JPH09217964A - Magnetic refrigerating machine - Google Patents
Magnetic refrigerating machineInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09217964A JPH09217964A JP8025076A JP2507696A JPH09217964A JP H09217964 A JPH09217964 A JP H09217964A JP 8025076 A JP8025076 A JP 8025076A JP 2507696 A JP2507696 A JP 2507696A JP H09217964 A JPH09217964 A JP H09217964A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- magnetic
- refrigerator
- cryogenic fluid
- magnetic body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZPDRQAVGXHVGTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallium;gadolinium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ga+3].[Gd+3] ZPDRQAVGXHVGTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
- F25B2321/002—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects by using magneto-caloric effects
- F25B2321/0021—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects by using magneto-caloric effects with a static fixed magnet
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/17—Re-condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D19/00—Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices or objects to be refrigerated, e.g. infrared detectors
- F25D19/006—Thermal coupling structure or interface
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は極低温流体の再液化
に適用される磁気冷凍機に関するものである。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a magnetic refrigerator applied to reliquefaction of a cryogenic fluid.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】図３は従来の磁気冷凍機の縦断面図であ
る。図において、１は侵入熱を低減するための断熱真空
容器、２は断熱真空容器のフランジ部である。３は常温
からの輻射熱をシールドするための液体窒素槽、４は液
体窒素、５は液体窒素４の供給管、６は蒸発した液体窒
素４の気化したガスの逃気管である。４０はギフォード
・マクマホン冷凍機（以下ＧＭ冷凍機と略称する）、７
はＧＭ冷凍機の第一段寒冷発生部で、８は液体窒素槽３
からの輻射侵入熱を抑制するために第一段寒冷発生部７
に取り付けられたシールド板である。９はＧＭ冷凍機の
第二段寒冷発生部、１０は第二寒冷発生部９と、熱スイ
ッチの銅の部分１１とを熱的に結合させるための銅のブ
ロック。１２は超伝導マグネット１３の磁場をパルス的
に運転した時に発生するジュール発熱の影響を少なくす
るために用いられる絶縁物で、磁気冷凍サイクルの温度
範囲で熱伝導率の大きい水晶などを用いる。符号１１，
１２を付した部分から熱スイッチが構成されている。１
４は上下動機構を含んだステッピングモータ、１５はス
テッピングモータ１４を支持するための台、１６は熱ス
イッチ１１，１２とステッピングモータ１４とを結ぶロ
ッドである。１７は熱スイッチ１１，１２がステッピン
グモータにより上下動するときにも、銅のブロック１０
と熱的な接触を保つための、容易に変形の可能な銅製の
網、１８は熱スイッチを収める容器であり、ヘリウムガ
ス１９が満たされている。２０は液化用磁性体で、例え
ば液化しようとする液化対象極低温流体２１が水素など
の場合はＧＧＧ（Ｇｄ3 Ｇａ5 Ｏ12、ガドリニウム・ガ
リウム・ガーネット）等である。２２はシール、２３は
液化用磁性体２０を押え、シール２２に必要な圧力を供
給するためのバネ、２４はバネの力を受け止めるための
フランジである。２５は液化対象極低温流体２１を収め
るための容器、２６は液化用磁性体２０を収めるための
容器で、２７は０．５mm程度のギャップである。２８は
超伝導マグネット１３を冷却するための液体ヘリウム、
２９は液体ヘリウム容器、３０は液体ヘリウム２８の注
入管。３１は液体ヘリウム２８の気化したガスの逃気管
である。FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional magnetic refrigerator. In the figure, reference numeral 1 is an adiabatic vacuum container for reducing invasion heat, and 2 is a flange portion of the adiabatic vacuum container. Reference numeral 3 is a liquid nitrogen tank for shielding radiant heat from room temperature, 4 is liquid nitrogen, 5 is a supply pipe for liquid nitrogen 4, and 6 is an escape pipe for vaporized gas of vaporized liquid nitrogen 4. 40 is a Gifford McMahon refrigerator (hereinafter abbreviated as GM refrigerator), 7
Is the first stage cold generation part of the GM refrigerator, and 8 is the liquid nitrogen tank 3
1st stage cold generation part 7 to suppress radiant intrusion heat from
It is a shield plate attached to. Reference numeral 9 denotes a second stage cold generation part of the GM refrigerator, and 10 denotes a copper block for thermally coupling the second cold generation part 9 and the copper part 11 of the heat switch. Reference numeral 12 is an insulator used to reduce the influence of Joule heat generated when the magnetic field of the superconducting magnet 13 is operated in a pulsed manner, and is made of crystal or the like having a large thermal conductivity in the temperature range of the magnetic refrigeration cycle. Reference numeral 11,
A thermal switch is formed from the part indicated by 12. 1
Reference numeral 4 is a stepping motor including a vertical movement mechanism, 15 is a base for supporting the stepping motor 14, and 16 is a rod connecting the thermal switches 11 and 12 and the stepping motor 14. Reference numeral 17 denotes the copper block 10 even when the thermal switches 11 and 12 are moved up and down by the stepping motor.
