JPH09285776A - Organic waste treating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an org. waste treating device by which the dehumidifying function is not deteriorated unlike the conventional one wherein the vapor generated in the aerobic fermentation of a waste is circulated between a treating tank and a dehumidifier, the resulting fine powder is deposited in a circulating line to close the line, hence the dehumidifying function is deteriorated, slag is formed in the treating tank due to the low dehumidification, and the vapor is sucked into a blower for supplying oxygen into the tank to cause the defective insulation of a motor, corrosion of the blower and production of noises. SOLUTION: A dehumidifying heat-exchange means 70 is provided in a treating tank 50 or above the tank, the vapor is circulated between a dehumidifying heat-exchange means 75 and the treating tank 50 by natural convection, the whirling up of a fine powder is prevented, and a circulating fan and an air duct are dispensed with. Meanwhile, the air (exhaust pipe) 80 on the suction side of an air replacing blower 86 is exposed to the external air and transiently cooled, the moisture is separated by a gas-liq. separator 81, then the air is brought into contact with the wall of the tank 50 and reheated, and dry air is obtained. The troubles of the blower 80 due to the infiltration of water are eliminated in this way.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for treating organic wastes, and in particular, it is used for fermenting all organic matters such as garbage (food waste), food manufacturing wastes, biomass, etc. with aerobic microorganisms. In addition, the present invention relates to an organic waste treatment device which can be widely applied for commercial purposes such as restaurants and lunch centers.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the technique of fermenting organic waste with aerobic microorganisms, that is, the technique of composting (composting), is not only pollution-free, but also the recycling technique of organic waste and the natural reduction. It has been reviewed as a enabling technology. Particularly for kitchen garbage, so-called food waste, it has been desired to develop an apparatus capable of performing a fermentation process at a high speed and a high decomposition rate as the food service industry expands and a large amount of food is consumed. Traditionally, most organic composting such as agricultural waste and sewage sludge has been carried out by a method of naturally fermenting by keeping the piles open for a long time without using any means that actively promotes fermentation. I've been told.

On the other hand, an apparatus for controlling the temperature and mechanically stirring to supply oxygen to accelerate fermentation and to perform fermentation processing at a high speed is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-3.
No. 04542, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-124538, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-229587, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-145388.
It is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No.

The construction of the conventional processing apparatus shown in FIG. 6 will be described below. The processing tank 10 is divided by a partition plate 11 into a processing tank A on the input port 2 side and a processing tank B on the discharge port 4 side. A base material 20 in which aerobic microorganisms are cultured is stored in the treatment tank 10, and is constantly stirred by a stirring device including a stirring rod 12, a stirring shaft 8, a power transmission mechanism 13, a motor 14, and the like. Here, the processed material charged into the processing tank 10 through the charging port 2 is agitated and mixed with the base material 20 to start fermentation decomposition. At this time, the heat in the fermentation decomposition raises the temperature in the treatment tank 10, and the steam and carbon dioxide are generated by the fermentation decomposition of the organic matter. Although not shown in FIG. 6, the outer circumference of the treatment tank 10 is heated by a heating means in order to promote fermentation decomposition.

The water vapor is circulated between the heat exchanger 35 and the processing tank 10 by the circulation fan 30, but is cooled by the cooling fan 31 when passing through the heat exchanger 35.
The water vapor condenses into water droplets. However, this condensed water is neutralized by the neutralizing means 36 because it tends to be acidic due to the organic acid in the treated material. Further, after the organic matter dissolved in the condensed water is decomposed by the purification means 37 in which the microorganisms inhabit, the condensed water is discharged from the water distribution pipe 38 to the outside of the machine.
Further, carbon dioxide gas and odor are sucked by the blower 33 from the outlet side of the heat exchanger 35 and sent to the deodorizing tank 34. Therefore, the odor component is dissolved in the water in the deodorizing tank 34, decomposed by bacteria, and the carbon dioxide gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe 39 to the outside of the machine.

