JPH09311643A - Electric capillary tube display sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a different method for manufacturing an electronic display sheet by applying such constitution as expanding liquid small drops when an electrode means is energized. SOLUTION: Plural small drops 24 staying between two sheets separated from each other are utilized by an electric capillary display 10. Below these respective small drops 24, electrodes 16 by which an insulation layer insulates the small drops 24 from the electrodes 16 is provided. By applying a voltage between these respective electrodes 1 and these responding small drops 24, corresponding small drops 24 are expanded. The expanded small drops 24 can be used as pixels. Accordingly, by applying a voltage to the selected small drops 24, a screen image can be formed. Hereat, plural liquid small drops 24 subjected to color application or to ornamental use of color are arranged on a high surface energy plate 20 as if covering on a high surface energy plate 20. Respective high surface energy plate 20 capable of making address allocation individually applies electric connection to one of small drops 24.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention is an electrocapillary display.
Lay sheet, or more specifically, each droplet is charged directly to the droplet.
Occupies a larger space by applying a field
Can be magnified to turn on and off pixels in the image
Smaller by removing the electric field to form
Two transparents that can be contracted to occupy space
Utilizes multiple colored polar liquid droplets between light sheets
The present invention relates to an electrocapillary display sheet.

[0002]

[Prior art] Proposed sheet format display device
The equipment is a thin sheet that has many of the attributes of a paper document.
I am. This display device looks like paper,
It has the function of an ambient light valve similar to paper (if ambient light is bright,
The more it can be seen easily) of the paper
It's as flexible as it is, portable like paper, and
Can be written on and copied like paper
And has the recording power of almost paper.

[0003] The display panels are different on each hemisphere.
"Twist" composed of multiple spherical particles with
US special feature called "Ball Panel Display"
Electronic display systems such as Xu 4,126,854
There are different ways of manufacturing the hood. Applied to each spherical particle
One of the hemispheres is displayed according to the direction of the generated electric field. This
In the case of black and white display sheets, each ball
Has a black and white hemisphere. The black and white hemispheres of spherical particles are
You can choose to display images or text.

[0004]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The purpose of the present invention is to
Offers different ways to manufacture display sheets
To do.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] Separated from each other
Electrocapillary disk that utilizes multiple droplets between two sheets
Play is disclosed. Below each droplet is a small insulating layer.
There are electrodes that insulate the drops from the electrodes. Each electrode and its
By applying a voltage between the corresponding droplets,
The corresponding droplet spreads. The spread droplets are used as pixels.
Can be used. Therefore, voltage is applied to the selected droplet.
An image can be formed by applying the voltage.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Referring to FIG. 1, the electricity of the present invention
An enlarged portion of the cross section of the capillary display sheet 10 is shown.
ing. The electrocapillary display sheet 10 includes a substrate 12
And a transparent sheet 14. Substrate 12 and sheet
14 are substantially parallel to each other and are separated from each other.

[0007] Conductive electrodes that are multiple squares and are transparent
The pole 16 is placed on the substrate 12. The board is a glass
Such as Su, Teflon, Polycarbonate & Acrylic
It may be made of material and the electrodes may be gold, platinum or stainless steel.
Stainless steel, such as nickel, silver and indium oxide / tin
It may be made of material. The electrode 16 is circular or square
It can have different shapes. In a preferred embodiment of the invention
The electrodes 16 are designed to have a square shape
I have. Each electrode 16 is approximately equal to the pixel area of the image.
Have a large area. A low surface is provided on the substrate 12 and the electrode 16.
There is a layer of surface energy insulator 18. Multiple high surface energy
Lugie plate 20 is on top of the low surface energy insulator 18.
Has been placed. Each surface of the high surface energy plate 20
The rates are aligned so that they are above the electrodes 16. Low
The surface energy insulator 18 makes the electrode 16 a high surface energy.
Insulate from ghee plate 20.

[0008] The low surface insulator layer 18 is applied to the surface as a sheet.
Combined or sputtering or chemical vapor deposition process
Evaporated Teflon (DuPont) or other
It may be a perfluorinated polymer layer. It also
Sylgard manufactured by Dow Corning
d) even a silicone elastomer such as 184
Good. It is also a Fluora manufactured by 3M
Fluorad Perfluorine like FC725
Parylene lined with derivatized polymer (Parylene
e) 2 or more such as (Product of Union Carbide)
It may be a layered structure. High surface energy plate
20 is gold, platinum, indium oxide / tin, or nickel
It is made of materials like le.

