JPH09291295A - Solid fuel composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a solid fuel composition capable of not melting a fuel during combustion, not making the fuel into a flow liquid and stably providing thermal power. SOLUTION: In this solid fuel composition obtained by adding sodium hydroxide to a heated mixture of methyl alcohol and stearic acid or a fatty acid consisting essentially of stearic acid and cooling and solidifying the mixture, the amount of stearic acid added is >=5.0wt.% and $7.0wt.% and that of sodium hydroxide is an amount from the neutralization equivalent of stearic acid or the fatty acid to an excessive amount of >=0.01wt.% and <=0.2wt.% based on the whole amount. Consequently, sufficiently thermal powder is stably produced without causing melting and making the solid fuel into a flow liquid liquid to flow out from a can container housing the solid fuel during combustion. Consequently the solid fuel composition can be safely and effectively utilized.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an improved composition of a solid fuel composition comprising methyl alcohol and stearic acid or a sodium salt of a fatty acid containing stearic acid as a main component.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a solid fuel comprising methyl alcohol and a sodium salt of stearic acid or a fatty acid containing stearic acid as a main component, that is, a soap component has been widely used as a fuel for simple heating.

This solid fuel is prepared by a method in which a mixture of methyl alcohol and stearic acid or a fatty acid containing the stearic acid as a main component is dissolved by heating, sodium hydroxide is added to the mixture to neutralize it, and this is solidified by cooling. Was obtained.

Further, in order to commercialize this solid fuel, the liquid material at the time of neutralization is filled in a steel or aluminum container to be cooled and solidified, or the liquid material is cooled in a molding machine. There is also a product obtained by solidifying the product into a cylindrical rod shape or the like, which is cut and used as the product fuel as it is, or by further shrink-wrapping the cut pieces to obtain the product fuel. Regarding the above-mentioned chopped fuel, there is one in which a receiver made of metal foil such as aluminum foil is further added, but when these chopped fuels are used,
It is usually housed in a predetermined heat-resistant receiver for use.

[0005]

It is recognized that, in the conventional canned fuel described above, the fuel portion is usually melted and liquefied during combustion. Since this is a storage configuration in which the entire solid fuel is stored in the can, it is necessary to stabilize the combustion state by improving the evaporation property of the contained methyl alcohol. Therefore, it is considered that the pure compounding amount of stearic acid was suppressed to 3 to 4% by weight of the whole.

Considering that if the fuel portion is melted and liquefied during combustion as described above, there is a high possibility that the container can tip over, the danger of the molten fluid flowing out of the can is great, and it may cause a fire. Become.

On the other hand, in order to prevent the above-mentioned melt flow liquefaction of the fuel portion, it is possible to increase the amount of the pure stearic acid compounded, but in this case, the soap content on the combustion surface of the solid fuel is increased. The film of (3) is likely to be partially formed and covered, and the evaporation of methyl alcohol contained in the film is prevented, resulting in a drastic decrease in firepower, and in some cases, burning of the film part. In this case, not only the function as fuel becomes incomplete, but also alcohol remains.

Further, in the above-mentioned packaged fuel, in its general usage, not only the surface portion of the solid fuel but also the side peripheral surface portion thereof are exposed, and a relatively large amount of evaporation of the contained alcohol is evaporated. Since it can be obtained during combustion, the thermal power can be maintained even if the blending amount of stearic acid is increased, but the above-mentioned adverse effects are the same as in the case of canned fuel.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional solid fuels, that is, provides a novel composition of the solid fuels which does not melt and liquefy during the combustion and can obtain stable thermal power. Aimed at.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following composition for a solid fuel composition. That is, in a composition obtained by adding sodium hydroxide to a heated mixture of methyl alcohol and stearic acid or a fatty acid containing stearic acid as a main component, and cooling and solidifying the mixture, the pure content of stearic acid is 5% or less. The blending amount is 0.0% by weight or more and 7.0% by weight or less,
In addition, the amount of sodium hydroxide added is 0.01% by weight or more based on the neutralization equivalent of the stearic acid or fatty acid of 0.2 or more.
It is characterized by being an excess amount of not more than wt%.

The above-mentioned heated mixture can be obtained by dissolving stearic acid or a fatty acid containing stearic acid as a main component in methyl alcohol under heating at 60 to 65 ° C. Sodium stearate is produced by adding sodium hydroxide, for example as a methyl alcohol solution, to this warmed mixture.

