JPH09234649A - Main spindle device having coolant spraying nozzle and coolant feeding and cutting method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To surely feed the coolant of the prescribed amount to the cutting position without waste even in cutting a narrow, deep groove. SOLUTION: A main spindle device is provided with a main spindle 31 to which a cutting tool 29 is fitted, a nozzle mount member 35 which is rotatably arranged around the axis of rotation of the main spindle 31, a coolant spray nozzle 37 fitted to the nozzle mount member 35, and a servo motor 53 which rotates the nozzle mount member 37 with the prescribed angle to position the coolant spray nozzle 37 at the prescribed angular position around the axis of rotation of the main spindle, and the position of the rotational angle around the axis of rotation of the main spindle of the coolant spray nozzle 37 is kept constant to the advancing direction of the main spindle by rotating the nozzle mount member 35 by the servo motor 53.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spindle device with a coolant injection nozzle used in a machine tool such as a machining center and a coolant supply cutting method.
In particular, the present invention relates to a spindle device with a coolant jet nozzle and a coolant supply cutting method which are used in cutting such as deep groove cutting with a predetermined tool movement path.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In cutting with a machine tool such as a machining center, a coolant liquid is sprayed from a coolant jet nozzle provided on a spindle head to a cutting position by a cutting tool attached to the spindle. It is being appreciated.

[0003]

A cutting tool such as an end mill is used, and a spindle attached with the cutting tool is defined on a plane orthogonal to the axis of rotation of the spindle by biaxial control such as X-axis and Y-axis. When performing deep groove cutting in an arbitrary shape by moving along the tool movement path, the coolant should always be at a predetermined angular position around the main spindle rotation axis, such as the main shaft advancing direction, in other words, the front side with respect to the groove cutting advancing direction. If the liquid is not sprayed, the coolant liquid cannot be efficiently supplied to the cutting position.

On the other hand, in the conventional spindle head, the coolant jet nozzles are fixedly arranged. In other words, the rotation angle position of the coolant jet nozzles around the spindle rotation axis (around the C axis) is fixed. On the other hand, when the traveling direction of the main spindle changes in the X and Y axis directions, the rotation angle position of the coolant jet nozzle around the main spindle rotation axis changes relative to the main spindle traveling direction. It becomes impossible to spray the coolant from the required angular position to the cutting position.

For this reason, conventionally, the flow rate of the coolant liquid jetted from the coolant jet nozzle is set to be large, or the coolant jet nozzles are arranged at a plurality of positions around the main shaft rotation axis, and the coolant liquid is jetted from each of the coolant jet nozzles. We are dealing with it by erupting.

However, this measure requires a large amount of coolant, is uneconomical, has a narrow groove width, and is used for high-speed cutting of deep grooves. It is difficult to reliably supply the liquid. For this reason, particularly in the case of narrow deep groove machining, the cutting tool diameter is small, and the cutting tool life is likely to be impaired at an early stage due to seizure of the cutting tool or inclusion of chips.

Since such a cutting tool for deep groove machining is generally expensive, the short tool life leads to a considerable increase in cost, and frequent tool replacement is required, resulting in deterioration of production efficiency. Insufficient coolant also causes the machined surface to be rough, which causes the quality of the machined product to deteriorate.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and a coolant jet nozzle capable of reliably supplying a required amount of coolant to a cutting position without waste even in the case of deep groove machining with a narrow width. An object of the present invention is to provide an attached spindle device and a coolant supply cutting processing method using this spindle device with a coolant ejection nozzle.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, a spindle device with a coolant jet nozzle according to a first aspect of the present invention is arranged so as to be rotatable about a spindle on which a cutting tool is mounted and a rotation axis of the spindle. Nozzle mount member,
A coolant ejection nozzle attached to the nozzle mount member, and a rotation drive unit that rotationally drives the nozzle mount member at a specified angle to position the coolant ejection nozzle at a predetermined rotation angle position around the main shaft rotation axis. It is characterized by

In the spindle device with a coolant jet nozzle according to the present invention, the nozzle mount member is rotationally driven at a specified angle by the rotary drive means, so that the rotational angle position of the coolant jet nozzle around the main spindle rotation axis is changed to advance the spindle. The rotation angle position around the main shaft rotation axis of the coolant ejection nozzle can be maintained in a constant relationship with respect to the direction. As a result, regardless of the traveling direction of the spindle,
The coolant liquid can be sprayed to the cutting position from a required angular position around the main shaft rotation axis.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the spindle device with a coolant jet nozzle according to the first aspect, it is configured as an attachment type spindle head that can be attached to and detached from a shaft moving member of a machine tool, and is dedicated as the rotation driving means. The feature is that the servo motor is mounted on the spindle head.