An easily deformable copper net for maintaining thermal contact with the reference numeral 18 is a container for accommodating a thermal switch, and is filled with a helium gas 19. Reference numeral 20 denotes a liquefying magnetic material, which is, for example, GGG (Gd 3 Ga 5 O 12 , gadolinium gallium garnet) when the cryogenic fluid 21 to be liquefied is hydrogen or the like. Reference numeral 22 is a seal, 23 is a spring for pressing the liquefying magnetic body 20 to supply a necessary pressure to the seal 22, and 24 is a flange for receiving the force of the spring. Reference numeral 25 is a container for storing the cryogenic fluid 21 to be liquefied, 26 is a container for storing the magnetic material 20 for liquefaction, and 27 is a gap of about 0.5 mm. 28 is liquid helium for cooling the superconducting magnet 13,
29 is a liquid helium container, 30 is a liquid helium 28 injection pipe. Reference numeral 31 is an escape pipe for the vaporized gas of liquid helium 28.
【０００３】上記構成の磁気冷凍機においては、以下の
過程を繰り返すことによって低温を発生し、液化対象極
低温流体２１を極低温化する。 （１）断熱励磁過程：ステッピングモータ１４により磁
性体２０と熱スイッチ１１，１２が接触しない状態で超
伝導マグネット１３により磁場が印加されると磁性体２
０の温度は上昇する。 （２）等温磁化過程：ある温度まで磁性体２０の温度が
上昇すると、ステッピングモータ１４により、熱スイッ
チ１１，１２が下降し、磁性体２０と接触した状態で、
磁性体２０に印加される磁場を増加させる。このとき磁
性体２０は温度一定のままで、熱スイッチ１１，１２に
熱を放出する。 （３）断熱消磁過程：次にステッピングモータ１４によ
り、熱スイッチ１１，１２を上昇させ、磁性体から離し
た状態で磁場を減少させる。このとき磁性体２０の温度
は低下する。 （４）等温消磁過程：さらに磁場を減少させ、極低温流
体２１の沸点まで磁性体の温度が低下すると、極低温流
体２１はギャップ２７において液化される。In the magnetic refrigerator having the above structure, a low temperature is generated by repeating the following process, and the cryogenic fluid 21 to be liquefied is cryogenically cooled. (1) Adiabatic excitation process: When a magnetic field is applied by the superconducting magnet 13 with the stepping motor 14 not contacting the magnetic body 20 and the thermal switches 11 and 12, the magnetic body 2
The temperature of 0 rises. (2) Isothermal magnetization process: When the temperature of the magnetic body 20 rises to a certain temperature, the thermal switches 11 and 12 are lowered by the stepping motor 14 and in contact with the magnetic body 20,
The magnetic field applied to the magnetic body 20 is increased. At this time, the temperature of the magnetic body 20 remains constant and heat is released to the thermal switches 11 and 12. (3) Adiabatic degaussing process: Next, the stepping motor 14 raises the thermal switches 11 and 12 to decrease the magnetic field in a state of being separated from the magnetic body. At this time, the temperature of the magnetic body 20 decreases. (4) Isothermal demagnetization process: When the magnetic field is further reduced and the temperature of the magnetic substance drops to the boiling point of the cryogenic fluid 21, the cryogenic fluid 21 is liquefied in the gap 27.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記従来の磁気冷凍機
では熱スイッチ１１，１２を上下動させるためのロッド
１６を介して、ＧＭ冷凍機寒冷ヘッド第２段に侵入熱が
