JPH0928068A - Dc machine and method of assembling dc machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate assembling and insertion of a commutator by forming an inclined part in the insertion edge part of a brush side surface facing the bottom surface of a brush holder. SOLUTION: A face 11b for taking out a pigtail is formed in the side adjacent to the end surface of an opposite side to the end surface 11a of a brush 11 brought into contact with a commutator, and a pigtail 11c for conduction is mounted on the face 11b for taking out a pigtail. A terminal 11d is mounted at the tip of the pigtail 11c, and an inclined part 14 is formed in an insertion edge part to a brush holder 10 which has a side angular part on the opposite side to the face 11b for taking out a pigtail in a lower place. The terminal 11d of the brush 11 and the pigtail 11c are once inserted into a slot 13 for moving a pigtail and are pulled out from the open end 10b side of the brush holder 10. Since the inclined part 14 is formed in the bottom surface angular part of the brush 11, the brush 11 is held inside the brush holder 10 in the state that the surface of the inclined part 14 is brought into face-contact with the bottom surface of the brush holder 10.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a DC machine and a method for assembling the DC machine, and more particularly to a DC machine and a DC machine having a brush portion structure suitable for being applied to a waterproof and small DC machine. Regarding the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional brush part structure of a DC machine,
For example, as described in JP-A-4-67757,
After fixing the brush support plate (retainer) 9 to the end bracket 6, the brush 8 is pushed in the outer diameter direction of the housing 3 against the biasing force of the oscillator spring 10 for pressing the brush 8 against the commutator 1B. Then, a structure in which the commutator 1B of the armature 1 is inserted is known.

Further, for example, as described in JP-A-59-288868, after inserting a brush base having a brush holder into which a brush has been inserted into an armature commutator, the armature shaft is moved. A structure is known in which the brush base is fitted to the bearing and then fixed from the outside of the end bracket with a screw.

[0004]

However, in the case of waterproofing the DC machine, the method of screwing the brush base from the outer side of the end bracket as described in JP-A-59-288868 is used as the end. Since the bracket needs a screw hole, it cannot be applied to a waterproof DC machine.

Further, in the method as described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-67757, it is necessary to use a hire in order to push the brush in the outer diameter direction of the housing, but when the DC machine is downsized, Since there is virtually no space for employment, there is a problem in that assemblability deteriorates.

For example, a DC machine used for an automobile, particularly,
A small DC machine is required because the installation space is limited for a DC machine for a cabot, which is used for a cavitated truck, and the installation location is affected by the splash of muddy water from the road surface. Since it is required to be a waterproof type so as not to receive the above, it is necessary to solve the above problems.

An object of the present invention is to provide a waterproof DC machine which is easy to assemble.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of assembling a DC machine which is easy to assemble.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a stator, a front bracket and an end bracket which respectively hold the stator from the left and right, and both ends of the front bracket and the end bracket. In a DC machine having an armature and a commutator attached to a rotatably supported shaft, a brush base attached to the end bracket, and a brush holder attached to the brush base and holding a brush,
The brush is provided with an inclined portion formed on an insertion edge portion of a side surface of the brush facing a bottom surface of the brush holder.

In the above DC machine, preferably, the brush holder is provided on a surface facing the bottom surface of the brush, and a convex groove for inserting a pigtail attached to the brush is inserted, and the brush holder is inserted through the convex groove. And an elongated hole for moving a pigtail for moving the pigtail.

In the above DC machine, preferably, the mounting surface of the pigtail of the brush is a surface formed one step lower than the side surface of the brush.

In the above DC machine, preferably, the brush holder is provided with a notch portion which is formed by cutting out a part of the convex groove in the vicinity of an open end of the brush holder into which the brush is inserted. It is a thing.

In the above DC machine, preferably, the brush base is larger than a commutator outer diameter on the inner circumference of a brush base formed on the inner circumference side of the mounting position of the brush holder, and is substantially equal to the brush holder. A cylindrical body having a height is provided.

Further, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention holds a brush in a brush holder attached to a brush base in the insertion direction of a commutator, and attaches the brush base to an end bracket. While moving the commutator of the child while pressing the brush held inclined to the brush holder, inserted into the end bracket, further insert the stator on the outer periphery of the armature, to the stator The front bracket is attached.

In the method of assembling the above DC machine, preferably, the commutator is inserted into the end bracket by using the tubular cylindrical body provided in the end bracket as a guide portion.

