JPH09230866A - Electronic keyboard musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to detect an operator's playing form by constituting the musical instrument in such a manner that the fulcrum point of a massive body means slides on a sliding supporting means according to the rocking motion of a key and that sensor means detect the sliding state of the fulcrum part over the entire stroke thereof. SOLUTION: The back side (on the right side in Fig.) of a keyboard frame 10 is provided with a rectangular slit 101, from which the end of the massive body 30, i.e., a mass nucleus part 33, projects. The massive body 30 moves cooperatively with the rocking motion of the key 20. The base part 31 of the massive body 30 has a fulcrum recessed part 35 and has the massive body fulcrum part 34 sliding along the guide groove of the sliding member 42 in its central part. The massive body has an insertion hole for rigidly supporting a bar-shaped mass concentrating part 32 on the other end side. The sliding member 42 has a hollow groove for sliding and guiding the massive body fulcrum part 34. Photosensors are embedded in both sides thereof apart a prescribed distance from the flanks of the massive body fulcrum part 34 to detect the sliding state of the fulcrum part 34. As a result, the operator's playing form is detected and the playing having the power of expression is performed by reflecting the form in production of musical tones.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic keyboard instrument using a keyboard such as an electronic piano and an electronic organ.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an electronic keyboard instrument is provided with various switches and sensors on the keyboard in order to add a facial expression similar to that of a natural musical instrument (acoustic piano) to a performance by a player, and depending on the detected state. Various expressions are added to the output music. For example, in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-19234 (Prior Art 1), Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-214897 (Prior Art 2), and Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-54234 (Prior Art 3), there are at least three or more keys for each key. Equipped with a switch
Count the time interval in which each of these switches is in the operating state,
It is described that the key operation state is detected in detail based on the count value and the output musical sound is changed in response to various key pressing operations.

[0003]

As described above, in the case where three or more switches are provided for each key (conventional technology 1 and conventional technology 3), the timing at which each switch is in an operating state (on) is different. By utilizing this, the time when each switch is activated is detected, and the expression is added to the musical sound based on that. Then, three or more switches provided corresponding to each key are brought into an operating state (ON) by the movement of the key (lowering operation) when the key is pressed. That is, when the key is rotated around the rotation axis (fulcrum of the frame) when the key is pressed, the switch driving unit (pressing unit) descends in conjunction with the rotation movement. Each switch is driven (pressed) in conjunction with the lowering operation of the switch drive section (pressing section),
It is arranged so as to be in an operating state (ON) at different timings one after another. In other words, since the operator only touches the key and detects only a small change in the key speed between the key being depressed and the key being released (the key being sufficiently depressed), the operator It was not possible to detect whether the key was operated in such a performance mode. Further, the prior art 2 realizes the whole stroke sensing, but since it mainly detects the initial change, it has not yet reached the detection of the performance mode. Furthermore, actual Kaihei 2-1
No. 31794 and No. 7-15033 are provided with a contact sensor on the key surface in addition to a switch for detecting the on / off of the key, so that the musical sound can be controlled by the time from key touch to key on. The performance mode of the performer could not be detected.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic keyboard instrument capable of detecting the playing mode of an operator.

[0005]

The electronic keyboard instrument according to the first aspect of the present invention is a key operated during performance, and is rotatably connected to a predetermined position of the key, and serves as a fulcrum for the rotation. Mass body means having a fulcrum portion, sliding support means for slidably supporting the fulcrum portion of the mass body means when the mass body means is driven by the movement of the key, and the mass body means And a sensor means for detecting the sliding state of the fulcrum portion. An electronic keyboard instrument according to a second aspect of the present invention includes a key to be operated during performance, a switch means to be driven according to the movement of the key, and a rotatably connected position of the key. Mass body means having a fulcrum portion serving as a fulcrum of rotation, and sliding support means for slidably supporting the fulcrum portion of the mass body means when the mass body means is driven by the movement of the key, A sensor means provided on the slide support means for detecting a sliding state of a fulcrum portion of the mass body means, the switch means and the slide support means are mounted, and the switch means and the sensor means are predetermined. And a substrate having wiring for supplying the electric signal. An electronic keyboard instrument according to a third aspect of the present invention includes a key to be operated during performance, a switch means driven by the movement of the key, and a rotatably connected position of the key. Mass body means having a fulcrum portion serving as a fulcrum of rotation, and sliding support means for slidably supporting the fulcrum portion of the mass body means when the mass body means is driven by the movement of the key, A sensor means for detecting a sliding state of a fulcrum portion of the mass body means and a control means for controlling a musical sound based on detection signals from the switch means and the sensor means are provided. In the first, second and third inventions, the mass means is driven in conjunction with the swinging motion of the key. At this time, since the fulcrum part of the mass body means is supported by the slidable slide support means, the fulcrum part of the mass body means slides on the slide support means in accordance with the swinging motion of the key. . Therefore, the sensor means can detect the sliding state of the fulcrum portion of the mass body means over the entire range (entire stroke) from when the operator touches the key and pushes down the key to releasing the key. Therefore, based on the sliding state of the fulcrum portion of the mass body means detected by the sensor means, it becomes possible to detect the initial velocity of the key at the time of key depression, which could not be conventionally detected. It is possible to detect the performance mode of the operator based on the initial speed and reflect it in the tone control. By mounting the switch means and the sliding support means on the same substrate as in the second aspect of the invention, they can be attached and detached at the same time, which has the effect of facilitating maintenance and inspection. . Further, as in the third invention, a switch means which is directly driven by the rocking motion of the key is separately provided, and the musical sound is controlled based on the detection signals from the switch means and the sensor means, so that there is a wide variety of performances. It is possible to add various expressions. As a preferred embodiment of the third invention, the switch means detects touch information of a predetermined type when the key is operated,
The sensor means may detect touch information other than the touch information detected by the switch means. Further, at least one of the sensor means and the switch means may operate as a contact time difference detection type touch response switch that switches with a time lag as the key is operated.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1A and 1B are diagrams showing a detailed configuration of a keyboard portion of an electronic keyboard instrument according to the present invention. FIG. 1A shows a state when no key is pressed, and FIG. 1B shows a state when a key is pressed. . The keyboard frame 10 supports a fulcrum portion 11 that supports the key 20, stopper portions 12 and 13 that regulate the operation range of the mass body 30 that interlocks with the key 20, and a printed circuit board 40 on which various switches and sensors are mounted. The board supporting portion 14 and the guide portion 1 serving as a guide for the swinging movement of the key 20.
And 5. The fulcrum portion 11 swingably supports the key 20 and has a pin shape having salient poles. Key 2
No. 0 has a U-shaped vertical cross section with the entire shape open downward, and its base end is mortar-like like the crater of a volcano,
The bottom is open. The salient pole portion of the fulcrum portion 11 is inserted into this opening. Therefore, the key 20 is swingably supported in the vertical and horizontal directions (vertical and horizontal directions in the figure) about the fulcrum 11 as a rotation axis, but the guide 15 restricts the horizontal direction. . Since the white key and the black key have substantially the same configuration, only the white key will be described here. The keyboard frame 10 needs to have rigidity to maintain a predetermined shape, and is therefore made of, for example, metal. On the other hand, the key 20 is made of synthetic resin or the like.

