JPH09225711A - Tool holding device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the relative movement in the radial direction of a member to hold a machining tool to a member to hold the member and be fixed to a machine tool side. SOLUTION: A collet 154 is fitted to a drill holder 36, and urged in the direction away from a flange part 110 by a coned disk spring 156. A one-way clutch 180 is provided on a sleeve 10. In the one-way clutch 180, rollers 182 are arranged in the clearance which is provided within a casing and gradually reduced in the circumferential direction, and urged to the smaller clearance side by the spring. When a fitting shaft part 38 is fitted to a fitting hole 18, an engagement projected part 43 is fitted between the rollers 182 of the one-way clutch 180, the collet 154 is contracted and closely fitted to the fitting shaft part 38 and the fitting hole 18, the relative movement in the radial direction of the two members is prevented, collision, sliding, and permanent set-in and wear attributed thereto of each part of a tool holding device are eliminated, and durability is improved.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tool holding device for attaching a machining tool to a machine tool,
In particular, it includes a first member that is fixed to the machine tool side and a second member that holds the machining tool and that is attached to and detached from the first member, and these two members have a fitting shaft portion and a fitting hole. The present invention relates to prevention of relative movement in the radial direction of both members in a tool holding device that fits with each other.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A tool holding device of this type includes (a) a first member having a first fitting portion and fixed to a machine tool side;
(B) a second member provided with a second fitting portion that is fitted in the first fitting portion so as to be rotatable relative to the first fitting portion and relatively movable in the axial direction; and (c) the second member. (1) an axial movement limiting device for preventing relative movement of the first and second fitting portions in the fitted state of the first and second fitting portions over a limited distance in the axial direction; It is often configured to include a relative rotation limiting device that prevents relative rotation of the first and second fitting portions beyond a limited angle in the fitted state of the second fitting portion. Here, the “limited distance” may be 0 or may be a distance larger than 0. In case of 0, the first and second fitting parts do not move relative to each other in the axial direction, and
When the distance is larger, the first fitting portion and the second fitting portion are allowed to move relative to each other by a distance larger than 0 in the axial direction. Further, the “limited angle” may be 0 or may be an angle larger than 0. When it is 0, the first and second fitting portions do not rotate at all, and when the angle is greater than 0, the first fitting portion and the second fitting portion rotate relative to each other by an angle greater than 0. Is acceptable.

The tool holding device described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-46802 is an example of this type of tool holding device. This tool holding device is a device for attaching a machining tool to a spindle of a machine tool, and an adapter attached to the spindle, a tool holder that holds the machining tool and is attached to and detached from the adapter, and an outside of the tool holder. And a collar which is fitted and which transmits the rotation of the adapter to the tool holder. The adapter has a bottomed fitting hole and an annular groove near the opening of the fitting hole, so that the tip of the adapter has a radially inward flange facing inward. Are formed. The adapter also has four engaging notches that extend axially from the end surface of the open end of the fitting hole and are deeper than the thickness of the inward flange and reach the annular groove at equal angular intervals.

On the other hand, the tool holder is provided with a working tool holding portion and a fitting portion, and is provided on a peripheral portion of a radially outward flange portion provided between the fitting portion and the working tool holding portion. Has an engaging groove penetrating in the axial direction at each of two locations separated in the diametrical direction. Further, in the portion of the fitting portion near the flange portion, four radial protrusions extending outward in the radial direction are provided at equal angular intervals and at a position different in phase from the engaging groove by 45 degrees. Has been. The collar has a cylindrical shape, and of the two end faces that are separated in the axial direction, axial projections are provided at two positions that are separated in the diametrical direction on one end face. The collar is fitted in the tool holding portion and is urged by a spring in a direction in which the axial projection engages with the engaging groove.

When attaching the tool holder to the adapter,
With the radial projection and the engagement notch in phase with each other, the fitting portion is inserted into the fitting hole until the flange portion abuts on the tip surface of the adapter, and the radial projection is located in the annular groove. When rotated, the radial projection axially and non-disengageably engages the inwardly directed flange. That is,
Since the inward flange of the adapter is sandwiched between the flange part of the tool holder and the radial protrusion, the axial relative movement of the tool holder with respect to the adapter is limited to a limited minute distance. To be done. These constitute the axial movement limiting device.

When the tool holder is inserted into the fitting hole, the axial projection of the collar and the engaging notch of the adapter are out of phase with each other by 45 degrees, and the axial projection abuts the tip surface of the adapter. When the holding body is rotated to match the phases of the axial projection and the engagement notch, the collar is moved by the urging force of the spring and the axial projection is fitted into the engagement notch.
The axial projection is engaged across the tool holder and the adapter, and the rotation of the adapter is transmitted to the tool holder. A slight clearance is required in the rotational direction between the axial projection and the engagement groove and the engagement notch in order to engage them, and the relative rotation of the tool holder with respect to the adapter is engaged with the axial projection. It is limited to the sum of the angles corresponding to the clearance between the mating groove and the clearance between the axial projection and the engaging notch. The axial projection, the engagement groove, and the engagement notch constitute the relative rotation limiting device. Even if there is a slight clearance in the rotation direction, if the adapter is rotated during processing, the side surface of the engagement notch abuts the axial projection and
The axial protrusion abuts the side surface of the engagement groove, and the rotation of the adapter is transmitted to the tool holder. In this way, the tool holder is attached to the main shaft via the adapter so as to be relatively immovable and substantially non-rotatable, and machining is performed by the machining tool held by the tool holder as the main shaft rotates.

[0007]

However, recently,
It has been found that this tool holding device has a problem of poor durability. In order to fit the fitting portion of the tool holder into the fitting hole of the adapter, a slight clearance is required in the radial direction. Therefore, when the fitting shaft is fitted in the fitting hole, there is a slight radial clearance between the two and the fitting shaft and the fitting hole move relatively in the radial direction during processing. , The fitting shaft portion is inclined or relatively rotated with respect to the fitting hole, the constituent members of the axial movement limiting device and the constituent members of the relative rotation limiting device repeatedly collide and slide, (Plastic deformation) and wear occur, and the relative movement of the tool holder with respect to the adapter increases, causing a decrease in machining accuracy and a loss of the machining tool, which makes it unusable. This problem is not limited to tool holding devices for attaching rotary cutting tools and grinding tools to the spindle, but also for other tool holding devices such as tool holding devices for attaching cutting tools to the tailstock and tool rest of lathes. Occur in.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the relative movement in the radial direction of the first and second fitting portions of the first member and the second member which are fitted to each other is reduced or prevented, The object of the present invention is to provide a tool holding device having excellent durability. The second, third, fifth and sixth inventions according to claims 2, 3, 5 and 6 are The object of the present invention is to prevent the relative movement of the second fitting portion in the radial direction and improve the durability of the tool holding device. The fourth invention according to claim 4 is The object is to reduce the relative movement of the two fitting portions in the radial direction and improve the durability of the tool holding device.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems, Functions and Effects of the Invention
In the first aspect of the present invention, the above-mentioned problem is solved in the tool holding device including the (a) first member, (b) second member, (c) axial movement limiting device, and (d) relative rotation limiting device. One of the first fitting portion and the second fitting portion is used as a fitting shaft portion and the other is used as a fitting hole, and a fitting clearance between them is provided between the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole. A solution is provided by providing a radial relative movement reduction device for reducing the radial relative movement based on.

In this device, the fitting shaft portion is fitted into the fitting hole when the second member is attached to the first member. There is a clearance for fitting in the radial direction between the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole, but the radial relative movement based on the fitting clearance is reduced by the radial relative movement reducing device. . The radial relative movement reducing device may reduce the relative movement to zero, or may reduce it to a smaller size than without the radial relative movement reducing device. In any case, the relative movement of the first and second fitting portions in the radial direction is prevented or reduced, so that the collision and sliding of the respective components of the axial movement limiting device and the relative rotation limiting device are prevented. A tool holding device with reduced or eliminated durability is obtained.
As described in the section of the embodiment of the invention, the first fitting portion may be a fitting hole, the second fitting portion may be a fitting shaft portion,
Alternatively, the first fitting portion may be the fitting shaft portion and the second fitting portion may be the fitting hole.

In a second aspect of the present invention, the problem is that the radial relative movement reducing device is provided between the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole, and the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole are connected to each other. A one-way clutch that allows relative rotation in one direction but blocks relative rotation in the opposite direction is included, and three or more one-way clutches are formed in axial symmetry with respect to the axis of the fitting shaft portion. Wedge-shaped gaps that gradually decrease in the circumferential direction, rolling elements that are arranged in each of the gaps so as to be able to roll in the circumferential direction, and biasing that biases each of these rolling elements toward the smaller side of each gap. It is solved by including means.

The one-way clutch is provided with a concave portion for forming a wedge-shaped clearance in the fitting shaft portion so as to open outward in the radial direction, and the rolling element half accommodated in the concave portion is provided in the fitting hole. The recess may be engaged with the peripheral surface, and the recess is provided in the fitting hole so as to open inward in the radial direction toward the fitting shaft portion, and the rolling element half accommodated in the recess is the fitting shaft portion. May be engaged with the outer peripheral surface of the. In any case, the rolling element is biased by the biasing means, and is held in a state of being sandwiched between the inner surface of the recess and the outer peripheral surface of the fitting shaft portion or the inner peripheral surface of the fitting hole. The unidirectional rotation and the radial relative movement of the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole are prevented. It should be noted that the rolling elements may be rollers, balls or the like having various forms. In addition, the recess for housing the rolling element halfway may be directly provided in the fitting shaft portion or the fitting hole, or may be provided in the casing and the casing may be press-fitted into the fitting shaft portion or the fitting hole.

As described in the embodiment of the invention, the one-way clutch allows relative rotation in the direction based on the working resistance between the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole, but prevents relative rotation in the opposite direction. If the rotation of the first member is transmitted to the second member by the engagement notch and the engagement protrusion, the one-way clutch constitutes a radial relative movement reducing device. Together with the engagement notch and the engagement projection, a relative rotation complete blocking device, which is a type of relative rotation limiting device, is configured. Further, by providing two one-way clutches whose relative rotation preventing directions are opposite to each other, these one-way clutches constitute a radial relative movement reducing device and the relative engagement between the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole. A relative rotation complete blocking device that completely blocks rotation will be constructed. In this case, for example, in the rotary cutting tool in which the first member is attached to the spindle and the machining tool is rotated to perform machining,
When the rotation of the first member is transmitted to the second member by the one-way clutch and the machining resistance suddenly disappears,
The other one-way clutch prevents relative rotation between the first member and the second member.