In this way, the processed material in the processing tank A is gradually fermented and decomposed to remove water. Then, the processed material, which has become relatively fine and becomes fine particles, floats above the tank, overflows the partition plate 11, and moves to the processing tank B on the discharge port 4 side. Fermentative decomposition and water evaporation further progress in the treatment tank B, so that the treatment material in the treatment tank B is more composted in the treatment tank A than in the treatment tank A, and the treatment material is discharged from the discharge port in a state in which the water content rate is lowered. 4 is discharged to the stocker 32.

[0007]

In the conventional processing apparatus, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 7-124538 and 2-22 are used.
As shown in Japanese Patent No. 9587, a water content (30% to 60%) suitable for fermenting kitchen waste having a high water content, so-called garbage.
%) In order to quickly reduce the moisture content in the treatment tank while circulating it between the treatment tank and the heat exchange means.
It is drying. This fermentation decomposition progresses gradually, and the finely pulverized and finely divided waste is dried and becomes lighter, and floats to the upper part of the treatment tank by stirring. Then, with the air circulated between the processing tank and the heat exchange means, there was a problem that the air floated inside the processing tank and blocked the mesh of the filter of the processing tank suction port. Further, in the circulation path, the air passage accumulates in the blowhole where the cross-sectional area and the direction of the air passage change rapidly, and gradually closes the air passage. As a result, the dehumidifying / drying function of the food waste processing device was gradually lost.
In particular, in the case of a method in which air is fed under pressure into the kitchen waste, fine powder easily floats up in the air, and the air passage is easily blocked. Then, when the dehumidifying / drying function is lost, when a high-moisture treated material is added, sludge formation in the treatment tank occurs,
Fermentative decomposition was hindered, resulting in the generation of malodor.

The air (oxygen) necessary for fermentation decomposition is supplied by sucking the air in the treatment tank using a blower and deodorizing and exhausting it to make the inside of the tank a negative pressure, such as a gap between the discharge port and the charging port. The outside air is replenished into the tank. At this time, since the temperature and humidity of the air in the processing tank or heat exchanger are higher than the outside air, when the piping leading to the blower is exposed to the outside air and cooled, the vapor in the exhausted air condenses. The water accumulated in the pipe was sucked into the blower by wind pressure. This condensed water has a low PH value due to organic acids contained in garbage, so if it is sucked and accumulated in the blower, it will not only corrode the blower, casing, motor, etc., but also cause insulation failure of the motor. It was Furthermore, the fine powder in the air that is sucked together at this time adheres to the blower, increasing the load on the motor and accelerating the wear of the bearing.
Furthermore, the sound absorbing material such as the blower is soaked in, which causes a decrease in the sound absorbing effect. Also in the circulation fan,
Since the same phenomenon as described above occurs, there are problems that the life and safety of the food waste processing system are shortened, and the maintenance cost is increased.

[0009]

In the organic waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, heat exchange means is provided in the upper space of the treatment tank, and the heat exchange means is a liquefied refrigerant (compressor / condenser / expansion valve). The so-called refrigerating machine equipped with a liquefied refrigerant on the high-pressure side) or cooling water is circulated to cool the inside of the tank, and the steam generated during the fermentation process is condensed inside the tank and discharged to the outside of the processing tank. I am configuring.

As described above, since the water vapor in the treatment tank is directly condensed in the tank by the heat exchange means, it is not necessary to forcibly circulate the water vapor between the treatment tank and the heat exchanger as in the conventional case. It prevents the powder from rising. Therefore, it not only solves various problems caused by clogging of the filter and blockage of the duct due to accumulation of fine powder, but also means for forcibly circulating between the processing tank and the heat exchanger, such as a circulation fan or a heat exchanger. The duct hose connecting the exchanger and the processing tank, and the filter of the suction port of the processing tank are not required, and the apparatus can be downsized.