The back side of the keyboard frame 10 (right side in the figure)
Is provided with a rectangular slit 101, and an end portion of the mass body 30, that is, a mass core portion 33 projects from the slit. The mass body 30 is adapted to interlock with the swing motion of the key 20. The operation of the mass body 30 will be described later. The stopper portion 12 is formed by bending a slit-shaped portion of the keyboard frame 10 by about 110 degrees,
It is formed of a stopper felt provided at the tip portion thereof. The outer peripheral surface of the mass core portion 33 contacts the stopper felt of the stopper portion 12. The stopper portion 13 is formed of a stopper felt provided on the lower inner surface side of the keyboard frame 10. The side surface of the rod-shaped mass concentrating portion 32 of the mass body 30 contacts the stopper felt of the stopper portion 13.

The board supporting portion 14 is on the front side (left side in the figure) of the keyboard frame 10 and has an opening for projecting the switch element 41 and the sliding member 42 on the printed board 40 into the frame. The printed board 40 has wiring for supplying various electric signals to the photosensors 43 and 44 on the switch element 41 and the sliding member 42. The printed board 40 is fixed to the board supporting portion 14 of the keyboard frame 10 by a pressing member 45. The pressing member 45 has a protrusion 451 having a taper with one end partially protruding inserted into the through hole 102 formed in the front side surface of the frame, and the standing portion 452 at the other end is fixed to the keyboard frame 10 by the screw 16. It Therefore, the printed board 40 on which the switch element 41 and the sliding member 42 are mounted can be easily attached to and detached from the keyboard frame 10 only by removing the pressing member 45. That is, if the screw 16 is removed and the pressing member 45 is removed, the printed circuit board 40 naturally drops down and can be removed. The printed circuit board 40 can be easily attached and detached from the keyboard side. The switch element 41 projects into the frame through an opening provided in the substrate supporting portion 14 of the keyboard frame 10, and the switch pressing portions 21 and 22 of the key 20.
Operates at different timings (on)
It is composed of a pair of conductive rubber switches having a circular cross section. The switch element 41 is a contact time difference detection type touch response switch, and when pressed by the switch pressing portions 21 and 22, the switch element 41 is deformed accordingly, and a switch signal K indicating an operating state at different timings.
1 and K2 are output. This electronic keyboard instrument detects the output time difference between two switch signals K1 and K2 output at different timings, and controls the output tone such as the tone volume, envelope change, tone color, etc. according to the difference. The guide portion 15 is formed by notching the front surface of the keyboard frame 10 into a comb tooth shape and bending it as each comb tooth stand piece, so that the vertical movement of the keyboard 20 during key depression is stable. The action is guided so that The keyboard contact portion of the guide portion 15 is covered with a protective member.

On the side of the free end of the key 20, there is provided an actuator portion 25 projecting downward, and on the lower surface of this actuator portion 25 are two switch pressing portions 21, 2 consisting of protrusions.
2 The switch pressing portions 21 and 22 correspond to the shape of the switch element 41, and the conductive rubbers of the two circular cross sections of the spectacle-shaped switch element 41 are sequentially deformed at different timings and brought into an operating state at different timings. Further, on the free end side of the actuator portion 25, columnar salient pole portions serving as fulcrums of the mass body 30 are provided on both sides, and the mass body 30 is rotatably held.