As the one-way clutch, a plurality of one-way clutches having the same relative rotation blocking direction may be provided, or a plurality of one-way clutches having different relative rotation blocking directions may be provided. When a plurality of one-way clutches are provided, they may be provided at a distance in the axial direction, may be provided adjacent to each other, or some of the one-way clutches may be provided adjacent to each other and the rest may be provided in the axial direction. May be provided at a distance. If a plurality of one-way clutches are provided at a distance in the axial direction, the radial relative movement between the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole can be prevented in the entire axial direction, and they are provided adjacent to each other. For example, it is possible to more reliably prevent the relative movement of that portion in the radial direction. When one or a plurality of one-way clutches are provided only at one place, it is desirable to provide them at a position close to the machining tool holding part in a part where the fitting shaft part and the fitting hole are fitted to each other. One way clutch
When the fitting shaft is provided only at the position to prevent the fitting shaft from moving in the fitting hole in the radial direction, the fitting shaft and the fitting hole are
It is allowed to incline relatively around the point, and the inclination causes the machining tool holding part to move in the radial direction, but the amount of radial movement is one point where the one-way clutch is provided. This is because when the distance is closer to the part, it is smaller than when the distance is far.

In a third aspect of the present invention, the problem is that the radial relative movement reducing device includes a rolling bearing provided between the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole, and the rolling bearing includes: The fitting shaft part is interposed between the fitting shaft part and the fitting hole at three or more positions that are axially symmetric with respect to the axis of the fitting shaft part with clearances of 0 or less, and rolls in the axial direction to roll the fitting shaft part. This is solved by including a rolling element that allows relative movement of the fitting hole and the fitting hole in the axial direction.

When the fitting shaft portion is fitted in the fitting hole, the rolling element rolls to allow the fitting shaft portion to fit in the fitting hole. The rolling element is interposed between the fitting hole and the fitting shaft portion with a clearance of 0 or less, and prevents the fitting hole and the fitting shaft portion from moving in the radial direction. One rolling bearing may be provided, or a plurality of rolling bearings may be provided. When a plurality of rolling bearings are provided, the positions of the rolling bearings can be set in the same manner as when the plurality of one-way clutches are provided.

In a fourth aspect of the present invention, the above-mentioned problem is that the radial relative movement reducing device has a first taper peripheral surface formed on either one of the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole, and An engagement member having a second tapered peripheral surface corresponding to one tapered peripheral surface and fitted in the other of the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole so as to be relatively movable in the axial direction, and the fitting member The problem is solved by including a biasing means for biasing the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole in a direction in which they approach the first tapered peripheral surface when they are fitted to each other.

When the fitting shaft portion is fitted in the fitting hole, the first taper peripheral surface and the second taper peripheral surface are brought into close contact with each other by the urging force of the urging means, and the two taper peripheral surfaces are provided. There is virtually no clearance. The other of the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole and the engaging member need to be able to move relative to each other in the axial direction, but they are not necessarily fitted and removed each time the second member is attached and detached. , The fitting clearance between them can be made smaller than the fitting clearance between the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole, and the relative movement amount in the radial direction between the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole can be reduced accordingly. You can It is possible to reduce the fitting clearance and reduce the relative movement in the radial direction by accurately processing the surfaces of the fitting shaft and the fitting hole that are fitted together. Difficult to fit in the fitting hole.
Especially when the second member holding the working tool is frequently attached to and detached from the first member, it is not desirable that the attaching and detaching operation is not easy. On the other hand, since the engaging member is usually not removed once it is assembled to the fitting shaft portion or the fitting hole, even if it is fitted into the fitting shaft portion or the fitting hole with high accuracy,
The problem of difficulty in attachment and detachment does not occur, and the fitting between the tapered surfaces is guided by the inclination, so that the fitting shaft portion or the fitting hole and the engaging member are easily fitted together. Therefore, it is possible to obtain the tool holding device in which the relative movement of the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole in the radial direction is small and the first and second members can be easily attached and detached.

The rolling bearing may be disposed between the other of the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole and the engaging member to substantially eliminate the fitting clearance. . In this case, it is possible to prevent the rolling bearing or the surface fitted to the rolling bearing from being exposed to the outside when the second member is removed as in the fourth aspect of the invention, and thus it is easy to prevent foreign matter from entering the rolling bearing. . If a dust seal is provided between the other of the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole and the engaging member, it is possible to more reliably prevent foreign matter from entering.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the object of the radial direction movement reducing device according to the second to fourth aspects of the invention, further comprising a collet held in one of the fitting hole and the fitting shaft portion. And a taper surface corresponding to the taper surface of the collet provided on the other side. The collet may be held by the fitting shaft portion and the tapered surface corresponding to the tapered surface of the collet may be provided in the fitting hole, or vice versa. Further, the collet may have an inner peripheral surface having a taper surface or an outer peripheral surface having a taper surface. Furthermore, the collet and the tapered surface may be provided one by one or between the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole. The arrangement positions of the plurality of collets and the tapered surfaces can be set in the same manner as the case of providing the plurality of one-way clutches.

In this tool holding device, when the fitting shaft portion is fitted into the fitting hole, first, the collet taper surface and
The fitting shaft portion and the tapered surface provided on the other side of the fitting hole come into contact with each other, but if the fitting shaft portion is further fitted into the fitting hole from that state, the collet is elastically deformed and fitted. The state is in close contact with both the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole, and the relative movement of the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole in the radial direction is prevented.

In the sixth aspect of the invention, the above-mentioned problems can be solved by using the axial movement limiting device and the radial relative movement reducing device in the tool holding device according to the fifth aspect of the invention. The axial movement limiting device includes a first axial contact surface provided on the first member, a second axial contact surface provided on the second member, and first axial contact surfaces thereof. A contact state maintaining device for maintaining the second axial contact surface in the contact state is provided, and the radial relative movement reducing device is provided in the contact state of the first and second axial contact surfaces. This is solved by including the biasing means for biasing the collet toward the side having a smaller gap between the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole.

When the fitting shaft portion is fitted into the fitting hole and the tapered surface of the collet is in contact with the tapered surface provided on the other of the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole, the fitting is further performed. The collet is elastically deformed while being moved against the urging force of the urging means, and is brought into close contact with the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole. In the state where the first and second axial contact surfaces are kept in contact with each other, the collet is biased by the biasing means and kept in close contact with both the fitting hole and the fitting shaft portion. Even if the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the collet and the surfaces of the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole, which are in close contact with the collet, are not formed with high accuracy, if the biasing means is provided, the collet will be It is possible to obtain at low cost a tool holding device which is guaranteed to come into close contact with the fitting hole and which can prevent relative movement of the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole in the radial direction by using the collet. The fitting of the fitting shaft portion into the fitting hole is defined by the contact between the first and second axial contact surfaces. Therefore, if there is no biasing means,
When the first and second axial contact surfaces come into contact with each other and the fitting of the fitting shaft into the fitting hole is stopped, the collet is in close contact with both the fitting shaft and the fitting hole. Collet,
Whereas the fitting shaft and fitting hole must be formed,
If the urging means is provided, when the first and second axial contact surfaces are brought into contact with each other, the urging means urges the collet to be in close contact with both the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole. Since it is located at the position, it is not necessary to improve the processing accuracy.

[0024]

