JPH09253426A - Filter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To use a magnetic powder layer on a porous backing as a filtration layer and to facilitate regeneration by back washing by using magnetic force by constitution in which a filtration part equipped with a water supply port for introducing water, a drain opening for discharging water, a porous backing installed between the water supply port and the drain opening, and a magnetic powder layer formed on the backing and a magnet set in the filtration part are provided. SOLUTION: Water introduced from a water supply port 4 is filtered by a filtration layer composed of a magnetic powder 3 layer formed on a porous backing 2, and the filtrate is discharged from a drain opening 4. During back washing, a magnet is actuated to attract magnetic powder and to separate the powder from the backing 2, and water is supplied from a drain opening 5 to wash the separated magnetic powder 3 to be discharged from the water supply port 4.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for purifying water used for purifying used bath water and removing turbid components of tap water.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally used water purification techniques include a sedimentation separation method utilizing gravity sedimentation or centrifugal sedimentation, a levitation separation method using buoyancy, and a filtration method for sieving solid suspended matter.

This filtration method is widely used because it can obtain a large processing flow rate with a relatively small apparatus. The filtration method also uses a single-layer filtration that captures solid matter having a pore size larger than the pore size on the surface of the porous membrane and a layered filtration layer such as laminated powder or fibers and a three-dimensional network structure, It is roughly classified into multi-layer filtration in which solid matters are trapped in the internal gaps. Either way,
Since the filter medium is clogged with the solid matter captured while the filtration is continued, it is necessary to replace the filter medium and to regenerate the solid matter adhered to the filter medium.

Among these filtration methods, the multi-layer filtration in which large particles are packed in a column shape and used is called sand filtration. In sand filtration, regeneration of a filtration layer called backwash is generally performed. That is, the filtration layer is rolled up with a stream of water, the trapped solid matter is washed away with a stream of water, and the filter medium is laminated using gravity settling, which is excellent in that regeneration is possible only by switching the flow path, and is widely used. It is a filtration type.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention
When attempting to filter out solid matter having a particle size of the order of micrometers, if the size of the apparatus is such that it can be used in general households, there is a problem that backwashing cannot be performed. That is, it is necessary to reduce the particle size of the filter medium used to be close to the particle size of the substance to be filtered, and such a fine particle filter medium has a slow gravitational sedimentation rate. Conventional backwashing in which the filter material is separated from the particles of the product and the filter medium is sedimented and stratified is not successful.

[0006]

The present invention is intended to solve the problems of the conventional methods as described above, in which a magnetic powder layered on a porous substrate is used as a filtration layer. This is a filter that uses magnetic force during washing to prevent the loss of magnetic powder.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the invention described in claim 1, the water flowing in from the water supply port is filtered by a filter layer composed of magnetic powder layered on a porous substrate and discharged from the drain port. During backwashing, the magnet is operated to attract the magnetic powder to separate it from the base material of the porous body, water is supplied from the drainage port, the separated magnetic powder is washed and drained from the water supply port.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the magnets are provided on both the water supply port side and the water discharge port side, and magnetic force is also used for fixing the magnetic powder after backwashing to the surface of the substrate. The filter layer can be quickly constructed.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the magnet provided on the drain port side is actuated to cause the magnetic powder provided on the porous base material to act as a filtration layer, and the filtered water is used as the base material of the porous body. The magnetic powder provided underneath is washed, the magnet provided on the water supply port side is activated, and the drain port is used as the water supply port. By washing, alternate operations of filtration and backwashing can be quickly performed.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a cylindrical porous base material forming a filtration layer is rotatably provided, and a filtration chamber and a backwash chamber are formed around the base material by a housing. Can be used alternately, and filtration and backwashing can be performed simultaneously and continuously.

The invention as set forth in claim 5 is a filter for closing the electromagnetic valve provided at the second drain port at the start of filtration to prevent the magnetic powder from being lost when water rapidly flows in at the start of filtration. There is.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, a magnetic collector is arranged in a pipe line connected to the water supply port of the filter to collect magnetic particles contained in water to reduce water flow resistance. It is a filter that does not increase.

