JPH09277981A - Chain cable compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact and light-weight chain cable compressor which can be easily operated, and reduce shearing force given to a chain cable by half for improving safety. SOLUTION: A device is provided with hinge pins 3 provided almost in parallel to a chain groove 12 to guide a chain cable 5, receiving parts 15, 16 provided at facing positions to each other having the chain groove 12 between them, and a groove 21 wider than a chain diameter and narrower than a shorter axis diameter of a chain ring 52 provided at a center part of a locking bar rotatably installed on the hinge pin 3 and set between both receiving parts 15, 16, so the chain cable 5 is stopped by locking the chain ring 52 which is laid. Otherwise, a pair of stop bars rotatably installed respectively on a pair of the hinge pins 3 are provided almost in parallel to the chain groove 12 at facing positions to each other to be apart from the shorter axis diameter of the chain ring 52 having the chain groove 12 between them, and the chain ring 52 which is laid is locked by a tip of the stop bar for stopping the chain cable 5.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technical field of a chain stopper for locking a chain, and in particular, it is provided between a winch on a deck of a ship and a chain guide hole to moor or tow the ship. It belongs to the technical field of a baring mechanism of a barring type chain controller used for locking a chain cable which is sometimes used.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to moor a ship, an anchor is struck to stop the hull from the seabed, moored to a pier on a quay, or fixed to a mooring buoy connected to the seabed.
Generally, the chain cables used for anchors and barges are stored in the chain lockers of ships, and are used by being extended or rolled up by a windlass or the like to have a required length. The chain cable must be fixed to the vessel for transmission. What is used at this time is a chain stopper fixed on the deck. The chain restraint is installed on the fore tower, stern tower or deck on the port side, between the windlass and the hose pipe. Well-known chain restrainers include a tongue-type chain restrainer and a tongue-type chain restrainer, whose standard size is JI.
It is also established in S. These chain restrainers prevent the chain cable from being pulled against the tensile force by holding the shoulder of the chain ring standing vertically in the chain cable guided in the guide groove from diagonally above with the belly of the bar or the tip of the tongue. It is fixed to the chain stopper.

Also, when used for one-point mooring, the chain cable connected to the mooring buoy must be fixed by a chain restrainer to prevent the ship from flowing. Especially for the chaining chain and chain restraint used for mooring hoses for mooring one point in a crude oil tanker, OCIMF (Petroleum Companies International Maritime Council) makes the chain configuration and size, and the chain restraint shape and mounting. The specifications that must be followed up to the position have been established to ensure versatility. According to OCIMF, one or two chaffing chains with a chain diameter of 76 mm are used to moor a single-point mooring buoy. The chain stopper will be installed 2.7m to 3.7m inside the fairlead on the bow of the tanker. The tanker is moored to the buoy by hoisting the picked-up rope that has been picked up and engaging and fixing the part of the chain chain to the chain restrainer.

Also, when towing by a tugboat or the like, a chain cable may be used and fixed to the ship to transmit the towing force. In particular, there is an IMO (International Maritime Organization) guideline for ETA (Emergency Towing Device) in consideration of an emergency case where a ship that has lost its own steering ability is towed by a rescue tugboat and quickly escapes from a dangerous sea area. . In case of emergency, the tanker can be towed by locking the chaining chain connected to the towing rope received from the towboat with a chain stopper. By the way, in an emergency, one worker must be able to manually set the ETA installed on the bow within one hour, and the ETA installed on the stern within 15 minutes.