Supplementary Explanation of the Invention The present invention can be implemented in the following aspects in addition to the aspects of claims 1 to 6 above. The embodiments are conveniently described as an embodiment of the same type as the claims. (1) The tool holding device according to claim 1, wherein the radial relative movement reduction device includes a radial relative movement prevention device that eliminates radial relative movement between the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole. Claim 2
The one-way clutch, the rolling bearing of claim 3 and the like are examples of the radial relative movement preventing device. (2) The tool holding device according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the collet and the tapered surface are respectively provided at two locations separated in the axial direction. When this embodiment is an embodiment of the invention of claim 6, the invention of claim 6 is applied to at least one of the two collets, and one of the collets is
It suffices that the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole are urged in the axial direction by the urging means in the fitted state to be brought into close contact with both the tapered surface and the peripheral surface facing the tapered surface. (3) The one-way clutch allows relative rotation in a direction based on machining resistance of the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole with respect to the machining tool held by the machining tool holding portion, but allows the relative rotation in the opposite direction. The tool holding device according to claim 2, wherein the tool holding device prevents rotation. In this device, the one-way clutch prevents relative movement in the radial direction between the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole, and
When the processing resistance suddenly disappears, the fitting shaft portion is prevented from rotating relative to the fitting hole. Therefore, for example, when the rotation torque that resists the machining resistance is transmitted by the engagement of the engagement protrusion provided on one of the first member and the second member and the engagement notch provided on the other, the machining resistance It is possible to prevent the engagement protrusion and the engagement notch from repeatedly colliding and sagging due to the sudden disappearance and the re-action. (4) The tool holding device according to claim 2, wherein the radial relative movement reducing device includes two one-way clutches having mutually opposite relative rotation blocking directions. (5) The rolling bearing includes a cylindrical casing, and the casing has a track shape, and three or more ball holding holes partially appearing on one of an inner peripheral surface and an outer peripheral surface of the casing. A plurality of balls are formed as the rolling elements so as to be able to circulate in each of the ball holding holes, and the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole are formed on the surface of the casing where the ball holding holes are not exposed. The tool holding device according to claim 3, wherein the tool holding device is fitted to one side and is brought into contact with the other side by the ball. When the fitting shaft portion is fitted in the fitting hole, the balls circulate while rolling in the ball holding hole to allow the fitting shaft portion to be fitted in the fitting hole. Since the casing does not move in the axial direction when the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole are fitted, the rolling bearing can be provided at any position in the fitting shaft portion or the fitting hole in the axial direction. (6) The radial relative movement reducing device is provided in the fitting shaft portion, and a tapered outer peripheral surface having a diameter gradually decreasing toward the inner side of the fitting hole in a state of being fitted into the fitting hole, and the fitting. The tool holding device according to any one of claims 2 to 6 and embodiments 1 to 5, which is provided in a dowel and includes a tapered inner peripheral surface corresponding to the tapered outer peripheral surface. When the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole are fitted to each other with tapered surfaces, the radial clearance can be made smaller than when the fitting surfaces are fitted to each other with straight surfaces. This is because if the surface is tapered, the fitting is guided by the inclination, so that a clearance for facilitating the fitting is unnecessary. This taper fit is a one-way clutch, collet,
This is done with the installation of a device that prevents the radial movement of the fitting shaft and the fitting hole, such as a rolling bearing, and the relative movement of the fitting shaft and the fitting hole in the entire fitting direction. Reduce. Since the fitting portion between the tapered surfaces can withstand a large load as compared with a one-way clutch, a rolling bearing, or the like, it is effective to provide the fitting portion in place of the one-way clutch or the rolling bearing, especially at a position where the load is large. Further, it is also possible to provide the fitting portion of the tapered surfaces adjacent to the one-way clutch, the rolling bearing or the like. In this case, even if an abnormality occurs in the one-way clutch or the rolling bearing and the function of preventing the relative movement of the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole in the radial direction is not fulfilled, the relative movement is caused by the fitting portion between the tapered surfaces. It is limited, and the durability of the tool holding device is less deteriorated. (7) The radial relative movement reduction device is provided in a portion of the fitting shaft portion that is fitted into the fitting hole first, and has a larger fitting clearance with the fitting hole than other portions. The tool holding device according to any one of claims 2 to 6 and embodiments 1 to 6, which includes a joint guide portion. In this device, the fitting guide portion of the fitting shaft portion is first fitted into the fitting hole. The fitting guide part has a larger fitting clearance than the part of the fitting shaft part that is fitted into the fitting hole after the fitting guide part.
Easy to fit. Also, the fitting clearance is set to a size that allows the fitting shaft portion to be substantially concentric with the fitting hole when the fitting guide portion is fitted in the fitting hole. The rest of the fitting shaft can be fitted.
Therefore, the fitting shaft portion can be fitted into the fitting hole even if the fitting hole and the portion other than the fitting guide portion of the fitting shaft portion are formed so that the fitting clearance is small. Relative movement in directions can be reduced. This fitting guide portion is also provided together with the installation of a device such as the one-way clutch, collet, rolling bearing, etc. that prevents relative movement of the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole in the radial direction. The relative movement in the radial direction of the entire fitting portion with and is reduced. If the fitting guide is provided, for example, even if an abnormality occurs in the one-way clutch, collet, or rolling bearing, and the function of preventing relative movement between the fitting shaft and the fitting hole in the radial direction is no longer fulfilled, the fitting shaft is prevented. The relative movement of the portion and the fitting hole in the radial direction is reduced, and the durability of the tool holding device is less likely to decrease. (8) The axial movement limiting device, a first axial contact surface provided on the first member, a second axial contact surface provided on the second member, and the first axial direction An axial movement prevention device including an abutment state maintaining device that maintains an abutment surface and a second axial direction abutment surface in an abutting state. Tool holding device described. If the first member and the second member are kept in contact with each other in the axial direction, the relative movement between the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole is constrained in both the axial direction and the radial direction, and The relative movement can be reduced more reliably, and the relative movement does not occur in the axial direction either, so that the wear and fatigue of the constituent members of the axial movement limiting device and the relative rotation limiting device due to the relative movement can be prevented more reliably. be able to. When the first and second members are provided with axial contact surfaces, respectively, the collet, the one-way clutch, and the rolling bearing equal radial relative movement reducing device may be provided at a position apart from the axial contact surface in the axial direction. The radial relative movement reducing device helps prevent the first and second members from tilting and separating the respective axial contact surfaces, and more reliably prevents the axial contact surfaces from separating. Can be stopped. (9) The relative rotation limiting device is a relative rotation preventing device that makes relative rotation between the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole impossible. Tool holding device according to item 1. If the relative rotation between the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole is prevented, the collision and sliding due to the relative rotation of the respective parts of the tool holding device are reduced, as described in the embodiment of the invention. It is possible to obtain a tool holding device with higher durability because the occurrence of wear and abrasion is satisfactorily avoided.

[0025]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments common to the first, second, fifth and sixth inventions will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1, 10 is a sleeve which is a first member. The sleeve 10 includes a flange portion 12 that faces outward in the radial direction. In addition, the sleeve 10 has a bottomed fitting hole 18 that is a first fitting portion that extends from the front end portion (the left end portion in FIG. 1) toward the base end portion (the right end portion in FIG. 1) and opens in the end face 16. Are formed.

On the other hand, on the end face 22 side of the flange portion 12,
A mounting portion 24 is formed. The mounting portion 24 has a taper outer peripheral surface 26 having a smaller diameter as the distance from the flange portion 12 increases.
have. An axial hole 30 is formed in the end surface 28 of the mounting portion 24. A portion of the axial hole 30 on the end surface 28 side is formed as a female screw portion 32 so that a male screw portion of a pull stud (not shown) can be screwed. Further, the flange portion 12 is formed with a notch 34 so that the flange portion 12 can be engaged with an engaging projection portion on the machine tool side.

Although illustration is omitted, the spindle hole of the machine tool has a tapered inner peripheral surface corresponding to the tapered outer peripheral surface 26 of the mounting portion 24, and the mounting portion 24 of the sleeve 10 has a notch and the notch. When the pull stud is gripped by the gripping member in the spindle hole and pulled into the spindle hole, the engaging projection engages with the notch 34 of the flange portion 12. The taper outer peripheral surface 2 of the mounting portion 24
6 and the taper inner peripheral surface of the spindle hole are tightly fitted to each other, so that the sleeve 10 is attached to the spindle of the machine tool so as to be relatively immovable and non-rotatable in the axial direction.

A drill holder 36 as a tool holder serving as a second member is detachably fitted into the fitting hole 18 of the sleeve 10. The drill holder 36 includes a fitting shaft portion 38 that is a second fitting portion, and a tool holding portion that holds a drill 40 (shown by a chain double-dashed line in FIG. 1) that is a processing tool at a tip portion (left end portion in FIG. 1) thereof. And 42. The fitting shaft portion 38 has a stepped shape, and is fitted into the fitting hole 18 of the sleeve 10 from the small-diameter shaft portion 43 provided on the rear end side (the right end side in FIG. 1). In addition, the small-diameter shaft portion 4 of the fitting shaft portion 38
The portion adjacent to 3 that is first fitted into the fitting hole 18 has a fitting clearance with the fitting hole 18 that is larger than the other portions of the fitting shaft portion 38 and is 0.1 mm. It is a fitting guide portion 41.

The holder body 44 of the drill holder 36 has a generally cylindrical shape, and has a tool insertion hole 46 extending in the axial direction.
have. A female screw hole 48 is formed in the center of the tool insertion hole 46 in the axial direction, and an adjusting member 50 as a screw member is screwed into the inside. In the female screw hole 48,
A driver 52, which is a tool driving member, is fitted so as to be movable in the axial direction, and is engaged with the adjusting member 50 so as to be relatively immovable and relatively rotatable in the axial direction.

The driver 52 has a tool engaging groove 56 on the tip surface on the side opposite to the side engaged with the adjusting member 50, and engages with the tongue of the drill 40 so as not to be rotatable relative thereto and in the axial direction. They are designed to abut each other. A pair of axial grooves having a substantially semicircular cross section are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the driver 52, and a pair of pins 62, which are cylindrical members, are fitted in the axial grooves. In a state where each pin 62 is fitted in the driver 52, almost half of the pin 62 is projected outward in the radial direction from the outer peripheral surface of the driver 52. On the other hand, a pair of guide grooves 64 extending in the axial direction and having a substantially semicircular cross-sectional shape are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the female screw hole 48, and the protrusions of the pins 62 are engaged with the guide grooves 64, respectively. By being combined, the driver 52 is guided in the axial direction. Further, the pair of pins 62 function as rotation preventing protrusions that prevent the driver 52 from rotating in the female screw hole 48.

Therefore, the rotating torque applied to the holder body 44 is transmitted to the drill 40 via the pin 62 and the driver 52. The axial position of the drill 40 is adjusted by changing the position of the adjusting member 50. By changing the position of the driver 52 by moving the adjusting member 50, the protruding length of the drill 40 from the holder main body 44 can be changed.

A front end portion of the tool insertion hole 46 in the axial direction is a tapered hole 70, and a collet 72 is fitted therein.
The collet 72 is a generally cylindrical member having a plurality of axial slits alternately formed from both end surfaces and having a length that does not reach the opposite end surface. It is possible to reduce the diameter. The diameter of the taper hole 70 is increased toward the tip end side, and the collet 72 is fitted into the taper hole 70 at the taper outer peripheral surface 74 formed corresponding to the inner peripheral surface of the taper hole 70, while being axially arranged. The inner peripheral surface 76 formed in parallel is in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shank portion of the drill 40 to grip it, and receives the axial force received by the drill 40 during cutting.
An annular groove 80 having a rectangular cross section is further formed on the outer peripheral surface of the collet 72 adjacent to the portion where the tapered outer peripheral surface 74 is formed, and the tapered outer peripheral surface 74 is sandwiched by the annular groove 80.
On the outer peripheral surface on the side opposite to the portion where the is formed, a tapered surface 82 having a smaller diameter on the tip side is formed.

The tip of the collet 72 is covered with a collet cap 84. An annular projection 86 that can be fitted into the annular groove 80 and a tapered surface 88 that corresponds to the tapered surface 82 of the collet 72 are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the collet cap 84. The annular projection 86 of the cap 84 is aligned with the annular groove 8 of the collet 72.
If the collet 72 is returned to the natural state after the collet 72 is fitted into the collet 0, the collet cap 84 is covered on the collet 72 in a state of being immovable in the axial direction. In this state, the tapered surface 8
8 is in close contact with the taper surface 82, and the collet cap 84 is attached to the collet 72 so as not to be relatively movable and relatively rotatable.

A gap is provided between the collet cap 84 and the tip end surface 92 of the tool holding portion 42 of the holder main body 44 so that the collet cap 84 and the collet 72 can move in the axial direction. Further, between the collet cap 84 and the tip surface 92 of the holder main body 44, a gap having a size that allows the collet cap 84 and the collet 72 to move in the axial direction is provided.

A male screw portion 98 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the holder body 44, and a clamp nut 100 is screwed onto the male screw portion 98 coaxially with the holder body 44. The clamp nut 100 is fitted into the collet cap 84 at a portion protruding from the holder body 44, and the clamp nut 100 and the collet cap 84 are rotatable relative to each other by a large number of balls 102 interposed therebetween. It is said to be axially immovable. An annular groove having a semicircular cross section is formed in each portion of the inner peripheral surface of the clamp nut 100 and the outer peripheral surface of the collet cap 84, which correspond to each other, and an annular space having a circular cross section formed by these annular grooves, After a large number of balls 102 are supplied from radial holes (not shown) formed in the clamp nut 100, the through holes are closed by the plugs.

