22: CPU, 23: Detected value memory, 24: Calculation means, 25: Calculated value memory, 26: Shape memory, 27: Synthesizing unit, 30: Threshold memory, a to
n: Bearing

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A device for detecting rattling of a plurality of pin / bush type bearings used in a joint portion of a construction machine, which is detachably attached to a pin or a member coupled by the pin, and at least one of vibration and impact. A bearing status detection device for a construction machine, comprising a sensor for detecting whether or not the display device displays information detected by the sensor. 2. The bearing condition detection device for a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the detection information displayed by the display device is a location where the maximum vibration or impact is obtained in each bearing portion. 3. The detection information displayed by the display device according to claim 1, is data indicating a magnitude of vibration or impact of each bearing portion. 4. The bearing status detection of a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the detection information displayed by the display device is a display in which magnitudes of vibrations or impacts of the bearings are displayed in order. apparatus. 5. The bearing of a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the detection information displayed by the display device is data indicating the magnitude of vibration or impact of each bearing and the order of the magnitude. Situation detection device. 6. The display content according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the display content of the display device includes a screen displaying the shape of the target construction machine, and a vibration or impact detection location corresponding to the screen. A bearing status detecting device for a construction machine, comprising: means for displaying. 7. The output device according to claim 1, further comprising an output device for printing the detection information or the display content of the display device instead of or in addition to the display device. Bearing condition detection device for construction machinery. 8. The bearing condition detecting device for a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the sensor is attached to a target location by a magnet.