JPH09274906A - On-vehicle structure of battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To break the circuit by insulating each battery from another when an electric vehicle with a plurality of batteries mounted thereon is in collision. SOLUTION: A plurality of batteries 10 is incorporated in series and slidably in line in a battery case 16. And between respective batteries 10 a separating spring 46 which applies force into the direction separating away batteries each from other is inserted. At the ends of battery case 16 a cover 26 is provided which has one edge pivotally supported by the case 16, which cover 26 comprises a connecting rod 28 having a case electrode 30 on the tip. On the connecting rod 28 and the case electrode 30, a press spring 36 is applied. Batteries 10 are inserted in the case 16, then the cover 26 is closed against the force applied from the separator spring 46 and the press spring 36, then it is fixed by a pin 42. If a collision is detected, the pin 42 evacuates to open the cover 26 to separate each battery 10 from other by the separator spring 46 to break the circuit.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structure for mounting a plurality of batteries on a vehicle, and more particularly to a battery connecting structure for arranging a plurality of batteries in series.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, electric vehicles have been developed in consideration of environmental problems, and some have been put to practical use. An electric vehicle runs a motor by driving a motor with the electric power stored in a battery mounted on the vehicle. Since the voltage applied to the motor is much higher than the voltage generated by one cell, these cells are connected in series. For example,
Further, a plurality of batteries formed by connecting six cells in series are connected in series to obtain a desired voltage.

[0003]

As described above, in the case of an electric vehicle, it is essential to mount a battery as its energy source. The batteries are connected in series to obtain a high voltage. Therefore, in the electric vehicle, there is a problem that high-voltage leakage occurs when the vehicle causes an accident.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle-mounted battery connecting structure in which a high-voltage leakage does not occur in the event of an accident.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a first battery mounting structure according to the present invention is a structure for mounting and holding a plurality of batteries in a vehicle. Connection means for connecting in series, collision detection means for detecting a vehicle collision, and connection release means for releasing the connection state of the plurality of batteries by the connection means when a collision is detected by the collision detection means. are doing.
According to this configuration, when the vehicle collides, the series connection state of the batteries can be released, so that it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a high-voltage electric leak that becomes a power source of the vehicle.

A second battery mounting structure according to the present invention is the same as the first battery mounting structure described above.
The disconnection means is arranged between adjacent batteries,
An elastic member for urging the adjacent battery in a separating direction, wherein the connecting means resists the urging force of the elastic member,
It keeps the battery connected. According to this configuration, the same effect as the vehicle-mounted structure of the first battery can be obtained, and the connected state of the battery can be reliably released by the simple configuration.

Further, a third battery vehicle-mounted structure according to the present invention is the above-described first or second battery vehicle-mounted structure, wherein the collision sensing means locks the weight member and the weight member at normal times. The weight member has a fastening means, and the collision is detected when the weight member is separated from the fastening means by the impact of the collision.

According to this structure, the same effect as the in-vehicle structure of the first or second battery can be obtained, and the collision can be detected with a simple structure.

A fourth battery mounting structure according to the present invention is a structure for mounting and holding a plurality of batteries in a vehicle in a serial connection state, and is arranged on the front, rear, left and right of the vehicle to keep a distance to an obstacle. From the distance sensor for detecting, the approach speed calculation means for calculating the change rate of the distance to the obstacle detected by the distance sensor, the distance to the obstacle and the change rate of this distance, the obstacle is actually A collision detection means for determining whether or not the vehicle will collide, and a disconnection means for disconnecting the plurality of batteries when the collision is estimated by the collision detection means. I have. According to this configuration, the connection state of the battery can be released before the collision occurs.

A fifth battery on-vehicle structure according to the present invention is the same as the first or second battery on-vehicle structure, wherein the collision detecting means of the fourth battery on-vehicle structure is used as the collision detecting means. It was what I had. According to this structure, the same effect as the vehicle-mounted structure of the first or second battery can be obtained, and the connected state of the battery can be released in advance before a collision occurs.

