JPH09315720A - Elevator safety device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To ensure the safety of an occupant by absorbing sufficiently an impact generated when the lifting car of an elevator goes below a specified position due to its dropping or the like. SOLUTION: When an elevating car 1 drops abnormally below a specified position, an impact sensor 12a at the front end of a rod-shaped sensor 12 and a supporting rod 12b are pushed down, by interlocking with which the opening valve of a gas tank device 10 is opened fully. As a result, high-pressure gas in the gas tank device 10 jets out to inflate a gas bag 11, therefore, an impact generated by the collision of the elevating car 1 is absorbed effectively. The impact which has not been absorbed by the gas bag 11 is absorbed in an impact spring 5b.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for ensuring safety during elevator up / down operation, and more particularly to buffering shocks generated when the elevator car falls below a predetermined position due to the fall of the elevator car or the like. The present invention relates to an elevator safety device for improving the safety.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in the hoistway of an elevator,
A safety device using a shock absorber is provided in order to ensure safety during the lifting operation.

FIG. 8 shows a sectional structure of a home elevator hoistway having a conventional safety device. As shown in this figure, in the hoistway 100, there are a hoisting car 101 that can be hoisted by hoisting and lowering a rope (not shown), and a hoistway 100 in a position lower than the landing floor 102 on the lowest floor. The shock absorber 105 fixedly installed on the pit floor 104, and the end point switches 107a, 107b, 107 attached to the lowest floor wall 103 of the hoistway 100.
c and 107d are provided.

On the side surface of the elevator car 101, a cam 106 which is long in the vertical direction is fixed on the side facing the end point switches 107a, 107b, 107c and 107d, and the end point switches 107a, 107 are associated with the lowering of the elevator car 101.
b, 107c and 107d are pressed to operate sequentially. A landing device 108 is attached to the upper end of the hoisting car 101, whereby the hoistway 1
The landing plate 109 provided for each floor of 00 is detected.

The shock absorber 105 is composed of a spring 105a and a support base 105b for supporting the spring 105a, and is capable of relieving the impact of a collision when the elevator car 101 is dropped. .

FIG. 8 shows a state where the elevator car 101 is normally landed on the bottom floor.

Next, the operation of the conventional elevator having the above structure will be described.

During normal lifting operation, the lifting car 1
The position of the flooring plate 109 provided for each floor is detected by the flooring device 108 attached to 01, and the elevator car 101 is decelerated according to the detection signal to land on the target floor.

On the other hand, when the elevator car 101 descends,
If the floor landing device 108 does not function normally for some reason, the elevator car 101 moves past a predetermined position (stop position on the lowest floor) and descends. In this case, the cam 106 of the ascending / descending car 101 actuates the end point switches 107a and 107b provided on the lowest floor, whereby the ascending / descending car 101 is decelerated. Then, it descends further and the cam 1
The elevator car 101 stops when 06 activates the end point switch 107c. Furthermore, this end point switch 107c
Does not operate normally and the elevator car 101 does not stop, the end point switch 107d operates to open the safety circuit and stop the elevator car 101. End point switch 1
When 07d does not operate and the elevator car 101 does not stop, the buffer device 105 provided on the pit floor 104 exerts a buffering function to prevent the elevator car 101 from colliding with the pit floor 104.

[0010]

As described above, the elevator has conventionally been required to have double and triple safety devices. However, should the elevating car 101 fall to the position of the shock absorber 105, even if it is damped by the spring 105a, a considerable shock may occur depending on the speed. Especially in the case of a home elevator, it is necessary to absorb this shock as much as possible because it may be used by the elderly and people with physical disabilities.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to sufficiently absorb the impact generated when the elevator car falls below a predetermined position due to a fall or the like to ensure the safety of an occupant. It is to provide a safety device for an elevator that can do the work.

[0012]

The elevator safety device according to claim 1 is arranged in an elevator hoistway, and an elevator car moving up and down in the hoistway reaches a position beyond a predetermined range. Detection means for detecting that
Arranged in the hoistway of the elevator, when the detection means detects that the elevator car has reached a position exceeding a predetermined range, it is filled with gas and inflates,
And a gas bag that absorbs impact when the elevator car collides with a structure in the hoistway.