[0013]

【Example】

(Embodiment 1) A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of this embodiment. 1 is
A filter layer composed of a water inlet 4 into which water flows in, a water outlet 5 for draining water, and a magnetic powder 3 layered on a porous base material 2 provided between the water inlet 4 and the water outlet 5 (hereinafter (Hereinafter simply referred to as a filtration layer). Although alumina oxide is used in the present embodiment as the base material 2 of the porous body, for example, a general ceramic sintered body, polyethylene fiber,
It is also possible to use a sintered powder of polypropylene, a fiber of cellulose or the like. Further, as the magnetic powder 3,
Ferrite / magnetite powder, iron / nickel / chrome powder, and rare earths such as neodymium are used.
Further, on the water supply port 4 side of the filtration unit 1, an iron core 7a forming the magnet 7 and a coil 7b wound around the iron core 7a are provided.

The operation of this embodiment will be described below. For example, when the water in the bath is guided to the water supply port 4 by using a pump (not shown), the magnetic powder 3 that constitutes the filtration layer of the filtration unit 1
Is for capturing and filtering solid particles in water. The filtered water passes through the porous base material 2 and is discharged from the drain port 5. This water has been purified enough to be reused and can be reused as domestic water. When this filtration is repeated, the filtration layer is clogged with impurities such as the solid particles. Therefore, it is necessary to purify the impurities adhering to the filtration layer after some use. This purification is performed by backwashing shown below.

That is, first, the coil 7b which constitutes the magnet 7
Is energized to magnetize the iron core 7a, and this magnetic force attracts the magnetic powder 3 to separate it from the porous base material 2. When water is passed through the drainage port 5 in this state, the water that has passed through the porous base material 2 is washed from the magnetic powder 3 sucked by the iron core 7a and drained from the water supply port 4. This waste water is discarded outside the system by a method not shown. Impurities such as solid particles attached to the surface of the magnetic powder 3 in this way are discarded outside the system together with the drainage. In this way, when the flow of water into the drain port 5 is stopped and then the energization of the coil 7b is stopped, the magnetic powder 3 separates from the iron core 7a, falls by gravity, and is laminated on the porous base material 2 again. And constitutes a filtration layer.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the magnetic powder 3 layered on the porous base material 2 is used as a filtration layer,
It is possible to prevent the magnetic powder from being lost by utilizing the magnetic force of the magnet 7 at the time of backwashing, and to realize a compact and simple filter.

At this time, as shown in FIG.
If the magnet 9 composed of a and the coil 9b is also provided on the drain port 5 side, the magnetic powder 3 can be quickly laminated on the porous substrate 2 after backwashing. That is, the filter layer can be quickly constructed.

That is, when backwashing, as described above, the magnet 7 is used.
To remove the magnetic powder 3 from the porous base material 2 and wash the magnetic powder 3, and the impurities such as solid particles adhering to the surface are discarded together with the waste water to the outside of the system. Next, the water flow to the drain port 5 is stopped, and the coil 7b forming the magnet 7 is stopped.
Is stopped and the coil 9b forming the magnet 9 is energized. As a result, the magnetic powder 3 becomes the magnet 9
It is sucked to the side and quickly laminated on the porous substrate 2. That is, the filter layer is quickly constructed.

Further, at this time, as shown in FIG. 3, the magnetic powder 3 is provided on the porous base material 2, and the magnetic powder 10 is provided below the porous base material 2, respectively. When the magnet 9 is used, the alternating operations of filtration and backwash can be performed quickly.

That is, when the magnet 9 is operated, the magnetic powder 3 is laminated on the porous base material 2 and acts as a filtration layer. In addition, the magnetic powder 1 placed below the porous base material 2
0 is attracted by the magnet 9 and peeled from the porous base material 2. The water supplied from the water supply port 4 in this state is filtered by the filtration layer formed by the porous base material 2 and the magnetic powder 3. The filtered water is drained from the drain port 5. At this time, the filtered water cleans the magnetic powder 10 sucked by the magnet 9 and is drained from the drain port 5.
When the magnet 7 is operated, the magnetic powder 10 is laminated on the lower surface of the porous base material 2 and acts as a filtration layer. That is, at this time, the drainage port 5 is used as a water supply port, and water is supplied from the drainage port 5. Therefore, the water is filtered by the filtration layer composed of the porous base material 2 and the magnetic powder 10, and is discharged from the water supply port 4 used as a drainage port. At this time, the magnetic powder 3 attracted to the magnet 7 is washed with this filtered water.

