JPH09294723A - Optometer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily discriminate right and left eyes to be examined in simple structure. SOLUTION: The left or right side of an eye E to be examined is automatically discriminated by operating the relative positions of a pupil image P and cornea reflected images 4' and 5' from the picture of a liquid crystal monitor 20 through an arithmetic means, and this is recognized and displayed on the liquid crystal monitor 20 like an indication mark L, for example. Namely, when the eye E to be examined watches a dot-shaped fixed view light source on the extension of an optical measuring axis 01, the centers of the cornea reflected images 4' and 5' are made eccentric about for 0.5mm from the center of the pupil P to the side of a nose. Therefore, corresponding to whether this center is made eccentric to left or right, the left or right side of the eye E to be examined can be discriminated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optometry apparatus such as a small autorefractometer or autokeratometer that can be used as a handheld device in an ophthalmology hospital or an eyeglass store.

[0002]

[Prior art]

(1) In the conventional stationary optometry apparatus, the movement of the slide table is detected by the micro switch to determine the left and right eyes of the eye to be examined. The left and right eyes are distinguished by the difference in light reflection from the eyes.

(2) In a conventional optometry apparatus equipped with a CRT or the like for observing an eye to be inspected, the electric power supply from the power source to the CRT, the light source, etc. is cut off unless an operation is performed for a certain period of time, thereby saving power. There is.

(3) In the conventional optometry apparatus for showing the subject a distance from the outside through the dichroic mirror and displaying the anterior segment on the infrared television to align the subject's eye, the positional relationship of the subject's eye to the device is unknown. Since it does not exist, the field of view of the infrared TV is widened and alignment is performed.

(4) In the conventional optometry apparatus, the distance is adjusted by seeing the blur of the corneal reflection image, the pupil image and the like.

(5) In a conventional stationary optometry apparatus for observing the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected with a monitor, the sliding base is moved laterally to align the left and right eyes.

(6) As a conventional hand-held optometer,
Some include a monitor for anterior segment observation that is separate from the measurement unit, and another that displays a reduced anterior segment image on the display surface and optically magnifies it. Are known.

[0008]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

(B) However, in any of the above-mentioned conventional examples (1), a structural member for discriminating between the left and right eyes is required in any case, and therefore the structure becomes complicated.

(B) In the above-mentioned conventional example (2), in the case of a battery-powered handheld device, a sufficient power saving effect cannot be obtained only by cutting off the supply of electricity.

(C) In the above-mentioned conventional example (3), since the magnification is lowered by widening the field of view, the positioning accuracy is lowered.

(D) In the above-mentioned conventional example (4), since a lens having a large aperture is required, the size of the apparatus becomes large, and since ambient light is likely to be incident, the structure becomes complicated due to the necessity of countermeasures.

(E) In the above-mentioned conventional example (5), since the adjustment is performed at the height position of the eye to be inspected, if the face is tilted and the heights of the left and right eyes are different, an error due to the tilt angle of the eye is caused. Occurs.

(F) In the above-mentioned conventional example (6), the measuring unit cannot be seen when looking at the monitor, and the finder is looked into when observing the display surface. It is difficult to align the angle and position of the subject and the face of the subject, especially the other eyes.

The first object of the present invention is the above-mentioned problem (a).
It is an object of the present invention to provide an optometry apparatus capable of discriminating between the left and right eyes of an eye to be examined with a simple structure.

The second object of the present invention is the above-mentioned problem (b).
The object of the present invention is to provide an optometry device having a sufficient power saving effect.

The third object of the present invention is the above-mentioned problem (c).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an optometry apparatus that solves the above-mentioned problems and that performs alignment easily and with high accuracy.

The fourth object of the present invention is the above-mentioned problem (d).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an optometry apparatus which has a simple structure, can be downsized, and can perform appropriate distance adjustment.

A fifth object of the present invention is the above-mentioned problem (e).
It is an object of the present invention to provide an optometry apparatus capable of accurately measuring the meridian angle even when the face is tilted.