あり、熱スイッチ１１，１２から熱を奪うためのＧＭ冷
凍機寒冷ヘッド第２段の寒冷発生量が減少していた。本
考案は以上の問題点を解決し、熱スイッチ可動部を動か
すための機械的手段を廃し、冷凍能力の大きい磁気冷凍
機を提供しようとするものである。In the conventional magnetic refrigerator described above, there is invasion heat in the second stage of the GM refrigerator cold head through the rod 16 for moving the heat switches 11 and 12 up and down, and the thermal switch 11 , 12, the amount of cold generated in the second stage of the GM refrigerator cold head for removing heat from the cold was reduced. The present invention is intended to solve the above problems and to provide a magnetic refrigerator having a large refrigerating capacity by eliminating the mechanical means for moving the thermal switch movable part.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は上記課題を解決
したものであって、液化対象極低温流体の収容容器、同
液化対象極低温流体を液化するために上記収容容器内に
設けられた液化用磁性体、同液化用磁性体の周囲に設置
され同液化用磁性体に磁場を加える超伝導マグネット、
寒冷発生部を有するギフォード・マクマホン冷凍機、及
び上記ギフォード・マクマホン冷凍機の寒冷発生部に熱
的に接続され下端部において外力によって上下に移動し
て上記液化用磁性体に離接する可動部を備えている熱ス
イッチによって構成される磁気冷凍機において、次の特
徴を有する磁気冷凍機に関するものである。 （１）上記熱スイッチを、上端部が上記ギフォード・マ
クマホン冷凍機の寒冷発生部に熱的に接続されているヒ
ートパイプと、同ヒートパイプの下端部において上下移
動可能に支持され上記超伝導マグネットの磁場により上
下移動して上記液化用磁性体に離接し上記ヒートパイプ
に放熱する伝熱用磁性体からなる可動部とによって構成
した。 （２）上記（１）項に記載の磁気冷凍機におけるヒート
パイプを、上記伝熱用磁性体を上下移動可能に支持する
ベローズを設けた容器と、同容器内に封入された上記液
化対象極低温流体より沸点の高い伝熱用極低温流体とか
ら構成した。 （３）上記（２）項に記載の磁気冷凍機において、その
ヒートパイプと上記ギフォード・マクマホン冷凍機の寒
冷発生部とを接続する部材としてその一部が上記ヒート
パイプ内に位置する銅ブロックを用い、同銅ブロックの
上記ヒートパイプ内に位置する部分に、蒸発した伝熱用
極低温流体を凝縮させるギャップを設けた。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems and is provided in a container for storing a cryogenic fluid to be liquefied and in the container for liquefying the cryogenic fluid to be liquefied. Liquefaction magnetic body, superconducting magnet installed around the liquefaction magnetic body and applying a magnetic field to the liquefaction magnetic body,
A Gifford-McMahon refrigerator having a cold-generating part, and a movable part that is thermally connected to the cold-generating part of the Gifford-McMahon refrigerator and moves up and down by an external force at the lower end to contact and separate from the liquefying magnetic material. The present invention relates to a magnetic refrigerator having the following characteristics in a magnetic refrigerator configured by a heat switch that operates. (1) The heat switch has a heat pipe whose upper end is thermally connected to the cold generation part of the Gifford-McMahon refrigerator, and the superconducting magnet which is movably supported at the lower end of the heat pipe. And a movable part composed of a heat transfer magnetic body that moves up and down by the magnetic field of (1) to separate from and contact the liquefying magnetic body and radiate heat to the heat pipe. (2) A container provided with a bellows for supporting the heat transfer magnetic body in a vertically movable manner, and a liquefaction target electrode enclosed in the container for the heat