[0009] Referring to FIG. 2, an electrocapillary display
A plan view of the seat 10 is shown. Sheet 10 electrodes
16 indicates that the electrode has both the width W and the surface length L of the sheet 10.
Placed adjacent to each other to form parallel lines along
Have been. The electrodes 16 of size n × n are spaced apart from each other.
Separation d₁It is located in. Each electrode has a pixel size
Since they have the same size, the size n is the size of the pixel.
It is regulated by Distance d₁Is 0.001n and 0.
It is in the range between 05n.

[0010] Electrode 16 and low surface energy insulator 18
It should be noted that is transparent. High surface energy
The electrode 20 may also be transparent.

[0011] Referring back to FIG. 1, the coloring or coloring
The plurality of droplets 24 of the liquid 11 that has been ejected is one
High surface energy to cover the surface energy plate 20
Is arranged on the plate 20. Individually address
Each of the high surface energy plates 20 that can be specified is a small
An electrical connection is provided to one of the drops 24. In addition, high surface
The energy plate 20 also has a liquid droplet
Droplets 24 due to the fact that
It tends to adhere to the substrate 12. High surface energy pre
Since the port 20 provides an electrical connection to the droplet 24,
"High surface energy plate" is called "connecting plate"
Devour.

[0012] Once electrode 16, low surface energy insulator
18, the connection plate 20 and the droplets 24 are placed on the substrate 12.
When placed, the sheet 14 is bonded to the substrate 12.

[0013] Referring to FIG. 3, the substrate 12 and the sheet 14
An example of how to combine and is shown. Board 12
And the seat 14 are appropriately separated from each other and
The frame wiring around the periphery of the spray sheet 10.
It is connected to the frame 17. Frame 17 and substrate 12 and
And the sheet 14 is glass, the bond is on the abutment surface.
Glass that has been applied to the glass and then heated to its melting temperature.
Can be done by lit. This bond is also an epoxy
-Or some other binding resin.
Substrate 12 and sheet 14 are all Teflon or Mylar
If it is made of plastic material
Heat achieved by means well known in the art.
It may be welding. Once the substrate 12 is bonded to the sheet 14.
Then, the space 13 between the substrate 12 and the sheet 14 becomes tight.
It becomes the closed space 22. The space 22 is the maximum height of the droplet 24
Must be at least greater than.

[0014] Referring back to FIG. 1, by droplet 24
The rest of the enclosed space 22 not occupied by air
Dow Corning 200 Series
Silicon Oil, Exxon's Isopar
r) or 3M Fluorinert (Fluori)
low surface energy liquids such as_TwoFilled with
May be. Liquid l₁Droplets 24 are water, alcohol
, Acetone, formamide, ethylene glycol and
Colored polar such as mixtures of these with other suitable liquids
Made of liquid. Liquid l₁24 drops of liquid and l_TwoIs
It doesn't mix.

[0015] The present invention is generally referred to as "electrocapillarity".
Just in case. This is the change in surface tension with respect to the electric field.
In relation to the conversion 1
Lloyd's Eye Odipo, published in 962 (Llo
yd I Discussed in "Surface Chemistry" by Osipow)
I have. The structure shown in FIG. 1 relates to the electrocapillary concept.
Spread the droplet of liquid by using the effect or
Designed to shrink a droplet of liquid. Of the present invention
To understand the disclosed embodiment, we will examine the electrocapillary concept.
It is necessary to discuss.

[0016] Referring to FIG. 4, two different
Two identically sized droplets a and b of a liquid of
Have been. The droplet b is spread out and small so that it can be observed.
The drop a is made like a beaded ball upward. as a result,
The droplet b has a surface area S occupied by the droplet a._TwoTable larger than
Area S₁Occupy Why two liquids have different surface areas
Is the surface where each liquid produces a specific contact angle with a given surface
Has a predetermined energy relationship with. Liquid and surface
The lower the interaction energy between
The antennae are larger and the shared area is smaller.

[0017] Referring to FIG. 5, the contact angle α is the surface
Is the angle between 34 and the tangent line 36 of the liquid droplet 38.
You. The contact angle α of each liquid with respect to a given surface is
Properties (eg surface tension) and surface properties (eg surface tension)
Energy).