Further, a sixth battery mounting structure according to the present invention is a structure for mounting and holding a plurality of batteries on a vehicle, wherein the plurality of batteries are connected in series, and among the batteries connected in series, At least one pair of two batteries adjacent to each other allows a state of both a connection position where the batteries are connected and a separated position where the batteries are separated from each other, and when the batteries are in the separated position, a holding means capable of holding this state, and a collision. Due to the impact at the time, the battery at the connection position is moved to the separated position by the holding means. According to this configuration, the battery held at the separated position can be reliably held at this position by the impact at the time of a collision, and it can be prevented that the battery becomes the connected position again.

A seventh battery mounting structure according to the present invention is a structure for mounting and holding a plurality of batteries in a vehicle in series, and a rod that moves with deformation of the vehicle body when the vehicle collides. And a dividing means for dividing the plurality of batteries in series into at least two groups by moving the rod. With this configuration, the batteries connected in series at the time of collision can be divided, and the occurrence of high-voltage leakage can be prevented.

An eighth battery mounting structure according to the present invention is the wedge battery mounting structure according to the seventh battery mounting structure, wherein the wedge member is inserted into a gap between adjacent batteries by the movement of the rod to separate the adjacent batteries. And further includes an urging means for urging the dividing means so that the wedge member retracts from the gap between the adjacent batteries. According to this configuration, the wedge member is reliably held in the position retracted from the battery gap during normal operation, and the battery is reliably divided in the case of an accident involving deformation of the vehicle body such that leakage of the battery becomes a problem. be able to. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of high voltage leakage.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Preferred embodiments of the on-vehicle battery structure according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as embodiments)
Will be described with reference to the drawings.

First Embodiment FIGS. 1 and 2 show the configuration of the first embodiment. FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway plan view, and FIG. 2 is an AA shown in FIG.
It is sectional drawing in a line. The battery 10 incorporates six cells of a lead secondary battery and generates a voltage of about 12 V at the electrodes 12 and 14 provided at the left and right ends in FIG.
The batteries 10 are arranged in a line in a battery case 16, and adjacent electrodes 12 and 14 are connected to form a series connection, so that a high voltage is generated between the outermost electrodes. A guide groove 18 is formed on the side surface of the battery case 16 along the arrangement direction of the batteries 10, and a guide engaging portion 20 that engages with the guide groove 18 is provided on the side surface of the battery case 16. . The guide engagement portion 20 is movable along the guide groove 18, so that the batteries 10 are movable in the battery case 16 in the arrangement direction.

The guide groove 18 and the guide engaging portion 20 will be described in detail. The guide groove 18 has a side surface of about 45
The guide engaging portion 20 is inclined, while the guide engaging portion 20 is a ridge having a triangular cross section. A linear bearing 22 is provided on the side surface of the guide groove 18, and the battery 1
0 is held in the battery case. Therefore, the battery 10 can slide within the battery case 16 with a relatively small force.

A case electrode 24 is provided on one end surface (left end surface in FIG. 1) of the battery case 16 so as to come into contact with the electrode 14 of the leftmost battery 10.

At the other end, a lid 26 is provided, the one end of which is rotatably supported on the battery case 16 by a pivot shaft 25. Further, the lid 26 is provided when the lid is in a position to close the case 16. The contact rod 28 is slidable in the battery arrangement direction. At one end of the contact rod 28,
A case electrode 30 is provided so as to come into contact with the electrode 12 of the battery 10 at the rightmost end. In addition, the contact rod 28
A male screw 32 is formed at the other end of the. Further, the contact rod 28 is provided with a ball spline 34 as a detent for the lid body 26a. Case electrode 3
0 is biased to the right by a pressing spring 36 arranged between the electrode 30 and the lid body 26a. A nut 37 is screwed onto the male screw 32 to position the contact rod 28. The lid 26 and the case 1
6 is made of an insulating material such as fiber reinforced plastic, and the electrode 24 and the rod 28 are electrically disconnected.