Therefore, when the clamp nut 100 is rotated in the direction in which it is tightened in the male screw portion 98, the collet cap 84 is moved toward the holder main body 44, and the collet cap 88 causes the tapered surface 88 to collet the collet cap 84. The tapered surface 82 of 72 is pushed, the collet 72 is pushed into the tapered hole 70, and the diameter is elastically reduced. As a result, the shank portion of the drill 40 is gripped by the inner circumferential surface 76 of the collet 72, and in the gripped state, the relative rotation of the collet 72 with respect to the holder body 44 is prevented by the frictional force.

Reference numeral 104 denotes a tool engaging groove for engaging a tightening tool that rotates the clamp nut 100, and a plurality of tool engaging grooves 104 are provided at equal angular intervals on the outer peripheral surface of the clamp nut 100 (in the present tool holding device, Six are provided, and only one is shown in FIG. 1).
Further, the slit grooves formed from both end surfaces of the collet 72 are finished in the tapered holes 70, respectively, and therefore the collet 72 can maintain liquid tightness between the holder body 44 and the drill 40. ing.

As shown in FIG. 1, a flange portion 110 extending outward in the radial direction is formed at a portion of the holder main body 44 which is a protruding end portion from the sleeve 10. The rear end surface of the flange portion 110, that is, the end surface 1 on the side of the fitting shaft portion 38.
As shown in FIG. 3, engaging projections 114 are respectively provided at two diametrically separated locations 12 (only one is shown in FIG. 3). The flange 110 also has
Two notches 116 that are disengaged from the engaging projections 114 and are separated in the diametrical direction are provided so as to penetrate in the axial direction (only one is shown in FIG. 3).

As shown in FIG. 1, a cylindrical collar 120 is fitted to the portion of the holder main body 44 which is the protruding end portion from the sleeve 10 so as to be relatively movable and relatively rotatable in the axial direction. One end of the collar 120 is a fitting part 122 fitted to the holder body 44, and the other end is a ring part 124 having an inner diameter larger than the diameter of the flange part 110. As shown in FIG. 4, on the inner peripheral surface of the end portion of the annular portion 124 on the side opposite to the fitting portion 122, engaging projections extending inward in the radial direction are respectively formed at two locations diametrically separated from each other. 126 is formed. The collar 120 is the fitting portion 1
22 is fitted between the portion of the holder main body 44 where the clamp nut 100 is fitted and the flange portion 110, and the annular portion 124 is covered by the flange portion 110, and is an elastic member that is a kind of axial biasing means. A compression coil spring 128 as a member biases the engagement projection 126 in a direction away from the end surface 112 of the flange 110. The compression coil spring 128 has a holder body 44.
Spring retainer 129 attached to the base plate and a bottomed hole 130 that opens at the end surface of the fitting portion 120 of the collar 120.
(See FIG. 2) and is partially housed in the collar 120.

As a sphere, which is a kind of cam follower, at two positions separated in the diametrical direction of the fitting portion 122 of the collar 120 and at the positions where the phases in the rotational direction match the two engaging projections 126, respectively. Steel balls 132 of are fitted. As shown in FIG. 2, the fitting portion 122 is formed with two through holes 134 penetrating in the radial direction, the steel ball 132 is movably fitted therein, and the steel ball 132 is movably fitted by the pin 136. Has been prevented. A part of the outer peripheral portion of each of these steel balls 132 is projected from the inner peripheral surface of the collar 120, and is fitted into a cam groove 138 that is a cam portion formed on the outer peripheral surface of the holder body 44.

As shown in FIG. 3, the cam groove 138 includes an axial groove portion 140 extending parallel to the axial direction of the collar 120,
An inclined groove portion that extends in the circumferential direction from an end portion of the axial groove portion 140 farther from the flange portion 110, and is inclined toward the circumferential direction as the extended end extends away from the flange portion 110. 142. The axial groove portion 140 extends from the inclined groove portion 142 in a direction forming an obtuse angle. This inclination angle is 3 degrees in the present embodiment. The cam groove 138 is
The engaging projection 1 has two axial grooves 140 in the rotational direction.
It is formed at a position corresponding to one of the fourteen. When the drill holder 36 is removed from the sleeve 10, the collar 120 is biased by the compression coil spring 128, and the steel ball 132 moves the inclined groove portion 1 of the axial groove portion 140.
42 is brought into contact with the end surface on the side opposite to the side from which it is extended, and the engagement portion 126 is located at a non-acting position apart from the end surface 112.

An annular gap 144 having an annular portion 124 as a peripheral wall is formed between the fitting portion 122 of the collar 120 and the flange portion 110 of the holder body 44.
4 is provided with a tension coil spring 146 as an elastic member which is a kind of rotation urging means. The tension coil spring 146 is wound around the holder main body 44, one end of which is locked by the pin 148 fitted to the holder main body 44, and the other end of which is locked by the inner peripheral surface of the collar 120.
The collar 120 is urged by the tension coil spring 146 in a direction in which the steel ball 132 moves in the inclined groove portion 142 in a direction away from the axial groove portion 140.

When the drill holder 36 is removed from the sleeve 10, the collar 120 is moved in the axial direction by the urging force of the compression coil spring 128, and the steel ball 132 extends out of the inclined groove portion 142 of the axial groove portion 140. It is brought into contact with the end surface on the side opposite to the driven side. The collar 120 is also slightly moved in the rotational direction by the urging force of the tension coil spring 146, and the steel ball 132 is engaged with the groove side surface of the axial groove portion 140 extending in the axial direction, and is prevented from rotating, thereby engaging the engaging portion. 126 is kept in a position away from the end surface 112.

When the collar 120 is attached to the holder body 44, first, one end of the tension coil spring 146 is locked to the inner peripheral surface of the collar 120. Then, the fitting portion 122 is fitted to the holder main body 44, and the other end portion of the tension coil spring 146 is pulled out from the inside of the annular portion 124 and locked to the pin 148. At this time, the tension coil spring 146 is in a state of being slightly extended from the free length. Then, while the collar 120 is further fitted to the holder main body 44, the tension coil spring 146 is rotated in the extending direction to rotate the engaging projection 126 and the flange 110.
The engagement protrusion 126 is passed through the notch 116 and the engagement protrusion 126 is moved to a position axially protruding from the engagement protrusion 114. After passing, the collar 120 is rotated while further extending the tension coil spring 146, and the phases of the engagement protrusion 126 and the engagement protrusion 114 of the flange 110 are matched. At this position, a through hole 134 into which the steel ball 132 is fitted,
The phase of the cam groove 138 in the direction of rotation coincides with the portion of the axial groove portion 140 of the axial groove portion 140 opposite to the side on which the inclined groove portion 142 is extended, and the steel ball 132 is inserted from the through hole 134 into the axial groove portion 140. When fitted, the collar 120 is biased by the tension coil spring 146 and slightly moved in the circumferential direction, the steel ball 132 is engaged with the groove side surface of the axial groove portion 140, and the collar 120 is engaged with the engaging protrusion 126. And 114 are kept fitted in a position where the phases of them coincide with each other. It should be noted that the engagement protrusion 114 and the engagement notch 116 are the engagement protrusion 126 and the engagement notch when the collar 120 is rotated and the drill holder 36 is attached to the sleeve 10 in the rotation direction as described later. It is formed at intervals not reaching 116. After fitting the collar 120, compression coil spring 1
Attach 28 and energize collar 120.

As shown in FIG. 2, a collet 154 is fitted in a portion of the fitting shaft portion 38 adjacent to the flange portion 110, and a disc spring 156 as an elastic member, which is a kind of biasing means, is used. It is biased in a direction away from the flange portion 110. The collet 154 has a generally cylindrical shape, and the outer peripheral surface is a tapered outer peripheral surface 158 and the inner peripheral surface is a straight inner peripheral surface 160 parallel to the axial direction. A shallow annular groove 162 is formed in the fitting shaft portion 38, and the collet 154 is expanded in diameter and the fitting shaft portion 3 is formed.
8 is fitted from the rear part of the circular groove 162 and is fitted in the circular groove 162. When the drill holder 36 is detached from the sleeve 10, it is moved by the urging force of the disc spring 156 and the flange of the circular groove 162. It is brought into contact with the rear groove side surface 164 that is far from the portion 110.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, an annular fitting groove 170, which opens to the outer peripheral surface, is formed at the tip of the sleeve 10, so that the tip of the sleeve 10 has a circular shape. An annular outward flange 172 is provided. Engagement notches 174 are formed at two positions diametrically spaced apart from each other in a portion of the sleeve 10 including the outward flange 172. The engagement notch 174 is opened to the end surface 16 of the sleeve 10 and the outer peripheral surface of the outward flange 172, but does not reach the fitting hole 18,
A groove side surface that forms the outward flange 172 of the fitting groove 170 and reaches the inside of the fitting groove 170 beyond an engaging surface 175 that faces away from the end surface 16, but the other groove side surface of the fitting groove 170. And the stopper surface 17 on the side opposite to the engagement surface 175
It has a length of less than 6. Further, a tapered inner peripheral surface 178 corresponding to the tapered outer peripheral surface 158 of the collet 154 is formed at the tip of the fitting hole 18.

A one-way clutch 180 is attached to the bottom of the fitting hole 18 of the sleeve 10 as shown in FIG. The one-way clutch 180 includes a casing and a plurality of rollers 1 which are a kind of rolling elements housed in the casing.
82 and. The casing has a cylindrical shape and has a fitting hole 1
8 is press-fitted into the casing 8, and a plurality of concave portions that open to the inner peripheral surface of the casing are formed at equal angular intervals. Each of these recesses has a cam surface inclined so that the distance from the center of the casing becomes shorter from one end to the other end in the circumferential direction, whereby a wedge-shaped gap is formed. Part of each of the plurality of rollers 182 held by the retainer is housed in the gap. The retainer is fixed to the casing, and each of the rollers 182 is movably held by the retainer in the relative rotation direction of the fitting shaft portion 38 and the fitting hole 18, and a part of the roller 182 is housed in the recess. Each is urged toward the side of the wedge-shaped small gap by a spring as an elastic member which is a kind of urging means. The one-way clutch 180 allows relative rotation in a direction based on the cutting resistance of the drill holder 36 with respect to the sleeve 10, but prevents relative rotation in the opposite direction.