Further, the organic waste treatment apparatus of the present invention is
A heat exchange chamber having a space communicating with the inside of the processing tank is provided above the processing tank, and the high temperature steam generated in the processing tank is second
Is introduced into the heat exchange chamber through the opening and is condensed by the heat exchange means arranged in the heat exchange chamber. The condensed water is introduced from the heat exchange chamber to a drain gutter or the like and discharged outside the machine.

Further, the organic waste treatment apparatus of the present invention comprises an oxygen supply means for circulating the air necessary for the aerobic fermentation treatment,
It is placed in communication with the upper part of the treatment tank or heat exchange chamber via a gas-liquid separator, and the taken-out air from the treatment tank is brought into contact with the outside air to cause heat exchange, thereby making it a saturated vapor at the outside air temperature, and thereafter. , The condensed water introduced into the gas-liquid separator is separated and guided to the neutralization tank, and the air sent from the gas-liquid separator is brought into contact with the outer wall and the inner wall of the processing tank to be reheated to produce dry air. Flow into the oxygen supply means. Therefore, the oxygen supply means sucks sufficiently dried air, and the problems such as the corrosion of the casing due to the air containing condensed water, the insulation failure of the motor, and the noise generation due to the moisture absorption of the sound absorbing material are solved.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. [Embodiment 1] Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a structural explanatory view of a waste treatment device having a heat exchanger provided in the treatment tank of the present invention. An input port 52 is opened at the top of the processing tank 50, and the input port 52 is closed by a lid 54. In addition, the bottom of the processing tank 50 has a substantially Greek letter “ω” shape in which two semicircular sections are connected in parallel. A plurality of hot water pipes 53 are arranged in a meandering manner on the outer wall of the treatment tank 50. By circulating hot water supplied from a water heater or the like in the hot water pipe 53, the treatment tank 5
The bottom of 0 is heating. By this heating means, the processing tank 5
The treated material in 0 is maintained at a temperature suitable for fermentation of 50 ° C to 80 ° C. Further, the partition plate 55 is the processing tank 50 as shown in FIG.
Processing tank A on the inlet 52 side and processing tank B on the outlet 57 side
It is arranged so as to be divided into. The partition plate 55 is set to such a height that the processed material can overflow from the processing tank A to the processing tank B.

Agitating shafts 61A, 62A, 61B and 62B are arranged at the central positions of the semicircular shapes forming the bottom of the processing tank 50. A plurality of stirring rods 65 are radially fixed to each stirring shaft. The stirring rod 65 is the stirring shaft 61.
(A, B) and 62 (A, B) are spirally planted at an appropriate angle on the peripheral surface. Therefore, the stirring shaft 61
When (A, B) and 62 (A, B) rotate, the substrate and the processed material in the processing tank are transferred to the inlet 52 side or the outlet 57 side by the conveying force of the stirring rod 65 generated by the rotation. Move in. Further, the communication port 5 is provided at the center of the partition plate 55.
50 is provided, and the processed product is communicated with the communication port 550 by the above-described conveying force
It is configured to pass back and forth between the processing tank A and the processing tank B through the passage. In particular, when a large amount of high-moisture garbage is put into the treatment tank A, sludge formation occurs and water evaporation is hindered, but the dried treated material passes from the treatment tank B through the communication port 550 to the treatment tank A. By controlling the rotation of the stirring shaft so as to flow back into the treatment tank A, the water content in the treatment tank A can be quickly adjusted, and the vapor can be effectively evaporated into the treatment tank 50 without turning it into sludge. is there.