In various cases where the chain cable is used in this way, it is necessary to use a chain restrainer having a strength corresponding to the tensile force expected in the chain cable, corresponding to the chain cable for which the strength standard is defined. There is. In the conventional chain restraint, the chain cable is guided in a narrow guide groove so that every other chainring in the chain cable takes a vertical posture, and the upper shoulder of the chainring standing vertically is held. The chain cable is fixed so that it does not move with respect to the chain restraint by holding it down diagonally from above. A resultant force of a pulling force of the chain cable and a compressing force generated in a direction perpendicular to the pulling force is applied to the tip of the bar or the tongue of the chain stopper. Since there is a large angle between the direction in which the chain cable is pulled and the direction in which the bar or tongue of the chain restrainer pushes the chain ring, this resultant force is large, and thus large stress is generated in the bar and tongue. Therefore, a large stress is also generated on the contact surface of the recess that holds the bar and the shaft that holds the tongue. For this reason, the chain stopper needs to have a large and robust structure corresponding to the target chain cable.

Further, since the tongue of the chain stopper abuts on the chain ring at one place, a shearing force is intensively generated at the abutting place, and in extreme cases, the chain breaks at the abutting part. There may be cases. Due to the partial decrease in the strength of the part that contacts the chain suppressor, an effective decrease in strength occurs, and it is necessary to design a chain cable with a sufficiently large safety factor to guarantee the strength as a whole. Become.

In order to deal with the above problem, instead of abutting a tongue or the like of a chain stopper on one shoulder of the chain ring,
A method of dispersing the shearing force by simultaneously suppressing both shoulders can be considered. If the tensile force is counteracted at two locations in this way, the stress generated in the chain suppressor will be half that in the case of abutting at one location, and it will be smaller and more robust than the tongue of conventional chain suppressors. It is possible to obtain a chain restrainer having various action parts. Further, the chain cable can also eliminate the adverse effect of stress concentration, and as a result, the safety factor can be further increased even if the cable having the same thickness is used.

[0008] The Cokms Engineering Co., Ltd. of Sweden, which is designed under such an idea, has two stop cleats at opposite positions sandwiching the chain cable to stop the shoulders of the chain ring laid horizontally by suppressing both shoulders. There is a double chain restrainer made by (KOCKUMS Engineering AB).
As shown in FIG. 7, the Cokms double chain restrainer is welded symmetrically on both sides of a guide groove through which a chain cable is passed so as to incline inward. Rotational locking devices are provided inside the fixed locking devices. A hydraulic actuator is attached to the rotary lock, and the rotary lock can be driven manually or automatically from a remote location or in the field.

If the rotation locking member is rotated outward to avoid it, the chain cable slides along the guide groove and the anchor can be anchored by the windlass. On the other hand, rotate the rotation lock inward so that the inner end surface of the rotation lock contacts the shoulder of the reclining ring of the chain cable and the outer end surface contacts the end surface of the fixed lock. For example, the pulling force acting on the chain cable can be stopped by the fixed locking device and grasped. Since the double chain restrainer of Cokms supports the chain ring of the chain cable from both sides, the tensile force received by one locking tool is halved, and the strength of the locking tool is reduced accordingly. Also, the shearing force acting on the chain cable is 2
Since the strength of the chain cable is dispersed in different places, the degree of decrease in strength of the chain cable when it is gripped by the chain restrainer can be small, so that the safety factor can be small.

[0010]

However, the double chain restrainer of Cockmuz has a long total length including a fixed locking member and a rotary locking member, and these are at a predetermined angle with respect to the guide groove. Since it is arranged so as to have a width, the width of the chain stopper becomes large. Further, since the mechanism for rotating the rotation locking device is provided separately from the force receiving mechanism, the overall structure is complicated, the device becomes large, and the device weight becomes large. Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a small-sized, lightweight and easy-to-operate chain damper that controls a chain cable used for mooring and towing a ship, and to control the chain cable by dispersing the tensile force received from the chain cable. This is to improve the safety of the chain by halving the shearing force applied to the chain cable by the chain.