Further, a pin hole 40 having a linear bearing 38 is provided at the pivoting tip of the lid 26. A pin 42, which is attached to the battery case 16 and is movable in a direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the batteries 10, can be inserted into the pin hole 40. The pin 42 is controlled to move back and forth by a bidirectional electromagnetic solenoid 44.
When the pin 42 is in the advanced position and engaged with the pin hole 40, the lid 26 is held in the closed position.

A separation spring 46 for urging the adjacent electrodes 10 in the direction of separating the adjacent electrodes is provided between the adjacent batteries 10 and between the leftmost battery 10 and the battery case 16 on the support protrusion 48 provided on each battery 10. It is fixedly placed.

When the battery 10 is stored in the battery case 16, the guide groove 18 and the guide engaging portion 20 are engaged with each other from the right side in FIG. At this time, the contacts of the adjacent batteries are held in a separated state by the biasing force of the separation spring 46.

After inserting a predetermined number, the nut 37 is rotated to move the contact rod 28 in the direction of pulling it out. At this time, the pressing spring 36 is compressed and the case electrode 30 approaches the lid body 26a. Then, the lid 26 is closed, the pin 42 is inserted into the pin hole 40, and the closed state of the lid 26 is maintained.
Then, the nut 37 is loosened and the contact rod 28 and the case electrode 30 are moved in the direction of contacting the battery 10. As the case electrode 30 moves, the separation spring 46
Are compressed, the adjacent battery electrodes 12 and 14 contact each other, and are connected in series. Therefore, the biasing force of the pressing spring 36 is set to be sufficiently larger than the total sum of the biasing forces of the separation springs 46 arranged between the batteries 10.

In this way, the biasing force of the pressing spring 36 can surely bring the battery electrodes into contact with each other, and even if the electrodes wear and the distance between the outermost battery electrodes 12 and 14 changes. Make sure that each battery electrode 12, 14
The contact state between the case electrodes 24 and 30 can be maintained.

When the vehicle collides due to an accident or the like, the impact at this time is detected by an acceleration sensor (not shown), and when the acceleration exceeds a predetermined value, the electromagnetic solenoid 44 retracts the pin 42. As a result, the pressing force for contacting the adjacent battery or the like, which has been exerted by the lid 26 and the pressing spring 36, is released. In other words, the lid 26 is opened by the biasing force of the pressing spring 36 and the spacing spring 46, and each battery 10 is also separated by the biasing force of the spacing spring 46.

Therefore, the circuit including the battery 10 is cut off to prevent leakage. In particular, since the separation springs 46 are arranged between each battery 10 and between the end battery and the case, the batteries 10 can be reliably separated one by one, and a maximum of about 12 V can be obtained between arbitrary terminals. It can be a voltage.
In this way, even if the vehicle body is damaged due to an accident or the like, it is possible to prevent leakage by disconnecting the circuit by disconnecting the adjacent battery, so that a power cable for supplying power to the drive motor, The degree of freedom in designing the arrangement of batteries can be expanded.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the contact rod 28 and the pressing spring 36 for serially connecting the batteries slidably held by the guide grooves 18 engaged with the guide engaging portions 20 of the respective batteries are provided. , A pin hole 40 opened in the lid 26 provided with the abutting rod 28, and a pin 42 for inserting the pin into the pin hole 40 and closing the lid 26 to maintain the battery in series connection. It functions as a connecting means for connecting in series. Further, an acceleration sensor provided in the vehicle body for detecting a shock (acceleration) generated by the collision functions as a collision detection means, and when the acceleration sensor detects the collision, the electromagnetic pin for pulling out the pin 42 from the pin hole 40 is detected. The separation spring 46, which urges the solenoid 44 and the adjacent battery in a direction to separate them, functions as a disconnecting means. Further, the separation spring 46 functions as an elastic member.

Second Embodiment FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the second embodiment according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment described above are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

The battery 50 has a guide groove 1 provided in the battery case 52, as in the first embodiment.
8 and a guide engaging portion 20 provided on the battery 50 are slidably held. At both ends of the battery 50 and the left end of the battery case 52, a connecting pin 54
Is provided, and a connecting metal fitting 56 is laid between adjacent connecting pins 54.