A heat exchanger 70 and a drain gutter 75 are provided in the upper space of the processing tank 50. The drain gutter 75 has a heat insulating property so that the dropped condensed water is not re-evaporated by the hot air in the treatment tank 50. The heat exchanger 70 is kept at a temperature lower than that of the air in the processing tank 50 by using an evaporator of a refrigerator or circulating cooling water.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the heat exchanger 70 comprises a compressor 71 and a condenser 7 arranged on the top plate 51 of the processing tank 50.
2, constitutes a refrigeration cycle together with the cooling fan 73,
It has an evaporation function. Therefore, the water vapor evaporated in the upper space of the processing tank 50 is cooled by the heat exchanger 70, so that it is condensed on the surface thereof and becomes a water drop and is dropped on the drain gutter 75. Not only the organic matter is dissolved in this water vapor, but also the PH value is lowered due to the organic acid produced in the fermentation treatment process of the organic waste. So drain gutter 75
From the water to the neutralization tank 74 for adjustment. Further, the organic matter dissolved in the water is decomposed by the bacteria living in the deodorization tank 76, and is discharged to the outside of the machine through the drain pipe 77. Further, the heat received from the steam by the heat exchanger 70 is carried to the condenser 72 provided outside the tank by the refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle, and is discharged outside the machine by the cooling fan 73 together with the electric energy consumed by the compressor 71. To be done.

As described above, this processing apparatus, in which the heat exchange means is provided in the processing tank, heats the water in the organic waste by a hot water pipe or the like to evaporate it, and the stirring means effectively agitates the upper portion of the processing tank. It evaporates into the space, and the water vapor is guided to the heat exchanger by natural convection to remove water.

Next, the supply system of oxygen required for fermentation decomposition will be described. A first exhaust pipe 80 that penetrates the top plate 51 of the processing tank 50 is provided. One end of the first exhaust pipe 80 opens into the space of the processing tank 50, and the other end is connected to the gas-liquid separator 81 adjacent to the condenser 72. The exhaust pipe 80 is arranged in a meandering manner between the condenser 72 and the gas-liquid separator 81. With this configuration, the outside air sucked by the cooling fan 73 from the suction grill 83 is applied to the exhaust pipe 80 to cool the high-humidity air in the processing tank 50 sucked into the exhaust pipe 80. With this configuration, the high-humidity air in the processing tank 50 can condense water vapor in the first exhaust pipe 80 before passing through the gas-liquid separator 81. The water condensed in the exhaust pipe 80 accumulates in the gas-liquid separator 81 and is discharged from the drain pipe 84 to the neutralization tank 74.

On the other hand, the gas-liquid separator 81 from which water vapor has been removed
The air inside enters the second exhaust pipe 85 that is connected to the upper portion of the gas-liquid separator 81. The second exhaust pipe 85 is disposed so as to come into contact with the outer wall or the inner wall of the processing tank 50, and the blower 8
6 is connected to the suction port 89. Treatment tank 50 is 50 ° C
Since it is leaning at -80 ° C, the second exhaust pipe 85 is heated again by coming into contact with the wall of the processing tank 50.
Then, the air in the second exhaust pipe 85 is heated to become dry air and then enters the blower 86. Therefore, in the air in the second exhaust pipe 85 sucked by the blower 86, the water vapor does not condense while passing through the pipe. As a result, water is not sucked into the casing of the blower 86, so that the trouble of the blower 86 due to the suction of water is eliminated. The same effect can be obtained by using an electric heater for reheating the second exhaust pipe.

The heat exchanger 70 installed in the upper space of the processing tank 50 is attached at an angle α of 7 degrees or more with respect to the horizontal plane. Due to the inclined arrangement of the heat exchanger 70, when the water drop reaches the lower end of the heat exchanger 70, the water drops flow along the inclination while being suspended by the surface tension, and are collected in the drain gutter 75 and drained.

[Second Embodiment] Next, another embodiment of the processing apparatus will be described (see FIGS. 3, 4 and 5). It should be noted that members having the same configurations and functions as those of the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted. An opening 530 is provided adjacent to the waste input port 52 of the processing tank 50, and the heat exchange chamber 150 is provided above the opening 530. A plurality of heat exchangers 200 are installed in the heat exchange chamber 150.