The mass body 30 includes a base portion 31 and a rod-shaped mass concentration portion 3.
2 and the mass core part 33. The base 31 is made of resin, has a fulcrum recess 35 made of soft resin (for example, urethane rubber) at the base end of the base, and has a mass body fulcrum that slides along the guide groove of the sliding member 42 at the center. It has a portion 34 and an insertion hole for firmly holding the rod-shaped mass concentration portion 32 on the other end side. That is, the mass body 30 outserts resin around the rod-shaped mass concentrated portion formed of metal to form each of the above portions. The columnar salient pole portion of the key 20 is inserted into the fulcrum recess 35. Therefore, the mass body 30 serves as a so-called link member that rotates around the fulcrum recess 35. FIG. 2 shows a detailed configuration of the fulcrum recess 35 of the mass body 30 into which the cylindrical salient pole portion of the key 20 is inserted. FIG. 2A is an enlarged view of the fulcrum recess 35 of the mass body 30, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along the WW plane. As shown in FIG. 2, the fulcrum recess 35 made of soft resin
Is inserted into the opening of the resin base 31. An annular groove is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the opening of the resin base 31, and a spherical disk of the tip of the fulcrum recess 35 made of soft resin is inserted into the annular groove. The fulcrum recess 35 made of a soft resin has a guide groove for guiding the cylindrical salient pole portion of the key 20 to the recess along the longitudinal direction of the mass body 30. This guide groove is inclined along the longitudinal direction of the mass body 30 in the sectional view of FIG. Therefore, the columnar salient pole portion of the key 20 is slid along the guide groove and inserted into the fulcrum recess 35. When the key pressing speed of the key 20 is high, the center of the fulcrum recess 35 made of soft resin is eccentric due to temporary elastic deformation.

The mass fulcrum portion 34 is in the shape of a semi-circular plate protruding downward from substantially the center of the base portion 31. The semicircular outer peripheral surface and the first guide groove 421 of the sliding member 42 are
The key 20 is linearly moved on the guide groove of the sliding member 42 while sequentially contacting the contact surfaces between when the key 20 is not pressed and when the key is pressed. That is, when the mass body 30 rotates about the fulcrum recess 35, the mass body fulcrum part 34 slides linearly in the guide groove of the sliding part 42 and at the same time rotates according to the rotational movement amount of the mass body 30. become. In addition, the first guide groove 4 of the sliding member 42
Second guide grooves 422 and 423 are formed on the side wall of 21, and small wing portions 34a and 34b formed on the upper part of the mass body fulcrum portion 34 are fitted and inserted, as shown in FIG. The small wing portion 34b is a small wing portion projecting just on the back side of the small wing portion 34a, and the small wing portion 34b is in the groove 422 and the small wing portion 3 is in the groove 423.
4a is inserted and inserted, and the sliding member and the mass body are linked in the upper and lower directions so that the mass body 30 does not jump out of the sliding member 42 even when the key is shocked. Here, it was explained that the mass body fulcrum portion 34 was slid on the sliding member 42 in a straight line, but the sliding surface of the sliding member 42 is formed in an arc shape of downward projection or upward projection, The fulcrum portion 34 may slide on this. If it is pushed down, the touch feeling can be lightened in the early stage of key depression and then heavy after that, and if it is pushed up, it can be made heavy in the initial stage of key depression and then lightened. The semicircular plate-shaped mass supporting point 34 is shown in FIG.
As shown in (D) and FIG. 4, it is entirely white, and at least two black band-shaped scales are arranged in the vertical direction on a part thereof. The intervals between the black belt-shaped scales are, as described later, the photosensors 4 provided on the sliding member 42.
Corresponding to the positional relationship with 3, 44, the colors are arranged at predetermined pitch intervals.

A mass core portion 33 is formed at the tip of the rod-shaped mass concentration portion 32 by header processing or the like. By appropriately selecting the masses of the rod-shaped mass concentrating portion 32 and the mass core portion 33, a touch feeling at the time of key depression, that is, an inertial effect, can be exhibited similar to a piano. Further, the rod-shaped mass concentrating portion 32 and the mass core portion 33 also function as returning means for returning the key 20 to the initial position when the key is not pressed. When the key is not pressed as shown in FIG. 1 (A), the rod-shaped mass concentration portion 32 stops contacting with the stopper portion 13,
When the key is depressed as shown in (B), the mass core portion 33 stops contacting with the stopper portion 12. As a result, the moving range of the key 20 is also restricted. An operation panel P also serving as a cover is provided as shown by a dotted line in FIG. 1 so that the key 20 does not jump out of the fulcrum portion 11 due to a reaction when the key is pressed.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a detailed structure of the sliding member 42. FIG. 3A is a perspective view of the sliding member 42. FIG.
FIGS. 1B to 1D are cross-sectional views showing the relationship between the sliding member 42 and the semicircular mass body fulcrum portion 34 of the mass body 30 when the key is not pressed as shown in FIG. 1A. , Fig. 3 (B) is X
3C is along the -X plane, FIG. 3C is along the YY plane, and FIG. 3D is along the ZZ plane. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the sliding member 42 and the semicircular plate-shaped mass body fulcrum portion 34 of the mass body 30 at the time of key depression as shown in FIG. 1 (B), and FIG. It corresponds to. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of photosensors embedded on both sides of the guide groove of the sliding member 42.