In FIG. 4, the connecting pin 54 and the connecting fitting 5 are shown.
Six detailed configurations are shown. The connecting fitting 56 has an oval shape that bridges the connecting pins 54a and 54b, and positioning protrusions 58a and 58b for positioning the connecting pins 54a and 54b are provided near the ends.
As shown in the figure, the length of the connecting fitting 56 in the longitudinal direction is sufficiently longer than the distance between the connecting pins 54a and 54b. Therefore, when one connecting pin, for example, the connecting pin 54a is located between the end of the connecting fitting 56 and the positioning projection 58a, the other connecting pin 54b is not the end of the connecting fitting 56 but the positioning projection. It is located between 58a and 58b. In the figure, this position is illustrated by a solid line.

Further, the present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the pin 42 for holding the lid 26 in the closed position is moved to the retracted position. The pin 42 is the spring 5
It is biased in the advancing direction by 8 and is normally fixed at the advancing position. The pin 42 is also connected to a lever 62 that is rotatably supported by the shaft 60, and the swing of the lever 62 and the advance / retreat of the pin 42 are interlocked. Lever 6
At the other end of 2, the weight 64 penetrates the cylinder 66 in which the weight 64 can slide, and the lever 62 is rotated by the collision of the weight 64. The weight 64 is normally the magnet 6
When it is adsorbed by 8 and an inertial force exceeding the magnetic force acts, it moves in the cylinder 66 and collides with the lever 62.

When the battery 50 is stored in the battery case 52, the end portion 62a of the lever 62 is moved to the left in the figure, the pin 42 is set to the retracted position, the lid 26 is opened, and the guide groove 18 and the guide engaging portion 20 are separated. Battery 50 engaged
Are sequentially inserted into the case 52. After the insertion, as in the first embodiment, the cover 26 is closed while the contact rod 28 is retracted, the nut 37 is further loosened, and the contact rod 28 presses the contact point of the adjacent battery into a contact position. . The electrode 30 at the tip of the contact rod 28 is in contact with the electrode 12 of the battery 50 at the right end by the urging force of the pressing spring 36, and all the batteries 50 are contacted by the pressing spring 36 and held at the connection position. ing.
Therefore, even if the electrodes are worn, the battery connection state can be maintained.

Further, connecting fittings 56 are attached to the connecting pins 54 adjacent to the ends of the battery 50 and the case 52. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, one connecting pin 54a is at the end position of the connecting fitting and the other connecting pin 54a.
b is located between the positioning protrusions 54a and 54b.

When the vehicle collides due to an accident or the like, particularly in the case of colliding rightward in FIG. 3, the weight 64 is released from the magnet 68 by its inertia.
Collide with This collision causes the lever 62 to rotate and the pin 42 to come out of the pin hole 40. The pin hole 40 has a first
Similar to the embodiment, the linear bearing 38 is provided to reduce the friction with the pin 42.
Further, the linear bearing 70 is also provided in the hole through which the pin 42 opened in the battery case 52 penetrates, thereby reducing friction. When the pin 42 comes out,
The lid 26 is opened by the urging force of the pressing spring 36. In this way, the weight 64, the cylinder 66, the lever 62, and the pin 42 act as a means for releasing the restraining force for pressing the batteries 50 against each other by the lid 26 and the like.

Further, an inertial force is also applied to the battery 50 due to the collision, and the battery 50 tends to move to the right in FIG. 3, which also causes a force to open the lid 26. On the other hand, although the individual batteries 50 try to move to the right,
The movement is restricted by the connecting pin 54 and the connecting fitting 56, and the pin 54b in FIG. 4 does not move beyond the position of the end of the connecting fitting 56 shown by the broken line. At this time, the pin 54b
Comes into contact with the positioning protrusion 58b of the connecting fitting 56, pushes the connecting fitting 56 open as shown by the chain double-dashed line, and moves to the end. After that, it is held at this position by the positioning protrusion 58b. Therefore, the electrodes 12 and 14 of the battery 50 and the electrode 24 of the battery case are held at positions separated by the connecting fitting.

