JPH0921977A - Visual system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a wide vertical field of view with a picture focused to a point of near infinity by individually generating upper and lower fields of view by upper and lower view field-optical systems. SOLUTION: In the upper view field optical system, a rear screen 2 having a video display surface with an approximate radius of curvature of 1,000mm and a recessed surface mirror 3 having an approximate radius of curvature of 1,800mm are arranged so as to make their centers of sphere at a center of sphere 1. Projectors 4a to 4c project video on the screen 2, the picture on the screen 2 located in the vicinity of the focus of the mirror 3 is made as a virtual image and an infinitely focused image is generated at a view point 5. On the other hand, the lower view field optical system has a front screen 7 having an approximate radius of curvature of 2,000mm and a recessed surface mirror 8 having an approximate radius of curvature of 3,300mm. The screen 7 and the mirror 8 are arranged so as to make their centers of sphere at a center of sphere 6. Projectors 9a to 9c project video on the screen 7 and the video is made as a virtual image and an infinitely focused image is generated. Thus, upper and lower vertical fields of view are obtained and a large field of view to the up and down directions is obtained at the point 5.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a simulated field-of-view display device used for training training of a moving body, especially an aircraft.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIGS. 10 and 11 are a plan view (FIG. 10) and a cross-sectional view (FIG. 11) of a conventional flight simulator capable of providing an image near infinity.

Reference numerals 5 and 5'denotes viewpoints, for example, pilot and co-pilot, 3 is a concave mirror, 2 is a rear screen, 4 is a projector, and 4R, 4G, and 4B are R, G, and B light sources of the projector. The alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 11 indicates the aircraft cockpit position.

A curvature of about 20 is provided at a position facing the viewpoints 5 and 5 '.
A 00 mm concave mirror 3 is provided, a rear screen 2 having a curvature of about 1700 mm is provided near the focal plane of the concave mirror 3, the projected image of the projector 4 is formed on the rear screen 2, and the elephant of the rear screen 2 is enlarged by the concave mirror 3. It is something that is reflected and viewed. Such a conventional technique is a well-known technique which can be found in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 47-45390.

FIG. 6 shows an optical path diagram from a viewpoint 5 in such a conventional device. Reference numeral 1 is a spherical center of the rear screen 2 and the concave mirror 3. FIG. 6 shows a rear screen 2 and a concave mirror 3 which are designed and arranged in order to increase the downward field of view. Reference numerals 11 and 12 in FIG. 11 'and 12' are concave mirrors 11,
Corresponding to 12. The position on the rear screen 2 is shown.

In FIG. 6, the optical path when looking downward from the viewpoint 5 is the optical paths 5 and 11 via the concave mirror 3 to become the optical paths 11 and 11 ', and see the image of the point 11' on the rear screen 2. become. At this time, the view angle θ1 is the angle 11,
It becomes 5,11 '.

Further, the optical path when viewed from below is the optical path 5,
Twelve. Through the concave mirror, the optical path 12, 12 ',
You will see the image of point 12 'on the rear screen 2.
At this time, the viewing angle θ2 is the angles 12, 5, 12 '.

In order to see the image of the point 12, the rear screen 2 must be present up to the point 12 '.
Since FIG. 6 is designed and arranged to expand the downward field of view in this manner, the downward field of view is increased, but the upper field of view that can be seen from the viewpoint 5 is blocked by the rear screen 2 as shown by the dotted line. The effective portion A of the concave mirror 3 is small and becomes narrow.

FIG. 7 shows the same structure as that of FIG. 6, but the case where the spherical center 1'of the rear screen 2 is above the spherical center 1 of the concave mirror 3. Raising the ball center of the rear screen 2 causes the optical path 1
The coordinates of the intersections of the rear screens 2 and 12 'with the rear screen 2 become high, so that an upper visual field can be obtained. At this time, the upper optical path 5,
12 'becomes slightly wider than in FIG. 6, the viewing angle θ2 becomes larger, and the effective portion A of the concave mirror 3 also becomes larger than in FIG. 6, but the relationship between the concave mirror 3 and the rear screen 2 deviates considerably from the ideal optical arrangement. Therefore, the image becomes difficult to see from the viewpoint position. It is unavoidable that some dislocation of the optical meter arrangement is unavoidable, and there is no problem in practical use, but if this is large, it will be an obstacle in practical use.