[0018] Referring to FIG. 6, the contact angle α₁And α_Two
The two droplets a and b of FIG. small
Some liquids, such as the liquid in drop b, are droplets of that liquid.
Large surface S₁Acute contact angle α_TwoHaving. I
However, some liquid, such as the liquid in droplet a,
One of these liquids of the same size has an acute contact angle.
Surface area S occupied by the flowing liquid₁Much smaller than
Surface area S_TwoObtuse contact angle α₁Having.

[0019] Further, referring to FIG.
Experiments with a droplet c deposited on a thin insulating surface 48
And a voltage V is applied between the electrode 49 and the electrode 49 just below the surface 48.
This creates an electric field whose contact angle is altered.
Is decided. Depending on the voltage applied to the liquid,
The contact angle can be modified to the desired angle.

[0020] In FIG. 7, from left to right, before applying the voltage V,
During the application of voltage V, after removal of voltage V, a droplet c is shown
I have. As can be observed, the droplet c before the application of the voltage V is
Towards the side like a bead, obtuse angle α_ThreeHaving. Voltage
During the application of V, the contact angle of the droplet c is an acute angle α._FourAnd the result
As the droplet expands. After removal of voltage V, contact of droplets
The angle is its first obtuse angle α_ThreeAs a result, small droplets
Is again beaded up.

[0021] If the voltage is turned off
Remain in the electrode and, as a result, the droplet remains spread
It should be noted that However, small drops
If the electrode is discharged, the liquid will bead up to the beads.
Is done. As used herein, the term "electric field is removed"
Means "droplets and electrodes are discharged".

[0022] By modifying the contact angle from obtuse to acute
Therefore, the droplet has its initial surface area (the droplet is applied with the voltage V).
It occupies a larger surface area than the previously occupied surface). one
When the reference voltage V is removed, the droplet contracts and its first surface
Return to the area. Silicone elastomer coated on the conductor
Voltage V on liquids such as water and mercury on surfaces such as mer
, The surface area is increased more than 10 times.
Experiments have shown that this can be done. In addition, Teff
Utilizing Ron-coated parylene-like surfaces
Depending on the surface area of water or mercury, the range between 20 and 30
It can be increased by the ratio in the box.

[0023] Surface area of liquid by applying voltage
The concept of increasing the surface area to meet the demand
Books to expand the surface area of colored or colored liquids for
Used in invention.

[0024] Referring back to FIG. 1, the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
In another embodiment, the attachment to the low surface energy insulator 18 is
The contact angle of colored or colored droplets 24 exceeds 90 °
Has been selected. It has a lower surface tension,
Body l₁Liquid l)_TwoThere is a second liquid like
Liquid l for a surface₁Liquid contact such as
It is well known that antennae are greatly increased. This is Figure 8 and
And FIG. 9.

[0025] In FIG. 8, the liquid droplet d is distributed on the surface 50.
Is placed. Droplet d surrounded by air 52 makes sharp contact
Angle α_FiveHaving. However, in FIG. 9, the droplets of FIG.
A droplet d'which is the same as d is surrounded by a different liquid 54,
Located on surface 50 'which is the same as surface 50 in FIG.
I have. As can be seen, in FIG. 9, the liquid 54 is a droplet.
obtuse angle α in d '₆To have. As a result
Are polar liquids / low energies that are very useful in the practice of the invention.
It can be used to greatly increase the number of useful bonds on the energy surface.
Can be used.

[0026] Referring back to FIG. 1, during operation, individually
Addressable voltage V₁For each droplet 24 (connect
At a rate of 20) and its corresponding electrode 16
Have been. For the purpose of simplicity, one drop 24
Voltage V to₁Connection and its corresponding voltage V₁Only shown
Have been. Voltage V₁Is DC or AC
Good. In the case of a DC voltage, the electrode 16 has a voltage V of one polarity.
₁Connected to the opposite polarity voltage V₁Contacts the connection plate 20
Has been continued. The connection plate 20 is electrically connected to the droplet 24.
The droplet 24 is compared to the potential of the electrode 16 because it provides a connection.
It has the opposite potential.

[0027] Once voltage V₁When turned on, low surface
Anti-polarity of the electrode 16 directly below the energy insulator 18
Anti-polar droplet 24 reduces the contact angle of droplet 24.
As a result, the voltage V₁Is activated, the corresponding small
Droplets 24 spread and occupy a larger surface area.