pipe in the magnetic refrigerator according to the item (1). It is composed of a cryogenic fluid for heat transfer that has a higher boiling point than the cryogenic fluid. (3) In the magnetic refrigerator according to the item (2), a copper block, a part of which is located in the heat pipe, is used as a member for connecting the heat pipe and the cold generation part of the Gifford-McMahon refrigerator. A gap for condensing the evaporated cryogenic fluid for heat transfer was provided in the portion of the copper block located inside the heat pipe.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明の実施の形態】図１は本発明の実施の一形態に係
る磁気冷凍機の縦断面図である。図には従来技術と同一
の構成部材には同一の符号を付してあるので説明は省略
する。図において、３３はベローズ、３２は同ベローズ
３３に固定された伝熱用磁性体で、超伝導マグネット１
３がＯＮになると電磁力により下降する。３４は伝熱用
極低温流体で例えば液化対象極低温流体２１がヘリウム
の場合はヘリウムより沸点の高い水素が用いられる。３
５は蒸発した伝熱用極低温流体が凝縮する幅０．５mm程
度のギャップで、３６は蒸発した伝熱用極低温流体３４
からギャップ３５における凝縮によって奪った熱をＧＭ
冷凍機寒冷ヘッド二段９へ伝える銅ブロックである。本
装置における熱スイッチは銅ブロック３６、伝熱用極低
温流体３４、ベローズ３３および伝熱用磁性体３２から
なる部分を指している。また、容器１８、銅ブロック３
６、伝熱用極低温流体３２はヒートパイプを構成してい
る。本実施形態においては、従来技術に設けられていた
ステッピングモータ１４、支持台１５、ロッド１６、熱
スイッチ１１，１２は設けられていない。上記以外の部
分の構成は従来技術と同じである。1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a magnetic refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same components as those in the conventional technique are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. In the figure, 33 is a bellows, 32 is a magnetic material for heat transfer fixed to the bellows 33, and the superconducting magnet 1
When 3 is turned on, it descends due to electromagnetic force. Reference numeral 34 is a cryogenic fluid for heat transfer, and for example, when the cryogenic fluid 21 to be liquefied is helium, hydrogen having a boiling point higher than that of helium is used. 3
Reference numeral 5 is a gap having a width of about 0.5 mm in which the vaporized heat transfer cryogenic fluid is condensed, and 36 is the vaporized heat transfer cryogenic fluid 34.
The heat taken by the condensation in the gap 35 from the GM
It is a copper block that is transmitted to the refrigerator cold head two-stage 9. The thermal switch in the present apparatus refers to a portion including a copper block 36, a heat transfer cryogenic fluid 34, a bellows 33, and a heat transfer magnetic body 32. Also, container 18, copper block 3
6. The heat transfer cryogenic fluid 32 constitutes a heat pipe. In this embodiment, the stepping motor 14, the support 15, the rod 16, and the thermal switches 11 and 12 which are provided in the conventional technique are not provided. The configuration of other parts is the same as that of the related art.
【０００７】図２は上記実施形態に用いられている熱ス
イッチの作動原理説明図であり、（ａ）は熱スイッチＯ
ＦＦの状態、（ｂ）は熱スイッチＯＮの状態を示してい
る。この熱スイッチは機械的に熱スイッチを上下動する
ためのロッド等の機構が無くてもＯＮ・ＯＦＦが可能な
熱スイッチである。FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the operating principle of the thermal switch used in the above embodiment, (a) is a thermal switch O.