In the present invention, the addition amount of the above-mentioned sodium hydroxide is 0.01% by weight or more based on the neutralization equivalent of stearic acid or the above-mentioned fatty acid in the above-mentioned warm mixture, and is 0.1% by weight or less.
It is essential to add an excess of up to 2% by weight. If the excess amount of sodium hydroxide is less than 0.01% by weight, melt flow liquefaction of a part of the obtained solid fuel will occur during combustion, and 0.2% by weight will also occur.
If it exceeds, a soap film is formed on the burning surface, and this burns and burns, resulting in a decrease in firepower.

Therefore, when the excess amount of sodium hydroxide is in the range of 0.01% by weight or more and 0.2% by weight or less, the solid fuel obtained is ignited without causing the above-mentioned drawbacks. A predetermined thermal power can be obtained in a stable state within a predetermined time thereafter. That is, in this case, the solid fuel surface during combustion is constantly melted to such an extent that the solidified soap content of sodium stearate or the like does not form a film and is not liquefied. An almost constant amount of is evaporated and it burns.

The fatty acid containing stearic acid as a main component may be a mixed fatty acid containing, as an impurity, a fatty acid having a different carbon number such as palmitic acid. Use of this mixed fatty acid is economical for producing solid fuel. There is an advantage that can be obtained. However, when this mixed fatty acid is used, when the amount of impurities other than stearic acid increases, the solid content in the solid fuel increases, which causes a decrease in the thermal power. Therefore, the pure content of stearic acid in the mixed fatty acid is 70%. More than weight%. Preferably 80% by weight or more,
More preferably, 90 to 98% by weight is more preferable, from the viewpoint that the above-mentioned drawbacks do not occur and that it is economically obtainable.

The amount of pure stearic acid in the above-mentioned warm mixture is not less than 5% by weight based on the total solid fuel.
The composition of less than or equal to wt% makes it possible to more stably prevent the melt flow liquefaction of the fuel during combustion. In addition, if the blending amount is less than 5% by weight,
The effect of preventing the melt flow of fuel from becoming liquefied becomes unstable, and if the blending amount exceeds 7% by weight, the decrease in the thermal power becomes large.

[0016]

【Example】

(Examples 1 to 6) 60 mixed fatty acids were added to methyl alcohol.
Dissolve by heating under conditions of ~ 65 ° C, add a solution of 49% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution diluted with methyl alcohol, and add it to a steel can container (can opening diameter 7.5 cmφ).
A solid fuel was prepared by filling 220 g in the inside and solidifying by cooling.
Obtained as ~ 6 respectively.

Regarding the solid fuels of Examples 1 to 6, the contents of methyl alcohol, a mixed fatty acid as a blending component, the pure content of stearic acid contained therein, and the excess amount of sodium hydroxide added were respectively changed. The blending ratio is shown in Table 1 below.

[Table 1]

Regarding the excess amount of sodium hydroxide in the table, the solid fuel obtained was dissolved in a predetermined solvent,
It was determined by neutralization titration using phenolphthalein as an indicator.

Further, Table 1 shows the amount of solid fuel burned, the presence / absence of melt flow liquefaction, and the presence / absence of soap film.

The amount of solid fuel burned is 40 after ignition.
The decrease of solid fuel is measured every 5 minutes for 5 minutes, and the average value for 20 minutes after ignition (first period), the average value for 20-40 minutes after ignition (second period), and the average value for 40 minutes after ignition are each 1 minute. It is shown by the value converted into the weight per unit (g), and these are taken as the combustion amount (that is, the thermal power f). With regard to this heat power, if f = 3.8 or more, it is 2
F = 3. Because effective cooking (particularly, steak baking) can be effectively performed on the iron plate surface at a position separated by 0 cm.
8 was used as an evaluation standard for thermal power, and if f = 3.8 or more, the thermal power was large and sufficient, and if f = 3.8 or less, the thermal power was insufficient.

Further, regarding the presence or absence of the outflow of the molten liquid liquefaction, within 40 minutes after ignition, every 5 minutes, the burning can container is tilted at an angle of 100 ° and left for 10 seconds. Judgment was made based on whether or not the molten flow liquefied material of the fuel flowed out. In addition, the evaluation was carried out with or without the outflow of the molten stream liquefaction even once during this period, and with no case when the outflow was not observed at all.

Further, the presence or absence of a soap film or the like was judged by visually observing the state of the burning surface of the solid fuel to determine the presence or absence of a film or a burnt part.