[0016]

According to the present invention, the stator, the front bracket and the end bracket that respectively hold the stator from the left and right, the armature attached to the shaft whose both ends are rotatably supported by the front bracket and the end bracket, and A brush base attached to the commutator and the end bracket, and attached to this brush base,
In a direct current machine having a brush holder for holding a brush, the brush includes an inclined portion formed on an insertion edge portion of a side surface of the brush facing a bottom surface of the brush holder, so that a commutator can be easily assembled and inserted. Will be possible.

The brush holder is provided on a surface facing the brush bottom surface, and has a convex groove for inserting a pigtail attached to the brush and a pigtail moving member for moving the pigtail inserted through the convex groove. Having the long hole facilitates insertion of the pigtail.

Further, the pigtail mounting surface of the brush is a surface formed one step lower than the side surface of the brush, whereby the total length of the DC machine can be shortened.

Further, the brush holder has a notch portion, which is formed by cutting out a part of the convex groove, in the vicinity of the open end into which the brush of the brush holder is inserted, so that the total length of the DC machine can be shortened. Become.

Further, the brush base has a cylindrical shape which is larger than the outer diameter of the commutator on the inner circumference of the brush base formed on the inner circumference side of the mounting position of the brush holder and has a height substantially equal to that of the brush holder. By providing the cylindrical body, the commutator can be easily inserted.

According to the present invention, the brush is held in the brush holder attached to the brush base in the insertion direction of the commutator, the brush base is attached to the end bracket, and the commutator of the armature is inclined to the brush holder. The brush held is moved while pressing and inserted into the end bracket, the stator is inserted into the outer periphery of the armature, and the front bracket is attached to the stator, which facilitates the assembly of the DC machine. .

Further, the commutator can be easily inserted by inserting the commutator into the end bracket using the cylindrical body provided on the end bracket as a guide portion.

[0023]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of a small DC machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, an armature 1 has a commutator 2 attached to the outer periphery of a shaft 5, an iron core 3 attached to the outer periphery of the shaft 5, and a coil 4 attached to the outer periphery of the iron core 3. It consists of Both ends of the coil 4 are
It is fixed to the commutator 2. The shaft 5 of the armature 1 is a bearing 5
It is supported by the front bracket 7 and the end bracket 8 via 1.

The front bracket 7 and the end bracket 8 are attached to both sides of the housing 61 of the stator 6. A magnet 62 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the housing 61. The housing 61 and the magnet 62 form the stator 6.

The end bracket 8 has a brush base 9
Is attached, and the brush holder 9 is attached to the brush base 9. The brush 11 is inserted in the brush holder 10, and the brush spring 17 inserted in the brush holder 10 causes the brush 11 to move.
Are pressed against the commutator 2. Detailed structures of the brush 11 and the brush holder 10 will be described later with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

A thermistor 19 is closely held between the end bracket 8 and the brush base 9, and is used to detect the temperature of the brush portion and prevent heating.

The total length L1 of the DC machine is 10 in this embodiment.
It is shortened to 0 mm.

Next, the structure of the brush holder of the DC machine according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a brush holder of a DC machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in the drawing, the brush holder 10 has a box shape, and is formed into a box shape by punching a necessary portion of a flat plate with a punch press and then bending it. One end of the brush holder 10 is open, and the brush 11 shown in FIG. 1 is inserted from this open end 10b. The details will be described later with reference to FIG.

A pair of protrusions 10c and 10d are formed on the lower portion of the side surface of the brush holder 10. A protrusion 10e is formed on the lower portion of the brush holder 10 on the open end 10b side. The bottom surface side of the brush holder 10 provided with the protrusions 10c, 10d, and 10e comes into close contact with the brush base. As will be described later with reference to FIG. 4, the protrusions 10c and 10d are used to fix the brush holder 10 to the brush base by being inserted into and engaged with a pair of fitting grooves formed in the brush base. . The protrusion 10e is used to fix the brush holder 10 to the brush base.

On the side opposite to the bottom surface of the brush holder 10, the convex groove 1
2 is formed. Tip part 1 which is one side of convex groove 12
0a is notched. On the other side of the convex groove 12, there is formed a pigtail moving slot 13 for a pigtail which is a lead wire of the brush. The notch of the tip end portion 10a and the elongated hole 13 for pigtail movement may be an integral hole without providing the convex groove 12, but it is better to provide the convex groove 12 in order to secure the strength. Since the DC machine of this embodiment is a DC machine used for cavitts,
Since it is necessary to pass a large current, the pigtail that is the lead wire of the brush has a large diameter, and the height of the convex portion of the convex groove also needs to be high in proportion to the diameter of the pigtail. Depending on the reason, it can be formed low.