[0011]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the first chain restraint of the present invention has a chain groove which is wider than the chain diameter of the chain cable and narrower than the minor axis diameter of the chain ring, and a chain groove. Hinge pin provided in parallel,
Equipped with a receiving part that is opposed to the hinge pin across the chain groove, and is provided at a position apart from the minor axis diameter of the chain ring, and a bar that is rotatably attached to the hinge pin and hung around the receiving part. , A hole for inserting a stopper pin is provided in the receiving portion, a groove wider than the chain diameter and narrower than the short axis diameter of the chain ring is provided in the central portion of the bar, and the stopper pin passes through the end on the rotating side. A pin hole is provided, and a stopper pin is fitted and fixed in the pin hole when the pin hole is provided between the pin hole and the receiving portion.

Further, the second chain suppressor of the present invention faces a chain groove wider than the chain diameter of the chain cable and narrower than the minor axis diameter of the chain ring, and facing the chain groove apart from the minor axis diameter of the chain ring. At a position substantially parallel to the chain groove, and a pair of stop bars rotatably attached to each of the hinge pins, the pair of stop bars being on the chain groove side. The feature is that the space created between the tips of the two stop bars facing each other when it falls down is wider than the chain diameter and narrower than the short axis diameter of the chain ring. Further, it is preferable to include an actuator that drives the stop bar between the open position and the closed position. Moreover, these chain restrainers can be fixedly used on the deck of a ship.

According to the first chain suppressor of the present invention, the hinge bar is rotatably attached to the hinge pin provided in parallel and close to the chain groove, and the bar is guided in the chain groove. The width of the chain stopper is regulated by the length of the bar because the other end of the bar is put on the front side of the chain ring lying horizontally and stopped at the other end with the stopper pin. Since the length of the bar is not required to significantly exceed the width of the chain cable, the chain stopper of the present invention can be made smaller than the conventional double chain stopper.

Further, since the edge portion forming the groove in the central portion of the bar is engaged with the two shoulder portions of the chain ring to receive the tensile force of the chain cable in a distributed manner, the conventional force is received at one place. The strength of the bar of the chain stopper of the present invention may be lower than that of the bar of the chain type chain controller of the present invention. Further, in the chain control device of the present invention, the hinge pin for rotating the bar is also a member that receives a reaction force against the tensile force of the chain cable, which simplifies the structure. In addition, since the device is configured to be small and lightweight and the operation is simple, it is possible to control in a short time even in an emergency.

Further, according to the second chain suppressor of the present invention, the stop bar is rotated on each of the two hinge pins provided in parallel and close to the chain groove at positions facing each other with the chain groove interposed therebetween. It is mounted so that it can be guided by the chain groove and dropped in front of the horizontally lying chainring to regulate the chain cable. Here, the width of the chain stopper is regulated by the length of the stop bar, but it is not necessary to significantly exceed the width of the chain cable. Therefore, the chain stopper of the present invention is compared with the conventional double chain stopper. And can be formed in a small size.

Further, since the end portions of the two stop bars are engaged with the shoulder portions of the chain ring to receive the tensile force of the chain cable, the strength of the stop bar may be low. Further, in the chain damper of the present invention, the hinge pin for rotating the stop bar also functions as a member that receives a reaction force against the tensile force of the chain cable, and the structure is simplified. Furthermore, by providing an actuator that drives between the open position where the stop bar is flipped up and the closed position where the stop bar is tilted inward, even a weak operator can easily operate. In addition, remote control and automatic control are possible, and control that matches the windlass is also possible.
Further, by using these chain restrainers fixedly mounted on the deck of a ship, the ship can be moored and towed, and further, the preparation for towing in an emergency becomes easy.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The chain suppressor according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a perspective view of a first chain controller of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 3 is an elevation view thereof.
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional side view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. In the figure, 1 is a body frame, 2 is a bar, 3 is a hinge pin, 4 is a stop pin, and 5 is a chain cable.