A sixth object of the present invention is the above-mentioned problem (f).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a handheld optometry apparatus that facilitates position adjustment and angle adjustment.

[0020]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an optometric apparatus for illuminating an anterior segment of an eye, and an image capturing an anterior segment image of the eye. Means for determining the left and right eyes of the eye to be inspected based on the relative position of the pupil and the corneal reflection image of the illumination light source in the anterior segment image.

An optometry apparatus according to a second aspect of the invention is characterized by having an image pickup means for picking up an image of an eye to be inspected and a power saving means for cutting off at least a part of power supply based on an image of the image pickup means.

In the eye examination apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, the eye to be inspected outside is seen through the dichroic mirror which is arranged in front of the eye to be examined and which reflects infrared light and transmits visible light. In a hand-held optometry apparatus for consciously refracting and measuring, an opening centered on a measurement optical axis provided in the line-of-sight direction of the eye to be inspected, an imaging means for imaging the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected through the dichroic mirror, A display unit for displaying an enlarged anterior segment image provided on the body.

The optometry apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the invention comprises two divergent light sources having different optical axis distances arranged so that the corneal reflection images are on the same circumference when the subject's eye is at a predetermined distance. An observation means for observing the anterior segment of the eye is provided, and distances are adjusted by observing the corneal reflection image of the divergent light source.

The optometry apparatus according to the fifth invention is a handheld optometry apparatus for measuring a meridian angle of an eye to be inspected, which is a mark indicating a direction of a 0 ° / 180 degree meridian angle of the apparatus passing through a measurement optical axis of the eye to be inspected. Is provided on the outer side of the device.

An optometry apparatus according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is a handheld optometry apparatus for measuring optometry of an eye to be inspected, wherein the anterior ocular segment image pickup means and a housing are integrated and enlarged on the display surface by the image pickup means. A display member for displaying a partial image is provided, and the width of the housing at the measurement optical axis position is narrower than twice the eye width.

[0026]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiment. FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of a hand-held optometry device having a combined function of an autorefractometer and an autokeratometer, which is provided on the upper front surface of the housing of the device 1 having a width narrower than twice the eye width of the subject S. Is provided with an opening 2 having an observation visual field with a diameter of about 20 mm. A dichroic mirror 3 that transmits most of visible light and reflects infrared light is arranged on an optical axis O1 that passes through the center of the opening 2. A dichroic mirror 3 near the dichroic mirror 3 is arranged on a circle around the optical axis O1. The cornea measurement light sources 4 and 5 are arranged. These corneal measurement light sources 4 and 5 are composed of a total of eight point-like divergent light sources having different distances in the optical axis O1 direction, and the light source 4 in the vertical and horizontal directions and the aperture 2
The light source 5 disposed between these light sources 4 in an oblique direction of ± 45 degrees when viewed from the direction of is set at approximately the same angle of about 24 degrees as the cornea C of the eye E with respect to the optical axis O1. Therefore, an LED with a wavelength of 750 to 800 nm that functions as a light source for illumination that illuminates the iris part is used.

Optical axis in the direction of reflection of the dichroic mirror 3
A dichroic mirror 6, a lens 7 and a mirror 8 are arranged on O2, and on the optical axis O3 in the reflection direction of the dichroic mirror 6, there are lenses 9, 10, a telecentric diaphragm 11 at the focal point of the lens system, and a dichroic mirror. 1
2. The image pickup means 13 are sequentially arranged. Further, on the optical axis O4 in the reflection direction of the mirror 8, the mirror 14 and 6 on the periphery are provided.
A cornea-conjugated light splitting member 15 having a plurality of wedge prisms and a mirror portion 15a in the center is arranged, and the optical axis O4 reaches the dichroic mirror 12. Furthermore, on the optical axis O5 in the incident direction of the mirror portion 15a of the light splitting member 15,
A lens 16, a visible / infrared light splitting member 17, and an infrared light source for refraction measurement 18 are arranged, and in the incident direction of the visible / infrared light splitting member 17, a stereoscopic eye-fixed fixation target is a fixation target. A light source 19 is arranged.

