JPH09271758A - Carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional water purifying device and water treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To adsorb microorganisms in water to be treated and remove them by using a carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional material enabling to allow the water to be treated to pass through. SOLUTION: The carbonaceous fixed beds 1 formed of e.g. porous carbon graphite are laminated and the carbonaceous fixed beds are sandwiched with two sheets of metallic supporting bodies 2 (e.g. Pt plated Ti mesh). The carbonaceous fixed beds 1 and the metallic supporting bodies 2 are held with an elastic gasket 3 (e.g. a rubber product), and are closely stuck to the inner surface of a water purifying tank. These parts are set in a cylindrical container 4 as shown in the figure and fixed with a fixing ring 5. When the water to be treated is fed from an inflow side of the water purifying tank under e.g. 0.5-5kgf/cm<2> pressure, microorganisms contained in the water to be treated are adsorbed onto the carbonaceous fixed beds 1 and removed and then the water to be treated is discharged from an outflow side.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional septic tank for treating water to be treated, for example, water containing microorganisms, and more particularly to a plurality of fixed carbonaceous beds therein. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional septic tank comprising a cylindrical body containing a three-dimensional material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various kinds of aqueous solutions and single water in which other substances are not dissolved have been used for various purposes. When these solutes provide an appropriate nutrient with a solute, or the liquid temperature of the aqueous solution is a relatively high temperature that is preferable for breeding, microorganisms such as bacteria breed and the microorganisms deteriorate the performance of the aqueous solution. It often awakens and floats or accumulates in processing equipment.

[0003] For example, a photographic light-sensitive material is processed after image exposure, in the case of paper light-sensitive material processing, through color developing, bleach-fixing, washing and / or stabilizing processing steps, and then dried. In such a photographic processing step, various photographic processing solutions such as a color developing solution, a bleaching solution, a bleach-fixing solution, a fixing solution, a stabilizing solution, and washing water are used, but the photosensitive material contains a gelatinous material. In order to provide an environment suitable for the propagation of microorganisms, microorganisms mixed in the photographic processing solution proliferate and reduce the efficiency of processing of the photosensitive material. The drawback is that it does. In order to suppress the deterioration of the photographic processing solution due to the propagation of microorganisms, a method of activating the performance by sterilizing the microorganisms by adding a fungicide or the like has conventionally been the mainstream, but in this method, a large amount of the fungicide to be added is used. Required
In addition, the fungicide tends to remain in the photographic processing solution or the light-sensitive material, which may adversely affect the light-sensitive material. Many of the fungicides are not harmless to the human body, and it is difficult to use them unless they are managed under various laws and regulations. Also, the antifungal agent thus selected may cause antibacterial action against the antifungal agent after a while, and the troublesome selection of the antifungal agent against this antifungal agent occurs again.

Further, swimming, which is the most popular sport as a summer sport, is still popular and is popular with people of various age groups, and swimming pools are often used in urban areas to enjoy swimming.

A large number of microorganisms such as bacteria harmful to the human body inhabit the pool water used for this pool, and the pool water may directly contact the eyes and scratches of the user to cause diseases. Therefore, chemicals such as sodium hypochlorite are added to the pool water for disinfection to prevent the occurrence of diseases.
However, a chlorine-based reagent such as hypochlorous acid or liquid chlorine having a strong bactericidal effect is used as the drug, and the chlorine-based reagent itself or a decomposed product is irritating, and the reagent causes an effect such as sterilization. However, side effects such as eye pain and skin irritation occur due to the reagent, which is a serious problem especially for infants with weak resistance. In addition, chlorine-based reagents cannot be used permanently because they decompose and must be added to the pool water on a daily basis, and the amount of pool water used for the pool is enormous. Cost is also a heavy burden.

[0006] Further, with the recent development of the information-oriented society, the demand for various kinds of paper, especially high-quality paper, is increasing. These papers are manufactured from pulp for papermaking through various steps. During this step, there is a step of washing pulp before papermaking to wash away unnecessary components. Since the pulp is maintained at an appropriate temperature and contains an appropriate amount of nutrients, microorganisms such as molds and bacteria easily proliferate, and when a large amount of the molds and bacteria remain in the final product, deterioration of performance such as discoloration of papers. Occurs. Therefore, an enormous amount of washing water used in this washing step contains a fungicide and a bactericide to prevent performance deterioration of the final product as much as possible. However, this method not only increases the cost of the fungicide and fungicide, but also causes the fungicide and fungicide to remain in the product, resulting in performance degradation different from the performance degradation caused by molds and bacteria. There is a problem that sometimes.