Next, the structure of the brush of the DC machine according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG.
1 is a side view of a brush of a DC machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The end surface 11a of the brush 11 is a surface that contacts the commutator. A pigtail take-out surface 11b, which is a step lower than the side surface, is formed on the side surface near the end surface opposite to the end surface 11a. This lowered pigtail ejection surface 11
A conductive pigtail 11c is attached to b. The pigtail 11c is a stranded wire. Pigtail 1
A terminal 11d is attached to the tip of 1c. Further, an inclined portion 14 is provided at an edge of the side of the side opposite to the pigtail take-out surface 11b which is lowered by one step, which is an edge of the brush holder to be inserted into the brush holder.

The pigtail take-out surface 11b and the inclined portion 14 which are lowered by one step from the side surface are characteristic features of this embodiment, and this function will be described later with reference to FIG.

The brush 11 having such a structure is formed as follows. That is, a mold having the same outer shape as that of the brush 11 is prepared. With one end of the pigtail 11c inserted into the mold, graphite and copper powder are filled in the mold, compression molded, and then fired. It is formed.

In this embodiment, the width L2 of the brush 11 is 6.5 mm, whereas the lowered height L3 of the pigtail take-out surface 11b is 1.
It is set to 0 mm. Further, the inclination angle θ1 of the inclined portion 14 is
It is set at 30 °. The height L4 of the end of the inclined portion 14 is
1.0 mm.

Next, the structure of the brush base of the DC machine according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view of a brush base of a DC machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The brush base 9 is made of resin and has parallel fitting grooves 15a, 15b; 15c, 15d extending in the radial direction for mounting the two brush holders 10, and on the inner peripheral side thereof. It has the cylindrical body 16 provided.

As shown in the drawing, the brush holder 10 moves in the direction of arrow A into the fitting grooves 15c, 15d of the brush base 9, and the protrusions 10c, 1 on the bottom surface side of the brush holder 10 are inserted.
0d engages. After inserting the brush holder 10 to a position where the movement of the brush holder 10 in the arrow A direction stops,
The protrusion 10e on the bottom surface side of the open end of the brush holder 10 is bent toward the back side of the paper surface at the opening portion on the inner peripheral side of the tubular cylindrical body 16 to move the brush holder 10 to the brush base 9
Can be fixed to.

A brush holder can be attached to the fitting grooves 15a and 15b.

The screw hole 9a is a hole for screwing the terminal of the brush to establish continuity with the power source side. Also,
The screw hole 9b is for the brush terminal and the brush base 9
This is a hole for fixing the terminal to the ground while fixing it with a screw. The screw hole 9b is a hole for fixing the brush base 9 with a screw and fixing it to the bracket.

In this embodiment, the number of brush holders attached is two, but four brush holders are also applicable.

Next, with reference to FIG. 5, description will be made on the mounting state of the brush on the brush holder of the DC machine according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a brush attached to a brush holder of a DC machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As described with reference to FIG. 4, the brush holder 10 is fixed to the brush base 9.
As shown, the protrusion 1 on the open end side of the brush holder 10
Reference numeral 0e denotes an opening portion on the inner peripheral side of the cylindrical body, which is bent at a right angle to fix the brush holder 10 to the brush base 9.

The brush 11 is inserted into the brush holder 10 as follows. That is, the terminal 11d of the brush 11 is inserted from the open end 10b side of the brush holder 10. The terminal 11d inserted into the brush holder 1
It is inserted into the pigtail moving long hole 13 formed on the upper surface of 0 and is pulled out from the pigtail moving long hole 13. Following the terminal 11d, the pigtail 11c is also inserted into the pigtail moving elongated hole 13.

Since the inclined portion 14 is provided at the corner portion of the bottom surface of the brush 11, the brush 11 is in a state where the inclined surface of the inclined portion 14 and the bottom surface of the brush holder 10 are in surface contact with each other.
Are held in the brush holder 10.

In this state, the brush is pushed by the brush spring 17, the pigtail 11c hits the convex groove 12 and does not come off from the brush holder 10, and its tip is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane of the brush base 9. With the angle of about 30 degrees, the brush holder 10 is inserted upward (opposite armature insertion side) and travels from the brush holder 10.

Now, considering the height L5 of the convex groove 12, this height L5 is the height of the pigtail take-out surface 11b which is one step lower than the pigtail take-out surface 11b, which is one step lower than the mounting surface of the pigtail 11c. The lowered height L3 can be lowered by 1.0 mm by setting it to 1.0 mm. Further, the inclined portion 14 is provided at the corner portion of the surface opposite to the pigtail taking-out surface 11b which is lowered by one step, and the height L4 of the end portion of the inclined portion 14 is 1.0 mm, thereby lowering it by 2.0 mm. be able to. Therefore,
The pigtail take-out surface 11b and the inclined portion 14 which are lowered one step
By providing, compared with the case where these are not provided,
Overall, the height L5 can be lowered by 3.0 mm. By lowering the height L5, the total length of the DC machine can be shortened, which will be described later with reference to FIG.