As described above, the circuit including the battery 50 is cut off, and the electric leakage can be prevented. In particular, since the adjacent metal pieces 50 can be held at positions separated from each other by the connecting metal fittings 56, the circuit disconnection state can be reliably maintained. In this way, even if the vehicle body is damaged due to an accident or the like, it is possible to prevent leakage by disconnecting the circuit by disconnecting the adjacent battery, so that a power cable for supplying power to the drive motor, The degree of freedom in designing the arrangement of batteries can be expanded.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the contact rod 28 and the pressing spring 36 for serially connecting the batteries slidably held by the guide groove 18 engaging with the guide engaging portion 20 of each battery are provided. , A pin hole 40 formed in the lid 26 provided with the contact rod 28, and a pin 42 for inserting the pin hole 40 and closing the lid 26 to maintain the battery in series connection are Function as connecting means for connecting in series. In addition, the weight 64, which is normally attached to the magnet 68 serving as the stopping means and is separated from the magnet 68 by the impact (acceleration) generated by the collision, functions as the collision sensing means. The lever 62 that rotates by the movement of the weight 64 functions as a disconnecting means.

In addition, in another aspect of the present embodiment,
The connecting metal fitting 56, together with the connecting pin that engages with the connecting metal fitting 56, allows adjacent batteries to be in the connection position and also functions as a holding means for holding the adjacent batteries in the separated position. Then, the connecting pins 54 are attached to both ends of the connecting fitting 56.
By moving a and 54b, the battery is held in this position.

Third Embodiment Next, a third embodiment will be described. In the above-described second embodiment, the pin 42 can be moved back and forth by the solenoid 44 of the first embodiment.

Further, this control is performed as shown in FIG.
Based on the distance sensor 72 that detects the distance to the front obstacle, the approach speed calculator 74 that calculates the time change rate of the distance detected by the distance sensor 72, and the distance to the obstacle and the change rate of this distance. It is also possible to control the solenoid 44 by analyzing with a central processing unit (CPU) 78 whether the vehicle actually collides with an obstacle. Specifically, it is determined whether to collide with the obstacle based on the distance to the front obstacle, the steering angle, and the vehicle speed. If the collision cannot be avoided, the CPU 78 instructs the solenoid 44 to pull out the pin 42. I do. Therefore, the CPU 78 functions as a collision estimation unit that determines whether to collide with a front obstacle before the collision, and functions as a collision detection unit including the distance sensor 72 and the approach speed calculation unit 74.

According to this method, the same effect as that of the second embodiment can be obtained, and further, the restraining force for keeping the battery 50 in the connected state can be released before the vehicle actually collides. In the event of a collision, the inertial force of the battery 50 can be more effectively directed to the separating action of the individual batteries.
Therefore, the two connecting pins can be more surely positioned at both ends of the connecting fitting, so that the circuit can be cut off more surely, and this state is surely maintained.

Further, the distance sensor can be provided not only in the front but also in any of the front, back, left and right directions. In this case, it is desirable that the inertial force of the battery 50 is not used to separate them from each other, but a force such as a spring is used to force them apart as in the first embodiment. This is because when the battery sliding direction is the front-back direction, it is considered that the inertial force of the battery itself does not effectively act to move the battery to the separated position in the case of a side collision.

Fourth Embodiment Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, the connecting pin 54 and the connecting fitting 56 of the second embodiment are used.
Is replaced with a fixed pin 80, a ratchet pin 82 and a ratchet fitting 86 shown in FIG. A column-shaped fixing pin 80 is provided on one of the adjacent batteries,
The other battery is provided with a ratchet pin 82 having a ratchet pawl 84 that is biased laterally in opposite directions by a ratchet spring 88.

The ratchet fitting 86 has an engaging hole 86a for engaging with the fixing pin and a ratchet plate 86b for engaging with the ratchet pawl 84. The ratchet pawl 84 and the teeth of the ratchet plate 86b are oriented such that the ratchet pin 82 can move rightward in the drawing within the ratchet fitting 86.