Further, with the increase in the number of buildings such as condominiums such as condominiums or buildings formed by a large number of companies in recent years, the number of various air-conditioning facilities installed in the buildings dramatically increases. It has increased. In condominiums, buildings, and the like in which such a large number of cooling and heating facilities are installed, equipment for heat exchangers for cooling water of the cooling and heating equipment, such as a cooling tower, is usually installed on the roof. If the cooling water of this heat exchanger equipment is also used for a long period of time, microorganisms such as molds and bacteria will multiply and precipitate on the heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger, deteriorating the heat exchange performance, or generating microorganisms in lumps. Then, the piping etc. may be blocked. In addition, serious problems such as corrosion may occur in piping and equipment due to a large amount of microbial waste generated.

Further, the amount of bath water used has increased due to the spread of household bath tubs and the boom of hot springs in recent years.
Because microorganisms have a liquid temperature at which the microorganisms are most likely to grow around ℃, even if they are left alone without bathing, the microorganisms will grow rapidly and become contaminated, making it impossible to continue using them. This tendency becomes more remarkable as dirt floats. Propagating microorganisms are so small that they are difficult to remove by filtration, and in public baths, etc., the amount of use is enormous. Becomes possible.

[0009] In addition to natural fish breeding in the sea and rivers as various fish resources, recently, aquaculture fish in cultivation sites have attracted attention, and a large number of aquaculture fish have been supplied to the market. When breeding these fishes in the farm, the microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi contained in the water for fish farming contaminate the fishes, or to prevent adverse effects such as attaching to the fishes and reducing their commercial value. Various agents such as fungicides and fungicides for killing all or most of the microorganisms are added in large amounts to the water for fish culture, and a large amount of vitamins and the like are added to minimize damage to fish caused by the agents. Of nutrients are administered to fish, on which food is fed. Therefore, fish bred in farms and the like are often added with various drugs and vitamins that are artificially administered compared to the amount of food, and fungicides and fungicides accumulate in the fish body and are harmful to the human body. Fish contaminated with various chemicals will be supplied to the market.

Further, the drinking water is supplied to each home, beverage store, etc. through the water supply after disinfecting the water stored in a water source such as a reservoir at a water purification plant. The disinfection of drinking water is generally treated with chlorine, but according to the chlorination, drinking water is disinfected relatively well, but the mellowness of natural water is impaired due to the smell of chlorine. Disadvantages arise.

As a water treatment method which does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks, for example, JP-A-3-224686 and 4-274 are disclosed.
No. 88, etc., there is a method of electrochemical treatment. According to this method, a large amount of water can be efficiently treated without using a special chemical or the like. However, these methods require a constant voltage generator, and a simpler processing device has been desired.

[0012]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a water treatment method for adsorbing and removing microorganisms in water to be treated using a carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional material, and a carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional septic tank therefor. It is in.

[0013]

The above objects of the present invention have been attained by the following constitutions.

(1) A carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional septic tank having a carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional material through which water to be treated can pass.

(2) The carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional septic tank according to the above 1, wherein the carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional material is porous carbon graphite.

(3) The carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional septic tank is
The carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional septic tank according to 1 or 2 above, which is a tubular body containing a plurality of carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional materials.

(4) A water treatment method characterized in that the water to be treated is passed through the carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional septic tank described in 1, 2, or 3 to adsorb and remove microorganisms.

(5) Washing the carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional material adsorbed by microorganisms used in the carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional septic tank described in 1, 2 or 3 with an organic solvent or water containing an organic solvent. A method for regenerating a carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional material characterized by:

The present invention will be described in detail below. The present invention
It is a carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional septic tank consisting of a cylindrical body containing a plurality of carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional materials. The carbonaceous fixed bed used in this septic tank is a porous material made of carbonaceous material. Volume average pore diameter is 10 to 100 μm
Is used, and preferably 30 to 60 μm is used.
A porosity of 40 to 70% is preferably used. These have a shape corresponding to the septic tank used above, a porous material permeable to the water to be treated, for example, felt-like,
It is selected from carbonaceous materials such as activated carbon, graphite and carbon fiber having a woven cloth shape, a porous block shape and the like.
The plurality of stacked fixed carbonaceous beds are housed in a tubular body having open ends. The tubular body is preferably formed of a material that can withstand long-term use or re-use, and is particularly a synthetic resin such as polyepichlorohydrin, polyvinyl methacrylate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polychlorinated ethylene, or phenol. -Formaldehyde resin, ABS resin, acrylic resin and the like can be used. Further, it is more convenient to mold the material with a transparent or semi-transparent material because the state of the carbonaceous fixed bed can be visually recognized.

When the carbonaceous fixed bed is housed in the tubular body, the carbonaceous fixed bed alone may be damaged by water pressure or the like when passing water due to insufficient strength. Therefore, it is preferable to provide a water-permeable support for supporting the fixed bed of carbonaceous material. Specifically, a metal or resin mesh or a plate having fine water passage holes is preferable.