The output of the image pickup means 13 is a liquid crystal monitor 20 which is an image display means having a backlight 20a.
Is connected to the computing means 21, and the computing means 21 is connected to the device 1
The output of the battery 22, which is the main power source of the, is connected.

In the above-mentioned structure, FIG. 2 shows a front view of the apparatus as seen from the examiner's side, and the eye E to be examined looks at an external distance through the dichroic mirror 3 and is further reflected from the measurement optical axis O1 direction to the dichroic mirror 3. Then, the point-shaped fixation light source 19 projected is viewed. Reflected images 4 ', 5'of the cornea C having a predetermined curvature are formed on the same circumference by the cornea measurement light sources 4, 5 as shown in the screen of the liquid crystal monitor 20 of FIG.

The anterior segment image including the reflected images 4'and 5'is reflected by the dichroic mirrors 3 and 6, passes through the lenses 9 and 10, the telecentric diaphragm 11 and the dichroic mirror 12, and is connected to the image pickup device 13a of the image pickup means 13. Image. In addition to the light source images 4'and 5'and the pupil image P, the liquid crystal monitor 20 also displays an alignment mark A centered on the optical axis O1 generated by a character circuit (not shown).

The examiner first looks at the eye E from the direction of the optical axis O1, aligns the eye E so that the eye E is located near the center of the opening 2, and then diverts the face from the optical axis O1 from an oblique direction. The monitor 20 is observed, and the corneal reflection images 4 ′ and 5 ′ are aligned with the alignment mark A to perform axis alignment. LCD monitor 20
Since the magnified image of the anterior segment is displayed on, the field of view is narrowed, but the alignment can be performed accurately.

The adjustment of the working distance in the direction of the optical axis 01 is performed by comparing the sizes of the corneal reflection images 4 ', 5'shown on the liquid crystal monitor 20. Since the light source 4 and the light source 5 have different distances from the eye E to be inspected, the degree of change in size is different depending on this distance, and the size of the light source 4 closer to the eye E to be inspected is likely to change. If the distance is too short, the circle passing through the light source image 4'is larger than the circle passing through the light source image 5 ', and if it is too far away, the opposite is true. Therefore, both are aligned on the same circumference. Since this change is the same even when the diaphragm 11 is made small and the light flux is made thin, the lens optical system can be made small by this, and the device can be downsized and the influence of ambient light on the device can be reduced.

The meridian angle of the apparatus 1 is adjusted along with the alignment based on the image on the liquid crystal monitor 20. As shown in FIG. 2, two marks M are provided at both outer side positions on the meridian passing through the measurement optical axis O1 on the side of the examiner of the casing of the apparatus 1 and having angles of 0 degrees and 180 degrees. And 90 degree optical axis O1
Two marks M ′ are provided at positions on both sides of. And
At the time of measurement, the meridian angle of the device 1 is adjusted so that the center of the other eye E ′ is on the extension line of the two marks M.

In this way, the eye E to be inspected and the other eye E '
Since the direction connecting the points can be adjusted to the meridian angle 0 ° / 180 °, the angle can be accurately measured even if the face is tilted. The mark M ′ is used when the device 1 is placed sideways for measurement, and the measurement is performed with the same angle adjustment as described above. Then, the corneal curvature is calculated by recognizing the positions of the light source images 4 ′ and 5 ′ by the calculating means 21.

Since the extended lines of the marks M and M'intersect on the optical axis O1, the initial alignment and angle alignment can be further facilitated by providing the marks M and M '. In the angle adjustment, when there are marks M and M ′, as described above, they are adjusted so that the center of the other eye E ′ is on the extension line connecting the two marks M. In the case of the embodiment without the marks M and M ′, the angles are adjusted such that the vertical direction of the device housing 1 is aligned with the direction of the center line of the face.