The battery is stored in the same procedure as in the second embodiment, and finally the ratchet fitting 86 is engaged with the fixed pin 80 and the ratchet pin 82. At normal times, the batteries 26 are reliably brought into contact with each other by the action of the lid 26 and the pressing spring 36. At the time of a collision, the lid is opened as in the second embodiment, and the inertia of the battery itself causes each battery to move toward the lid in the case. As described above, since the ratchet pin 82 is allowed to move to the right, the batteries are separated from each other, while the opposite movement is restricted, the separated batteries are not brought into contact with each other again. .

According to this embodiment, the same effect as that of the second embodiment is obtained, and even if the ratchet pin slightly moves, the position of the ratchet pin is maintained. Therefore, even if the impact force is relatively small, The battery can be reliably kept in a separated state. In particular, when the vector of the impact force does not coincide with the moving direction of the battery, such as when the vehicle collides obliquely, the impact force related to the movement of the battery becomes a moving direction component, and thus may be reduced. In this case, according to this embodiment, even if the battery is slightly separated, its position can be reliably maintained.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the ratchet fitting 86, together with the fixing pin 80 and the ratchet pin 82 engaging with the ratchet fitting 86, allows adjoining batteries to be in the connection position, and the adjoining batteries are It functions as a holding means for holding in the separated position. Then, the battery once placed at the separated position by the ratchet fitting 86 and the ratchet pin 82 is held at that position.

Fifth Embodiment Next, a fifth embodiment according to the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, the ratchet mechanism of the fourth embodiment is transferred to the battery 90 and the battery case 92, and the other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 7, a ratchet plate 94 is provided on a side surface or a bottom surface of the battery 90, and a through hole 92a is provided in a portion of the battery case 92 facing the ratchet plate 94. A ratchet pin 96 having a ratchet claw at its tip is urged by a ratchet spring 98 in the protruding direction in the through hole 92a. As with the fourth embodiment, the present ratchet mechanism also permits movement in the direction in which the batteries are separated, and regulates movement in the opposite direction.

When the battery is inserted, the battery case 92
Remove the stopper 100 stored in the through hole 92a of
The ratchet pin 96 is retracted to a position where it is not engaged with the ratchet plate 94, the stopper 100 is inserted into the through hole 92a after insertion, and the ratchet pin 96 and the ratchet plate 94 are engaged with each other. Other operations are the same as those in the second embodiment.

According to this embodiment, the same effect as that of the fourth embodiment can be obtained.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the ratchet plate 94, together with the ratchet pin 96 engaging with the ratchet plate 94, allows the battery to be in the connecting position and also holds the battery in the separated position. Function as. Then, the ratchet plate 94 and the ratchet pin 96 hold the battery once in the separated position at that position.

Sixth Embodiment FIGS. 8 to 11 show a sixth embodiment according to the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10,
The battery 102 of this embodiment is housed in a battery case 104 provided under the floor of the vehicle. A total of four rods 106 extend from substantially the center of the battery case 104 in the front, rear, left, and right directions of the vehicle. The rod 106 is slidably supported in its own longitudinal direction, and when the vehicle is deformed due to a collision or the like, the rod 106 is moved by the deformation amount.

FIG. 8 shows details of the state in which the battery 102 is housed in the battery case 104. A roller rail 108 is provided at the bottom of the battery case 104, and each battery 102 is placed on this. The battery 102 is provided with a positive electrode 110 at one end and a negative electrode 112 at the other end, and has a structure in which the batteries 102 are connected in series by adjoining adjacent batteries so that they are connected in series. Then, they are placed on the roller rail 108 in the above-mentioned series connection state, and the arrangement direction is set to the roller rail 1.
08 is aligned with the direction in which the placed object is allowed to move. And a plurality of batteries 102 arranged in series
The case electrodes come into contact with the electrodes 110 and 112 on both ends of the
Electric power is taken from here. One case electrode 112
Is fixed to the case 104, and the other case electrode 116 is attached to the case 104 via a pressing spring 118. The biasing force of the pressing spring 118 holds the plurality of batteries 102 in a state of being connected in series.