In this elevator safety device, when the elevator car deviates from the original vertical movement range, the gas bag is filled with gas and inflates, and the impact due to the collision with the elevator car and the structure in the hoistway is absorbed. .

The elevator safety device according to claim 2 is
The elevator safety device according to claim 1, further comprising: a hole-piercing member that is provided in the elevator car to make a hole in the gas bag by contact, and when the elevator car collides with the gas bag, the gas inside the hole is released. It is configured to be gradually released.

In this elevator safety device, at the moment when the elevator car collides with the gas bag, a hole is made in the gas bag and a part of the gas flows out. The recoil motion of the elevator car is alleviated.

The safety device for an elevator according to claim 3 comprises:
In the elevator safety device according to the first aspect of the present invention, a predetermined range serving as a detection reference of the detection means can be arbitrarily and variably set.

In this elevator safety device, the operation timing of the gas bag (the timing at which the gas bag is filled with gas and inflated) can be appropriately set according to the moving speed of the elevator car.

The elevator safety device according to claim 4 is:
The elevator safety device according to claim 1, further comprising a desorption tool used when the gas bag is replaced, which is provided in a mounting portion of the gas bag.

In this elevator safety device, the use of the attaching / detaching tool facilitates replacement of the used (after operation) gas bag.

The elevator safety device according to claim 5 is:
The safety device for an elevator according to claim 1, wherein the gas bag has at least a double structure.

In this elevator safety device, since the gas bag has a multiple structure, the risk that the gas bag is completely damaged by the collision of the elevator car is reduced.

A safety device for an elevator according to claim 6,
The elevator safety device according to claim 1, wherein the gas bag has a bellows structure.

In this elevator safety device, since the gas bag has the bellows structure, it is easy to reset (restore the original shape) the gas bag after it is once operated, which is convenient for maintenance.

[0024]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a partially broken structure of a shock absorber as a safety device for an elevator according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, only the pit floor 4 is shown for the elevator hoistway, and the other parts (walls, etc.) are omitted.

As shown in FIG. 1, this shock absorber is mounted on a spring 5a, a cylindrical support 5b for supporting the spring 5a, a gas tank device 10 installed in the support 5b, and an upper end of the gas tank device 10. Gas bag 11 and elevator car 1
And a retractable rod-shaped sensor 12 for detecting that the vehicle has descended below a predetermined position.

The rod-shaped sensor 12 includes an impact sensor 12a for detecting an impact when the elevator car 1 is abnormally lowered and its lower end collides, a support rod 12b for supporting the impact sensor 12a, and an extension / contraction of the support rod 12b. It is provided with a hollow fixed tube 12c that supports it freely.

The gas tank device 10 is filled with a non-flammable, non-ignitable and harmless gas (for example, air) under high pressure. The gas filled here is rapidly released into the gas bag 11 by fully opening an opening valve (not shown) which is interlocked with the impact sensing of the impact sensor 12a of the rod-shaped sensor 12. In this case, the interlocking with the impact detection may be performed electrically or mechanically. However, since it does not require electric power in the case of performing mechanically, it is possible to surely inflate the gas bag 11 even when the elevator car 1 is dropped and a power failure occurs at the same time due to an earthquake or the like.

In order to mechanically fully open the release valve in conjunction with impact detection, for example, the support rod 1 in the fixed tube 12c is used.
A flexible rod-shaped member (not shown) is connected to the lower end of 2b, and this rod-shaped member moves in the fixed pipe 12c due to the lowering of the support rod 12b and pushes the operating portion of the open valve of the gas tank device 10 It should be in a fully opened state.

Next, the operation of the shock absorber having the above structure will be described.