As is apparent from FIG. 3, the sliding member 42 has a concave groove 421 for slidingly guiding the mass fulcrum portion 34,
Photosensors 43 and 44 are embedded on both sides of the groove 421 at positions separated from the side surface of the mass support 34 by a predetermined distance. The photosensors 43 and 44 are electrically connected to the wiring on the printed board 40 by a conductor (not shown). The relative positional relationship between the photosensors 43 and 44 is shifted in the sliding direction by the black band-shaped scale interval of the mass body fulcrum portion 34. That is, the photo sensor 44
3 is shifted to the right by one interval (1 pitch) on the black belt-shaped scale with respect to the photo sensor 43, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the photosensors 43 and 44 are composed of a light emitting portion and a light receiving portion, and the light emitted from the light emitting portion 4
Of the 3a, the light receiving portion receives the light 43b reflected by the mass body fulcrum portion 34. Photo sensor 43
When the light 43a emitted from the light emitting portion of the illuminates the white portion of the mass fulcrum portion 34, the light is reflected by the white portion and enters the light receiving portion. On the other hand, the light 4 emitted from the light emitting portion of the photo sensor 43
When 3a irradiates the black band of the mass fulcrum portion 34, most of the light is absorbed by the black portion, and the light receiving portion 4
No light is incident on 3b. Therefore, the mass support 3
4 slides and linearly moves in the guide groove of the sliding member 42,
The photo sensor 43 outputs a signal P1 as shown in FIG. 8 corresponding to the moving position of the mass fulcrum portion 34.
As shown in FIG. 3B, the photo sensor 44 is arranged to be displaced to the right by a distance corresponding to the pitch of the black band with respect to the photo sensor 43. Correspondingly, a signal P2 having a different generation timing from the signal P1 as shown in FIG. 8 is output.

That is, when the key 20 is pressed and the mass fulcrum portion 34 starts to move (slide) to the right from the unpressed state as shown in FIG. 3D, the signal P1 comes first. Output,
After that, the signal P2 is output. On the contrary, when the key 20 is released from the key-depressed state as shown in FIG. 4 and the mass body fulcrum portion 34 starts to move (slide) to the left, the signal P2 is output first, and then the signal P2 is output. The signal P1 is output to. Therefore, based on the output states of the signals P1 and P2, the mass support 3
It is possible to recognize in which direction the 4 is moving (sliding). Further, the moving (sliding) speed can be easily detected by measuring the generation timing of the signals P1 and P2.

6 and 7, the signals P1 and P2 from the photosensors 43 and 44 are generated when the key 20 is depressed.
And the time t until the switch signals K1 and K2 are output from the switch element 41, and the movement stroke Sk when the mass support point 34 actually moves (slides) on the sliding member 42.
FIG. That is, in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, since the mass body fulcrum portion 34 moves (slides) to the right on the sliding member 42 in conjunction with the lowering operation of the key 20, this movement amount (stroke Sk) and time are shown. It shows the relationship of. Here, the straight lines SPa and SPb indicate the case where the fulcrum recess 35 of the base 31 of the mass body 30 is made of a hard resin that does not elastically deform. In addition, the curve Ska of FIG.
Indicates a case where the key 20 is pressed in a normal performance mode,
The curve Skb in FIG. 7 is obtained when the key 20 is pressed in a performance mode such as a push-push from a state where a finger is attached to the key (that is, the key is pressed to the final stroke). Case). 6 and 7, it is assumed that the switch signals K1 and K2 are generated at the same timing. Even if the generation timings of the switch signals K1 and K2 are the same, the signal P output from the photosensors 43 and 44 in the sliding portion is different due to the different playing modes.
The generation timings of 1 and P2 are different between the performance modes. This is because the fulcrum recess 35 made of soft resin of the mass body 30 is temporarily elastically deformed according to the speed at the time of key depression, and the central axis of the fulcrum recess 35 is eccentric. In the case of normal performance, the acceleration is applied only at the start of key depression and is not applied over the entire stroke (that is, the acceleration application time is very short). Like the curve Ska, the elastic deformation of the soft resin fulcrum recess 35 is small, and the rate of change of the curvature of the curve Ska is also small. However, in the case of the above-described push-push, since the acceleration is applied over the entire stroke from the start of the key depression (that is, the acceleration application time is long), the soft resin fulcrum recessed portion as shown by the curve Skb in FIG. The elastic deformation ratio of 35 is large, and the change ratio of the curvature of the curve Skb is also large. Therefore, as a result, the switch signals K1 and K
Even if the generation timings of 2 are the same, the generation timings of the signals P1 and P2 are different depending on the performance mode. Specifically, the curve Ska is the curve Skb
The generation timing of the signals P1 and P2 is earlier than that of the above. In the electronic keyboard musical instrument according to this embodiment, the signal P1 generated at the timing according to the playing mode as described above.
And P2 and the switch signals K1 and K2 are used to control various characteristics of the musical sound.