A driven plate 120 is arranged above the battery 102, and the battery 1 adjacent to the lower surface of the driven plate 120 is connected to the battery 1.
02, the battery 10 is expanded by expanding the gap.
A rust member 122 for disconnecting the two connections is provided. Further, a follower 124 having a truncated pyramid shape is arranged on the upper surface thereof, and the tip end portion of the rod 106 is brought into contact with the inclined surface thereof. As shown in the figure, the tip of the rod 106 is a rod tip portion 126 having a slope that is substantially the same as the slope of the follower 124. Further, the driven plate 120 itself is slidably supported by the guide rod 126, and further urged upward by the support spring 130 so that the wedge member 122 is normally operated by the wedge member 122.
It is designed not to enter the gap.

When the vehicle collides and a part thereof is deformed, the rod 106 moves, the tip 126 abuts on the slope of the follower 124, and further moves, whereby the driven plate 120 is moved.
Moves downward in the figure. As a result, the wedge member 12
2 enters the gap of the battery 102 and disconnects / disconnects the connection of the adjacent battery. As a result, it is possible to prevent the leakage of a high voltage that becomes a driving source of the vehicle. Also,
At the time of a collision, the collision energy of the vehicle is absorbed by the support spring 130, and the shock of the collision can be reduced.

FIG. 12 shows another structure having the same function as that of the wedge member 122 described above. In the case of this configuration, the wedge member does not directly divide the adjacent battery. The wedge member 134 of this configuration is built in the battery 132, and is provided so as to be slidable in the vertical direction in the drawing. Further, it is biased upward by the spring 136. The battery 132 is further provided with a dividing rod 136, which is moved to the right in the figure by its slope when the wedge member 134 moves downward. The dividing rod 138 is also urged to the left in the figure by the spring 140. Due to the deformation of the vehicle, the rod 106
Moves, and the driven plate 120 moves, the wedge member 13
4 also moves. Then, the dividing rod 138 protrudes and strikes an adjacent battery, and disconnects the electrodes of these batteries. As a result, high voltage leakage can be prevented.

FIG. 13 shows still another structure having the same function as the wedge member 122 described above. An expansion member 144 is arranged between the adjacent batteries 142, and normally there is a portion protruding from the upper surface of the battery 142. The driven plate 120 is lowered during a collision,
The expansion member 144 is pressed from above and is deformed as shown by the broken line in the figure. Due to this deformation, the adjacent battery 142 is divided. The expansion member 144 may be elastically deformed or plastically deformed as long as the expansion member 144 is deformed so that the adjacent battery can be reliably divided when the driven plate 120 is lowered. good.

The same effect as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 can be obtained by using the structure shown in FIG. 12 or FIG.

Other Embodiments In the above-described first to fifth embodiments, the battery is housed in the battery case having the guide groove, but the bottom surface of the case is omitted and only the guide groove portion is provided. It is also possible to be configured to be held by the guide rail. Further, the first elastic member is not limited to the coil spring like the separation spring 46 of the first embodiment, but a metal spring,
It is also possible to use a rubber material or the like. Furthermore, the second
The elastic member is not limited to the coil spring like the pressing spring 36, but other metal springs, rubber materials or the like can be used.

[0060]

As described above, according to the present invention, at the time of a collision, the adjacent batteries are separated from each other and the circuit is cut off, so that no electric leakage occurs. Therefore, a design allowance can be made for ensuring insulation in the event of collision of a power cable or a contact point for supplying power from the battery to the drive motor. In addition, restrictions on the mounting position of the battery are reduced, and the degree of freedom in design is increased.

In addition, when the biasing force for holding the battery in the connected state is given by the second elastic member, even if the distance between the electrodes of the batteries at both ends is changed due to wear of the electrodes, etc. The connection status can be maintained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a first embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of the first embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a second embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing details of a connecting pin and a connecting fitting of the second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a main part of a third embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a main part of a fourth embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a main part of a fifth embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a main part of a sixth embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a view showing the arrangement of rods in a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a view showing the arrangement of rods in a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a positional relationship between a rod and a driven plate according to a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 12 is an example of a dividing means that achieves the same effect as the wedge member of the sixth embodiment.