For the left and right sides of the eye E to be examined, an image as shown in FIG. 2 is fetched from the image pickup means 13 into the calculation means 21, and the relative positions of the pupil image P and the corneal reflection images 4 ', 5'are calculated and automatically. Determine. If the eye to be inspected is the left eye, the liquid crystal monitor 20
For example, a display mark L is displayed above. That is, when the eye E is looking at the point-shaped fixation light source 19 on the extension of the measurement optical axis O1, the center of the corneal reflection images 4 ', 5'is about 0.5 mm from the center of the pupil P to the nose side. Since it is eccentric to some extent, the left and right eyes of the eye E to be inspected can be discriminated depending on whether the eccentricity is left or right. By providing such an arithmetic program, the left and right eyes can be discriminated with a simple structure that does not require any special member.

The above-mentioned left / right eye discrimination is performed by the cornea measurement light sources 4, 5.
Instead of using this image, the corneal reflection image of the refraction measuring infrared light source 18 may be used to perform the same calculation. The refraction measuring light travels back and forth along the optical axis O4, but a part of the corneal reflected light reflected by the dichroic mirror 6 and passing through the optical axis O3 is reflected by the sensor 1.
Since a point image is formed near the center of 3, the position and the pupil P
The left and right eyes can be discriminated from the center position. If the embodiment uses a light source for anterior segment illumination,
It is also possible to use the corneal reflection image.

The light beam from the refraction measuring infrared light source 18 passes through the visible / infrared light splitting member 17, the lens 16, the mirror portion 15a of the light splitting member 15, the mirrors 14, 8, the lens 7, the dichroic mirrors 6, 3. Is projected onto the fundus of the eye, and the reflected light passes through the optical axes O1, O2, and O4, is divided into six light beams by the light splitting member 15, is reflected by the dichroic mirror 12, and is received by the sensor 13 as six light beams. Then, the image is taken into the calculation means 21, the light flux position is recognized, and the refraction value is calculated by a known method.

The power of the device 1 is supplied from the battery 22, but when the device 1 is not used, it enters the power saving mode,
First, the backlight 20a of the liquid crystal monitor 20, the light source 4,
5, 18, 19 and the like are turned off. The fact that the device 1 is not used means that the image shown in the image pickup device 13a is the calculation means 2
1 is sequentially fetched and compared with the previous image to recognize whether there is a change in the image. That is, if there is no change in the image, it is recognized that the device 1 held by the examiner is placed on the table and is not being used, and first, the light sources 4, 5, 18,
19 is turned off to enter the first stage power saving state.

Further, the timer built in the calculating means 21 measures the time, and if the image remains unchanged for a certain period of time, the liquid crystal monitor 20 displaying the image of the image pickup device 13a also stops. . That is, the power supply to the image pickup means 13 is also stopped, and the second stage is in the further power saving state. Also, the first
It is programmed to return to the operating state when there is a change in the image in the power saving state of the stage, and the image moves when the device 1 is held in the hand. Therefore, the image is detected by calculation, and the state is immediately returned to the use state.

In the power saving state of the second stage, a part of the calculating means 21 remains in the operating state, and the functions of all the operation buttons other than the power button are changed to the return function. When one of the operation buttons is pressed, this is recognized and the operating state is restored. In this way, by recognizing the image of the eye E to be inspected for alignment by the image pickup means 13, it can be surely determined that the device 1 is not used, and therefore a further power saving effect can be exhibited.

The lateral width of the device 1 on the optical axis O1 is equal to the eye width of 2
By making it narrower than twice, the other eye E ′ can be seen as shown in FIG. 2 when the device 1 is held in the measurement position,
Easy angular alignment. In this state, the device 1 is roughly aligned, and the anterior segment image magnified and displayed on the liquid crystal monitor 20 is then adjusted to 30 to 50 without passing through the optical system.
Accurate alignment can be performed by observing from a position separated by cm. In this way, the alignment operation is facilitated, and the angle of the device 1 can be properly held for measurement.