When the elevator car 1 descends below a predetermined position for some reason, the lower surface of the elevator car 1 has a bar-shaped sensor 1
The high pressure gas is released by contacting the impact sensor 12a of No. 2 and the open valve of the gas tank device 10 is fully opened. As a result, the gas bag 11 is rapidly filled with the gas, and the gas bag 11 is inflated as shown in FIG. The impact sensor 12a and the support rod 12b of the rod-shaped sensor 12 detect the lower surface of the elevator car 1 and are pushed down following the lowering of the elevator car 1, but the inflated gas bag 11 causes the elevator car 1 to move.
Since the kinetic energy of is absorbed and the descending speed is reduced and finally stopped, the rod-shaped sensor 12 is prevented from being damaged. Furthermore, in addition to the cushioning by the gas bag 11, the spring 5a
Since it also has a buffering effect, the kinetic energy of the elevator car 1 that could not be absorbed by the gas bag 11 alone can be absorbed, and the lower surface of the elevator car 1 can be reliably prevented from colliding with the support base 5b. You can

As described above, according to the present embodiment, when the elevator car 1 is abnormally lowered due to a failure of the electric system or the like, the gas tank device is instantly operated to inflate the gas bag 11 and absorb the shock. Therefore, the cushioning action is greater than that of a cushioning device using a spring, and an elderly person or a person with a physical disability can use the elevator with peace of mind. Moreover, even if the gas bag 11 does not swell or the buffering by the gas bag 11 is insufficient, the spring 5a is present, so that fail-safe can be achieved.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 3 shows a partially broken structure of a shock absorber as an elevator safety device according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, the same parts as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.

In this embodiment, the support base 5 of the shock absorber 5 is used.
Air is constantly supplied into the gas bag 11 to inflate it by the motor fan 13 installed in b, and the elevator car 1
The pins 14 are arranged on the lower surface of the elevator car 1, and when the elevator car 1 descends beyond a predetermined position, the pins 14 of the elevator car 1 are connected to the gas bag 11
To make a hole and gradually deflate the gas bag 11. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.

In this embodiment, the elevator car 1 is the gas bag 1
Since the air pressure in the gas bag 11 is released at the moment of collision with 1, the rebounding motion that occurs when the elevator car 1 collides with the gas bag 11 can be mitigated and given to the occupants in the elevator car 1. The shock can be further reduced.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 4 shows another configuration example of the rod-shaped sensor 12. In the present embodiment, the support rod 12b is divided into two portions 12b1 and 12b2, and the portions between them are connected by an operating point adjusting tube 12d so that the height of the operating point of the impact sensor 12a can be adjusted, and the fixed tube 12c. A lateral hole is provided at a predetermined position on the peripheral surface of the device so that the operation stopping rod 12e can be inserted therein. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.

In the present embodiment, by adjusting the length of the support rod 12b according to the ascending / descending speed of the ascending / descending car 1,
The operating point of the gas bag 11 can be adjusted to the optimum position, and the buffering operation with the least impact can be performed. Further, the rod-shaped sensor 12 is provided with an operation stopping hole 12D, and the fixed tube 12c
By inserting the operation stopping rod 12e into the lateral hole of the support rod 12b, the support rod 12b is prevented from descending beyond the insertion position of the operation stopping rod 12e, so that the rod-shaped sensor 12 malfunctions when the elevator is not in operation. Can be prevented.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 5 shows a structure of a shock absorber according to another embodiment of the present invention with a part broken away. As shown in this figure, in the present embodiment, the gas tank device 1
A gas bag desorption tool 15 is attached between 0 and the gas bag 11. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.

In this embodiment, when the gas bag 11 after operation is removed and replaced with a new gas bag, the gas bag attaching / detaching tool 15 is used.
To use. As a result, the used gas bag 11 can be easily removed from between the springs 5a.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 6 shows a partially broken structure of a shock absorber according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in this figure, in the present embodiment, the buffer portion including the spring 5a, the support base 5b and the gas bag 11, the spring 5a ',
A support table 5b 'and a buffer section consisting of a gas bag 11' are arranged side by side on the pit floor 4, and the gas tank device 1 is also provided.
0 is provided outside the support bases 5b and 5b '. Bar sensor 1
2 is directly connected and arranged on the gas tank device 10. The pipe 16a connects between the gas tank device 10 and the gas bag 11, and the pipe 16b connects between the gas bag 11 and the gas bag 11 '.
Connect with. Here, the size of the gas bag 11 '(the height from the pit floor 4 to the upper end) is inflated.
Choose to be smaller than.