The system configuration of this electronic keyboard instrument will be described below. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the system configuration of the electronic keyboard instrument according to the present invention. In the figure, signals P1 and P
2, the details of only the part related to the processing of the switch signals K1 and K2 are shown, and most of the other parts are the same as the conventional ones, and the description thereof is omitted. The flip-flop circuit 91 inputs the signal P1 detected by the photo sensor 43 to the set terminal S as a set signal, inputs the logical sum signal from the OR circuit 96 to the reset terminal R as a reset signal, and changes the state according to both signals. The output Q is output to the first input terminal of the AND circuit 93, the enable terminal EN of the oscillator 99, the enable terminal EN of the counter circuit 9A, the inverting circuit 9B, and the first input terminal of the AND circuit 94. On the other hand, the flip-flop circuit 92 inputs the signal P2 detected by the photo sensor 44 as a set signal to the set terminal S, inputs the logical sum signal from the OR circuit 96 as a reset signal to the reset terminal R, and responds to both signals. Output state output Q to the second input terminals of AND circuits 93 and 94, respectively.
The AND circuit 93 inputs the state output Q from the flip-flop circuit 91 to the first input terminal of the active row and the state output Q from the flip-flop circuit 92 to the second input terminal, and takes the logical product of both signals, The AND signal is output to the one-shot pulse generation circuit 95. That is, in the AND circuit 93, the state output Q of the flip-flop circuit 91 is low level “0”, and the flip-flop circuit 92.
When the state output Q of (1) is high level "1" (when the signal P2 is first output at timing t6 in FIG. 8), the AND signal of high level "1" is output to the one-shot circuit 95.
The AND circuit 94 inputs the state output Q from the flip-flop circuit 91 to the first input terminal and the state output Q from the flip-flop circuit 92 to the second input terminal, calculates the logical product of both signals, and outputs the logical product. The signal is output to the latch terminal L of the latch circuit 9C. That is, the AND circuit 94 uses the AND signal of the high level "1" as the latch signal L1 when the state outputs Q of the flip-flop circuits 91 and 92 are both at the high level "1", and the latch terminal L of the latch circuit 9C.
Output to

When the high-level "1" AND signal is input from the AND circuit 93, the one-shot pulse generation circuit 95 outputs pulses at predetermined intervals according to the AND signal to the reset terminals of the flip-flop circuits 91 and 92 via the OR circuit 96. Output to R. Therefore, the flip-flop circuits 91 and 92 maintain the reset state while the pulse from the one-shot pulse generating circuit 95 is being input. The inverting circuit 97 receives the switch signal K1, inverts it, and outputs it to the trigger generator 98. The trigger generator 98 outputs a trigger pulse synchronized with the rising edge of the switch signal K1 inverted by the inverting circuit 97 to the reset terminals R of the flip-flop circuits 91 and 92 via the OR circuit 96. That is, the inverting circuit 97 and the trigger generator 98
Is to reset the flip-flop circuits 91 and 92 in synchronization with the falling edge of the switch signal K1 at timing t5 in FIG. 8, that is, in synchronization with the key-off. Although not shown, the trigger pulse from the trigger generator 98 is also output to the tone signal forming circuit 9K as a key-off processing start signal.

The oscillator 99 outputs the high-level "1" state output Q from the flip-flop circuit 91 to the enable terminal EN.
Input to the counter circuit 9A, a clock pulse having a predetermined cycle is output to the counter circuit 9A in synchronization with the input. When the counter circuit 9A inputs the state output Q of high level "1" from the flip-flop circuit 91 to the enable terminal EN, the clock pulse from the oscillator 99 is counted from that point and the count value is supplied to each of the latch circuits 9C to 9E. Output. That is, the oscillator 99 and the counter circuit 9A start counting time based on the time point when the state output Q of the flip-flop circuit 91 becomes the high level "1". Although the oscillator 99 and the counter circuit 9A operate by inputting the state output Q of the high level "1" from the flip-flop circuit 91 to the enable terminal, the oscillator 99 and the counter circuit 9A are not limited to this. It is also possible to use a cyclic counter that counts and reset it when the state output Q of the flip-flop circuit becomes high level “1”.

The inverting circuit 9B is a flip-flop circuit 91.
The state output Q is inverted and output as a reset signal to the reset terminals R of the latch circuits 9C to 9E. The latch circuits 9C to 9E are commonly reset by the reset signal from the inverting circuit 9B, and latch the count value from the counter circuit 9A by the latch signals L1 to L3 rising to the high level "1" at different timings. The latch signal L2 is the switch signal K1,
The latch signal L3 is the switch signal K2. The latch circuit 9C receives the logical product signal (latch signal L from the AND circuit 94).
The count value from the counter circuit 9A at the time when 1) rises to the high level "1" is latched and the value is output to the arithmetic circuits 9F, 9G and 9H. That is, the latch circuit 9C detects the signal P1 detected by the photo sensor 43.
Signal P2 detected by the photo sensor 44 from the time when the signal rises to the high level "1" (timing t1 in FIG. 8).
Rises to a high level "1" (time t3 in FIG. 8), the time T1 is measured, and the value T1 is output to the arithmetic circuits 9F, 9G and 9H. The latch circuit 9D latches the count value from the counter circuit 9A at the rising time of the switch signal K1 from the switch element 41 (timing t3 in FIG. 8) and outputs the value to the arithmetic circuits 9F and 9J. That is, the latch circuit 9D receives the signal P1 at the high level "1" (timing t in FIG. 8).
The time T2 from 1) to the time when the switch signal K1 rises to the high level "1" (timing t3 in FIG. 8) is measured, and the value T2 is output to the arithmetic circuits 9F and 9J. The latch circuit 9E latches the count value from the counter circuit 9A when the switch signal K2 rises,
The value is output to the arithmetic circuit 9J. That is, in the latch circuit 9E, the time T3 from the time when the signal P1 rises to the high level "1" (timing t1 in FIG. 8) to the time when the switch signal K2 rises to the high level "1" (timing t4 in FIG. 8). Is measured and the value T3 is output to the arithmetic circuit 9J.