The attachment of the drill holder 36 of the tool holding device constructed as described above to the sleeve 10 will be described.
The drill 40 is held in the drill holder 36 prior to attachment to the sleeve 10. First, the shank of the drill 40 is inserted into the tool insertion hole 46, and the tongue is engaged with the tool engagement groove 56 of the driver 52. Then, the tool is engaged with the hexagonal hole of the adjusting member 50 and rotated, and the driver 52 is axially moved by an arbitrary amount to adjust the depth of the drill 40 into the tool insertion hole 46. When the appropriate insertion depth of the drill 40 is determined, the tool is engaged with the tool engagement groove 104 of the clamp nut 100 and rotated, and the collet 72 is tightened via the collet cap 84, so that the collet 72 is tapered. The diameter of the drill 40 is reduced while being pushed in, and the drill 40 is clamped and held by the collet 72.

Then, the drill holder 36 is attached to the sleeve 10.
Attach to The sleeve 10 is for a machining apparatus with an automatic tool changer, is removed from the spindle except during machining, and is accommodated while being supported by a supporting member in an accommodation device (not shown).
Is attached to the sleeve 10 housed in the housing device. When the drill holder 36 is attached to the sleeve 10, the engaging protrusion 126 and the flange 110 of the collar 120 are attached.
The engaging projection 114 has the same phase in the rotation direction,
The fitting shaft portion 38 is inserted into the fitting hole 18 in a state where these and the engagement notch 174 of the sleeve 10 are in phase with each other. At this time, the fitting guide part 41 guides the fitting of the fitting shaft part 38 into the fitting hole 18. The fitting clearance of the fitting guide portion 41 with respect to the fitting hole 18 is determined by the fitting guide portion 41 of the fitting shaft portion 38.
Since it is slightly larger than the portion on the tool holding portion 42 side, the fitting into the fitting hole 18 is easy. Further, although the fitting clearance of the fitting guide portion 41 is smaller than that of the fitting shaft portion 38 on the tool holding portion 42 side, it is small, so that the fitting guide portion 41 fits into the fitting hole 18. When fitted together, the posture of the fitting shaft portion 38 is determined to be substantially concentric with the fitting hole 18, and the fitting shaft portion 38 can be fitted smoothly. By thus providing the fitting guide portion 41 and guiding the fitting of the fitting shaft portion 38, the portion of the fitting shaft portion 38 closer to the tool holding portion 42 than the fitting guide portion 41 is processed with high precision, The fitting clearance can be made extremely small and the fitting hole 18 can be fitted smoothly, and the radial clearance between the fitting shaft portion 38 and the fitting hole 18 can be made small, so that the fitting shaft portion 38
It is possible to reduce the relative radial movement between the fitting hole 18 and the fitting hole 18.

When the fitting shaft portion 38 is inserted into the fitting hole 18, first, the engaging protrusion 126 enters the engaging notch 174, and as shown in FIG. The entire engaging protrusion 126 comes into contact with the stopper surface 176 so that the fitting groove 170
The engaging protrusion 1 of the flange portion 110 while being located inside
A part of 14 fits into the engagement notch 174.

From this state, the fitting shaft portion 38 is further attached to the fitting hole 1
8, when the collar 120 is inserted into the compression coil spring 12, the engagement protrusion 126 contacts the stopper surface 176 of the fitting groove 170 and cannot move.
8 is moved toward the sleeve 10 side with respect to the collar 120, and the engagement protrusion 114 is further advanced into the engagement notch 174. Also, the drill holder 36 and the collar 1
The relative movement of the steel balls 132 causes the steel balls 132 to move in the axial groove portions 14
The inside of 0 moves to the inclined groove portion 142 side.

When the end surface 112 of the flange portion 110 abuts on the end surface 16 of the sleeve 10 or immediately before the abutment, the steel ball 132 moves from the axial groove portion 140 to the inclined groove portion 142.
The collar 120 is rotated by the biasing force of the tension coil spring 146, so that the steel ball 132 moves in the inclined groove portion 142 in the axial groove portion 1.
It is moved away from 40.

Since the inclined groove portion 142 is inclined so that the extending end portion from the axial groove portion 140 is separated from the flange portion 110, the collar 120 is pulled by the tension coil spring 146 and the compression coil spring 128 is attached. The engagement projection 126 is moved in the direction of approaching the flange 110 against the force, and as shown in FIG.
The engaging protrusion 126 engages with the engaging surface 175 of the outward flange 172 of the sleeve 10 to press the end surface 16 against the end surface 112 of the flange portion 110 as shown in FIG. The force with which the tension coil spring 146 pulls the collar 120 is boosted by the inclination of the inclined groove portion 142, so that the end surface 16 becomes the end surface 112.
It is pressed firmly against the sleeve and the drill holder 36
It is attached to 0 without any gap in the axial direction. By the rotation of the collar 120, the engagement protrusion 126 is moved to a position having a rotational phase different from that of the engagement protrusion 114 of the flange 110, and engages with the outward flange 172, so that the end face 16 is brought into contact with the end face 16. It can be pressed against 112. This color 120
The position where the engaging protrusion 126 of the above engages the engaging surface 175 and presses the end surface 16 against the end surface 112 is the operating position. In the present embodiment, the steel ball 132 and the cam groove 138 constitute a conversion device that converts the urging force of the tension coil spring 146 into the axial force by which the engaging projection 126 presses the end face 16 against the end face 112, and the collar 120, Along with the tension coil spring 146 and the engaging surface 175, an abutting state maintaining device for keeping the drill holder 36 and the sleeve 10 in an axially abutting state is constituted, and the end surface 16 and the second axial contact surface are Together with the end surface 112 that is the axial contact surface, an axial movement blocking device that is a type of axial movement limiting device is configured.

In this tool holding device, the rotation of the sleeve 10 is transmitted to the drill holder 36 by the engagement of the engagement notch 174 and the engagement protrusion 114. In addition, the fitting shaft portion 38
Is fitted into the fitting hole 18, the small-diameter shaft portion 43 is fitted into the plurality of rollers 182 of the one-way clutch 180, and rotation in a direction opposite to the direction based on the cutting resistance of the drill holder 36 with respect to the sleeve 10 is performed. It is blocked by the one-way clutch 180. Therefore, the engagement protrusion 114 and the engagement notch 174 are formed.
There is a clearance for engagement in the rotation direction, but once the torque transmission surface of the engagement notch 174 and the engagement projection 114 are engaged, they are kept in the engaged state. Be drunk The engagement notch 174 and the engagement protrusion 114 are configured such that the drill holder 36 and the sleeve 10 are relatively rotated in advance prior to the start of processing so that the torque transmission surface of the engagement notch 174 is engaged with the engagement protrusion 114. It is desirable to set it. This is because when the sleeve 10 is rotated at the start of processing, it is possible to prevent the engagement notch 174 from colliding with the engagement protrusion 114 by the rotation of the sleeve 10 with respect to the drill holder 36 by the clearance. Particularly, in the tool holding device of the present embodiment, the sleeve 10 and the drill holder 36 are relatively rotated before the collar 120 is rotated and moved to maintain the end faces 112 and 16 in contact with each other, and It is desirable that the torque transmission surface of the combined cutout 174 be in contact with the engagement protrusion 114. With the engagement protrusion 126 engaging the outward flange 172 and pressing the end face 16 against the end face 112, it is easy to relatively rotate the drill holder 36 and the sleeve 10 against the frictional force between the two faces. Because not. Therefore, before inserting the fitting shaft portion 38 into the fitting hole 18 from the state where the engaging protrusion 126 of the collar 120 is in contact with the stopper surface 176 of the fitting groove 170, the drill holder 36 and the sleeve 10 are Rotate relative. This relative rotation is a relative rotation in a direction allowed by the one-way clutch 180, that is, a direction based on the cutting resistance, and the relative rotation in the opposite direction of the two is the one-way clutch 18.
Since it is blocked by 0, the torque transmitting surface of the engagement notch 174 is kept in the abutting state after being brought into contact with the engagement protrusion 114 that is partially fitted in the engagement notch 174. Be drunk When the drill holder 36 is attached to the sleeve 10, even if the operator forgets to bring the torque transmitting surface of the engagement notch 174 into contact with the engagement protrusion 114, if the machining is started, the sleeve 10 is rotated. The engagement protrusion 114 and the engagement notch 174 are brought into contact with each other, and thereafter, both are kept in contact with each other, so that there is no problem.

Thus, the sleeve 1 of the drill holder 36
Relative rotation opposite to the direction based on the cutting resistance with respect to 0 is blocked by the one-way clutch 180. for that reason,
There is a slight clearance in the rotation direction between the engagement protrusion 114 and the engagement notch 174 for engaging them, but they do not rotate relative to each other, and the fitting shaft portion 3
8 and the fitting hole 18 rotate relative to each other, and each portion of the tool holding device repeatedly collides with and slides to cause fatigue and wear, thereby shortening the life of the tool. Relative rotation of the drill holder 36 and the sleeve 10 in both the forward and reverse directions occurs in various cases. For example, when the through hole is processed by the drill 40, when the tip of the drill 40 comes out of the through hole, the cutting resistance may suddenly disappear and the drill may rotate in the opposite direction. If the relative rotation in the direction opposite to the direction based on the cutting resistance with respect to is not blocked, the engagement protrusion 114 separates from the side surface of the engagement notch 174, and the engagement notch 174 is applied when the cutting resistance is applied next. The side surface of the collides with the engaging protrusion 114. However, the relative rotation of the drill holder 36 with the sleeve 10 in the direction based on the cutting resistance is prevented by the engagement of the engagement notch 174 and the engagement protrusion 114, and the relative rotation in the direction opposite to the direction based on the cutting resistance. Is blocked by the one-way clutch 180, and the drill holder 36 and the sleeve 10 do not rotate relative to each other in either forward or reverse directions, so that each part of the tool holding device repeatedly collides and slides, causing fatigue and wear. Without
The durability of the tool holding device is improved. The engagement notch 174 constitutes the first circumferential contact portion, the engagement projection 114 constitutes the second circumferential contact portion, and the contact type relative rotation preventing device including these is provided together with the one-way clutch 180. This constitutes a relative rotation complete blocking device, which is a type of relative rotation limiting device.

Further, the fitting shaft portion 38 of the drill holder 36
When the is fitted into the fitting hole 18, the tapered outer peripheral surface 158 of the collet 154 abuts the tapered inner peripheral surface 178 of the fitting hole 18, and is pressed by the tapered inner peripheral surface 178 to be reduced in diameter. The inside of the annular groove 162 is moved toward the flange portion 110 side against the urging force of 156, and the front groove side surface located on the flange portion 110 side of the annular groove 162 and the rear groove side surface 164 located on the opposite side. It will be in a state where it does not abut. When the drill holder 36 is attached to the sleeve 10 without any gap in the axial direction, the collet 154 is kept in a reduced diameter state by the urging force of the disc spring 156, and the straight inner peripheral surface 160 is in close contact with the fitting shaft portion 38. At the same time, the tapered outer peripheral surface 158 comes into close contact with the tapered inner peripheral surface 178, and the relative movement of the fitting shaft portion 38 in the radial direction with respect to the fitting hole 18 is prevented.