In the spindle device with a coolant jet nozzle according to the present invention, the nozzle mount member is rotationally driven by a dedicated servomotor mounted on the spindle head.

The invention according to claim 3 is configured as an attachment type spindle head which is attachable / detachable to / from a shaft moving member of a spindle device machine tool with a coolant jet nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the spindle is mounted on the spindle head. The nozzle mount member is rotationally driven by a spindle motor, and the nozzle mount member is drivingly connected by a transmission mechanism to a machine body spindle mounted on the shaft moving member, and the machine body spindle is used as the rotation driving means. It is characterized by that.

In the spindle device with the coolant jet nozzle according to the present invention, the nozzle mount member is rotationally driven by the main shaft of the machine body mounted on the shaft moving member.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the spindle device with a coolant jet nozzle according to any one of the first to third aspects, the nozzle mount member is inscribed in a fixed side member concentric with the rotation axis of the main shaft. Alternatively, the rotary coupling is configured to be rotatably fitted and rotatably instructed by the fixed side member, and the nozzle mount member and the fixed side member are configured to supply a coolant liquid from the fixed side member to the coolant ejection nozzle. It is characterized by being.

In the spindle device with the coolant jet nozzle according to the present invention, the coolant liquid is sent from the fixed side member to the nozzle mount member connected to the rotary coupling, and the coolant liquid is supplied from the nozzle mount member to the coolant jet nozzle.

A coolant supply cutting method according to a fifth aspect uses the spindle device with a coolant jet nozzle according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the spindle is made to be a plane orthogonal to a spindle axis of rotation by biaxial control. The tool is moved along the defined tool movement path, and the traveling direction of the spindle on the plane is determined from the axis movement command of the spindle by the two-axis control,
The drive of the rotation drive means is controlled so that the rotational angular position of the coolant ejection nozzle around the main shaft rotation axis is always maintained at a predetermined angular position with respect to the main shaft advancing direction.

In the coolant supply cutting method according to the present invention, under the condition that the spindle is moved by the tool movement path defined on the plane orthogonal to the spindle axis of rotation by the biaxial control, the axis of the spindle is controlled by the biaxial control. The traveling direction of the spindle in the plane is determined from the movement command, the drive of the rotation driving means is controlled according to the traveling direction, and the rotation angle position of the coolant ejection nozzle around the spindle rotation axis is always relative to the spindle traveling direction. Keep in the given angular position.

The method of moving the spindle by the tool movement path defined on the plane orthogonal to the spindle rotation axis by the biaxial control is not limited to the X-axis movement and the Y-axis movement of the spindle, but also the Y-axis movement of the spindle. And the X-axis movement of the work table may be combined.

A method of discriminating the traveling direction of the spindle in the above-mentioned plane from the axis movement command of the spindle by the two-axis control is a control for directing the blade surface of the cutting tool in the cutting progress direction in the normal control machining by the numerically controlled machine tool. It can be performed by a control technique equivalent to.

[0021]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows one of machine tools in which a spindle device with a coolant jet nozzle according to the present invention is used.
A gate type machining center is shown. This portal type machining center comprises a bed 1 fixedly arranged, a work table 3 arranged on the bed 1 and axially moving in the X-axis direction, and a portal type fixed frame fixedly arranged across the bed 1 in the Y-axis direction. 5, a cross beam 7 provided on the gate-shaped fixed frame 5 and extending on the bed 1 in the Y-axis direction, a saddle 9 provided on the cross beam 7 so as to be axially movable in the Y-axis direction, and a saddle 9. And a ram (axis moving member) 11 provided so as to be axially movable in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction). The spindle device 21 with a coolant jet nozzle according to the present invention is attached to and detached from the ram 11 as one attachment-type spindle head. Can be mounted as possible.

In the following description, the spindle device 21 with the coolant ejection nozzle may be referred to as the spindle head 21.

As shown in FIG. 2, the spindle head 2
1 has a quill spindle device 25 in the head main body 23, in addition to the machine main spindle of the ram. The quill spindle device 25 is arranged at a position concentric with the center axis of the main shaft of the machine body, and has a main shaft 31 on which a cutting tool 29 such as an end mill for grooving is detachably mounted by a chuck 27 at a lower end portion thereof. It has a spindle motor 33 that is driven to rotate at high speed.