The state of FF, (b) shows the state of thermal switch ON. This thermal switch is a thermal switch that can be turned on and off without a mechanism such as a rod for mechanically moving the thermal switch up and down.
【０００８】図において、超伝導マグネット１３がＯＮ
になると、電磁力により伝熱用磁性体３２は超伝導マグ
ネット１３の磁場空間の中心に向かって下降するので、
伝熱用磁性体３２は液化用磁性体２０と接触し、熱スイ
ッチはＯＮとなる（図２の（ｂ））。このとき液化用磁
性体２０は発熱しているので、この熱は伝熱用磁性体３
２を介して伝熱用極低温流体３４に伝えられ、同伝熱用
極低温流体はさかんに蒸発する。蒸発した伝熱用極低温
流体３４はギャップ３５で凝縮し、蒸発した伝熱用極低
温流体３４から奪われた熱は、銅ブロック３６を介して
ＧＭ冷凍機寒冷ヘッド第二段９へ排熱される。次にふた
たび超伝導マグネットの磁場がＯＦＦになると、伝熱用
磁性体３２は液化用磁性体２０から離れ、熱スイッチは
ＯＦＦとなる（図２の（ａ））。上記の熱スイッチでは
超伝導マグネット１３と熱スイッチの先端にとりつけら
れた伝熱用磁性体３２の間の電磁力により熱スイッチの
ＯＮ・ＯＦＦを行うので、熱スイッチを上下動するため
のロッドが不要となり、ＧＭ冷凍機寒冷ヘッド第二段へ
の侵入熱を低減できる。In the figure, the superconducting magnet 13 is turned on.
Then, due to the electromagnetic force, the heat transfer magnetic body 32 descends toward the center of the magnetic field space of the superconducting magnet 13,
The heat transfer magnetic body 32 comes into contact with the liquefaction magnetic body 20, and the thermal switch is turned on ((b) of FIG. 2). At this time, since the liquefying magnetic body 20 is generating heat, this heat is transferred to the heat conducting magnetic body 3
It is transmitted to the heat transfer cryogenic fluid 34 via 2 and the heat transfer cryogenic fluid is rapidly evaporated. The evaporated heat transfer cryogenic fluid 34 is condensed in the gap 35, and the heat taken from the evaporated heat transfer cryogenic fluid 34 is exhausted to the GM refrigerator cold head second stage 9 via the copper block 36. Be done. Next, when the magnetic field of the superconducting magnet is turned off again, the heat transfer magnetic body 32 separates from the liquefying magnetic body 20 and the thermal switch is turned off ((a) in FIG. 2). In the heat switch described above, the heat switch is turned on and off by the electromagnetic force between the superconducting magnet 13 and the heat transfer magnetic body 32 attached to the tip of the heat switch. Therefore, the rod for moving the heat switch up and down is provided. It is not necessary and the heat entering the second stage of the GM refrigerator cold head can be reduced.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明の磁気冷凍
機においては、超伝導マグネットの磁場のＯＮ・ＯＦＦ
にともなって上下動する伝熱用磁性体とヒートパイプを
組み合わせた熱スイッチを用いているので、機械的に熱
スイッチを上下動するためのロッドが不要となり、ＧＭ
冷凍機寒冷ヘッド第二段への侵入熱を低減し、熱スイッ
チから熱を奪うためのＧＭ冷凍機寒冷ヘッド第二段の寒
冷発生量を増加させる。したがって高性能な熱スイッチ
となっているので、磁気冷凍機の冷凍能力を増大させる
ことができる。As described above, in the magnetic refrigerator of the present invention, the magnetic field of the superconducting magnet is turned on / off.
Since a heat switch that combines a heat transfer magnetic material that moves up and down with a heat pipe is used, a rod for mechanically moving the heat switch up and down is unnecessary, and the GM
It reduces the heat entering the second stage of the refrigerator cold head and increases the amount of cold generated in the second stage of the GM refrigerator cold head for removing heat from the heat switch. Therefore, since it is a high-performance heat switch, the refrigerating capacity of the magnetic refrigerator can be increased.