The body frame 1 is provided with a groove 11 for guiding the chain cable 5. The guide groove 11 includes a narrow chain groove 12 that receives and guides the upright ring 51 of the chain ring of the chain cable 5, a flat surface portion 13 that guides the reclining ring 52 and regulates the surface position, and side walls 14 on both sides. To be done. The width of the chain groove 12 is formed to be wider than the chain diameter and narrower than the minor axis diameter of the chain ring depending on the target chain cable 5. The distance between the side walls 14 is wider than the minor axis diameter of the chain ring so that the chain cable 5 can move smoothly. A pair of opening portions 15 and 16 for receiving the bar 2 are provided in the central portions of the side walls 14 on both sides at opposite positions sandwiching the guide groove 11 to form a receiving portion. A flange having a hole is opposed to and joined to the opening portion. The hinge pin 3 is fixed in the hole of the flange of the one opening 15. The hinge pin 3 penetrates the shaft hole of the bolt bar 2 so that the bolt bar 2 can rotate around the hinge pin 3.

The bar 2 has a stop pin 4 at the other end.
It has a hole through which the bar 2 can be
When it is dropped into the passage of No. 2, it communicates with the hole of the flange of the other opening 16, and the stop pin 4 is passed through the hole that has been communicated with to stop the bolt bar 2. A cutout portion 21 is provided in a substantially central portion of the bar 2. The width of the notch 21 is formed to be wider than the chain diameter of the chain ring 52 and narrower than the short axis diameter of the chain ring 51, and the depth is formed to be larger than the sum of half the chain diameter and half the short axis length. The broken chain ring 52 is brought into contact with the cutout portion 21 and locked, so that the vertically elongated chain ring 51 can pass with a margin.

The lower end edge 23 of the cutout portion 21 is made to fit the outer shape of the chain ring 52 in order to sufficiently increase the area of the portion where the chain ring 52 contacts to reduce the surface pressure and prevent the member from being deformed. It is cut out in a cylindrical shape. In addition, in order to reduce the weight of the bar 2, the eaves 22 for supplementing the strength of the notch 21 are formed in the center instead of making the thickness of the bar 2 as small as possible. A counterweight 24 with a handle 25 is attached to the lantern bar 2 to reduce the load when driving the gantry bar 2 and facilitate the operation of an operator or an actuator. In addition, a lock pin 17 is provided to keep the bar 2 locked to the flange of the opening 15 so that the bar 2 does not unexpectedly fall from the state of being flipped up. ing.

The chain suppressor of the present invention is arranged at a position slightly retracted from the hose pipe or fair lead of a ship to the side of the ship and fixed on the deck by welding or the like. For example, in the case of an anchor chain, the chain cable fed from the chain rocker by the windlass is supplied to the outboard from the hose pipe through the chain restrainer. Mooring the ship by pulling anchors and ropes connected to the chain cable.
In addition, the pickup rope of the mooring hose connected to the one-point mooring buoy is pulled up from the fair lead to the top of the boat and wound around the winch, and the chafing chain is engaged with the chain restrainer to moor the hull to the buoy. Further, when used for an ETA (emergency towing device), the towing rope passed from the tugboat is connected to the chaining chain, and the chaining chain is locked by the chain restrainer. In this way the tugboat will be able to tow the tanker.

In an open state in which the chain cable 5 and other parts pass through the chain restraint in preparation for mooring and towing, the chain stopper 2 is flipped up and locked by the lock pin 17 in the chain restrainer. Prevent the bar 2 from falling while the cable 5 and the like are moving in the guide groove 11. When the chain cable 5 is fed out for an appropriate length, the lock pin 17 is pulled out and the bar 2 of the chain stopper is dropped into the guide groove 11 to close the chain bar 5, and both side edge portions of the cutout 21 of the bar 2 are removed. 23 abuts on both shoulders in the pulling direction of the reclining chain ring 52 of the chain cable 5 to stop the movement of the chain cable 5.