The examples shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 are diagrams showing a case where the viewpoint is shifted downward from 5 to 5 ′ and a case where FIG. 9 is shifted forward from 5 to 5 ′. is there. In either case, it is possible to expand the downward field of view to some extent, but since the viewpoint deviates from the center of the image, the image is likely to be distorted from the viewpoint position.

[0011]

As described above, in the conventional simulated field-of-view display device, a wide vertical field of view can be obtained to some extent by moving the viewpoint forward or downward to obtain the wide vertical field of view. it can.

However, since the image is projected and viewed on a single screen, the upper viewing angle is obstructed by the screen projecting the lower viewing image, and a wide vertical view cannot be obtained.

Therefore, the present invention eliminates these drawbacks,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a wide vertical field of view and an image near infinity.

[0014]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises an upper field optical system and a lower field optical system.
It has two optical systems and is configured to generate an upper visual field and a lower visual field separately.

[0015]

The operation of the present invention will be described. The upper visual field optical system produces an image near the infinity in the upper visual field, and the lower visual field optical system produces an image near the infinity in the lower visual field. You can get an image close to infinity.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a BB end view showing the structure of the simulated visual field display device seen from the side, and FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the same structure seen from above. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the upper field optical system has a rear screen 2 which is an image display surface having a curvature of about 1000 mm and a concave mirror 3 having a curvature of about 1800 mm with the ball center 1 as the ball center. In this embodiment, in order to extend the image display range in the left and right directions, a total of 6 projectors are used for each of the upper and lower sides. The technique itself of providing a plurality of projectors on the left and right is a well-known technique.

Images are projected on the rear screen 2 by the projectors 4a, 4b, 4c, and the image of the rear screen 2 near the focal plane of the concave mirror 3 is used as a virtual image to generate an image at infinity at the viewpoint 5. With this upper field optical system, an upper vertical field can be obtained from the front of the viewpoint 5.

On the other hand, the lower field optical system has a curvature of about 2000 m.
The front screen 7 of m and the concave mirror 8 having a curvature of about 3300 mm are arranged with the spherical center 6 as the spherical center. Projector 9a,
Images are projected on the front screen 7 by 9b and 9c, and the front screen 7 located near the focal point of the concave mirror 8
The image of infinity is generated as a virtual image. With this lower field of view optical system, a lower vertical field of view can be obtained. In this way, a large visual field in the vertical direction can be obtained from the viewpoint 5.

At this time, of course, the image to be displayed should be adjusted so that the colors and positions do not shift up and down.
b, 4c, 9a, 9b, 9c, etc. need to be sufficiently adjusted.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a plan view and FIG. 3 is an end view taken along the line CC of FIG. In the figure, the optical system for displaying the upper field of view is the same as that in FIGS. 1 and 2, but the projector 10 of the lower field of view display device is arranged below the viewpoint 5. The lower image projected by the projector 10 is once reflected by the concave mirror 8 and then projected on the front screen 7, and since the image on the front screen 7 is viewed again through the concave mirror 8, it is bright due to the scattered light of the first reflection. Video is obtained. Further, the occupied floor area can be reduced as compared with the case of the previous embodiment.

In these embodiments, since the image projected upward and the image projected downward are both close to infinity, they are viewed as continuous images without a feeling of discomfort even though they are images on different screens. be able to.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which the simulated visual field display device of the present invention is applied to a flight simulator for a helicopter. 20 is a helicopter cockpit, 21 is a pilot, 22 is a control stick, and 23a, 23b and 23c are windows. is there. As can be understood from the figure, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
The arrangement of the optical system shown in the embodiment of FIG. 2 is used.

As shown in the figure, in a normal flight state of a helicopter, the pilot often looks forward. For this reason, the field of view of the pilot is not much different from that of an airplane.
However, because of the vertical take-off and landing characteristics when taking off and landing, a field of view close to the bottom is required. In this embodiment, since the ground view can be obtained from the window 23a even during the take-off and landing training, a helicopter take-off and landing simulation, which has been impossible in the past, can be performed in a form closer to that of an actual aircraft.

In each of the above embodiments, the screen of the upper visual field system is the rear screen, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the screen may be a front screen and the projector may be arranged in front of the screen. Needless to say.

[0025]

As described above, according to the present invention, by having the upper visual field optical system and the lower visual field optical system, an infinite wide visual field of about + 20 ° to −40 ° with respect to the horizontal direction of the visual point. You can get a near-far image.