[0028] In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the electrode 16
Is the voltage V₁From the voltage source that produces
Has an opening 19 to provide a path for connection in
It should be noted that. However, inside the electrode 16
It is not necessary to have an opening at. Voltage V₁Generate voltage source
To the connecting plate 20 through any desired path.
Can be connected. Depending on the desired route, the connection
Sometimes the connection to rate 20 needs to be transparent
It should be noted that

[0029] In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the droplet 24
Exceeds 90 ° for low surface energy insulators 18
Liquid having a contact angle of Similarly, the present invention
In a preferred embodiment of the low surface energy insulator 18
Is about 0.3 micron thick FC723 film
About 0.2 micron parylene lane C
Selected to be a film. Therefore, 30 ~
Voltages in the range of 40 volts are for preferred embodiments of the invention.
By applying to the droplet, the droplet is
Occupies a surface area as large as 20 times the product
Spread out. Voltage V₁And at the same time remove 24
Looks like a beaded ball up to its first shape and is small
It occupies a smaller surface area than if the drop had spread.

[0030] The amount of liquid in each drop is 24
If the surface area of is expanded to 20 times the original area,
So that the drop occupies an area equal to the pixel area of the image
Is selected. Assume colored or colored liquid is black
And then, after the droplet spreads, the droplet forms a black pixel
To achieve. However, the voltage created by the applied voltage
The field (the electrode is energized) is removed and the droplet is first
When returned to the shape, the initial surface area is the pixel surface area
Much smaller (1 / 20th) than its original shape
The droplet is less visible than if it were spread.
Therefore, each electric field activates or deactivates the appropriate electric field.
Be individually addressed by
Picture can be electrocapillary display sheet
10 can be displayed.

[0031] The size of the electrode 16 compared to the size of the droplet 24
It should be noted that the scale is not drawn to scale.
is there.

[0032] Liquid l₁And l_TwoAre the same or almost the same
It is highly desirable to have the same specific gravity. With this,
Significantly free from mechanical shock damage. Portion each droplet
Mechanical impact is further eliminated by mechanical encapsulation
Can be

[0033] Referring to FIG. 10, another electric hair of the present invention
A tube display is shown. In FIG. 10, element 6
2, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72 and 74 are all the same
Then, the elements 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22 of FIG.
And 24 can serve the same purpose. In Figure 10
Is rigid or semi-rigid, dielectric, transparent, colored or worn
The colored structure 73 is located in the space 22 of FIG.
You. The structure 73 has a plurality of cavities 76. Each cavity 76
Contains one drop 74. Cavity 76 is the application of voltage
It also accepts changes in droplet shape caused by.

[0034] The rigid structure 73 may be injection molded.
Otherwise, acrylic or polycarbonate
It may be manufactured from transparent plastic such as. This structure
The structure may be cast from epoxy or other resin.
A small drop 74 hits the structure during violent impact
If the conductive droplets 74 do not easily adhere to the
It is. The structure 73 is also manufactured by Dow Corning
Manufactured from silicone elastomer such as guard 184
May be done. In this latter case, first the droplet 74 would be suitable.
Remaining space put aside and not occupied by droplet 74
78 is straightened with hardener added
Filled with elastomer. Elastomer cured
The periodic voltage is generated between the conductive droplet 74 and the electrode 66.
Applied in between, causing the droplets 74 to deform periodically. This station
Limited motion of the elastomer, in close proximity to the droplet
To prevent some of the elastomer
The rest of the elastomer then cures. Like this, the sky
The cavities are formed around the droplets and these cavities are
It is filled. The display is seen through the seat 64
Then the structure 73 must be transparent.
It should be noted.

[0035] In the cavity 76, the space 7 around the droplet 74
8 filled with a non-conductive, colored, transparent liquid 13
Can be The electrocapillary display sheet of the present invention
The screen 10 displays an image of the electrocapillary display sheet 10.
Placed on a projector to project on a clean
It can be used as a transparent display. did
So it's an image of a spreading droplet projected on the screen
The dark pixel or subpixel depends on the size of the electrode.
Seen as xels, the light has its droplets expanded outwards
If not, it will pass through the pixel, so a bright spot will
Formed on a clean.

[0036] A piece of blank paper is not used to see
Dark dye or pigment, if placed adjacent to the face
Is used for droplet liquids, blank paper will
Become a splay.

[0037] Display sheets 10 and 60 are images
In order to continue to display the addressing voltage (
The voltage applied to the pole 16 and the connecting plate 20 and FIG.
Voltage applied to the electrode 66 and the connection plate 70 of
It is necessary to apply the pattern constantly. Acty
The bus matrix addressing circuit is
Supply the pattern.