When the chain cable 5 is fixed to the vessel by the chain restraint, the chain cable 5 can transmit the pulling force to the vessel through the chain restraint. At this time, the tensile force is shared by the two end edge portions 23 of the notch portion 21, so that the stress generated in the end edge portion 23 is almost halved as compared with the conventional bolt or tongue. Therefore, the strength required for the bar 2 used in the chain damper of the present invention is reduced as compared with the conventional bar which is supported by one point. However, since the notch 21 is provided at the center of the bar 2, the eaves 22 for supplementing the strength are formed. Further, since the force is transmitted in contact with the bar 2 at two points of the chain ring 52, the shearing force generated in the chain ring 52 due to the tensile force is dispersed at the two contact points and becomes almost half. Therefore, the limit load at which the chain cable 5 is broken by the shearing force by the shearing force also becomes large, and the safety factor for the design strength of the chain cable can be made small. In this way, the amount of decrease in the strength of the chain suppressor, which tends to significantly reduce the effective strength of the chain cable 5, becomes small.
It also has the effect of weakening the demand for strength.

In the above description, the side wall 14 is provided in the guide groove 11 in order to guide the chain cable 5 more reliably, but the side wall 14 also serves as a member for receiving the tensile force applied to the chain cable 5. The side wall 14 is formed thick enough to withstand this force. Further, a driving device such as a pneumatic actuator, a hydraulic actuator, or an electric actuator can be provided to drive the bar 2. With such a device, an operator can easily open and close the bar 2 by operating it on site, and can also operate it from a remote location. Further, it becomes possible to operate the windlass automatically by linking with the control device. In particular, when a pneumatic drive device is used, it has the advantage that it can be driven even in an emergency when the power is cut off by accumulating air pressure in an accumulator or the like. Since the chain controller of the present invention is easy to operate, it is possible to easily meet the set time standard required in an emergency.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the second chain suppressor of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a partial sectional side view showing the opening / closing state of the stop bar. In the figure, elements having the same functions as those in the first chain controller of the present invention are designated by the same reference numerals to avoid duplication of description. The part where the second chain stopper of the present invention is different from the first chain stopper is that two stop bars 6 are used instead of one bar and the two stop bars 6 are respectively provided in the chain groove 12. The hinge pin 3 provided on the side is rotatably attached to the shaft so that the chain cable 5 is restrained by dropping from both sides of the chain groove 12 and engaging with both shoulders of the chain ring 52. .

The body frame 1 has the same shape as shown in FIGS. However, the openings 15 facing each other across the chain groove 12 hold the hinge pin 3 substantially parallel to the chain groove 12, and both of them also hold the lock pin 17 for holding the stop bar 6 in the open state.
Can be set. The length of the stop bar 6 is such that the space formed between the tips of the two stop bars 6 facing each other when the stop bar 6 is folded inside the chain groove 12 is wider than the chain diameter of the chain ring 51 and the minor axis diameter of the chain ring 52. It is designed to be narrower. The lower end edge portion 63 of the tip of the stop bar 6 is cut into a cylindrical shape in accordance with the outer shape of the chain ring 52 in order to increase the contact area with which the reclining chain ring 52 abuts and prevent a large deformation. Missing. Stop bar 6
A counterweight 64 with a handle 65 is attached to the device to facilitate the operation of driving the stop bar 6 by an operator or an actuator.

The second chain restraint device of the present invention, like the first chain restraint device, is fixed on the deck of a ship by welding or the like. When the chain cable 5 is paid out, the stop bar 6 is flipped up and stopped by the lock pin 17, so that the chain cable 5 can freely pass through the guide groove. When the chain cable 5 is extended for an appropriate length, the lock pin 17
When the chain stopper is pulled out and the stop bar 6 is dropped into the guide groove to be closed, the end edge 63 of the end of the stop bar 6 comes into contact with both shoulders of the reclining chain ring 52 in the pulling direction of the chain cable. Stop the movement of 5. Since the hinge pin 3 can be installed immediately outside the guide groove 11, the width of the chain stopper can be reduced. It should be noted that the structure of the stop bar 6 can be made simpler and smaller than that of the bar 2 in the first chain controller of the present invention.