In Table 1, as Comparative Example 1, when the added amount of sodium hydroxide is less than the neutralization equivalent of fatty acid, Comparative Example 2 shows that the excess amount of sodium hydroxide is 2.0.
When the content is more than 5% by weight, as Comparative Example 3, when the pure content of stearic acid is less than 5% by weight, as Comparative Example 4, when the pure content of stearic acid exceeds 7% by weight, and Comparative Example 5 is used.
In the case where the fatty acid has a large amount of impurities other than the pure content of stearic acid, the solid fuel was obtained as a solid fuel by the same production method as described above, and these were also shown by the same evaluation as described above.

The state of the solid fuel of Comparative Example 1 during combustion is shown in FIG. In the figure, 1A is a solid fuel in a can. That is, the solid fuel 4 contained in the can container 2
In the case of A, the fuel on the surface becomes the molten stream liquefied material 5 at the time of combustion. Further, the flame 6 extends to the upper portion thereof through the can mouth portion 3. The above-mentioned outflow from the can container means a state in which the molten liquid liquefaction 5 flows out from the tilted can opening 3.

The state of the solid fuel of Comparative Example 2 during combustion is shown in FIG. That is, in the canned solid fuel 1B, the burnt portion 7 was formed in the surface layer portion on the combustion surface of the solid fuel 4B contained in the can container 2. The fuel alcohol evaporates through the burnt portion 7 and burns,
The flame 8 is weak and the heat power is reduced. It is considered that the occurrence of the burnt portion 7 is due to burning of the soap component in the solid fuel 1B without burning due to its high melting point and burning.

Table 1 shows such drawbacks of the solid fuels of Comparative Examples 1 and 2. Further, based on the results of the solid fuels of Comparative Examples 3 and 5, the solid content of stearic acid was blended. Melt flow liquefaction occurs even when the amount is less than 5.0% by weight or when the amount of impurities in the fatty acid is large, and from the result of the solid fuel of Comparative Example 4, the blending amount of the stearic acid pure component is 7.0. It can be seen that the thermal power is greatly reduced when the weight percentage exceeds.

On the other hand, according to the compositions of the solid fuels of Examples 1 to 6 according to the present invention, sufficient thermal power can be obtained in about 40 minutes from the ignition, and the fuel is melted and fluidized during combustion. In addition, no obstacles that would significantly reduce the firepower were observed.

The states of the solid fuels in these examples during combustion are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. That is, in the canned solid fuel 1, on the combustion surface of the solid fuel 4 contained in the can container 2, some soap components existing on the combustion surface are melted and gathered in the recessed portions in the vicinity thereof. A molten mass 10 in a dispersed state is formed. It should be noted that these molten lumps 10 are those in which only the soap content existing in a slight surface layer portion on the combustion surface is melted, and it is not the same amount as the above-mentioned molten liquefied liquid and does not show liquidity. Absent. This is also caused by the melting of the low melting point soap, which is less likely to char. At this point, in the solid fuel of Example 6, since the amount of sodium hydroxide added was near the limit, some charred parts were observed, but no decrease in the thermal power of the flame 11 was observed,
It is thought that it can be effectively used as fuel.

[0029]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects are exhibited. First, in the solid fuel according to the present invention, the pure content of stearic acid is adjusted to 5.0% by weight or more and 7.0% by weight or less of the whole, and the blended stearic acid or stearic acid is used as a main component. Since the composition has a composition in which an excess amount of sodium hydroxide within a certain range is added from the neutralization equivalent of fatty acid, it is possible to stably generate sufficient thermal power without causing fluidization of solid fuel during combustion. it can. Therefore, it can be safely and effectively used as fuel.

Further, the above-described effects of the present invention can be obtained not only in the canned solid fuel but also in the packed solid fuel as described above.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional front view showing a state of a conventional solid fuel during combustion.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional front view showing the same combustion state.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state during combustion of solid fuel according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the same combustion state.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1,1A, 1B Canned solid fuel 4,4A, 4B Solid fuel 5 Melt flow liquefied part 7 Burned part 10 Molten mass

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Chisato Morita 1-8-10 Shintaka, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka City Shintaka Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A composition prepared by adding sodium hydroxide to a heated mixture of methyl alcohol and stearic acid or a fatty acid containing stearic acid as a main component, and cooling and solidifying the mixture to obtain pure stearic acid. The content is 5.0% by weight or more and 7.0% by weight or less of the whole, and the addition amount of sodium hydroxide is 0.01% by weight or more and 0.2% by weight based on the neutralization equivalent of the stearic acid or fatty acid. %, And an excess amount of the solid fuel composition.