[0038] However, experimentally, some voltage
As shown in Fig. 7, it is applied to the droplet, and the voltage source
If removed, the droplet 74 and electrode 66 will capacitively store.
The accumulated charge takes a long time until the charge is discharged.
Holds the shape of the droplet deformed by the voltage for a period of time.

[0039] In Figure 1, the use of continuous electric fields or accumulated charges
One way to create an independent storage mechanism is 12
Is using a thixotropic liquid for. this
Such liquids have a high viscosity and a dynamic
It has a very low viscosity under shear conditions. Small drops
A considerable amount of droplets suddenly exist when addressed
Liquid with force near droplet_TwoReduce the viscosity of the
Liquid l₁Allows for almost the maximum expansion of. Ad
The voltage supplied by the circuit
Liquid that can be reduced and near the droplet_TwoThe high
Allows to return to viscosity and efficiently droplets to their expanded state
Hold vaguely. Erase is better than addressing voltage
Probably done by an oscillating electric field of high voltage. This is a small drop
A short-term reduction in the viscosity of the liquid by inducing vibration
Cause lower.

[0040] Some apps for such displays
For applications, you can write on paper with a pen or pencil.
Writing directly on the display with a stylus so that you can
It is desirable to be able to.

[0041] Referring to FIG. 11, used with a stylus
Capacitive display sheet designed to
It is shown. In FIG. 11, elements 82, 84, 86, 8
8, 90, 92 and 94 are the same and are the same as element 12, FIG.
Same as 14, 16, 18, 20, 22 and 24 respectively
It can be used for the same purpose. In Figure 1, multiple conductive plates
96 is arranged on the surface 98 of the substrate 82. Conductive
Each plate of rate 96 is electrically connected to the connecting plate 90.
It has a connecting portion 100. Each connection part of the electrical connection part 100
Is used with cathode ray tube addressing electrostatic write means.
Sometimes it is made of metal such as the pin plate used
Alternatively, it may be a conductive plate.

[0042] The electrical connection 100 is from the plate 96
At the connection 90, the charge is finally transferred to the droplet 94. All trains
The pole 86 is connected to one terminal of a power source P such as a battery.
The other terminal of the power source P is a conductive tip of the stylus 102.
Connected to the end. The conductive plate 96 is not transparent
I have to. One electrode for purposes of simplicity
Only the connection between 86 and the power source P is shown.

[0043] During operation, the stylus 102 is at the bottom surface 98.
As it moves across the
The electric charge at the tip of the iras 102 causes the electrical connection 100 to
Through to the connection plate 90. Drop 94 and electric
Due to the opposite polarity of the charge on pole 86, droplet 94 expands and charges
Cover the surface 87 directly above the pole 86. Small depending on the voltage of the power supply
Drop 94 has been used up to cover the entire area directly above electrode 86
Or the droplet 94 may be located directly above the electrode 86.
Not very exhausted to partially cover the area. But
So by choosing the right voltage from the power supply,
Gray scales can be formed.

[0044] Image in electric capillary display sheet
Is the capacitive stored charge or thixotropic property in the space 92.
Retained by other means such as liquid.

[0045] Referring to FIG. 12, deletion of the image of FIG.
Make the stylus as soft as a conductive brush
Replace with a wide contact area electrode 104, which is preferred
Achieved by This wide contact area electrode 104
Must be connected to all electrodes 86. Make it easy
For the purpose, one of the electrodes 86 and the wide contact area electrode 1
Only the connection with 04 is shown. Therefore wide
By placing the contact area electrode 106 on the surface 98,
The electrode 86 and the connection plate 90 are both short-circuited,
Move the drops back to their original shape and erase the image
You.

[0046] Referring to FIG. 13, still another embodiment of the present invention.
An alternative capacitive display sheet 110 is shown
You. In FIG. 13, elements 112, 114, 116, 11
8, 120, 122, 124, 126 and 128 are all
The same, elements 82, 84, 86, 88, 9 of FIG.
It can be used for the same purpose as each of 0, 92 and 94.
In FIG. 13, each plate of plates 126 is
One of the electrodes 116 is connected by the air connection 130.
Has been continued. In this method, all the connection plates 120
Is connected to one terminal of the power supply and the tip of the stylus 132
The end is connected to the terminal on the opposite side of the power supply. Easy
For the purpose of
Only the continuation is shown. Stylus 132 is at the bottom
As it moves across the surface 128, the connecting plate and droplets
The electric charge at the tip of the stylus 132, which is opposite to the electric charge at 124,
The load is transferred to the electrode 116 through the electrical connection 130.
It is. Due to the opposite polarities of the charges on the droplet 124 and the electrode 116,
The droplet 124 then expands.