Further, the one-way clutch 180 is attached to the fitting shaft portion 3
8 and the fitting hole 18 also serve to prevent fine movement in the radial direction. The casing of the one-way clutch 180 is press-fitted into the fitting hole 18, there is no radial clearance between them, and the roller 182 is pressed against the fitting shaft portion 38 by the urging force of the spring. This is because it is held in a state of being sandwiched between the inner surface of the concave portion and the outer peripheral surface of the fitting shaft portion 38. In particular, the one-way clutch 180 is provided at the bottom of the fitting hole 18, and the collet 1 is axially arranged.
Since it is provided at a position separated from 54, fine movement in the radial direction between the fitting shaft portion 38 and the fitting hole 18 is prevented at two locations that are axially separated from each other, and fitting during processing is performed. The relative movement of the shaft portion 38 with respect to the fitting hole 18 based on the fitting clearance is reliably prevented. Further, the one-way clutch 180 is provided at a position distant from the end surface 112 in the axial direction, and helps prevent the end portions 16 and 112 from being separated from each other by tilting the drill holder 36 and the sleeve 10. It is possible to more reliably prevent the 16, 112 from separating.

In this embodiment, the collet 154, the disc spring 156, and the one-way clutch 180 reduce the radial relative movement of the fitting shaft portion 38 and the fitting hole 18 based on the fitting clearance. This constitutes a radial relative movement prevention device, which is a type of reduction device.

The collet 154 is kept in a reduced diameter state by the biasing force of the disc spring 156, and is kept in contact with the fitting shaft portion 38 and the tapered inner peripheral surface 178.
54 taper outer peripheral surface 158, straight inner peripheral surface 160,
Even if the tapered inner peripheral surface 178 of the fitting hole 18 and the fitting shaft portion 38 are not formed with high accuracy, the tapered outer peripheral surface 15
8. The straight inner peripheral surface 160 is brought into close contact with the taper inner peripheral surface 178 and the fitting shaft portion 38 to eliminate radial play between the fitting shaft portion 38 and the fitting hole 18, and to make fine movements in both radial directions. Can be prevented. As described above, in the tool holding device of the present embodiment, the relative movement and relative rotation of the drill holder 36 and the sleeve 10 in the axial direction and the relative movement of the fitting shaft portion 38 and the fitting hole 18 in the radial direction are prevented. As a result, each part of the tool holding device does not repeatedly collide and slide during processing, and a tool holding device with extremely high durability can be obtained.

When removing the drill holder 36 from the sleeve 10, the collar 120 is attached to the tension coil spring 1.
The steel ball 132 is positioned in the axial groove 140 by rotating it against the biasing force of 46. At this time, the collar 120 is moved in the axial direction in a direction in which the engaging projection 126 is separated from the outward flange 172, and the end face 1 by the collar 120 is moved.
The pressing of 6 onto the end surface 112 is released. In this state, there is no gap between the engaging projection 126 and the stopper surface 176, and the collar 120 cannot be moved in a direction in which the engaging projection 126 separates from the end surface 112.
Since 26 is in phase with the engaging notch 174 of the outward flange 172 in the rotational direction, the collar 120 moves in a direction away from the sleeve 10 while maintaining the state in which the collar 120 is rotated against the urging force of the tension coil spring 146. By doing so, the steel ball 132 engages with the end surface of the axial groove portion 140 on the side of the inclined groove portion 142, and the drill holder 36 is moved in the direction of coming out of the sleeve 10. As a result, a gap is created between the engaging projection 126 and the stopper surface 176, so that the collar 1
20 is moved by the urging force of the compression coil spring 128 while maintaining the state in which 20 is rotated against the urging force of the tension coil spring 146, the engagement protrusion 126 causes the end surface 11 to move.
It can be moved away from 2. Steel ball 1
32 enters the axial groove portion 140, receives the biasing force of the tension coil spring 146, engages with the groove side surface parallel to the axial direction of the axial groove portion 140, and becomes a state of preventing the rotation of the collar 120. A person can remove the collar 120 from the sleeve 10 by holding the collar 120 or the drill holder 36 without keeping the collar 120 rotated against the biasing force of the tension coil spring 146.

As described above, when the drill holder 36 is attached to the sleeve 10, the collar 120 is urged by the compression coil spring 128 and kept in the non-acting position, and the fitting shaft portion 38 is fitted into the fitting hole 18. Match, color 120
Can be rotated, and the drill holder 36 can be attached to the sleeve 10 supported by the support member with one hand. Also, when detaching, rotate the collar 120,
The axial movement allows the drill holder 36 to be removed from the sleeve 10 with one hand. But,
When the drill holder 36 is removed from the sleeve 10, the collar 120 may be rotated with one hand after rotating the collar 120, and the drill holder 36 may be moved with the other hand to remove it from the sleeve 10. .

In the above embodiment, the fitting clearance of the fitting guide portion 41 is set to 0.1 mm, but it is desirable that the lower limit is 0.05 mm or more and the upper limit is 0.1 mm.
It is desirable that the thickness is 5 mm or less.

In the above embodiment, the gap is formed between the engaging projection 114 and the fitting shaft 38, and the collet 154 is arranged. However, like the drill holder 190 shown in FIG. In addition, the collet 192 may be provided at a position axially separated from the engaging protrusion 196 provided on the flange 194.

A portion of the holder main body 198 of the drill holder 190 closer to the fitting shaft portion 200 than the portion where the engaging projection 196 is provided has a smaller diameter and a shallow annular groove 20.
2 is formed and the collet 192 is accommodated,
It is biased by the disc spring 204. With this configuration, it is not necessary to form a gap for disposing the collet 192 between the engagement protrusion 196 and the fitting shaft 200, and the engagement protrusion 196 can be easily formed.

Further, in the above embodiment, the engaging protrusions 114, 196 are provided on the drill holders 36, 190 and the engaging notches 174 are formed on the sleeve 10, but conversely, they are engaged with the drill holders. A notch may be formed, and an engaging protrusion may be formed on the sleeve so as to engage them with each other so that the rotational torque is transmitted. For example, in the drill holder 190 shown in FIG. 8, the flange portion 194 is made thicker than the engagement protrusion 196, and the engagement protrusion 196 is added.
Instead of forming the engaging notch, in the sleeve 10,
Instead of the outward flange 172 and the engaging notch 174, engaging protrusions are formed at two positions separated in the diametrical direction. Also in this case, if the collet is provided at a position axially displaced from the flange portion of the drill holder, the flange portion and the engaging notch can be easily formed.

An embodiment common to the first, second and fourth inventions is shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, instead of providing the collet in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole are taper-fitted at two locations axially separated from each other. The same parts as those in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

The drill holder 800 as the second member is provided with a tool holding portion 804 and a fitting shaft portion 806 as the second fitting portion, and the holder body 802 is provided between the tool holding portion 804 and the fitting shaft portion 806. A flange portion 808 is provided and extends outward in the radial direction. The fitting shaft portion 806 has a stepped shape, and the large diameter fitting shaft portion 810 closest to the flange portion 808 side.
A first tapered outer peripheral surface 812 is formed at the base end portion thereof, the diameter of which gradually decreases as the distance from the flange portion 808 increases. Further, at the protruding end of the small diameter fitting shaft portion 814 which is provided subsequent to the large diameter fitting shaft portion 810 and has a smaller diameter than the large diameter fitting shaft portion 810,
An engaging protrusion 816 having a diameter smaller than that of the small-diameter fitting shaft 814 is provided so as to project, and a second taper outer peripheral surface 818 is formed at the protruding end of the engaging protrusion 816 so that the diameter gradually decreases toward the protruding end. ing. Further, the fitting shaft portion 80 of the flange portion 808
Engagement protrusions 822 are provided at two locations diametrically spaced on the end face 820 on the sixth side.

The fitting hole 826, which is the first fitting portion of the sleeve 824, which is the first member, has a stepped shape with a bottom.
The first taper inner peripheral surface 832 corresponding to the first taper outer peripheral surface 812 is formed at the opening end of the large-diameter fitting hole 830 that opens to the end surface 828 of No. 4. A one-way clutch 834 is fitted on the bottom surface of the large diameter fitting hole 830. The one-way clutch 834 is configured similarly to the one-way clutch 180, and has the drill holder 80.
0 allows relative rotation in a direction based on cutting resistance with respect to the sleeve 824, but prevents reverse relative rotation.

On the bottom surface of the small-diameter fitting hole portion 836 of the fitting hole 826, a bottomed cylindrical taper ring 840 which is an engaging member is fitted so as to be movable in the axial direction, and is a kind of biasing means. A disc spring 842 as an elastic member urges the fitting hole 826 toward the opening side. Small diameter fitting hole 836
A bolt 844 is erected on the bottom surface of the
6 is fitted with a spring receiver 848 and is fixed to the fitting hole 826 by a bolt 844. The spring bearing 848 has a bottomed cylindrical shape, and the taper ring 840 includes a shaft portion 852 of the bolt 844 and a spring bearing 848 at the bottom wall portion 850.
It is fitted in the cylindrical portion 854 so as to be relatively movable in the axial direction, and is fitted in the small diameter fitting hole portion 836 in the cylindrical portion 856 so as to be relatively movable in the axial direction. The outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 856 is a straight outer peripheral surface parallel to the axial direction. The straight outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the small-diameter fitting hole portion 836 are machined with high precision, and the cylindrical portion 856 has the small-diameter fitting hole portion 836. Is fitted with almost no radial clearance. The disc spring 842 has these taper rings 84.
It is disposed between the bottom wall portion 850 of 0 and the spring receiver 848. A second tapered inner peripheral surface 860 corresponding to the second tapered outer peripheral surface 818 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the opening end of the cylindrical portion 856 of the taper ring 840.

In the tool holding device of this embodiment, when the drill holder 800 is attached to the sleeve 824, the fitting shaft portion 806 is inserted into the fitting hole 826 from the engaging projection 816 side. Then, as in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, the engaging projection 126 of the collar 120 abuts on the stopper surface 176 of the fitting groove 170 of the sleeve 824, and projects on the end surface 820 of the flange portion 808. After the provided engagement protrusion 822 enters the engagement notch 174, if the drill holder 800 is moved forward with respect to the collar 120 while compressing the compression coil spring 128,
Is rotated, and the engagement protrusion 126 presses the end surface 862 of the engagement protrusion 172 against the flange portion 808 of the drill holder 800.