Thus, according to this embodiment, the magnet 7
The alternate operation of filtration and backwash can be promptly performed only by alternately using the magnets 9.

(Embodiment 2) Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 4 is a front view showing the configuration of this embodiment. FIG. 5 is a side sectional view. In this embodiment, the porous base material 12 has a cylindrical shape and can be driven to rotate by the rotating shaft 12a. On the base material 12 of the porous body, the magnetic powder 13 similar to that of the first embodiment is arranged so as to be laminated on the base material 12 of the porous body. That is, FIG.
In the state shown in (1), the magnetic powder 13 is attracted onto the porous base material 12 by the magnet 15 arranged inside the porous base material 12. by this,
The magnetic powder 13 and the porous base material 12 act as a filter layer as in the first embodiment. Reference numeral 16 is a housing that forms an outer shell, and forms a filtration chamber 17 and a backwash chamber 18 between the housing 16 and the porous substrate 12. A water supply port 4 is connected to the filtration chamber 17, a drain port 19 is connected to the end of the porous substrate 12, and a second drain port 20 is connected to the backwash chamber 18. A magnet 21 is provided above the backwash chamber 18. That is, the magnet 15 and the magnet 21 are the base material 1 of the porous body.
It is arranged vertically so as to sandwich 2.

The operation of the embodiment will be described below. The water introduced to the water supply port 4 has a high pressure on the inside of the porous base material 12. By this pressure, the filtration chamber 1
The magnetic powder 13 suspended in 7 is pressed against the surface of the porous substrate 12 to form a layer. Therefore, the magnetic powder 13
Acts as a filtration layer together with the porous substrate 12. The water filtered by the filtration layer is used as the porous substrate 1.
2 enters the space 12b which is formed, and is drained from the drain port 19 connected to this end. At this time, since the porous base material 12 is rotated clockwise by the rotating shaft 12a, solid particles and the like trapped in the gap by the magnetic powder 13 by the filtration in the filtration chamber 17 are generated together with the magnetic powder 13. , Come to the backwash room 18. Here, when the magnet 21 installed outside the backwash chamber 18 is operated, the magnetic powder 13 is attracted by the magnet 21 and floats. In this state, when the water flow leaking from the narrow gap between the filtration chamber 17 and the backwash chamber 18 reaches the backwash chamber 18, the magnetic powder 13 rides on this water flow and soars. The solid particles thus washed are discharged together with water from the second drain port 20 connected to the backwash chamber 18.

When the magnet 15 is operated at the timing when the backwashing is completed in this way, the magnetic powder 13 is attracted by the magnet 15 and again laminated and fixed on the porous base material 12.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the magnetic powder 13 which has been backwashed and regenerated forms a filtration layer, and is continuously filtered.
A continuous backwash can be performed.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 6, if the second drain port 20 is provided with the solenoid valve 25, the magnetic powder is prevented from being lost when the water rapidly flows at the start of filtration. It is possible to realize a filter.

That is, the backwash chamber 18 shown in FIG. 4 is normally filled with air before the start of filtration. Therefore, at the start of filtration with the pump 26 operated, the pressure loss in the flow path connecting the backwash chamber 18 to the second drain port 20 is extremely small. Therefore, the magnetic powder 13 is lost along with the rapid flow of water. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the solenoid valve 25 is provided at the second drain port 20. The solenoid valve 25 is controlled to be closed by a control device (not shown) for a predetermined time from the moment when the pump 26 is operated, and opened after a predetermined time has elapsed. That is, the electromagnetic valve 25 is closed until the water in the backwash chamber 18 is replaced with the water that has passed through the porous substrate 12.

At this time, if a magnetic collector is arranged in the purification path as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8,
It is possible to realize a filter that does not increase the water flow resistance.

FIG. 7 shows the purification route of this embodiment,
The magnetic collector 30 is arranged in the middle of the route leading to the water supply port 4. Therefore, the treated water enters the filter 22 from the water supply port 4 through the magnetic collector 30 and is drained from the drain port 19. The magnetic collector 30 has the configuration shown in FIG. 8 and has a magnet 30a around the tube. Therefore, the magnetic particles forming the impurities contained in the water are adsorbed by the magnet 30 a while passing through the magnetic collector 30. Therefore, the water supply port 4
The water entering the filter 22 from which the magnetic particles have been removed. Therefore, the amount of the magnetic powder in the filter 22 does not change, and there is no fear that the water flow resistance will increase.