The arithmetic circuit 9F subtracts the time T1 latched by the latch circuit 9C from the time T2 latched by the latch circuit 9D, and outputs the subtracted value T2-T1 to the arithmetic circuit 9G. The arithmetic circuit 9G divides the subtraction value T2-T1 obtained by the arithmetic circuit 9F by the time T1 latched by the latch circuit 9C, and the division value (T2-T
1) / T1 is output to the tone signal forming circuit 9K. The arithmetic circuit 9J subtracts the time T2 latched by the latch circuit 9D from the time T3 latched by the latch circuit 9E, and outputs the subtracted value T3-T2 to the arithmetic circuit 9H and the tone signal forming circuit 9K. The arithmetic circuit 9H is the arithmetic circuit 9J.
The subtraction value T3-T2 obtained by
Divide by the time T1 latched in the
3-T2) / T1 is output to the tone signal forming circuit 9K.

The tone signal forming circuit 9K inputs the subtracted value T3-T2 from the arithmetic circuit 9J as the tone control signal tc1 and the divided value (T2-T1) / T1 from the arithmetic circuit 9G as the tone control signal tc2. Then, the divided value (T3−T2) / T1 from the arithmetic circuit 9H is input as the musical tone control signal tc3, the time T1 from the latch circuit 9C is input as the musical tone control signal tc4, and the timbre from the timbre setting means 9L and each Predetermined musical tone control is performed based on the musical tone control signals tc1 to tc4 to generate a musical tone signal whose tone color, volume and pitch are controlled. Any tone signal generation method may be used in the tone signal forming circuit 9K. For example, a memory reading method for sequentially reading out musical tone waveform sample value data stored in a waveform memory according to address data that changes in accordance with the pitch of a musical tone to be generated, or a method in which the address data is used as phase angle parameter data at a predetermined frequency A known method such as an FM method for performing a modulation operation to obtain musical tone waveform sample value data, or an AM method for performing a predetermined amplitude modulation operation using the above address data as phase angle parameter data to obtain musical sound waveform sample value data. You may employ suitably. The tone signal generated from the tone signal forming circuit 9K is sounded by an amplifier, a speaker or the like (not shown). As an example of tone color control, the tone signal forming circuit 9K sets n of n-point interpolation reading to tone control signal tc.
2 = (T2-T1) / T1 for change control. That is, the order of n is controlled according to the tone control signal tc2. The larger the order of n, the more rounded the waveform. Note that the cutoff frequency in the filter processing after converting the musical tone signal into an analog signal may be controlled by the musical tone control signal tc2. In addition, T2 / T1 and T3 / T
It is also possible to provide a calculation circuit for calculating 2 and use this value as a tone control signal to perform tone color control. Further, the tone signal forming circuit 9K makes the tone color brighter when the tone control signal tc3 or T2 / T1 is small, because the tone is pushed. Regarding the volume, basically, the tone control signal tc1 = T as in the conventional case.
3-T2, the tone control signal tc3 = (T3
Correct by -T2) / T1. That is, the tone control signal t
When the value of c1 is small, the initial acceleration is large, so the volume is set high and the volume is corrected by the tone control signal tc3. That is, in the rendition style with a large initial acceleration, the volume is set to be higher than the volume normally set. Note that the volume is set to the tone control signal tc.
You may control by only 3.

Next, an example of the operation of the electronic keyboard instrument according to the present invention will be described with reference to the timing chart of FIG. First, if the operator depresses the key 20 and the finger 20 touches the key 20 at timing t0 and the key 20 continues to descend, the mass support point 34 slides in conjunction with the descending operation of the key 20. Move (slide) on the right side of 42. At this time, assuming that the fulcrum recess 35 of the base 31 of the mass body 30 is made of a hard resin that does not elastically deform, the mass fulcrum portion 34 has proportional straight lines SPa and SPb as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
With such characteristics, it moves (slides) on the sliding portion 42. Then, the signals P1 and P2 are output at the time when the stroke Sk becomes S1 and S2 according to the key pressing speed (inclination of the straight lines SPa and SPb). However, in this embodiment, since the fulcrum recess 35 that is the contact point between the key 20 and the mass body 30 is made of soft resin, the fulcrum recess 35 made of soft resin starts elastically deforming from the time t0 when the key is pressed. Therefore, the mass body fulcrum portion 34 has the curve S of FIG. 6 or 7.
It moves (slides) on the sliding portion 42 with a characteristic such as ka or Skb. Then, when the stroke Sk becomes S1 and S2, the signals P1 and P2 are output. The difference between the curves Ska and Skb depends on whether the key 20 is pressed in the normal playing mode or the key 20 is pressed in the playing mode as described above.