[0043]

As described above, the optometry apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention calculates the anterior ocular segment image by the image pickup means, and depending on where the corneal reflection image is with respect to the pupil, the left and right eyes of the eye to be inspected easily. Can be determined.

The eye examination apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention can detect the movement of the image of the image pickup means for taking an image of the eye to be examined, turn off the light source, and exhibit a power saving effect.

In the optometry apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, after the eye to be inspected is observed from the opening looking forward from the outside and the eye is roughly aligned, the enlarged anterior segment image of the eye to be displayed on the display means. By performing the alignment while watching, it is possible to easily perform highly accurate alignment.

In the optometry apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the anterior ocular segment observing means observes the corneal reflection images from the two divergent light sources and aligns them so that they are on the same circumference, thereby performing proper distance alignment. Therefore, the structure can be simplified and downsized.

In the optometry apparatus according to the fifth aspect of the invention, a mark indicating the 0 ° / 180 ° radial direction of the apparatus passing through the optical axis is provided on the outer side of the apparatus so that the center of the other eye comes on the extension of the mark. Accurate meridian angles can be measured by matching the angles of the devices.

In the eye examination apparatus according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the enlarged anterior ocular segment image on the display surface is observed from a distant position by making the width of the housing narrower than twice the eye width on the measurement optical axis. Since it is possible to observe the other eye while holding the device in the measurement position at the same time, the enlarged anterior segment can be seen after performing the approximate alignment while observing the relationship between the device and the other eye. However, the position and the angle can be accurately adjusted.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of an optometry apparatus according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a rear view seen from the examiner side.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Device 2 Apertures 3, 6, 12 Dichroic mirrors 4, 5 Point-shaped divergent light source 13 Imaging means 15, 17 Light splitting member 18 Refractive power measurement light source 19 Point-shaped fixation light source 20 Liquid crystal monitor 21 Computing means

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A corneal reflection image of the illumination light source in the anterior segment image, comprising an illumination light source for illuminating the anterior segment of the subject's eye, and imaging means for capturing an anterior segment image of the subject's eye. An optometry apparatus for discriminating between the left and right eyes of an eye to be inspected based on the relative positions of the pupil. 2. An optometry apparatus comprising: an image pickup unit for picking up an image of an eye to be inspected; and a power saving unit for cutting off at least a part of power supply based on an image of the image pickup unit. 3. A hand-held device for objectively refracting the eye to be examined externally through a dichroic mirror that is arranged in front of the eye and reflects infrared light and transmits visible light. In the optometry device,
An opening centered on the measurement optical axis provided in the line-of-sight direction of the eye to be inspected, an imaging means for imaging the anterior segment of the subject's eye through the dichroic mirror, and a display for displaying an enlarged anterior segment image provided on the housing An optometry apparatus having a means. 4. An observation for observing an anterior segment of an eye to be examined and two divergent light sources with different optical axis distances arranged so that the corneal reflection images are on the same circumference when the eye to be examined is at a predetermined distance. An optometry apparatus, which has a means for adjusting the distance by observing a corneal reflection image of the divergent light source. 5. A handheld optometry apparatus for measuring a meridian angle of an eye to be inspected, wherein a mark indicating a direction of a 0 ° / 180 degree meridian angle of the apparatus passing through a measurement optical axis of the eye to be inspected is provided on an outer side of the apparatus. An optometry device characterized by the above. 6. A handheld optometry apparatus for performing optometry of an eye to be inspected, the display member being integrated with an anterior segment imaging unit and a casing for displaying an enlarged anterior segment image on a display surface by the imaging unit. An optometry apparatus comprising: and the width of the housing at the measurement optical axis position is narrower than twice the eye width. 7. The optometry apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the housing is provided with a mark indicating an optical axis position.