If the inclined portion 14 is too large,
Since the stability in the brush holder 10 becomes poor when the brush 11 is worn, the size of the inclined portion is such that the pigtail integrally formed in the brush is not exposed even if the brush is worn. Up to the wear limit.

Next, with reference to FIG. 6, the state of attachment of the brush holder to the end bracket of the DC machine according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a state where the brush holder is attached to the end bracket of the DC machine according to the embodiment of the present invention. In addition, the mounting state of the commutator is also shown.

As described with reference to FIG. 5, the two brush holders 10 are fixed to the brush base 9, and the brushes 11 are held in the respective brush holders 10.
A pigtail 11c projects from the pigtail moving slot 13.

After matching the positional relationship between the end bracket 8 and the brush base 9, the terminal 11d and the terminal 19a of the upper brush in the drawing are screwed by the screw 20a.
It is fixed to the brush base 9. The terminal 19a is a terminal for a coil wound around the thermistor shown in FIG. This terminal 19a is not directly related to the present invention, so detailed description will be omitted.

The brush base 9 and the lower terminal 11d are fixed to the end bracket 8 by the screw 20b.
It is fixed to and grounded. Also,
The brush base 9 is fixed to the end bracket 8 with a screw 20c.

Therefore, the cylindrical cylindrical body 16 of the brush base can prevent the wiring 22 on the brush base from coming into contact with the commutator 2 to improve the safety, and also the brush base. It is possible to prevent the heat deformation of the brush and the scattering of the abrasion powder of the brush.

As described above, the commutator is attached to the end bracket with the brush holder attached to the end bracket. The state is described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. explain.

FIG. 7 is a partial sectional view for explaining a mounting state of the commutator on the end bracket and the brush holder of the DC machine according to the embodiment of the present invention. 6 that are the same as those in FIG. 6 indicate the same parts.

After fixing the brush base 9 to the end bracket 8 in the state shown in FIG. 7, the commutator 2 is moved to the tubular cylindrical body 16 of the brush base 9 while pressing the commutator 2 in the direction of arrow P1. Then, the bearing 51 is inserted into the end bracket 8 to complete the assembly. Even when there are a plurality of brushes 11, as shown in FIG. 6, the commutator 2 can be inserted and assembled while pressing the plurality of brushes 11 in the direction of arrow P2 at a time.

Therefore, the brush-based cylindrical body 16
Serves as a guide when the commutator 2 is inserted into the brush portion, which facilitates the work.

After the commutator 2 is completely inserted, the stator is inserted from the outer periphery of the commutator, the armature shaft is attached to the front bracket, and the front bracket is attached to the stator, whereby Assembly of the child is completed.

Next, with reference to FIG. 8, the reason why the DC machine can be miniaturized by this embodiment will be described.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged sectional view of the main part of the DC machine according to the embodiment of the present invention.

First, it is necessary to separate a predetermined distance La so that the convex groove 12 of the brush holder 10 and the riser bent portion 2a of the commutator 2 do not come into contact with each other. In this regard, as described with reference to FIG. 5, the height L5 of the convex groove 12 is
Can be lowered by 1.0 mm by setting the mounting surface of the pigtail 11c as the lowered pigtail take-out surface 11b and lowering the lowered height L3 of the pigtail take-out surface 11b by 1.0 mm. Also,
An inclined portion 14 is provided at the corner of the surface opposite to the pigtail take-out surface 11b that is lowered by one step, and the height L4 of the end portion of the inclined portion 14 is 1.0 mm, so that it can be lowered by 2.0 mm. it can. Therefore, by providing the lowered pigtail take-out surface 11b and the inclined portion 14, the height L5 is 3.
It can be lowered by 0 mm. This height L5 is 3.0m
By lowering m, the total length of the DC machine could be shortened by 3.0 mm.

Next, the riser end 2b of the commutator 2 and the brush holder 10 should not come into contact with each other. It is necessary to separate a predetermined distance Lb. In this regard, as described with reference to FIG. 2, by cutting out the tip end portion 10a of the convex groove 12 of the brush holder 10, the effect of the convex groove can be removed by 2.0 mm as the cutout amount. 2.0m
I was able to shorten it.