[0047] In both FIG. 12 and FIG.
The load is the droplet 94 and the electrode 86 of FIG. 11 and the droplet 1 of FIG.
24 and the electrode 116. As a result,
When the source is removed, the accumulated charge holds the droplet in its expanded shape
I do.

[0048] The electrocapillary display sheet of the present invention is
It can be modified to display a natural color image.
Referring to FIG. 14, a color electrocapillary display sheet is shown.
A top view of the boot 140 is shown. In this method, four
Dedicate electrodes to each pixel with different coloring across each electrode
Droplets (eg red l_R, Green l_G, Blue l_B) Should be placed
Allows the color electrocapillary display sheet 140
Can be generated. For example, pixel P₁And P_Two
Each pixel has three electrodes 142_R, 142_GAnd 142
_BContains. Electrode 142_RBreaks red conductive liquid droplets
Applied and electrode 142_GAssigns green conductive liquid droplets
The electrode 142_BAssigned a blue conductive liquid droplet
ing. In this method, each working electrode has a different color sub-pixel.
Form a pixel and each pixel has three electrodes
So the combination of 3 sub-pixels is 1 colored pixel
Will be displayed as Therefore, the appropriate voltage for each pixel
Different colors can be applied to each pixel by selecting poles
Can be formed on. Non-conductive liquid is white
If you have a white background, a display like this
Indicates a pastel color.

[0049] Yet another way to achieve color
Aligns one sheet for each color into pixels
Two or more displays, one on top of the other
Is to have a stack of sheets. In this case, color reduction
Dyes (cyan, magenta and yellow) are the best to use
doing. A very wide color range is available.

[Brief description of drawings]  1 is a cross section of an electrocapillary display sheet of the present invention.
The enlarged part of a figure is shown.  FIG. 2 Plan view of the electrocapillary display sheet of FIG.
Is shown.  FIG. 3 Bonds the substrate 12 and sheet 14 of FIG. 1 together
Here is an example of how to do this. _[ Figure 4 Same size of two different kinds of liquid on the surface
Of small droplets.  FIG. 5 is the angle between the tangent line of the liquid droplet and the contact surface.
Indicates a contact angle.  6 shows the two droplets of FIG. 4 with the contact angle of FIG.
You.  FIG. 7 Before applying the electric field, during applying the electric field, after removing the electric field
3 shows three stages of droplets.  FIG. 8 Surrounded by air and has a sharp contact angle
Shows a droplet that does.  [Figure 9] Surrounded by liquid and with a sharp angle in the presence of liquid
8 shows the droplet of FIG.  FIG. 10 Another electrocapillary display sheet of the present invention
Is shown.  FIG. 11 Designed to be used with a stylus
2 shows an electrocapillary display sheet that is being used.  FIG. 12 shows how the display sheet of FIG.
It is a figure which shows whether it is deleted by doing.  FIG. 13 Designed to be used with a stylus
3 shows another electrocapillary display sheet that is being used.  FIG. 14 The color electrocapillary display sheet of the present invention
Indicates the  [Explanation of symbols]  10_:Electric capillary display sheet  12: substrate  14: Transparent sheet  13: space  18_:Low surface energy insulator  16: electrode  20: High surface energy plate  22_:space  24_:Small drop

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A display device comprising:  The first sheet,  A second sheet,  The first sheet has an outer surface and an inner surface;  The second sheet has an outer surface and an inner surface;  Inner surface of the first sheet and inner surface of the second sheet
An enclosed space between  The first sheet has a first type of electrode hand on the inner surface.
Having a step,  An insulating layer,  The insulating layer is placed on the electrode means of the first type.
And that  Placed on the insulating layer and exposed to the enclosed space
A second type of electrode means,  The insulating layer serves to connect the first type of electrode means to the second type of electrode means.
Configured and arranged to insulate from any kind of electrode means
Being done,  Liquid droplets,  The liquid droplet covers the second type of electrode means.
Being placed in the closed space,  The first type electrode means and the second type electrode hand
Means for urging the step,  The first type electrode means and the second type electrode hand
When the step is energized, the liquid droplets will expand.
And to each other and to the liquid droplets.
It is characterized by being arranged and
Display device.