【図１】本発明の実施の一形態に係る磁気冷凍機の縦断
面図。FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a magnetic refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】上記実施形態に用いられている熱スイッチの作
動原理説明図。FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the operating principle of the thermal switch used in the above embodiment.
【図３】従来の磁気冷凍機の縦断面図。FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a conventional magnetic refrigerator.
１ 断熱真空容器 ２ フランジ部 ３ 液体窒素槽 ４ 液体窒素 ５ 液体窒素供給管 ６ 窒素ガス逃気管 ７ ＧＭ冷凍機第一段寒冷発生部 ８ シールド板 ９ ＧＭ冷凍機第二段寒冷発生部 １０ 銅ブロック １３ 超伝導マグネット １８ 熱スイッチ容器 ２０ 液化用磁性体 ２１ 液化対象極低温流体 ２２ シール ２３ バネ ２４ フランジ ２５ 液化対象極低温流体収納容器 ２６ 液化用磁性体収納容器 ２７ ギャップ ２８ 液体ヘリウム ２９ 液体ヘリウム容器 ３０ 液体ヘリウム注入管 ３１ ヘリウムガス逃気管 ３２ 伝熱用磁性体 ３３ ベローズ ３４ 伝熱用極低温流体 ３５ ギャップ ３６ 銅ブロック ４０ ギフォード・マクマホン（ＧＭ）冷凍機 1 Adiabatic Vacuum Container 2 Flange 3 Liquid Nitrogen Tank 4 Liquid Nitrogen 5 Liquid Nitrogen Supply Pipe 6 Nitrogen Gas Escape Pipe 7 GM Refrigerator 1st Stage Cold Generation 8 Shield Plate 9 GM Refrigerator 2nd Stage Cold Generation 10 Copper Block 13 Superconducting Magnet 18 Thermal Switch Container 20 Liquefaction Magnetic Material 21 Liquefaction Target Cryogenic Fluid 22 Seal 23 Spring 24 Flange 25 Liquefaction Target Cryogenic Fluid Storage Container 26 Liquefaction Magnetic Material Storage Container 27 Gap 28 Liquid Helium 29 Liquid Helium Container 30 Liquid helium injection pipe 31 Helium gas escape pipe 32 Heat transfer magnetic material 33 Bellows 34 Heat transfer cryogenic fluid 35 Gap 36 Copper block 40 Gifford McMahon (GM) refrigerator
Claims (3)
対象極低温流体を液化するために上記収容容器内に設け
られた液化用磁性体、同液化用磁性体の周囲に設置され
同液化用磁性体に磁場を加える超伝導マグネット、寒冷
発生部を有するギフォード・マクマホン冷凍機、及び上
記ギフォード・マクマホン冷凍機の寒冷発生部に熱的に
接続され下端部において外力によって上下に移動して上
記液化用磁性体に離接する可動部を備えている熱スイッ
チによって構成される磁気冷凍機において、上記熱スイ
ッチを、上端部が上記ギフォード・マクマホン冷凍機の
寒冷発生部に熱的に接続されているヒートパイプと、同
ヒートパイプの下端部において上下移動可能に支持され
上記超伝導マグネットの磁場により上下移動して上記液
化用磁性体に離接し上記ヒートパイプに放熱する伝熱用
磁性体からなる可動部とによって構成したことを特徴と
する磁気冷凍機。1. A container for storing a cryogenic fluid to be liquefied, a liquefying magnetic body provided in the container for liquefying the cryogenic fluid to be liquefied, and a liquefying system installed around the liquefying magnetic body. A superconducting magnet for applying a magnetic field to a magnetic material for use, a Gifford-McMahon refrigerator having a cold-generating part, and the above-mentioned Gifford-McMahon refrigerator being thermally connected to the cold-generating part and vertically moved by an external force at the lower end. In a magnetic refrigerator comprising a thermal switch having a movable part which is brought into contact with and separated from a liquefying magnetic material, the thermal switch has an upper end portion thermally connected to a cold generating portion of the Gifford-McMahon refrigerator. A heat pipe and a lower end portion of the heat pipe are movably supported and vertically moved by a magnetic field of the superconducting magnet to come into contact with and separate from the liquefying magnetic body. A magnetic refrigerator comprising a movable part made of a heat transfer magnetic material that radiates heat to the heat pipe.