A ring-shaped fixed-side member 32 is fixed to the lower bottom surface of the head body 23, and a ring-shaped nozzle mount member 35 is rotatably fitted and mounted inside the fixed-side member 32. The nozzle mount member 35 is the main shaft 2
It is arranged concentrically with 9 and surrounds the main shaft 29, and is supported by a fixed-side member 32 so as to be rotatable around the rotation axis of the main shaft 29.

A tubular coolant jet nozzle 37 is attached to the nozzle mount member 35. The coolant jet nozzle 37 jets the coolant liquid toward the blade portion of the cutting tool 26 with directivity, and the rotation of the nozzle mount member 35 around the spindle rotation axis causes a 360 ° rotation around the spindle rotation axis of the spindle 31. It can be located at any angle of rotation.

A coolant liquid passage 39 is provided in the stationary member 32.
And the peripheral groove 41 are formed, the coolant liquid passage 43 is formed in the nozzle mount member 35, and the fixed side member 3 is formed.
O-rings 45 and 47 for liquid tightness are attached to the fitting portion between the nozzle mounting member 35 and the nozzle mounting member 35, and the stationary side member 32 and the nozzle mounting member 35 are provided with a circumferential groove 41 from the coolant liquid passage 39 of the stationary side member 32. A rotary coupling that supplies the coolant liquid to the coolant jet nozzle 37 via the coolant liquid passage 43 is configured. Coolant liquid passage 3
9 is a coolant liquid supply hose 49 extending from the ram side.
Are connected.

A gear 51 is fixed to the nozzle mount member 35. The head main body 23 is equipped with a dedicated servo motor 53 for rotating the nozzle mount. The drive gear 5 is attached to the rotary shaft (output shaft) 55 of the servo motor 53.
5 is attached, and the drive gear 55 meshes with the gear 51 of the nozzle mount member 35.

In this spindle head 21, the servo motor 5
3 is given a drive command, the servo motor 5
3, the nozzle mount member 35 is rotationally driven at a specified angle, and the coolant ejection nozzle 37 is positioned at a predetermined rotation angle position around the main shaft rotation axis (C axis) according to the specified angle, and the coolant liquid is supplied from a predetermined direction. Is ejected toward the blade portion of the cutting tool 26.

Therefore, the spindle 31 is moved by the tool movement path defined on the plane orthogonal to the spindle rotation axis by the biaxial control of the X axis and the Y axis, and the spindle 31 is controlled by the biaxial control.
Of the spindle 31 (X-axis movement command of the work table 3 and Y-axis movement command of the saddle 9) is used to determine the traveling direction of the spindle 31 in the XY plane, and based on this spindle traveling direction, a drive command (C By giving the axis control command), the rotation angle position of the coolant ejection nozzle 37 around the main axis rotation axis can be always maintained at a predetermined angle position with respect to the main axis traveling direction.

FIG. 3 shows the spindle head 21 shown in FIG.
Shows a spindle head equivalent to. In addition, in FIG.
The parts corresponding to those in FIG. 2 are designated by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. In FIG. 3, reference numeral W indicates a workpiece, and reference numeral m indicates a groove to be cut.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of a spindle device (spindle head) with a coolant jet nozzle according to the present invention. Note that, also in FIG. 3, the portions corresponding to those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In this embodiment, the nozzle mount member 35 is rotationally driven by the machine body main shaft 10 provided on the ram 11. The bed body 23 has a pulley shaft 61 rotatably at a connection portion with the ram 11. The pulley shaft 61 has a taper portion 63, and is the main shaft (ram shaft) of the machine body.
It is fitted and connected to the taper receiving hole 12 of 10 and is rotationally driven by the machine body main shaft 10. A pulley 65 is fixed to the pulley shaft 61.

The bed body 23 rotatably supports an intermediate shaft 67 extending in the vertical direction. A pulley 69 is attached to the upper end of the intermediate shaft 67, and an endless belt 67 is stretched around the pulley 69 and the pulley 65.

A pulley 71 having the same diameter as the pulley 65 is fixed to the nozzle mount member 35. A pulley 73 having the same diameter as the pulley 69 is attached to the lower end of the intermediate shaft 67, and an endless belt 75 is stretched between the pulley 73 and the pulley 71.