When the mass support 34 moves (slides) to the right on the sliding member 42 and its stroke Sk becomes S1, the signal P1 becomes high level "1" at the time t1. When the signal P1 becomes high level "1", the flip-flop circuit 91 enters the set state and the high level "1".
Is output to the oscillator 99, the counter circuit 9A, the inverting circuit 9B, and the AND circuits 93 and 94. Therefore, at this time t1, the counter circuit 9A starts counting clock pulses output from the oscillator 99, and the latch circuits 9C to 9E are all reset. At this time t1
Then, there is no change in the states of the AND circuits 93 and 94. Then, when the stroke Sk of the mass fulcrum portion 34 reaches S2, at this time point t2, the signal P2 is at the high level "1".
become. When the signal P2 becomes high level "1", the flip-flop circuit 92 is set, and the state output Q of high level "1" is output to the AND circuits 93 and 94. Although the state of the AND circuit 93 does not change, the AND circuit 94 outputs the AND signal of high level "1", that is, the latch pulse L1 to the latch terminal L of the latch circuit 9C at this time t2. As a result, the latch circuit 9C has a count value (time T1a in the case of FIG. 6 and time T1 in the case of FIG. 7) corresponding to the time T1 from the time t1 to the time t2.
1b) is latched.

Further, the key 20 descends, and the mass support 3
The stroke Sk of No. 4 becomes S3, the switch signal K1 of the switch element 41, that is, the latch pulse L2 becomes high level "1" at the time t3, and the latch circuit 9D corresponds to the time T2 from the time t1 to the time t3. The count value (a value corresponding to time T2a in the case of FIG. 6 and time T2b in the case of FIG. 7) is latched. Further, the stroke Sk of the mass body fulcrum portion 34 becomes S4, and at that time t
At 4, the switch signal K2 of the switch element 41, that is, the latch pulse L3 becomes high level "1", and the latch circuit 9
At E, a count value corresponding to the time T3 from the time t1 to the time t4 (a value corresponding to the time T3a in the case of FIG. 6 and a time T3b in the case of FIG. 7) is latched. Then, each of the arithmetic circuits 9F to 9J performs a predetermined arithmetic operation and outputs the arithmetic result to the tone signal forming circuit 9K. As a result, the musical tone signal forming circuit 9K performs a series of processes based on each calculation result to generate a musical tone signal.

When the operator releases the key 20 after time t4, the switch signal K2 becomes low level "0", and then at time t5 the switch signal K1 becomes low level "0". Since the inversion circuit 97 inverts the switch signal K1 and outputs it to the trigger generator 98, the trigger generator 98 outputs a trigger pulse at that time t5 via the OR circuit 96 to the reset terminals R of the flip-flop circuits 91 and 92. Output to. The trigger pulse is also output to the tone signal forming circuit 9K as a key-off processing start signal. The flip-flop circuits 91 and 92 are reset by this trigger pulse, and the status output Q becomes low level "0". Then, as the time passes, the mass support 34 starts to move (slide) to the left, which is the opposite of the time when the key is pressed. Therefore, at time t6, the signal P2 becomes the high level "1" first. When the signal P2 becomes high level "1", the flip-flop circuit 92 is set, and the state output Q of high level "1" is output to the AND circuits 93 and 94. On the other hand, at this time, the flip-flop circuit 91 is still reset by the trigger pulse at time t5, so the state output Q of low level “0” is input to the first input terminal of the AND circuit 93. Therefore, the AND circuit 93 outputs a high-level "1" AND signal to the one-shot pulse generation circuit 95 at this time t6. The one-shot pulse generation circuit 95 outputs the one-shot pulse generation pulse OS having a predetermined width as shown in FIG. 8 from the time point t6 when the AND signal of the high level “1” is input through the OR circuit 96 and the flip-flop circuits 91 and 92. Continues to output to the reset terminal R of. Therefore, even if the signals P2 and P1 sequentially become high level "1" after this time, the states of the flip-flop circuits 91 and 92 do not change at all. Then, when the key 20 is pressed again, a series of operations as described above is performed accordingly.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the signals P2 and P1 sequentially become the high level "1" when the key is released from the key-depressed state and no control is performed is explained. Signals P2 and P1 when keyed
The musical sound may be controlled according to the output timing of, that is, the touch information when releasing the key. In this case, the output timings of the switch signals K2 and K1 may be similarly used to control the musical sound in accordance with various calculation results. In addition, although the case where two black bands are provided in the mass body fulcrum part 34 was demonstrated in the above-mentioned embodiment, it is not limited to this. For example, if the control is performed only at the first rising point of the signals P1 and P2 as described above, the number of black bands may be one. When a plurality of black bands are provided, the key pressing speed and the key pressing acceleration at the time of key pressing can be detected by sequentially measuring the generation times of the signals P1, P2, P3, .... Therefore, the musical sound may be controlled based on the detected value. That is, in this case, the switch element 41 may not be provided.

In the above embodiment, the photo sensor 43 is used.
Although the relative positional relationship between Nos. 44 and 44 has been described as being displaced in the sliding direction by the same amount as the interval between the black bands of the mass body fulcrum portion 34, it may be shifted by half the interval between the black bands. That is, by shifting by half the interval at which the black band is provided, it becomes possible to detect the sliding direction from the state change of the signals P1 and P2 using a technique such as an encoder. If the sliding direction can be detected, it becomes possible to detect whether or not the operator continuously presses the key 20 without releasing the finger based on the change in the sliding direction, and this is reflected in the tone control. You may allow it. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the photosensors 43 and 44 and the black band of the mass body fulcrum portion 34 are detected only in a part of the entire stroke of the key 20, that is, immediately after the start of key depression, is described. It is also possible to detect the movement of the key when the key is pressed over the entire stroke and reflect it in the tone control. In this case, the photo sensor and the black band may be arranged so that all strokes can be detected. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the arrangement of the photo sensors 43 and 44 is displaced in the sliding direction has been described.
3 and 44 may be provided at the same position in the sliding direction, and the black band may be displaced in the sliding direction by a predetermined distance. Although the photosensors 43 and 44 are provided on both sides, they may be provided on one side.