を上下移動可能に支持するベローズを設けた容器と、同
容器内に封入された上記液化対象極低温流体より沸点の
高い伝熱用極低温流体とから構成したことを特徴とする
請求項１に記載の磁気冷凍機。2. A container provided with a bellows for supporting the heat transfer magnetic body so that the heat transfer magnetic body can move up and down, and a heat transfer container having a boiling point higher than that of the cryogenic fluid to be liquefied sealed in the container. The magnetic refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic refrigerator comprises a cryogenic fluid.
クマホン冷凍機の寒冷発生部とを接続する部材としてそ
の一部が上記ヒートパイプ内に位置する銅ブロックを用
い、同銅ブロックの上記ヒートパイプ内に位置する部分
に、蒸発した伝熱用極低温流体を凝縮させるギャップを
設けたことを特徴とする請求項２に記載の磁気冷凍機。3. A copper block, a part of which is located in the heat pipe, is used as a member for connecting the heat pipe to the cold generation part of the Gifford McMahon refrigerator, and the heat pipe of the copper block is used in the heat pipe. The magnetic refrigerator according to claim 2, wherein a gap for condensing the evaporated cryogenic fluid for heat transfer is provided in the located portion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02507696A JP3285751B2 (en) | 1996-02-13 | 1996-02-13 | Magnetic refrigerator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02507696A JP3285751B2 (en) | 1996-02-13 | 1996-02-13 | Magnetic refrigerator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09217964A true JPH09217964A (en) | 1997-08-19 |
| JP3285751B2 JP3285751B2 (en) | 2002-05-27 |
Family
ID=12155842
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02507696A Expired - Fee Related JP3285751B2 (en) | 1996-02-13 | 1996-02-13 | Magnetic refrigerator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3285751B2 (en) |
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| GB2441652B (en) * | 2006-09-08 | 2012-01-11 | Gen Electric | Thermal switch for superconducting magnet cooling system |
| EP2878903A1 (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-06-03 | Oxford Instruments Nanotechnology Tools Limited | Cryogenic cooling apparatus and system |
| US9927154B2 (en) | 2013-11-29 | 2018-03-27 | Oxford Instruments Nanotechnology Tools Limited | Cryogenic cooling apparatus and system |
| CN105823262A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2016-08-03 | 青岛海尔智能技术研发有限公司 | Magnetic refrigerator |
| CN110617650A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2019-12-27 | 牛津仪器纳米技术工具有限公司 | Cryogenic cooling system |
| EP3584516A1 (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2019-12-25 | Oxford Instruments Nanotechnology Tools Limited | Cryogenic cooling system |
| CN110617650B (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2022-05-13 | 牛津仪器纳米技术工具有限公司 | Cryogenic cooling system |
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| CN112585417A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2021-03-30 | 通用电气公司 | Remote-driven cryocooler for superconducting generator |
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| CN111947348A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-11-17 | 同济大学 | Composite cylinder thermal switch |
| CN112361644A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-02-12 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Magnetic cold accumulation assembly, cold accumulator, magnetic refrigeration system and magnetic refrigerator |
| CN115200247A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-10-18 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Low-temperature structure of throttling refrigeration coupling adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator and implementation method |
| CN115200247B (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2024-05-07 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Low-temperature structure of throttling refrigeration coupling heat insulation demagnetizing refrigerator and implementation method |
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