The structure of the heat exchanger 200 will be described with reference to FIG. Bend pieces 21 by bending the opposite ends of the flat plate 210.
The heat transfer plate 200A on which No. 1 is formed is formed. Bent piece 211
The second heat transfer plate 200A is arranged on the surface of the heat transfer plate 200A on the side opposite to the bending direction, with a spacer 215 coated with a sealing material interposed. At this time, the adjacent heat transfer plate 2
The bent pieces 211 of 00A are arranged at positions orthogonal to each other. In this way, a plurality of heat transfer plates 200A are alternately arranged side by side with their directions changed by 90 ° to form one heat exchanger 200. In the heat exchanger 200 configured in this manner, the first air passage 220 and the first air passage 22 which are air passages for the in-tank air formed in the arrow X direction between the adjacent heat transfer plates 200A.
A second air passage 230, which is an air passage for the outside air formed in the direction of the arrow Y orthogonal to 0, is formed. Heat exchanger 200 is the first
The air from the inside of the high-temperature treatment tank 50 containing water vapor from the opening 530 passing through the air passage 220 and the outside air passing through the second air passage 230 flow at right angles through the heat transfer plate 200A. And heat is effectively exchanged on both sides of the heat transfer plate 200A. At this time, the radiation fins 2 are attached to the heat transfer plate 200A.
By providing 50, the heat exchange efficiency can be improved. A plurality of heat radiation fins 250 are arranged in parallel with the spacers 215 of the heat transfer plate 200A.

The gap between the heat exchanger 200 and the housing 260 serves as an air passage 240 communicating with the processing tank 50. Therefore, the air containing water vapor in the processing tank 50 passes through the air passage 240, rises to the upper part of the processing device, and reaches the upper space of the heat exchange chamber 150. On the other hand, the air that has contacted the heat transfer plate 200A while passing through the heat exchanger 200 is heat-exchanged and cooled.
At this time, the water vapor contained in the air in the processing tank 50 is condensed and condensed on the heat transfer plate 200A. Then, the cooled and heavy air naturally flows downward by gravity due to gravity. According to the flow, from the air passage 240 to the heat exchange chamber 1
The air reaching the upper part of 50 is sucked into the heat exchanger 200. Here, when the cooling fan 73 is started, the grill 8
Aspirate outside air from 3. The sucked outside air flows in the second air passage 230 in the heat exchanger 200 in the horizontal direction (arrow Y direction).
Flow down to The outside air takes heat from the heat transfer plate 200A while passing through the second air passage 230 and is discharged to the outside of the machine.

As described above, since the processing apparatus shown in this embodiment does not forcibly circulate the air in the processing tank 50 as in the case of the first embodiment, the dry fine powder is flown into the processing tank 50. Without removing the steam generated in the fermentation process. The heat exchanger provided in the processing tank described above has a structure that is convenient for the heat exchanger 70 shown in the first embodiment to use the evaporator of the refrigerator or to circulate and cool the water. The heat exchanger shown in (1) has a structure that is convenient for cooling with outside air. In addition, the heat exchange chamber 15 shown in this embodiment
The heat exchanger 200 installed in 0 is disposed such that the inclination of the lower end surface is an angle β of 7 degrees or more with respect to the horizontal plane. When the water droplets reach the lower end of the heat exchanger 200 by this inclined arrangement, the water droplets are suspended by the surface tension and flow along the inclination, and are collected in the drain gutter 750.
It will be drained through the route described in.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the heat transfer plate 200A
U-shaped or concave / convex groove 21 in which water drops flow in the bent portion 211 of the
By providing 2, the water droplets can be more reliably and efficiently collected in the drain gutter 75. Therefore, when the lower end surface of the heat exchanger 200 is mounted horizontally, or when the mounting inclination is small (7 degrees or less),
Water drops cannot be properly collected on the way and collected in one side of the heat exchanger 200, and it is necessary to dispose a drain gutter over the entire width of the heat transfer plate 200A. However, the drain gutter 750 of this embodiment is used.
May be a small gutter in a range where water drops dripping at the bottom of the inclined heat exchanger 200 are collected. In the dehumidification method that uses the circulation of air in the treatment tank by natural convection, a large area gutter obstructs the rising air flow, and it is needless to say that a narrow drain gutter is preferable. That is.