Before the end surface 820 of the flange portion 808 abuts on the end surface 828 of the sleeve 824, the engagement protrusion 816 is fitted to the taper ring 840, and the second taper outer peripheral surface 81.
8 is brought into contact with the second tapered inner peripheral surface 860. The fitting shaft portion 806 is inserted from this state while further retracting the taper ring 840 against the biasing force of the disc spring 842.
Therefore, the engaging protrusion 126 of the collar 120 is not attached to the engaging surface 86.
2 and engages the end face 828 with the end face 82 of the flange portion 808.
In the state where the taper ring 840 is firmly pressed against 0, the taper ring 840 is biased by the disc spring 842, and the second taper outer peripheral surface 818
The second taper inner peripheral surface 860 and the second tapered inner peripheral surface 860 are brought into close contact with each other by the biasing force of the disc spring 842, and there is substantially no clearance between the two surfaces. The taper ring 840 is fitted in the small-diameter fitting hole portion 836 with a very small radial clearance, and the radial clearance between the fitting shaft portion 806 and the fitting hole 826 is extremely small. There is almost no relative movement in the radial direction. Also, the fitting shaft portion 8
06 is the first taper outer peripheral surface 812 and the first taper inner peripheral surface 8
32 and 32 are taper-fitted. Since the end surface 820 of the flange portion 808 is pressed against the end surface 828 of the sleeve 824, the first taper outer peripheral surface 812 and the first taper inner peripheral surface 832 do not adhere to each other, and a clearance remains in the radial direction.
This clearance is extremely small. If it is a tapered surface,
Since the fitting is guided by the inclination, no clearance for facilitating the fitting is required, and the fitting shaft portion 8 is provided.
It is possible to reduce the radial relative movement between 06 and the fitting hole 826. In this way, the fitting shaft portion 806 and the fitting hole 82
6 are fitted at two positions axially separated from each other in such a state that the relative movement in the radial direction based on the fitting clearance is extremely small, and the one-way clutch 834 is used.
Functions as a kind of collet and prevents the fitting shaft portion 806 and the fitting hole 826 from moving in the radial direction, so that a tool holding device having extremely high durability can be obtained. In the present embodiment, the first taper outer peripheral surface 812, the first taper inner peripheral surface 832, the taper ring 840 and the disc spring 842 constitute a radial relative movement reduction device. However, in the present embodiment, the second tapered outer peripheral surface 818 constitutes the first tapered peripheral surface in claim 4, and the second tapered inner peripheral surface 860 is defined in claim 4.
Of the second taper peripheral surface.

Even if an abnormality occurs in the one-way clutch 834 and the function of preventing the relative movement in the radial direction is lost, the relative movement in the radial direction between the drill holder 800 and the sleeve 824 is tapered at two locations. Is extremely small, and the relative movement in the radial direction can be small.

In order to prevent the relative movement of the fitting shaft portion 806 and the fitting hole 826 in the rotational direction, the one-way clutch 834 is used.
It is desirable to provide the fitting shaft portion 806 and the fitting hole 8
In terms of reducing the radial relative movement with 26,
It is not essential to provide the one-way clutch in addition to the two taper fittings, and it may be omitted.

In the above embodiment, the first tapered outer peripheral surface 812 and the first tapered inner peripheral surface 832 may be omitted. This is because the tapered ring 840 biased by the one-way clutch 834 and the disc spring 842 and the engaging projection 816 are tapered to sufficiently prevent or reduce the relative movement in the radial direction.

Yet another embodiment common to the first, second, fifth and sixth inventions is shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, instead of tapering the drill holder and the sleeve at two axially separated locations, a collet is provided to prevent the radial movement of the fitting shaft and the fitting hole in the radial direction. It is a thing. Other configurations are the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof will be omitted, and different parts will be described.

The fitting shaft portion 901, which is the second fitting portion of the drill holder 900, which is the second member, is constructed in the same manner as the fitting shaft portion 806 of the drill holder 800. It has an engaging projection 903 formed with a surface 902. A shallow annular groove 904 is formed in a portion of the fitting shaft portion 901 adjacent to the flange portion 808, and a first collet 905 is fitted therein. First collet 90
Reference numeral 5 denotes a generally cylindrical member, in which a plurality of slit grooves are alternately formed from both end surfaces in the axial direction in a length that does not reach the end surface on the opposite side. Diameter is possible. The outer peripheral surface of the first collet 905 is a first tapered outer peripheral surface 906 whose diameter is gradually reduced as the distance from the flange portion 808 is increased, and the inner peripheral surface is a straight inner peripheral surface 908 parallel to the axial direction. The first collet 905 is retracted by the biasing force of a disc spring 910 as an elastic member that is a kind of biasing means arranged between the first collet 905 and the flange portion 808, and the drill holder 900 is removed from the sleeve 912. Then, the first collet 905
Is brought into contact with the rear groove side surface 914 on the side of the annular groove 904 farther from the flange portion 808.

The fitting hole 916 serving as the first fitting portion of the sleeve 912 serving as the first member is fitted into the fitting hole 826 of the sleeve 824.
Similarly to the above, a stepped shape is formed, and a first tapered inner peripheral surface 920 corresponding to the first tapered outer peripheral surface 906 of the first collet 905 is formed at the opening end of the large diameter fitting hole 918. . The one-way clutch 922 is press-fitted into the bottom surface of the large-diameter fitting hole 918, and the second collet 9 is fitted into the bottom surface of the small-diameter fitting hole 924.
26 are provided.

The second collet 926 is generally in the shape of a cylinder with a bottom, and in the bottom wall portion 928, the shaft portion 932 of the bolt 930 erected on the bottom surface of the small diameter fitting hole portion 924 and the spring receiver 9 are provided.
It is fitted to the cylindrical portion 936 of 34 so as to be relatively movable in the axial direction. The second collet 926 is urged toward the opening side of the fitting hole 916 by a disc spring 938 as an elastic member which is a kind of urging means arranged between the bottom wall portion 928 and the spring receiver 934. Has been done.

The outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion of the second collet 926 is
The straight outer peripheral surface 940 is parallel to the axial direction and is fitted in the small-diameter fitting hole portion 924 so as to be relatively movable in the axial direction. A second taper inner peripheral surface 942 corresponding to the second taper outer peripheral surface 902 of the engaging projection 903 is formed at the open end of the inner peripheral surface of the second collet 926. The cylindrical portion of the second collet 926 includes a bottom wall portion 928 and a bottom wall portion 928.
A plurality of axial slits extending toward the side are formed, and the diameter can be expanded.

In the tool holding device of this embodiment, the drill holder 900 is attached to the sleeve 912 in the same manner as in the embodiment shown in FIG. When the fitting shaft portion 901 of the drill holder 900 is fitted into the fitting hole 916 of the sleeve 912, the engaging projection 903 is fitted to the second collet 926 before the end surface 820 comes into contact with the end surface 828. When the two-taper outer peripheral surface 902 engages with the second taper inner peripheral surface 942 and the fitting shaft portion 901 is further fitted into the fitting hole 916, the engaging projection 903 forms the cylindrical portion of the second collet 924. It is fitted while pushing outward in the radial direction. Thereby, the straight outer peripheral surface 940 is brought into close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the small-diameter fitting hole portion 924, and the second tapered inner peripheral surface 942 is brought into close contact with the second tapered outer peripheral surface 902, so that the engagement projection 903 is fitted. Radial relative movement with respect to the hole 916 is prevented.

When the fitting shaft portion 901 is inserted into the fitting hole 916, the first tapered inner peripheral surface 920 is moved to the first collet 9.
The first collet 905 is pushed forward by engaging the first tapered outer peripheral surface 906 of No. 05, and the first collet 905 is advanced while resisting the biasing force of the disc spring 910 while being reduced in diameter. Away from. Flange part 808
Is pressed against the tip surface of the sleeve 912 and the drill holder 900 is attached to the sleeve 912,
The first collet 905 is maintained in a reduced diameter state by the disc spring 910, and the first tapered outer peripheral surface 906 and the straight inner peripheral surface 908 are brought into close contact with the first tapered inner peripheral surface 920 and the fitting shaft portion 901, respectively. The shaft portion 901 is also prevented from moving in the radial direction relative to the fitting hole 916 in the front portion.

In this way, the fitting shaft portion 901 and the fitting hole 916 are formed.
Is fitted in a state where relative movement in the radial direction based on the fitting clearance is blocked at two locations that are separated in the axial direction, so that the fitting shaft portion 901 and the fitting hole 916 are arranged in the radial direction during processing. A relatively durable tool holding device can be obtained without relative movement. In particular, two collets are provided and a one-way clutch 922 is provided, and the one-way clutch 922 has a function of preventing relative movement in the radial direction.
Relative movement between the fitting shaft portion 901 and the fitting hole 916 is extremely reliably prevented, and during machining, each part of the tool holding device does not repeatedly collide, slide, and suffer wear or wear. In the present embodiment, the first and second collets 905 and 924
The one-way clutch 922 constitutes a radial relative movement prevention device which is a type of radial relative movement reducing device.

Even if an abnormality occurs in the one-way clutch 922 and the function of preventing the relative movement of the fitting shaft portion 901 and the fitting hole 916 in the radial direction is not fulfilled, the first and second collets 905, 905.
The radial movement of the fitting shaft 901 and the fitting hole 916 is prevented by 924.

In order to prevent the relative movement of the fitting shaft portion 901 and the fitting hole 916 in the rotational direction, the one-way clutch 922 is used.
It is desirable to provide the fitting shaft portion 901 and the fitting hole 9
It is not essential to provide a two-way collet in addition to the two collets in terms of preventing relative movement in the radial direction with respect to 16, and may be omitted.