[0030]

According to the invention described in claim 1, a water supply port into which water flows in, a water discharge port for discharging water, a base material of a porous body provided between the water supply port and the water discharge port, and the porous body The magnetic powder layered on the porous base material is used as a filter layer, and the magnetic layer is provided on the base material of the porous body so as to be layered on the porous base material. The present invention realizes a filter that can be used as the above and can be easily regenerated by backwashing by utilizing magnetic force.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the magnets are provided on both the water supply port side and the water discharge port side, and the magnetic powder after backwashing can be quickly fixed on the substrate. It realizes a filter.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a water supply port into which water flows in, a water discharge port for discharging water, a base material of a porous body provided between the water supply port and the water discharge port, and the porous body. A filtering part comprising magnetic powder provided on the upper and lower parts of the base material so as to be layered on the surface of the porous base material, and magnets provided on both the water supply side and the drain side of the filtration part. As a configuration having the above, the present invention realizes a filter capable of promptly performing alternate operations of filtration and backwashing.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rotatably constituted cylindrical base material of the porous body, magnetic powder provided on the surface of the base material of the porous body so as to form a layer, and the porous body. A housing that constitutes a filtration chamber and a backwash chamber around the base material of
A water supply port communicating with the filtration chamber, a drain port connected to the end of the porous base material, a second drain port connected to the backwash chamber, and a porous base material near the backwash chamber. As a configuration having two magnets arranged so as to be sandwiched, it is possible to realize a filter capable of continuously performing filtration and backwash simultaneously.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the second drainage port is provided with a solenoid valve that is closed at the start of filtration, so that the magnetic powder can be prevented from being lost when the water suddenly flows in at the start of filtration. It realizes a filter.

The invention described in claim 6 has a structure in which a filter constituting any one of claims 1 to 5 and a magnetic collector are arranged in a pipe line connected to a water supply port of the filter. The present invention realizes a filter that collects magnetic particles contained in water and does not increase water resistance.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a configuration of a filter according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the same when magnets are provided on both the water supply port side and the water discharge port side.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure in which magnetic powder is provided on the upper and lower parts of a porous base material so as to be layered on the surface of the porous base material.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the configuration of a filter according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the same.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration in which a solenoid valve is provided at a second drain port of the same.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration in which a magnetic collector is arranged in a pipeline connected to a water supply port of the filter.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view illustrating the configuration of the magnetic collector of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Filtering Part 2 Base Material of Porous Body 3 Magnetic Powder 4 Water Supply Port 5 Drainage Port 7 Magnet 9 Magnet 10 Magnetic Powder 12 Base Material of Porous Body 13 Magnetic Powder 15 Magnet 16 Housing 17 Filtration Chamber 18 Backwash Chamber 19 Drainage Port 20 Second drain port 21 Magnet 22 Filter 25 Solenoid valve 30 Magnetic collector

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A water inlet for inflowing water, a water outlet for draining water, a porous substrate provided between the water inlet and the drain, and a layer on the porous substrate. A filter having a filter provided with the magnetic powder provided in the filter and a magnet provided in the filter. 2. The filter according to claim 1, wherein the magnets are provided on both the water supply port side and the drain port side. 3. A water inlet into which water flows in, a water outlet for draining water, a porous substrate provided between the water inlet and the drain, and an upper portion and a lower portion of the porous substrate. A filter having a filtering section provided with magnetic powder provided so as to be layered on the surface of a base material of a porous body, and magnets provided on both the water supply port side and the drain port side of the filtering unit. 4. A rotatably configured cylindrical base material of a porous body, magnetic powder provided on the surface of the base material of the porous body so as to form a layer, and filtration around the base material of the porous body. A housing that forms a chamber and a backwash chamber, a water supply port that communicates with the filtration chamber, a drain port that is connected to the end of the base material of the porous body, a second drain port that is connected to the backwash chamber, and A filter having two magnets arranged so as to sandwich a porous base material in the vicinity of the backwash chamber. 5. The filter according to claim 4, wherein the second drain port is provided with an electromagnetic valve that is closed at the start of filtration. 6. A filter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a magnetic collector is arranged in a pipe line connected to a water supply port of the filter.