In this embodiment, a drive command is given to the servo motor (main shaft motor capable of C-axis control) 8 of the main shaft 10 of the machine body (see FIG. 1) so that the nozzle mount member 35 is designated by the servo motor 8. It is driven to rotate at an angle, and the coolant jet nozzle 37 is located at a predetermined rotation angle position around the main shaft rotation axis (around the C axis) according to the specified angle, and the coolant liquid is directed to the blade portion of the cutting tool 26 from a predetermined direction. Gush towards.

In this embodiment, it is necessary to provide a dedicated rotary drive means for rotationally driving the nozzle mount member 35.

Further, pulleys 65 and 71, pulleys 69 and 73
Since each has the same diameter, the machine main body spindle 10
Since the rotation of the nozzle mount member 35 and the rotation of the nozzle mount member 35 are performed at a constant speed in a one-to-one relationship, the rotation angle of the machine body main shaft 10 and the rotation angle of the nozzle mount member 35 become the same, and the coolant injection nozzle 37 The rotation angle position around the rotation axis of the spindle can be easily controlled by controlling the rotation angle of the machine body spindle 10.

The coolant supply cutting method according to the present invention is carried out by mounting the spindle device 21 with the coolant jet nozzle having the above-mentioned configuration on the ram 11.

FIG. 5 shows a control system used for carrying out the coolant supply cutting method according to the present invention. The control system executes a NC machining program and outputs a command to move each axis, and a program execution unit 101 and a program execution unit 10.
Interpolation calculation unit 10 that inputs an axis command from 1 and performs interpolation calculation
3, the interpolation calculation unit 103 uses the movement amounts of the X, Y, Z, and C axes as command values, and the position control / drive unit 10 of each axis.
5, 107, 109 and 111.

Position control / driving units 105, 107, 10
Reference numerals 9 and 111 respectively input rotation angle information from coaxial rotary encoders (pulse generators) 113, 115, 117 and 119, and the servo motors 91 of the respective axes have the manipulated variables of the respective axes calculated by position feedback compensation control.
The drive of 21, 123, 125, 127 is controlled. Here, the C-axis servo motor 127 is the above-mentioned servo motor 5
3 or servo motor 8.

Regarding the C-axis control, the program execution unit 101 takes in the X-axis coordinate command value and the Y-axis coordinate command value for each block, and from this and the present X-axis coordinate value and Y-axis coordinate value of the spindle 31. The traveling direction of the spindle 27 in the XY plane is obtained by vector calculation, and the C-axis movement command is output so that the rotation angle position of the coolant jet nozzle 37 around the spindle rotation axis with respect to the spindle traveling direction at the time of machining is always maintained. .

The calculation of the C-axis movement command is performed by an algorithm equivalent to the calculation of the C-axis movement command in the control for directing the blade surface of the cutting tool in the normal direction control machining by the numerically controlled machine tool. You can

The rotation angle position of the coolant jet nozzle 37 around the main spindle rotation axis with respect to the main spindle advancing direction at the start of machining can be arbitrarily set in the normal machining command start program. If the main spindle 31 is moved by the control along the tool movement path defined on the XY plane orthogonal to the main spindle rotation axis, the servo motor 127 is driven by the C-axis movement command in synchronization with the two-axis control, so that the coolant is ejected. The rotational angular position of the nozzle 37 around the main shaft rotation axis is always held at a predetermined angular position with respect to the main shaft advancing direction.

In the above, the present invention has been described in detail with respect to a specific embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to this, and various embodiments are possible within the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that it is possible.

[0046]

As can be understood from the above description, in the spindle device with a coolant jet nozzle according to claim 1, the nozzle mount member is rotationally driven at a designated angle by the rotary drive means such as a servomotor, so that the coolant jet is carried out. The rotation angle position of the nozzle around the spindle rotation axis can be changed, and the rotation angle position of the coolant jet nozzle around the spindle rotation axis can be maintained in a fixed relationship with respect to the spindle movement direction, regardless of the spindle movement direction. Since the coolant can be sprayed to the cutting position from the required angular position around the main spindle rotation axis, the required amount of coolant can be reliably delivered to the cutting position even in narrow deep groove machining. Can be supplied.

As a result, even in the case of machining a deep groove having a narrow width, the coolant does not run short, the life of the tool is shortened, the frequency of tool replacement is reduced, and the surface roughness of the machined surface is not reduced.

In the spindle device with the coolant jet nozzle according to the second aspect, since the nozzle mount member is rotationally driven by the dedicated servomotor mounted on the spindle head, the rotation of the specifications suitable for controlling the rotation angle of the coolant jet nozzle. The driving means can be selected, and high-speed and high-performance nozzle rotation angle control can be performed without complicating the structure.