FIG. 11 shows still another embodiment common to the first, second, fifth and sixth inventions. In the present embodiment, FIG.
The tool holding device of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is provided with two one-way clutches. Other configurations are the same, and corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

The fitting hole 952 which is the first fitting portion of the sleeve 950 which is the first member has a stepped shape, and the fitting hole portion 954 having a small diameter.
Is provided with a first one-way clutch 956 on the bottom surface thereof, and a second one-way clutch 960 is provided on the bottom surface of the large diameter fitting hole portion 958. These one-way clutches 956 and 960 have opposite directions of blocking relative rotation between the drill holder 964 and the sleeve 950. The fitting shaft portion 966 that is the second fitting portion of the drill holder 964 that is the second member also has a stepped shape, and the small diameter shaft portion 9 that is fitted to the first one-way clutch 956.
68, a medium diameter shaft portion 970 fitted into the second one-way clutch 960, and a large diameter shaft portion 97 fitted into the large diameter fitting hole portion 958.
2

In this tool holding device, the drill holder 96
No. 4 is attached to the sleeve 950 as in the embodiment shown in FIGS. However, since two one-way clutches having mutually opposite relative rotation directions are provided, the fitting shaft portion 966 is fitted into the fitting hole 952 until it fits into the one-way clutches 956 and 960. After that, the drill holder 964 and the sleeve 950 cannot be rotated relative to each other. Therefore, the drill holder 964
Between the engagement protrusion 114 of the sleeve 119 and the engagement notch 174 of the sleeve 950, a clearance remains on at least one side in the rotation direction, and the rotation torque of the sleeve 950 is the first and second one-way clutches 956. Out of 960
It is transmitted to the drill holder 964 by one one-way clutch, and the relative rotation when the cutting resistance disappears is blocked by the other one-way clutch. In the present embodiment, the first and second one-way clutches 956 and 960 constitute a relative rotation complete blocking device which is a type of relative rotation limiting device. The engagement protrusion 114 and the engagement notch 174 may be omitted, but if they are provided, rotation is transmitted instead of the one-way clutch when, for example, the one-way clutch fails to function. Alternatively, relative rotation can be prevented when the cutting resistance disappears.

Further, in this tool holding device, the fitting hole 9
The relative movement of 52 and the fitting shaft portion 966 in the radial direction is
Second one-way clutch 956, 960 and collet 15
Blocked by 3 of 4. Even with two one-way clutches, the relative movement of the fitting hole 952 and the fitting shaft portion 966 in the radial direction can be prevented, but by further providing the collet 154, it can be more reliably prevented. For example, when an abnormality occurs in the one-way clutch and the function of preventing relative movement in the radial direction is no longer fulfilled, the collet prevents the relative movement in the radial direction.

However, it is not essential to provide the collet in addition to the two one-way clutches, and the collet may be omitted.

Embodiments common to the first, third, fifth and sixth inventions are shown in FIGS. In the present embodiment, FIG.
~ In the tool holding device shown in Fig. 7, the one-way clutch 1
Instead of 80, a rolling bearing 1300 is provided. Other configurations are the same as those of the tool holding device shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals, description thereof will be omitted, and different parts will be described.

The rolling bearing 1300 is provided at the bottom of the fitting hole 1304 which is the first fitting portion of the sleeve 1302 which is the first member. The rolling bearing 1300 has a cylindrical casing 1308 as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14.
The casing 1308 has a track shape, and three ball holding holes 1312 partially formed on the inner peripheral surface 1310 of the casing 1308 are formed at equal angular intervals. A plurality of balls 1314 are circulated in each of the above. Inner peripheral surface 13 of casing 1308 of ball holding hole 1312
As shown in FIG. 14, a part of the outer peripheral portion of the ball 1314 is projected from the portion shown in FIG. The rolling bearing 1300 has an outer peripheral surface 131 of the casing 1308.
6 is press-fitted into the fitting hole 1304.

The drill holder 1320, which is the second member in this tool holding device, is attached to the sleeve 1302 in the same manner as in the tool holding device shown in FIGS. The fitting shaft portion 1322, which is the second fitting portion, has the fitting hole 1304.
The engaging projection 13 provided at the end of the
24 contacts the three sets of balls 1314 of the rolling bearing 1300, and the balls 1314 move while rolling in the ball holding holes 1312 while allowing the engaging projections 1324 to be fitted. The casing 1308 of the rolling bearing 1300 is press-fitted into the fitting hole 1304, and there is no radial clearance between the casing 1308 and the fitting hole 1304, and also between the engagement protrusion 1324 and the ball 1314. There is no clearance for the rolling bearing 130
By 0, relative movement of the fitting shaft portion 1322 and the fitting hole 1304 in the radial direction is prevented. In the present embodiment, the rolling bearing 1300 and the collet 154 constitute a radial relative movement prevention device which is a type of radial relative reduction device.

In each of the above embodiments, it is not essential to urge the collet with a disc spring as an elastic member which is a kind of urging means, and the disc spring may be omitted. When the drill holder is fitted to the sleeve and the flange is pressed against the tip surface of the sleeve, the collet and taper are set so that the collet just makes contact with the tapered inner peripheral surface of the fitting hole and the fitting shaft of the drill holder. The inner peripheral surface and the fitting shaft portion may be processed.

Further, in the tool holding device provided with one one-way clutch in each of the above-described embodiments, when the drill holder is attached to the sleeve, an operator rotates the drill holder and the sleeve relative to each other, and the drill holder is rotated. It is not essential that the rotating torque transmitting surfaces of the sleeve and the sleeve contact each other. This is because even if they are not brought into contact with each other, they can be brought into contact with each other if the processing is started and the sleeve is started to rotate.

Furthermore, the present invention can be applied not only to the tool holding device that holds the drill, but also to the tool holding device that holds other machining tools such as taps.

Furthermore, the present invention can be carried out in a mode in which the combination of the constituent elements of each of the above embodiments is changed.
In addition, without departing from the scope of the claims, the present invention can be implemented in various modified and improved forms based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view (partial cross section) showing a tool holding device which is an embodiment common to the first, second, fifth and sixth inventions.

FIG. 2 is a front view (partial cross section) showing a drill holder that is a component of the tool holding device.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing a portion of the holder main body of the drill holder in which a cam groove is provided.

FIG. 4 is a right side view showing a collar fitted to the drill holder.

FIG. 5 is a left side view showing a sleeve that is a component of the tool holding device.

FIG. 6 is a front view (partial cross section) showing the sleeve.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating how the drill holder is attached to the sleeve.

FIG. 8 is a front cross-sectional view showing an engagement portion between a drill holder and a sleeve of a tool holding device which is another embodiment common to the first, second, fifth and sixth inventions.

FIG. 9 is a front view (partial cross section) showing a tool holding device which is an embodiment common to the first, second and fourth inventions.

FIG. 10 is a front view (partial cross section) showing a tool holding device which is still another embodiment common to the first, second, fifth and sixth inventions.

FIG. 11 is a front view (partial cross section) showing a tool holding device which is an embodiment common to the first, second, fifth and sixth inventions.

FIG. 12 is a front view (partial cross section) showing a tool holding device which is an embodiment common to the first, third, fifth and sixth inventions.

13 is a plan view (partial cross section) showing a rolling bearing which constitutes the tool holding device shown in FIG.

14 is a front sectional view showing a rolling bearing which constitutes the tool holding device shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Sleeve 16 End Face 18 Fitting Hole 36 Drill Holder 38 Fitting Shaft 40 Drill 42 Tool Holding Part 112 End Face 114 Engagement Projection 120 Collar 132 Steel Ball 138 Cam Groove 146 Tensile Coil Spring 154 Collet 174 Engagement Notch 180 One Direction Clutch 190 Drill holder 192 Collet 196 Engagement protrusion 800 Drill holder 812 First tapered outer peripheral surface 818 Second tapered outer peripheral surface 824 Sleeve 826 Fitting hole 832 First tapered inner peripheral surface 834 One-way clutch 842 Disc spring 860 Second taper Inner peripheral surface 900 Drill holder 901 Fitting shaft portion 905 First collet 912 Sleeve 916 Fitting hole 922 One-way clutch 926 Second collet 938 Disc spring 950 Sleeve 952 Fitting hole 956 First one-way clutch 960 Second one Directional clutch 964 Drill holder 966 Fitting shaft portion 1300 Rolling bearing 1302 Sleeve 1304 Fitting hole 1320 Drill holder 1322 Fitting shaft portion

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Takefusa Sasamori 1 Toyota-cho, Toyota-shi, Aichi Toyota Motor Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yasuo Kato 1 Toyota-cho, Toyota-shi, Aichi Toyota Motor Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tahiro Takasaki 1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Toyota Automobile Co., Ltd.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A first member that includes a first fitting portion and is fixed to a machine tool side; and a second fitting that is relatively rotatable with the first fitting portion and is relatively movable in an axial direction. A second member having a joining portion and a working tool holding portion, and the first and second members in the fitted state of the first and second fitting portions,
An axial movement limiting device for preventing relative movement of the second fitting portion in the axial direction exceeding a limited distance, and the first and second fitting portions in the fitted state,
A tool holding device including a relative rotation limiting device that prevents relative rotation of a second fitting part exceeding a limited angle, wherein one of the first fitting part and the second fitting part is fitted. Shaft,
The other is a fitting hole, and includes a radial relative movement reduction device that is provided between the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole and that reduces the relative movement in the radial direction based on the fitting clearance between them. Tool holding device characterized by. 2. The radial relative movement reducing device is provided between the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole, and allows relative rotation in one direction between the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole. However, it includes a one-way clutch that blocks relative rotation in the opposite direction, and the one-way clutch is formed in three or more axisymmetrically with respect to the axis of the fitting shaft portion and has a wedge-shaped clearance that gradually decreases in the circumferential direction. , Rolling elements arranged in each of the gaps so as to be rollable in the circumferential direction,
The tool holding device according to claim 1, further comprising a biasing unit that biases each of the rolling elements toward a side having a smaller gap. 3. The radial relative movement reducing device includes a rolling bearing provided between the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole, and the rolling bearing includes a fitting shaft portion and a fitting hole. Between the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole in the axial direction of the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole in three or more positions that are axially symmetric with respect to the axis of the fitting shaft portion with clearances of 0 or less. The tool holding device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a rolling element that allows relative movement. 4. The radial relative movement reducing device comprises a first taper peripheral surface formed on either one of the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole, and a first taper peripheral surface corresponding to the first taper peripheral surface. An engaging member having two tapered peripheral surfaces and fitted into the other of the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole so as to be relatively movable in the axial direction, and the engaging member is the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole. 4. A tool according to claim 1, further comprising a biasing device that biases the first taper peripheral surface so as to approach the first tapered peripheral surface when the and are fitted together. Holding device. 5. A collet in which the radial relative movement reducing device is held in one of the fitting hole and the fitting shaft portion,
The tool holding device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, further comprising a tapered surface provided on the other side and corresponding to a tapered surface of the collet. 6. The axial movement limiting device comprises: a first axial contact surface provided on the first member; a second axial contact surface provided on the second member; A contact state maintaining device for maintaining the contact state between the axial contact surface and the second axial contact surface, wherein the radial relative movement reducing device includes the first and second axial contact surfaces. 6. The tool holding device according to claim 5, further comprising a biasing unit that biases the collet toward a side having a smaller gap between the fitting shaft portion and the fitting hole in the contact state.