Since the hinge pin 3 receives the rotational moment generated in the stop bar 6, the hinge pin 3 is fixed to the flange of the opening 15 with sufficient strength.
The component of the force applied to the stop bar 6 parallel to the chain groove can be received by the flange of the opening 15 with which the side surface of the stop bar 6 abuts. Similar to the first embodiment, the side wall 14 is formed thick enough to withstand this force. Further, the shearing force generated in the chain ring 52 due to the tensile force is dispersed at the two contact points and becomes almost half, and the safety factor for the design strength of the chain cable 5 can be made small. If a drive device such as a hydraulic actuator is provided to drive the stop bar 6, an operator can easily open and close the worksite or a remote place, and the control device can also be operated automatically. It will be possible.

[0029]

As described above, according to the present invention, even if the same chain cable is targeted as compared with the conventional ordinary chain suppressor, since the tensile force is dispersed when restrained, a smaller and lighter chain controller is obtained. Can be applied and the operation time can be shortened. In addition, it is possible to save the space occupied by the deck because it is smaller than the conventional double chain controller. Further, since the chain stopper makes contact with the chain ring at two places, the shearing force applied to the ring is reduced by half, so that the safety of the chain cable can be improved.

[0030]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a chain control device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a chain control device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an elevational view showing a chain suppressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a partial cross-sectional side view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a chain control device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing the open / closed state of the stop bar in the second chain damper of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a conventional double chain damper.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Main Frame 11 Guide Groove 12 Chain Groove 13 Plane 14 Side Walls 15 and 16 Opening 17 Lock Pin 2 Kanuki Bar 21 Notch 22 22 Eaves 23 End Edge 24 Counterweight 25 Handle 3 Hinge Pin 4 Stop Pin 5 Chain Cable 51 , 52 Chainring 6 Stop bar 63 Lower edge 64 Counterweight 65 Handle

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A chain groove that is wider than the chain diameter of a chain cable and narrower than the minor axis diameter of a chain ring, a hinge pin that is provided substantially parallel to the chain groove, and opposes the hinge pin across the chain groove. A chain restrainer comprising a receiving portion provided at a position apart from the minor axis diameter of the chain ring, and a bar that is rotatably attached around the hinge pin and hung between the receiving portion, The receiving portion is provided with a hole into which a stopper pin for receiving and receiving the hollow bar is inserted, and a groove wider than the chain diameter of the chain cable and narrower than the minor axis diameter of the chain ring is provided in the central portion of the bar, and the hinge pin is provided. A pin hole through which the stopper pin passes is provided at the end on the side different from the end where the shaft hole through which the shaft passes is provided. Seikusari device, characterized in that the the pin hole fitted to said stopper pin is fixed to Sutoki. 2. The chain suppressor according to claim 1, wherein an eaves portion for supplementing strength is provided in a central portion of the bar. 3. A chain groove that is wider than the chain diameter of the chain cable and narrower than the minor axis diameter of the chain ring, and at a position facing the chain groove apart from the minor axis diameter of the chain ring with respect to the chain groove. A chain restrainer comprising a pair of hinge pins provided substantially in parallel and a pair of stop bars rotatably attached to each of the pair of hinge pins, wherein the pair of stop bars is the chain. A chain restrainer characterized in that a gap that is wider than the chain diameter of the chain cable and narrower than the minor axis diameter of the chain ring is formed between the ends of both stop bars when falling to the groove side. 4. The chain suppressor according to claim 3, further comprising an actuator that drives the stop bar between an open position where the chain cable can move and a closed position where the chain cable engages and restrains the chain cable. Chain control device characterized by. 5. A method of using a chain suppressor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is used by being fixedly installed on a deck of a ship.