As shown in FIG. 10, a convex portion or a concave portion may be provided on the sliding surface of the sliding member 42. by this,
A click feeling occurs when a key is pressed, and the outputs of the photosensors 43 and 44 become non-linear. Further, when the keys are continuously pressed quickly, the click feeling disappears, and when the key is pressed normally, the click feeling occurs. In this case, the fulcrum recess 35 may be made of soft resin (for example, urethane rubber) or hard resin. In the above-described embodiment, the case where the black band is provided on the mass body fulcrum portion 34 and the relationship between the relative positions of the black body and the photosensor is digitally detected has been described. Alternatively, the sliding position may be detected in an analog manner by gradually changing the width of the black band and providing a photosensor whose output value changes according to the width of the black band. Also, instead of the photo sensor, a Hall element or the like that detects a magnetic change may be used. In FIG. 9, the tone signal forming circuit 9K controls the tone control signal t
The case of performing the predetermined tone control based on c1 to tc4 has been described, but when the tone control signals tc1 and tc4 are made switchable and a tone of percussion instrument type tone color is generated, the key depression speed in the initial key depression state. The tone control may be appropriately performed so that the tone control is performed according to the tone control signal tc4 corresponding to, and when a tone of a normal keyboard instrument tone color is generated, the tone control is performed according to the tone control signal tc1. In addition, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the switch element 41 is configured by the contact time difference detection type touch response switch has been described, but the switch element 41 is simply an on / off switch, and the photosensors 43 and 44 detect contact time difference. May be detected based on the signals P1 and P2 from

[0030]

According to the present invention, the performance mode of the operator can be detected, and by reflecting it in the generation of the musical sound, the expressive performance can be performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of a keyboard portion of an electronic keyboard musical instrument according to the present invention, FIG. 1 (A) shows a state when no key is pressed, and FIG. 1 (B) shows a state when a key is pressed. Show.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of a fulcrum recess of a mass body.

3 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of a sliding member, and FIG.
3A is a perspective view thereof, and FIGS. 3B to 3D are XX planes and YY planes respectively showing the positional relationship between the sliding member and the mass body fulcrum portion of the mass body when no key is pressed. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the ZZ plane.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a positional relationship between a sliding member and a mass body fulcrum portion of a mass body when a key is pressed.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of photosensors embedded on both sides of a guide groove of a sliding member.

FIG. 6 is a time t until the photosensor outputs signals P1 and P2 and the switch elements K1 and K2 when a key is pressed in a normal playing mode, It is a figure which shows the relationship with the movement stroke Sk which the mass body fulcrum part moved (slides) on the sliding member.

FIG. 7 shows a signal P from the photosensor when a key is pressed in a performance mode such as a keystroke.
1, P2, a time t until the switch signals K1 and K2 are output from the switch element, and a movement stroke Sk in which the mass support point actually moves (slides) on the sliding member. is there.

FIG. 8 is a timing chart showing an operation example of the electronic keyboard instrument according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a system configuration of an electronic keyboard instrument according to the present invention.

10 is a view showing a modified example of the sliding member, and FIG.
10A shows a case where a convex portion is provided on the sliding surface, and FIG. 10B shows a case where a concave portion is provided on the sliding surface.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... Keyboard frame, 11 ... Support part, 12, 13 ... Stopper part, 14 ... Board support part, 15 ... Guide part, 16 ... Screw, 20 ... Key, 21, 22 ... Switch pressing part, 30 ... Mass body, 31 ... Base part, 32 ... Rod-shaped mass concentration part, 33 ... Mass core part, 34 ... Mass body fulcrum part, 35 ... fulcrum recess part, 40 ...
Printed circuit board, 41 ... Switch element, 42 ... Sliding member,
43, 44 ... Photo sensor, 45 ... Holding member

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A key to be operated during performance, and a key rotatably connected to a predetermined position of the key, and
Mass body means having a fulcrum portion serving as a fulcrum of the rotation, and sliding support means for slidably supporting the fulcrum portion of the mass body means when the mass body means is driven by the movement of the key. An electronic keyboard instrument, comprising: a sensor means for detecting a sliding state of a fulcrum portion of the mass body means. 2. A key operated during performance, a switch means driven by the movement of the key, rotatably connected to a predetermined position of the key, and
Mass body means having a fulcrum portion serving as a fulcrum of the rotation, and sliding support means for slidably supporting the fulcrum portion of the mass body means when the mass body means is driven by the movement of the key. A sensor means provided on the sliding support means for detecting a sliding state of a fulcrum part of the mass body means, the switch means and the sliding support means being mounted, and the switch means and the sensor means An electronic keyboard instrument, comprising: a substrate having wiring for supplying a predetermined electric signal. 3. A key operated during performance, a switch means driven by the movement of the key, rotatably connected to a predetermined position of the key, and
Mass body means having a fulcrum portion serving as a fulcrum of the rotation, and sliding support means for slidably supporting the fulcrum portion of the mass body means when the mass body means is driven by the movement of the key. An electronic keyboard comprising: a sensor means for detecting a sliding state of a fulcrum portion of the mass body means; and a control means for controlling a musical sound based on a detection signal from the switch means and the sensor means. Musical instrument.