In the spindle machine machine tool with the coolant jet nozzle according to the third aspect, since the nozzle mount member is rotationally driven by the main shaft of the machine body mounted on the shaft moving member such as a ram, the nozzle rotation angle is controlled. It is not necessary to provide a dedicated servo motor or the like, and the nozzle rotation angle control can be easily performed by directly controlling the C-axis of the machine main body spindle.

In the spindle device with the coolant ejection nozzle according to the fourth aspect, the coolant is supplied from the fixed side member to the nozzle mounting member connected to the rotary coupling, and the coolant liquid is supplied from the nozzle mounting member to the coolant ejection nozzle. Even if the ejection nozzle rotates 360 degrees or more in the same direction around the rotation axis of the main shaft, the coolant can be properly supplied to the coolant ejection nozzle without causing a problem such as entanglement of the coolant supply hose.

In the coolant supply cutting processing method according to the fifth aspect, the spindle is controlled by the two-axis control under the state where the spindle is moved by the tool movement path defined on the plane orthogonal to the spindle rotation axis by the two-axis control. Discriminating the traveling direction of the spindle in the plane from the axis movement command, and controlling the drive of the rotation driving means in accordance with the traveling direction to determine the rotation angle position of the coolant ejection nozzle around the spindle rotation axis with respect to the spindle traveling direction. Since it is always maintained at a predetermined angular position, the rotational angle position around the main shaft rotation axis of the coolant jet nozzle can be maintained in a constant relationship with respect to the main shaft advancing direction by automatic control such as numerical control.

As a result, regardless of the traveling direction of the spindle,
Coolant liquid can be sprayed to the cutting position from the required angular position around the main spindle rotation axis, and the required amount of coolant liquid can be reliably supplied to the cutting position without waste even in the case of narrow deep groove machining. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a portal machining center in which a spindle device with a coolant ejection nozzle according to the present invention is used.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a spindle device with a coolant ejection nozzle according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of a spindle device with a coolant ejection nozzle according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of a spindle device with a coolant ejection nozzle according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a control system used for carrying out the coolant supply cutting method according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 bed 3 work table 5 gate type fixed frame 7 cross beam 8 servo motor 9 saddle 10 machine body main spindle (ram axis) 11 ram 21 spindle device with coolant jet nozzle (spindle head) 25 quill spindle device 29 cutting tool 31 spindle 33 spindle Motor 32 Fixed side member 35 Nozzle mount member 37 Coolant ejection nozzle 49 Coolant liquid supply hose 51 Gear 53 Servo motor 61 Pulley shaft 65, 69, 71, 73 Pulley 101 Program execution unit 103 Interpolation calculation unit

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A main shaft on which a cutting tool is mounted, a nozzle mount member rotatably arranged around a rotation axis of the main shaft, a coolant ejection nozzle attached to the nozzle mount member, and the nozzle mount member. A spindle drive unit with a coolant jet nozzle, comprising: a rotary drive unit that is rotationally driven at a specified angle to position the coolant jet nozzle at a predetermined rotation angle position around a spindle rotation axis. 2. A spindle motor configured as an attachment type detachable from a shaft moving member of a machine tool, and a dedicated servomotor is mounted on the spindle head as the rotation driving means. Spindle device with the described coolant jet nozzle. 3. An attachment type spindle head which can be attached to and detached from a shaft moving member of a machine tool, wherein the spindle is rotationally driven by a spindle motor mounted on the spindle head, and the nozzle mount member serves as the rotational driving means. The spindle device with a coolant jet nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the spindle unit is drivingly connected to a machine body spindle mounted on the shaft moving member by a transmission mechanism, and the machine body spindle is used as the rotation driving means. . 4. The nozzle mount member is internally or externally fitted to a fixed side member concentric with the rotation axis of the main shaft, and is rotatably instructed by the fixed side member. The main shaft device with a coolant jet nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a rotary coupling for supplying a coolant liquid from the fixed side member to the coolant jet nozzle is configured with a side member. 5. The spindle device with a coolant jet nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the spindle is moved by a tool movement path defined on a plane orthogonal to the spindle axis of rotation by biaxial control. The traveling direction of the spindle in the plane is determined from the axis movement command of the spindle by the two-axis control, and the rotation angle position around the spindle rotation axis of the coolant ejection nozzle is always a predetermined angular position with respect to the spindle movement direction. A method for supplying and cutting a coolant, characterized in that the drive of the rotary drive means is controlled so that