By obtaining such a wide vertical field of view, it is important to look at the ground at the time of takeoff and landing of a helicopter, which has been difficult in the past, but it is possible to realize a flight simulator, which has a great effect.

Further, due to the arrangement configuration unique to the present invention, it is not necessary for the elements constituting the simulated visual field display device to be special, and the device can be inexpensively constructed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an end view for explaining the principle of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the principle of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an end view for explaining the principle of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view illustrating the principle of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing an example of a helicopter of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing the principle of a conventional example.

FIG. 7 is a side view illustrating the principle of a conventional example.

FIG. 8 is a side view showing the principle of a conventional example.

FIG. 9 is a side view illustrating the principle of a conventional example.

FIG. 10 is a principle explanatory plan view showing a conventional example.

FIG. 11 is a side view showing the principle of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 upper field of view optical system ball center, 1'rear screen ball center,
2 rear screen, 3 concave mirror, 4 projector,
5 viewpoints, 5'viewpoints, 6 lower field optical system spherical center, 7
Front screen, 8 concave mirror, 9 projector,
10 projector, 11, 12 intersection with concave mirror, 1
Intersection with 1 ', 12' rear screen

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An optical system comprising a projector for generating simulated field-of-view image light, a screen for visualizing the simulated field-of-view image light from the projector, and a magnifying glass for enlarging an image on the screen, for use in an upper field of view and a lower field of view. A visual field display device having at least two systems for use, and displaying a simulated image by the at least two upper and lower visual field optical systems. 2. An upper field-of-view system projector, and an upper field-of-view system screen displaying an image from the projector.
An upper visual field optical system including a concave mirror of an upper visual field system for enlarging an image on the screen in a viewpoint direction, a lower visual field projector, a lower visual field screen for displaying an image from the lower visual field projector, and a lower visual system. The lower field of view optical system consisting of the concave mirror of the lower field of view system for enlarging the image of the field of view screen in the direction of the viewpoint, the upper field of view optical system and the lower field of view optical system display one continuous image, Further, the simulated field-of-view display device is characterized in that the concave mirror of the upper visual field system and the concave mirror of the lower visual field system are arranged at mutually different positions. 3. An upper view system concave mirror installed in front of the viewpoint, an upper view system rear screen installed near the focal plane of the upper view system and above the viewpoint, and an upper part arranged behind the rear screen. An upper field optical system configured to display an upper part of a simulated field of view composed of a field system projector, a lower field system concave mirror installed in front of the viewpoint and below the upper field system concave mirror, and near a focal plane of the concave mirror. At least a lower field optical system configured to display a lower part of the simulated field of view, which includes a lower field system front screen installed on the rear surface of the upper field optical concave mirror and a lower field system projector arranged in front of the front screen. A simulated field-of-view display device having two sets of optical systems, an upper visual field system and a lower visual field system. 4. An upper visual field concave mirror installed in front of the viewpoint, an upper visual field rear screen installed near the focal plane of the upper mirror and above the viewpoint, and an upper rear view arranged behind the rear screen. An upper visual field optical system configured to display an upper part of a simulated visual field formed by a visual field projector, a lower visual field concave mirror installed in front of the viewpoint and below the upper visual field concave mirror, and near a focal plane of the concave mirror, and At least two sets of a lower field-of-view optical system configured to display a lower part of a simulated field of view configured by a lower field-of-view system front screen installed behind the concave mirror of the upper field-of-view optical system and a lower field-of-view system projector installed below the viewpoint. A simulated visual field display device having the optical system described above. 5. A concave mirror for an upper visual field system installed in front of the pilot, a rear screen near the focal plane of the concave mirror and above the pilot for displaying an image of the upper visual field, and a rear screen of the rear screen. An upper visual field optical system configured to display an upper portion of a simulated visual field, which is configured by an upper visual field projector that is arranged rearward and supplies an image of an upper visual field, and a lower portion installed in front of the pilot and below the concave mirror of the upper visual field system. A concave mirror of the field system, a front screen for displaying an image of the lower field of view installed near the focal plane of the concave mirror and on the back surface of the concave mirror of the upper field of view optical system, and an image of the lower field of view arranged in front of the front screen. A helicopter fly characterized by having a lower field of view optical system for displaying a lower part of a simulated field of view, which is composed of a lower field of view projector to be supplied. Visual field display for simulator.