FIG. 13 is an example of a dividing means that achieves the same effect as the wedge member of the sixth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10, 50, 90, 102, 132, 142 Battery 12, 14, 110, 112 Battery electrode 16, 52, 92, 104 Battery case 18 Guide groove (connecting means) 20 Guide engaging part (connecting means) 24, 30, 114,116 Case electrode 26 Lid (connecting means) 28 Abutment rod (connecting means) 36,118 Pressing spring (connecting means) 37 Nut 40 Pin hole (connecting means) 42 Pin (connecting means) 44 Bidirectional electromagnetic solenoid (connecting) Releasing means) 46 Spacing spring (connection releasing means) 54 Connecting pin (holding means) 56 Connecting metal fitting (holding means) 62 Lever (connection releasing means) 64 Weight (connection releasing means) 68 Magnet (connection releasing means) 80 Fixing pin ( Holding means) 82 Ratchet pin (holding means) 86 Ratchet fitting (holding means) 94 Ratchet pre Doo (holding means) 96 ratchet pin (holding means) 106 rod 122,134 wedge members (dividing means) 144 expansion member (dividing means).

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A structure for mounting and holding a plurality of batteries on a vehicle, comprising: connecting means for connecting the plurality of batteries in series; collision detecting means for detecting a collision of the vehicle; and collision collision by the collision detecting means. A vehicle-mounted structure for a battery, comprising: a disconnecting means for disconnecting the connected state of the plurality of batteries by the connecting means when detected. 2. The on-vehicle battery structure according to claim 1, wherein the disconnecting means is disposed between adjacent batteries,
An elastic member for urging the adjacent battery in a separating direction, wherein the connecting means resists the urging force of the elastic member,
A vehicle-mounted structure for holding a battery in a connected state. 3. The on-vehicle battery mounting structure according to claim 1, wherein the collision sensing means includes a weight member and a stopping means for stopping the weight member at a normal time, and the collision sensing means is provided with a shock. A vehicle-mounted structure for a battery, which detects a collision when the weight member is separated from the fastening means. 4. A structure for mounting and holding a plurality of batteries in a vehicle in series connection, the distance sensors being arranged on the front, rear, left and right of the vehicle to detect a distance to an obstacle, and the distance sensors detecting the distance. An approaching speed calculation means for calculating the change rate of the distance to the obstacle,
Collision detection means for determining whether the vehicle actually collides with the obstacle based on the distance to the obstacle and the rate of change of the distance; and collision estimation by the collision detection means. A vehicle-mounted structure for a battery, comprising disconnecting means for disconnecting the plurality of batteries when the above-mentioned procedure is performed. 5. The battery on-vehicle structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the collision sensing means is the collision sensing means according to claim 4. 6. A structure for mounting and holding a plurality of batteries on a vehicle, wherein the plurality of batteries are connected in series, and at least one set of two adjacent batteries among the batteries connected in series is connected. The holding means that allows both the position and the separated position, and holds the battery in the separated position when the battery is in the separated position, and the holding means that is in the connection position by the holding means due to the impact at the time of collision. A battery-mounted structure that allows the battery to move to a remote location. 7. A structure for mounting and holding a plurality of batteries in a vehicle in a serial state, wherein the rod moves along with the deformation of the vehicle body at the time of collision of the vehicle, and the plurality of the batteries in the serial state due to the movement of the rod. Vehicle-mounted structure having a dividing means for dividing the battery of at least two sets into two groups 8. The on-vehicle battery mounting structure according to claim 7, wherein the dividing means includes a wedge member that enters the gap between adjacent batteries by the movement of the rod and divides the adjacent batteries, and further the wedge. An on-vehicle battery structure having a biasing means for biasing the dividing means so that a member retracts from a gap between adjacent batteries.