[0026]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The waste treatment apparatus of the present invention is provided with heat exchange means in the treatment tank to guide the hot and humid air in the treatment tank to the heat exchange means for dehumidification by natural convection.
As a result, it is possible to prevent the dry fine powder in the processing tank from rising. Therefore, the fan for air circulation, the air duct that connects the treatment tank and the dehumidifier, and the filter that have been used conventionally are not required, and the sludge in the treatment tank caused by these mechanical troubles is of course unnecessary. It has a great effect in terms of improving product reliability, reducing manufacturing cost and running cost, such as reduction in odor and odor, and reduction in maintenance cost. Also, the suction side of the blower for supplying air (oxygen) is cooled with outside air to separate gas and liquid, and the wall of the processing tank is reheated. It is possible to prevent problems such as poor insulation of the blower motor, corrosion of the casing, noise generation, etc.

Further, in the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, a heat exchange chamber is provided on the treatment tank so that the upper surface of the treatment tank and the lower surface of the heat exchange chamber communicate with each other, and heat is exchanged in the treatment tank. By obtaining the same effect as the one provided with the means, the humid air in the treatment tank is guided to the heat exchanger for dehumidification by natural convection, which prevents the dry fine powder in the treatment tank from rising up. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of an organic waste treatment device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a processing tank.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view for explaining the configuration of the organic waste treatment device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory perspective view of a heat exchange chamber.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a shape and combination of heat transfer plates.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory sectional view showing an embodiment of a conventional processing apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 50 treatment tank 52 input port 52 opening 53 hot water pipe 55 partition plate 54 lid 61A, B stirring shaft 62A, B stirring shaft 65 stirring rod 73 cooling fan 74 neutralization tank 75 750 drain gutter 76 deodorization tank 80 exhaust pipe 81 gas liquid Separator 86 Blower 74 Neutralization tank 76 Deodorization tank 150 Heat exchange chamber 200 Heat exchanger 200A Heat transfer plate 215 Spacer 220 First air passage 230 Second air passage

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A treatment tank having a port for introducing waste,
An agitating and conveying means for agitating and conveying the input waste, a heating means arranged in a treatment tank for aerobically fermenting the waste, a heat exchange means for condensing steam generated in the fermentation treatment process, and a treatment tank An organic waste treatment apparatus comprising oxygen supply means for drying and circulating the internal air, wherein the heat exchange means is arranged at an upper space position in the treatment tank that does not interfere with the waste introduced from the inlet. 2. The heat exchange means comprises an evaporator forming a refrigeration cycle together with a compressor, a condenser and an expansion valve.
Organic waste treatment equipment. 3. A treatment tank in which a first port for introducing waste and a second port adjacent to the first port are opened in a top plate, and an agitating and conveying means for agitating and conveying the introduced waste. A heating means arranged in a treatment tank for aerobically fermenting waste, a heat exchange means for condensing water vapor generated in the fermentation treatment process, and an oxygen supply means for drying and circulating the air in the treatment tank , The second opening of the processing tank has a space communicating with the processing tank,
An organic waste which is provided with a heat exchange chamber for arranging heat exchange means, the heat exchange chamber forming an air passage for introducing the outside air, and cooling the air containing the steam flowing from the inside of the processing tank by the outside air. Material processing equipment. 4. The organic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the heat exchange means comprises a plurality of heat transfer plates arranged in parallel to form an air passage for the air from the treatment tank and an air passage for the outside air. 5. The organic waste treatment device according to claim 4, wherein the heat transfer plate is provided with a guide groove for condensed water. 6. The organic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the heat exchange means is arranged so as to be inclined at an angle of 7 ° or more with the horizontal plane of the treatment tank. 7. The organic waste treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the air in the treatment tank is cooled and then introduced into the oxygen supply means through a gas-liquid separator. 8. The organic waste treatment device according to claim 7, wherein the air flowing from the gas-liquid separator into the oxygen supply means forms a path for contacting the inner wall or the outer wall of the treatment tank and is heated. .