In the present embodiment, when the rod-shaped sensor 12 senses an impact, the gas tank device 10 is activated, and the larger gas bag 11 is inflated by the gas rapidly charged through the pipe 16a, and the elevator car 1 is lifted. Absorb shock.
Following that, the smaller gas bag 11 'is pipe 16b.
Inflated by the gas rapidly filled through the gas bag 1
Absorbs the impact that could not be completely absorbed in 1.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the impact when the elevator car 1 is abnormally lowered is provided with two large and small gas bags 11, 1.
Since it is absorbed in two stages by 1 ', a better buffering effect can be obtained.

In this embodiment, one gas tank device 10 is used to operate the two gas bags 11 and 11 '. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a gas tank device is provided for each gas bag. , May be operated separately. In this case, even if one of the gas tank devices does not operate or one of the gas bags is broken and does not expand, the other gas bag can operate to soften the shock and fail safe. Can be achieved.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 7 shows a partially broken structure of a shock absorber according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in this figure, in the present embodiment, the gas bag 11 is formed into a bellows shape having a restoring property. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.

In the present embodiment, by forming the gas bag 11 into a bellows shape, as long as the gas bag 11 can be used without being damaged even after the operation, the gas bag 11 is returned to the original shape as shown in FIG. It is easy to reuse because it can be restored and re-installed.

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to some embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the equivalent range. For example, in each of the above-described embodiments, a spring is provided in addition to the gas bag, but only the gas bag may be installed.

Although the gas bag may basically have a single-layered structure, it may have a double-layered structure or more in order to secure its strength. As a result, it is possible to reduce the risk that the gas bag 11 is completely damaged when the elevator car 1 collides with the gas bag 11 and the elevator car 1 collides with the support base 5b.

In each of the above embodiments, the case where the shock absorber is arranged at the bottom of the hoistway has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the shock absorber is installed on the ceiling of the hoistway as necessary. Alternatively, the shock absorber may be arranged on the upper surface or the lower surface of the lifting body. Furthermore, it is also possible to arrange them in these plural places.

[0054]

As described above, according to the elevator safety device of the present invention, when the elevator car deviates from the original vertical movement range, the gas bag is filled with gas and inflates, and the elevator car and the hoistway. Since the impact due to the collision with the internal structure is absorbed, the buffering effect is large as compared with the case where the spring is used as in the conventional case. Therefore, for example, when applied to home elevators that are often used by elderly people and people with physical disabilities, the safety of these people can be ensured more reliably.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway sectional view showing a structure of a shock absorber as a safety device for an elevator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway sectional view showing an operating state of the shock absorber of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway cross-sectional view showing a structure of a shock absorber as a safety device for an elevator according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a rod-shaped sensor.

FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway sectional view showing the structure of a shock absorber as a safety device for an elevator according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway sectional view showing a structure of a shock absorber as a safety device for an elevator according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway sectional view showing an operating state of a shock absorber as a safety device for an elevator according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a side view showing a hoistway structure of an elevator to which a conventional safety device is applied.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Lifting Basket, 4 Pit Floor, 5 Shock Absorber, 5a Spring, 5b Support, 10 Gas Tank Device, 11 Gas Bag, 12 Bar Sensor, 12a Impact Sensor, 12b
Support rod, 12c fixed tube, 12d operating point adjustment tube, 12
e Stop bar, 13 motor fan, 14 pin, 1
5 Gas bag desorption tool.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A detection means arranged in an elevator hoistway for detecting that an elevator car moving up and down in the hoistway has reached a position exceeding a predetermined range, and a detector arranged in the elevator hoistway. A safety device for an elevator, which is provided with a gas bag that is filled with gas when detected by the detection means and inflates, and absorbs a shock when the elevator car collides with a structure in a hoistway. . 2. The elevator car is provided with a piercing member for making a hole in the gas bag by contact, and gradually releases the gas therein when the elevator car collides with the gas bag. The safety device for an elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that. 3. The elevator safety device according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined range serving as a detection reference of the detecting means is arbitrarily variable. 4. The elevator safety device according to claim 1, further comprising a desorption tool used when replacing the gas bag, in a mounting portion of the gas bag. 5. The elevator safety device according to claim 1, wherein the gas bag has at least a double structure. 6. The elevator safety device according to claim 1, wherein the gas bag has a bellows structure.