Since the plurality of carbonaceous fixed beds accommodated in the tubular body have the same or slightly smaller inner diameter than the tubular body, only the tubular body is gripped to fix the carbonaceous material. When an operation such as exchanging the bed is performed, the carbonaceous fixed bed is detached from one opening portion, and it becomes impossible to accommodate a predetermined number of carbonaceous fixed beds in the tubular body.

Therefore, in the septic tank according to the present invention, a support is installed so as to close a part of one opening of the cylindrical body to prevent the fixed bed of carbonaceous material from being separated, that is, dropped from the cylindrical body. It is preferable to prevent it. The shape of the support is not particularly limited as long as it has a strength sufficient to suppress the movement of the plurality of carbonaceous fixed beds, and a donut-shaped body is provided at the lower end of the tubular body and the donut-shaped body has an opening. It is fixed by welding or gluing so as to block a part of it, or a member with the same shape as this is integrally molded, or a cross-shaped member is laid so as to straddle the circumference of the lower end of the tubular body. Can be fixed by, or the mesh can be similarly installed in the closed portion. Further, a screw may be engraved on the donor-shaped body and the cylindrical body, and both members may be screwed and fixed to each other. Similarly, a support can be installed in the other of the openings by screwing, and the carbonaceous fixed bed can be accommodated in the tubular body in a more stable state than these.

By treating treated water such as drinking water, pool water, cooling water for heat exchangers, bath water and water for fish farming in the septic tank according to the present invention, sterilization and the like of the treated water are modified. According to the septic tank of the present invention, the water to be treated contains bacteria (bacteria), filamentous fungi (mold), yeasts, morphogens, single-celled algae,
Microorganisms such as protozoa and viruses are adsorbed and removed to improve the water quality.

The carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional material on which microorganisms and organic substances are adsorbed can be regenerated by washing with an organic solvent or water containing an organic solvent. As the organic solvent-containing water, particularly hydrous alcohol is preferably used,
Specifically, it is methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol or the like. The concentration is 30 to 100%, and particularly 40 to 90% ethanol is preferably used. Each of the carbonaceous fixed beds taken out from the septic tank can be immersed in these liquids for cleaning, and preferably, the septic tank can be pumped for a certain period of time for cleaning and regeneration.

Alternatively, it is possible to dispose the adsorbed microorganisms by providing power supply electrodes at both ends of the cylindrical body and intermittently energizing for a fixed time to polarize the carbonaceous fixed bed.
Specifically, the carbonaceous fixed bed is placed in a DC or AC electric field, and DC voltage or AC is applied between the feeding electrode terminals made of a perforated plate or expanded mesh or perforated plate-like porous plate installed at both ends. A carbonaceous fixed-bed bipolar electrode septic tank containing a three-dimensional electrode formed by applying a voltage to polarize the carbonaceous fixed bed to form an anode and a cathode at one end and the other end of the carbonaceous fixed bed by polarization. In addition to this, a three-dimensional material that independently functions as an anode or a cathode is installed so as not to be short-circuited alternately and electrically connected to form a carbonaceous fixed bed type bipolar electrode septic tank. be able to.

It should be noted that it is not necessary to continuously energize during the period in which the water to be treated is being passed, and it is sufficient to energize for several tens of minutes to several hours at regular intervals.

The cross-sectional area of the support in the direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the water to be treated is preferably 3 to 50% of the opening area of the opening, and if it is less than 3%, the strength of the support is insufficient. When the water content exceeds 50%, the flow of the water to be treated tends to be obstructed.

If there is a void in the septic tank through which the treated water to be treated flows so that the liquid can flow without contacting the fixed bed of carbonaceous material, the treatment efficiency of the treated water will be reduced. It is desirable to arrange so that the flow of water to be treated does not short pass.

The flow rate of the treated water supplied to the septic tank is such that the treated water efficiently contacts the surface of the carbonaceous fixed bed.
It is preferable that the turbulent flow state is formed, because it is necessary to regulate so as to be able to adsorb, and in the case of a complete laminar flow, since there is less lateral movement and less contact with the surface of the carbonaceous fixed bed, it is preferable to form a turbulent state. A turbulent flow having a Reynolds number of is particularly preferable.

When the septic tank having such a constitution is used, for example, for disinfecting microorganisms in a photographic processing solution, a color developing tank, a bleaching tank, a bleach-fixing tank, a washing step tank, a stabilizing step tank, etc. The photographic processing liquid in each of the septic tanks is supplied to the septic tanks and circulated for connection to a part or all of the tanks of the photographic processing step.