That is, as a whole, the total length can be shortened by 5.0 mm, and the total length L1 shown in FIG. 1 can be reduced to 100 mm.

According to this embodiment, the brush is provided with an inclined portion at the edge portion of the side surface facing the bottom surface of the brush holder, and when the brush is inserted in the brush holder, the inclined surface of the brush causes the inclination of the brush at maximum. Since the structure is oriented at the same angle as the surface, the brush inserted in the brush holder is arranged at the brush base with an inclination of the inclination angle of the inclined portion.
The armature can be inserted while pressing the commutator, and the commutator can be easily inserted even when it is fixed to the bracket, which facilitates the assembly.

Further, a convex groove for penetrating the pigtail and an elongated hole for moving the pigtail are provided so that the brush can be easily inserted into the brush holder, and the brush is lowered from the outer peripheral surface by one step. Keep the pigtails out,
By utilizing the inclined surface provided on the brush and penetrating the pigtail into the convex groove, the total length of the DC machine can be shortened.

Further, the brush base has a brush base having an inner diameter larger than the commutator outer diameter and having a height substantially equal to that of the brush holder.
The cylindrical cylindrical body of the guide serves as a guide when the commutator is inserted into the brush portion, and facilitates the work.

Further, it is possible to prevent the wiring on the brush base from coming into contact with the commutator, the thermal deformation of the brush base, and the scattering of abrasion powder of the brush.

[0070]

According to the present invention, the DC machine can be made waterproof and good in assemblability.

Further, the assembly of the DC machine becomes easy.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of a small DC machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a brush holder of a DC machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a brush of a DC machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a brush base of a DC machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a brush attached to a brush holder of a DC machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a state where the brush holder is attached to the end bracket of the DC machine according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view for explaining a state where the commutator is attached to the end bracket and the brush holder of the DC machine according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of a DC machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Armature 2 ... Commutator 3 ... Iron core 4 ... Coil 5 ... Shaft 6 ... Stator 7 ... Front bracket 8 ... End bracket 9 ... Brush base 10 ... Brush holder 10a ... Tip notch 10b ... Open end 10c, 10d, 10e ... Protrusion 11 ... Brush 11b ... Pigtail exit surface 11c ... Pigtail 11d ... Terminal 12 ... Convex groove 13 ... Pigtail moving elongated hole 14 ... Inclined surface 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d ... Fitting groove for mounting the brush holder 16 ... Cylindrical cylindrical body 17 ... Brush spring 19 ... Thermistor 51 ... Bearing 61 ... Housing 62 ... Magnet

Front Page Continuation (72) Inventor Hironori Watanabe 5305, Hitachi Car Electronics Co., Ltd. 3085 Higashiishikawa Nishikouchi, Hitachinaka City, Ibaraki Prefecture

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A stator, a front bracket and an end bracket that respectively hold the stator from the left and right, and an armature and a commutator attached to a shaft whose both ends are rotatably supported by the front bracket and the end bracket. And a brush base attached to the end bracket, and a brush holder attached to the brush base for holding a brush, wherein the brush has a side surface of the brush opposite to a bottom surface of the brush holder. A DC machine having an inclined portion formed at an edge thereof. 2. The DC machine according to claim 1, wherein the brush holder is provided on a surface facing the brush bottom surface, and a convex groove for inserting a pigtail attached to the brush, and the convex groove are provided. A DC machine having a pigtail moving slot for moving the pigtail inserted through the DC machine. 3. The DC machine according to claim 3, wherein the mounting surface of the pigtail of the brush is a surface formed so as to be one step lower than the side surface of the brush. 4. The DC machine according to claim 2, wherein the brush holder has a cutout portion that is formed by cutting out a part of the convex groove in the vicinity of an open end of the brush holder into which the brush is inserted. A DC machine characterized by that. 5. The DC machine according to claim 1, wherein the brush base is larger than a commutator outer diameter on an inner circumference of a brush base formed on an inner circumference side of a mounting position of the brush holder, and A DC machine having a cylindrical body having a height substantially equal to that of the DC machine. 6. A brush holder attached to a brush base holds a brush in the insertion direction of the commutator, the brush base is attached to an end bracket, and the commutator of the armature is inclined to the brush holder. While moving the held brush while pressing it, insert it into the end bracket, further insert the stator on the outer periphery of the armature, and attach the front bracket to the stator of the direct current machine. Assembly method. 7. The method for assembling a DC machine according to claim 6, wherein the commutator is inserted into the end bracket by using the tubular cylindrical body provided in the end bracket as a guide portion. Assembly method.