Further, the septic tank of the present invention is a heat exchanger installed on the roof of a building or a condominium, a pool, a papermaking process, a storage line of a water purification plant such as a farm or fishing pond, or water supply of a home or a restaurant. Installed in commercial baths such as public baths and hot springs, or in domestic bathtubs, and introduces the treated water into the septic tank to treat the treated water to improve the sterilization of the treated water. It can be performed.

Next, preferred examples of the carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional electrode septic tank according to the present invention will be explained based on the attached drawings, but the septic tank of the present invention is not limited to this septic tank.

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional septic tank according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional electrode septic tank according to the present invention.

In FIG. 1, a carbonaceous fixed bed 1 made of, for example, porous carbon graphite is laminated, and the carbonaceous fixed bed is sandwiched by two metal supports (for example, platinum-plated titanium mesh) 2. . The carbonaceous fixed bed and the metal support are held by an elastic gasket (for example, rubber) 3 and adhere to the inner surface of the septic tank. Each of these parts has a cylindrical container 4 as shown in FIG.
And is fixed by the fixing ring 5.
Water to be treated is 0.5 to 5 kgf / cm from the IN side of the septic tank
Water is sent at a pressure of ² , and microorganisms contained in the water to be treated are adsorbed and removed by the carbonaceous fixed bed. By treating the carbonaceous fixed bed used for a certain period of time with a water-containing organic solvent such as 50% ethanol, the surface and the inside of the carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional material are washed and can be reused. Alternatively, by applying a voltage to the uppermost and lowermost metallic supports from the outside, the microorganisms adsorbed on the surface of the carbonaceous fixed bed are sterilized.

In FIG. 2, the inlet valve 12 and the outlet valve 13 are opened to introduce the water to be treated. The treated water is filtered to remove large dusts and the like, and is introduced into the septic tank 7 through the treated water introducing pipe 10. The septic tank 7 is supported by the bottom plate 9 and sterilizes the water to be treated. The sterilized treated water is discharged to the treated water discharge pipe 11. Main body of septic tank 6
It will be installed inside.

[0036]

Next, the present invention will be described based on examples, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to these examples.

Example 1 The septic tank of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 was prepared and installed as shown in FIG. 2 to prepare a processing apparatus having the septic tank of the present invention. As the fixed bed, porous carbon graphite (average pore diameter 40 μm), thickness 9 mm, and diameter 76 mm was prepared by stacking 8 layers.

In the sterilization performance test, general bacteria separated from ion-exchanged water on ordinary agar medium (manufactured by Eiken Chemical Co., Ltd.) were cultured for 3 days on a liquid medium (ordinary broth medium, manufactured by Eiken Chemical Co., Ltd.). The body was centrifuged at 5000 rpm, washed with pure water, and then centrifuged again. This was added to tap water (residual chlorine concentration of 0.02 ppm or less) that had been collected in advance to obtain water to be treated. 1.2k of this in the septic tank of the present invention
Water was sent at a pressure of g / cm ² , water to be treated was collected before and after passing through the septic tank, and the number of viable bacteria contained in the water was measured by an agar plate method using an ordinary agar medium (Eiken Chemical Co., Ltd.). After using it for one week, it was confirmed that the bacteria's sterilization performance had deteriorated.
After circulating cleaning with% ethanol for several hours, the sterilization performance test was conducted again. Table 1 shows the results. It was confirmed that bacteria were adsorbed and removed by this septic tank. It was also confirmed that the carbonaceous fixed bed was regenerated by washing with 50% ethanol.

[0039]

[Table 1]

From Table 1, it was confirmed that microorganisms can be removed by the septic tank of the present invention and that they can be regenerated by washing with water containing an organic solvent.

[0041]

According to the present invention, a simple and reusable septic tank for removing microorganisms and a treatment method are provided by a treatment method using a carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional material septic tank for adsorbing and removing microorganisms in the water to be treated. We were able to.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional septic tank according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional septic tank according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Carbonaceous fixed bed 2 Metal support 3 Gasket 4 Cylindrical container 5 Fixing ring 6 Septic tank body 7 Septic tank 8 Filter 9 Bottom plate 10 Treated water introduction pipe 11 Treated water discharge pipe 12, 13 Valve

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional septic tank having a carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional material through which water to be treated can pass. 2. The carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional septic tank according to claim 1, wherein the carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional material is porous carbon graphite. 3. The carbonaceous fixed bed according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional septic tank is a tubular body containing a plurality of carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional materials. Type three-dimensional septic tank. 4. A water treatment method characterized in that the water to be treated is passed through the carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional septic tank according to claim 1 to adsorb and remove microorganisms. 5. The carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional material adsorbed by microorganisms used in the carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional septic tank according to claim 1, 2 or 3 is washed with an organic solvent or water containing an organic solvent. A method for regenerating a carbonaceous fixed bed type three-dimensional material characterized by: