JPH092178A - Shock absorbing structure of automobile interior member - Google Patents
Shock absorbing structure of automobile interior memberInfo
- Publication number
- JPH092178A JPH092178A JP7178198A JP17819895A JPH092178A JP H092178 A JPH092178 A JP H092178A JP 7178198 A JP7178198 A JP 7178198A JP 17819895 A JP17819895 A JP 17819895A JP H092178 A JPH092178 A JP H092178A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- shock
- shock absorbing
- rib body
- impact
- absorbing rib
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Vehicle Step Arrangements And Article Storage (AREA)
- Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、自動車内装部材の衝
撃吸収構造に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shock absorbing structure for an automobile interior member.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】図5に示す自動車のグローブボックス7
1、あるいはニープロテクタ(図示せず)等の自動車内
装部材にあっては、衝突時に乗員を保護するために衝撃
吸収構造を有するものがある。符号72はグローブボッ
クスの蓋(リッド)となる表面部材、73はグローブボ
ックスのインナーケースである。2. Description of the Related Art An automobile glove box 7 shown in FIG.
Some vehicle interior members such as 1 or a knee protector (not shown) have a shock absorbing structure to protect an occupant in the event of a collision. Reference numeral 72 is a surface member that serves as a lid of the glove box, and 73 is an inner case of the glove box.
【0003】前記自動車内装部材の衝撃吸収構造とし
て、図6に示すグローブボックスのように、表面部材7
2(蓋)の裏面に衝撃吸収リブ体74を配置したものが
提案されている。この衝撃吸収構造にあっては、図7に
示すように表面部材72の表側に乗員の身体の一部75
が衝突した際に、リブ76が押されて屈曲変形すること
により衝撃を吸収する。As a shock absorbing structure for the automobile interior member, a surface member 7 such as a glove box shown in FIG.
It is proposed that the shock absorbing rib body 74 is arranged on the back surface of the 2 (lid). In this shock absorbing structure, as shown in FIG. 7, a part of the occupant's body 75 is provided on the front side of the surface member 72.
When the collision occurs, the ribs 76 are pushed and bent and deformed to absorb the shock.
【0004】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、前記衝突時
には、通常自動車内装部材の一部に乗員の身体が衝突す
ることが多い。しかも、前記衝撃吸収リブ体74は、衝
撃により変形し易い材質で形成され、また、自動車内装
部材の表面部材72についても感触性などの点から比較
的柔らかくされることが多いため、図7のように衝突部
位と対応する部分およびその近辺のみが変形して衝撃を
吸収し、衝突部位から離れた部分については変形しない
恐れがある。さらに、衝突部位および衝撃方向等は一定
せず、あらかじめ衝突状態を予測してリブを形成するこ
とも難しく、衝撃吸収性が一定しない問題もある。By the way, at the time of the collision, the body of the occupant usually collides with a part of the interior member of the automobile. In addition, the impact absorbing rib body 74 is formed of a material that is easily deformed by impact, and the surface member 72 of the automobile interior member is often made relatively soft from the viewpoint of the feel and the like. As described above, only the portion corresponding to the collision site and its vicinity deform to absorb the impact, and the portion away from the collision site may not be deformed. Further, the collision site, the impact direction, etc. are not constant, it is difficult to predict the collision state in advance to form the ribs, and there is a problem that the impact absorbency is not constant.
【0005】そこでこの発明は、前記の問題を解決し、
優れた衝撃吸収性を発揮する自動車内装部材の衝撃吸収
構造を提供しようとするものである。Therefore, the present invention solves the above problems,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a shock absorbing structure for an automobile interior member that exhibits excellent shock absorbing properties.
【0006】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明は、自動車内装
部材の表面部材の裏面に衝撃吸収リブ体が配置された衝
撃吸収構造において、前記衝撃吸収リブ体の前記表面部
材側表面に該衝撃吸収リブ体よりも硬い材質からなる衝
撃分散板を設けたことを特徴とする。According to the present invention, there is provided a shock absorbing structure in which a shock absorbing rib body is arranged on a back surface of a front surface member of an automobile interior member. An impact dispersion plate made of a material harder than the rib body is provided.
【0007】[0007]
【作用】自動車内装部材の表面部材に、その表面の一部
を押す衝撃が加わると、前記表面部材を介して衝撃分散
板に衝撃が加わり、さらにその衝撃分散板を介して衝撃
吸収リブ体に衝撃が伝わる。その際、前記衝撃分散板は
衝撃吸収リブ体よりも硬い材質からなって変形し難いた
め、衝撃分散板全体に衝撃が分散し、該衝撃分散板全体
が衝撃吸収リブ体を押す。その結果、衝撃吸収リブ体全
体で衝撃を受けることになり、効率良く衝撃吸収がなさ
れる。When an impact that pushes a part of the surface is applied to the surface member of the automobile interior member, the impact is applied to the impact dispersion plate through the surface member, and further the impact absorption rib body is applied through the impact dispersion plate. The shock is transmitted. At this time, since the impact dispersion plate is made of a material harder than the impact absorption rib body and is not easily deformed, the impact is dispersed on the entire impact dispersion plate, and the entire impact dispersion plate pushes the impact absorption rib body. As a result, the entire shock absorbing rib body receives a shock, and the shock is efficiently absorbed.
【0008】また、衝撃分散板と衝撃吸収リブ体とが接
着または一体に成形されている場合には、衝撃分散板に
加わった衝撃がそのまま衝撃吸収リブ体に伝わることな
るため、衝撃吸収リブ体による衝撃吸収性がより良好と
なる。なお、衝撃吸収リブ体を、基板とその裏面に立設
されたリブとより構成し、当該基板に前記衝撃分散板を
埋設した場合も、前記衝撃分散板と衝撃吸収リブ体の接
着および一体成形の場合と同様の効果が得られる。Further, when the impact dispersion plate and the impact absorption rib body are bonded or integrally formed, the impact applied to the impact dispersion plate is directly transmitted to the impact absorption rib body, so that the impact absorption rib body is formed. The impact absorbency is improved. Even when the shock absorbing rib body is composed of a substrate and ribs provided upright on the back surface of the substrate and the shock dispersing plate is embedded in the substrate, the shock dispersing plate and the shock absorbing rib body are bonded and integrally molded. The same effect as in the case of is obtained.
【0009】[0009]
【実施例】以下添付の図面に従ってこの発明を詳細に説
明する。図1はこの発明の衝撃吸収構造を有するグロー
ブボックスの要部断面図、図2はその衝撃吸収時を示す
拡大断面図、図3は他の実施例に係るグローブボックス
の要部断面図、図4はさらに他の実施例に係るグローブ
ボックスの要部断面図である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 is a sectional view of a main part of a glove box having a shock absorbing structure according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing a shock absorbing state thereof, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a main part of a glove box according to another embodiment. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a glove box according to another embodiment.
【0010】図1に示すグローブボックスの衝撃吸収構
造は、蓋を構成する表面部材11の裏面側に衝撃分散板
21と衝撃吸収リブ体31が配置された構造からなる。
符号41はインナーケースである。The glove box shock absorbing structure shown in FIG. 1 has a structure in which a shock dispersing plate 21 and a shock absorbing rib body 31 are arranged on the back surface side of a surface member 11 constituting a lid.
Reference numeral 41 is an inner case.
【0011】蓋を構成する表面部材11は、硬質プラス
チック基材の表面にプラスチックシート等からなる表皮
が積層されたもの、あるいは前記基材と表皮間に発泡体
が介在するもの等、種々のものとされる。この表面部材
11は衝撃吸収リブ体31あるいはインナーケース41
に接着、あるいは図示しないボルト等の固着手段によっ
て取り付けられている。The surface member 11 constituting the lid has various materials such as a hard plastic base material on which a surface skin made of a plastic sheet or the like is laminated, or a foam material interposed between the base material and the surface skin. It is said that The surface member 11 is a shock absorbing rib body 31 or an inner case 41.
It is attached to or by fixing means such as bolts (not shown).
【0012】衝撃分散板21は、衝撃を分散させて衝撃
吸収リブ体31全体に衝撃が加わるようにするためのも
ので、衝撃吸収リブ体31の表面に接着されている。こ
の衝撃分散板21は、衝撃吸収リブ体31よりも硬い材
質からなって、自動車衝突時における乗員の衝突により
容易に変形しないものが好ましい。その材質としては、
繊維強化プラスチック、ポリカーボネート等のプラスチ
ック、鉄またはアルミニウム等の金属が挙げられる。ま
た、厚みについても、自動車衝突時における乗員の衝突
により変形しない厚みとするのが好ましい。前記プラス
チックからなる衝撃分散板21の例として、厚み2.5
mm、曲げ弾性率20000kg/cm2 、アイゾッド
衝撃強度20kg・cm/cmの無機質添加ポリプロピ
レンからなるもの、あるいは厚み2.5mm、曲げ弾性
率22000kg/cm2 、アイゾッド衝撃強度85k
g・cm/cmのポリカーボネートからなるものを挙げ
る。大きさについては後記する衝撃吸収リブ体31の基
板32と略等しくして、衝撃が衝撃吸収リブ体31のリ
ブ33の全てに伝わるようにするのが好ましい。The impact dispersion plate 21 is for adhering the impact to the entire impact absorbing rib body 31 by dispersing the impact and is adhered to the surface of the impact absorbing rib body 31. It is preferable that the impact dispersion plate 21 is made of a material harder than the impact absorption rib body 31 and is not easily deformed by a collision of an occupant during a vehicle collision. As its material,
Examples thereof include fiber reinforced plastics, plastics such as polycarbonate, and metals such as iron and aluminum. In addition, it is preferable that the thickness is such that it is not deformed due to the collision of an occupant during a vehicle collision. As an example of the impact dispersion plate 21 made of the plastic, a thickness of 2.5
mm, flexural modulus 20000 kg / cm 2 , Izod impact strength 20 kg · cm / cm, made of inorganic-added polypropylene, or thickness 2.5 mm, flexural modulus 22000 kg / cm 2 , Izod impact strength 85 k
The thing which consists of polycarbonate of g * cm / cm is mentioned. It is preferable that the size is substantially equal to that of the substrate 32 of the shock absorbing rib body 31 described later so that the shock is transmitted to all the ribs 33 of the shock absorbing rib body 31.
【0013】なお、この実施例の衝撃分散板21は、衝
撃吸収リブ体31と前記表面部材11間に配置されたも
の、あるいは前記表面部材11裏面に接着あるいは一体
とされたものでもよいが、この実施例のように、衝撃吸
収リブ体31に接着されたものや、後記するように、衝
撃吸収リブ体表面に一体に成形されたもの、あるいは衝
撃吸収リブ体に埋設されたものが好ましい。前記接着
は、ホットメルト接着剤あるいは接着テープ等の公知の
接着手段でなされる。The impact dispersion plate 21 of this embodiment may be disposed between the impact absorbing rib body 31 and the surface member 11, or may be adhered or integrated with the back surface of the surface member 11. As in this embodiment, it is preferable that it is adhered to the shock absorbing rib body 31, as will be described later, integrally molded on the surface of the shock absorbing rib body, or embedded in the shock absorbing rib body. The adhesion is performed by a known adhesion means such as a hot melt adhesive or an adhesive tape.
【0014】衝撃吸収リブ体31は、基板32とその裏
面に立設されたリブ33とよりなるプラスチック製のも
ので、前記基板32を表面部材11の裏面側として配置
され、前記リブ33の屈曲変形により衝撃を吸収する。
この衝撃吸収リブ体31は、前記表面部材11に加わる
衝撃によりリブ33が屈曲変形し易い材質からなる。こ
の実施例では、曲げ弾性率が6000kg/cm2 のポ
リプロピレンからなり、また、基板32およびリブ33
の厚みが1.0mmからなる。なお、この実施例の衝撃
吸収リブ体31は、前記表面部材11とインナーケース
41間に挟持されているが、インナーケース41にフッ
ク等の取り付け手段で固定してもよい。The shock absorbing rib body 31 is made of plastic and comprises a substrate 32 and ribs 33 provided upright on the rear surface thereof. The impact absorbing rib body 31 is arranged with the substrate 32 on the rear surface side of the surface member 11, and the ribs 33 are bent. Absorbs shock by deformation.
The impact absorbing rib body 31 is made of a material in which the rib 33 is easily bent and deformed by an impact applied to the surface member 11. In this embodiment, the bending elastic modulus is 6000 kg / cm 2 and is made of polypropylene.
Has a thickness of 1.0 mm. Although the shock absorbing rib body 31 of this embodiment is sandwiched between the surface member 11 and the inner case 41, it may be fixed to the inner case 41 by a mounting means such as a hook.
【0015】インナーケース41は、物品収納部とされ
るもので、上部が開口42した容器状となっている。こ
のインナーケース41は、車体の一部に固定される。The inner case 41 is used as an article storage section and has a container shape with an opening 42 at the top. The inner case 41 is fixed to a part of the vehicle body.
【0016】前記構造のグローブボックスは、その蓋を
構成する表面部材11に衝撃が加わると、前記表面部材
11裏側の硬い衝撃分散板21を介して衝撃吸収リブ体
31のリブ33に衝撃が加わり、それにより該リブ33
が屈曲変形して衝撃を吸収する。その際、図2のよう
に、表面部材11の一部に衝撃が加わった場合でも、そ
の衝撃が衝撃分散板21全体に分散して該衝撃分散板2
1と接する衝撃吸収リブ体31の基板32全体に伝わ
り、基板32裏面のリブ33の全てによって衝撃を吸収
できるので、優れた衝撃吸収効果が得られる。なお、符
号43は身体の一部である。In the glove box having the above structure, when a shock is applied to the surface member 11 forming the lid of the glove box, a shock is applied to the rib 33 of the shock absorbing rib body 31 through the hard shock dispersion plate 21 on the back side of the surface member 11. , Thereby the rib 33
Bends and deforms to absorb the shock. At that time, as shown in FIG. 2, even if a shock is applied to a part of the surface member 11, the shock is dispersed over the shock dispersion plate 21 and the shock dispersion plate 2
Since the shock absorbing rib body 31 that is in contact with 1 is transmitted to the entire substrate 32 and all the ribs 33 on the back surface of the substrate 32 can absorb the shock, an excellent shock absorbing effect can be obtained. Reference numeral 43 is a part of the body.
【0017】図3に示す他の実施例のグローブボックス
は、衝撃分散板51を、衝撃吸収リブ体52の基板53
の表面に一体に成形したものである。すなわち、衝撃分
散板51をインサートとして配置した型を用いて衝撃吸
収リブ体52を射出成形等で成形したものである。54
はリブ、55は蓋を構成する表面部材、56はインナー
ケースである。In the glove box of another embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the impact dispersion plate 51 is replaced with the substrate 53 of the impact absorption rib body 52.
It is molded integrally on the surface of. That is, the impact absorbing rib body 52 is formed by injection molding or the like using a mold in which the impact dispersion plate 51 is arranged as an insert. 54
Is a rib, 55 is a surface member forming a lid, and 56 is an inner case.
【0018】図4に示すさらに他の実施例のグローブボ
ックスは、公知のサンドイッチ成形により衝撃分散板5
7を衝撃吸収リブ体58の基板59内に埋設したもので
ある。60はリブ、61は蓋を構成する表面部材、62
はインナーケースである。A glove box according to still another embodiment shown in FIG. 4 has an impact dispersion plate 5 formed by known sandwich molding.
7 is embedded in the substrate 59 of the shock absorbing rib body 58. Reference numeral 60 is a rib, 61 is a surface member constituting a lid, and 62 is a surface member.
Is the inner case.
【0019】なお、前記においてはグローブボックスの
例について示したが、この発明の衝撃吸収構造はグロー
ブボックスに限られず、インストルメントパネル、ニー
プロテクタ、ドアトリム、アームレスト等種々の自動車
内装部材に適用されるものである。Although an example of a glove box has been shown above, the shock absorbing structure of the present invention is not limited to a glove box, but is applied to various automobile interior members such as instrument panels, knee protectors, door trims, armrests and the like. It is a thing.
【0020】[0020]
【発明の効果】以上図示し説明したように、この発明の
衝撃吸収構造によれば、自動車内装部材の表面部材の一
部に衝撃が加わった場合でも、衝撃吸収リブ体のリブ全
体で衝撃を吸収でき、常に安定した、かつ優れた衝撃吸
収効果が得られる。As shown and described above, according to the shock absorbing structure of the present invention, even when a shock is applied to a part of the surface member of the automobile interior member, the shock absorbing rib body as a whole absorbs the shock. It can be absorbed and is always stable, and an excellent shock absorbing effect can be obtained.
【図1】この発明の衝撃吸収構造を有するグローブボッ
クスの要部断面図である。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an essential part of a glove box having a shock absorbing structure according to the present invention.
【図2】その衝撃吸収時を示す拡大断面図である。FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the impact absorption.
【図3】他の実施例に係るグローブボックスの要部断面
図である。FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a main part of a glove box according to another embodiment.
【図4】さらに他の実施例に係るグローブボックスの要
部断面図である。FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a main part of a glove box according to another embodiment.
【図5】グローブボックスの一例を示す斜視図である。FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of a glove box.
【図6】従来の衝撃吸収構造を有するグローブボックス
の断面図である。FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a glove box having a conventional shock absorbing structure.
【図7】従来の衝撃吸収構造による衝撃吸収時を示す拡
大断面図である。である。FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing shock absorption by a conventional shock absorption structure. It is.
11 自動車内装部材の表面部材 21 衝撃分散板 31 衝撃吸収リブ体 32 基板 33 リブ 11 Surface member of automobile interior member 21 Impact dispersion plate 31 Impact absorption rib body 32 Substrate 33 Rib
Claims (4)
吸収リブ体が配置された衝撃吸収構造において、前記衝
撃吸収リブ体の前記表面部材側に該衝撃吸収リブ体より
も硬い材質からなる衝撃分散板を設けたことを特徴とす
る自動車内装部材の衝撃吸収構造。1. A shock absorbing structure in which a shock absorbing rib body is arranged on a back surface of a front surface member of an automobile interior member, and a shock made of a material harder than the shock absorbing rib body on the surface member side of the shock absorbing rib body. A shock absorbing structure for an automobile interior member, which is provided with a dispersion plate.
動車内装部材の表面部材の裏面側に位置する基板と、該
基板の前記表面部材とは反対側の裏面に立設されたリブ
とよりなって、前記基板の表面に衝撃分散板を設けたこ
とを特徴とする自動車内装部材の衝撃吸収構造。2. The board according to claim 1, wherein the shock absorbing rib body is located on the back surface side of the front surface member of the automobile interior member, and a rib provided upright on the back surface of the board opposite to the front surface member. A shock absorbing structure for an automobile interior member, characterized in that a shock dispersion plate is provided on the surface of the substrate.
と衝撃吸収リブ体とが接着または一体に成形されている
ことを特徴とする自動車内装部材の衝撃吸収構造。3. The shock absorbing structure for an automobile interior member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the shock dispersing plate and the shock absorbing rib body are bonded or integrally molded.
収リブ体の基板内に埋設されていることを特徴とする自
動車内装部材の衝撃吸収構造。4. The shock absorbing structure for an automobile interior member according to claim 2, wherein the shock dispersion plate is embedded in the substrate of the shock absorbing rib body.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP7178198A JPH092178A (en) | 1995-06-20 | 1995-06-20 | Shock absorbing structure of automobile interior member |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP7178198A JPH092178A (en) | 1995-06-20 | 1995-06-20 | Shock absorbing structure of automobile interior member |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH092178A true JPH092178A (en) | 1997-01-07 |
Family
ID=16044304
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP7178198A Pending JPH092178A (en) | 1995-06-20 | 1995-06-20 | Shock absorbing structure of automobile interior member |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH092178A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001044679A1 (en) | 1999-12-17 | 2001-06-21 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Impact energy absorbing member |
JP2008087669A (en) * | 2006-10-03 | 2008-04-17 | Hayashi Engineering Inc | Shock absorbing structure for vehicle |
WO2012063508A1 (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2012-05-18 | トヨタ車体株式会社 | Console box device for vehicle |
-
1995
- 1995-06-20 JP JP7178198A patent/JPH092178A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001044679A1 (en) | 1999-12-17 | 2001-06-21 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Impact energy absorbing member |
US6591949B2 (en) | 1999-12-17 | 2003-07-15 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Impact energy absorbing member |
JP2008087669A (en) * | 2006-10-03 | 2008-04-17 | Hayashi Engineering Inc | Shock absorbing structure for vehicle |
WO2012063508A1 (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2012-05-18 | トヨタ車体株式会社 | Console box device for vehicle |
JP2012101632A (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2012-05-31 | Toyota Auto Body Co Ltd | Vehicle console box device |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6158771A (en) | Honeycomb crash pad | |
US5311960A (en) | Two piece multifunctional composite structural cross vehicular beam | |
US5071162A (en) | Knee bolster | |
US5580116A (en) | Trim component having energy absorbing feature | |
JPH1059107A (en) | Instrument panel with air bag door | |
JP3722406B2 (en) | Vehicle armrest | |
JPH092178A (en) | Shock absorbing structure of automobile interior member | |
US6142522A (en) | Knee protection device in a motor vehicle | |
JPH0761310A (en) | Lid material for air bag device | |
JP2004525811A (en) | Rear door of automobile with bumper structure | |
JP2914598B2 (en) | Car door trim | |
JP2969051B2 (en) | Automotive interior parts | |
JP2006232096A (en) | Interior equipped with air bag door part | |
JPH0885339A (en) | Interior part for automobile | |
JP5033514B2 (en) | Automotive interior parts | |
US20050269829A1 (en) | Dual function under-hood liner | |
JPH11139232A (en) | Arm rest structure for automobile | |
JPH07187008A (en) | Impact absorbing structure of automobile roof | |
JP3498472B2 (en) | Armrests for vehicle doors | |
JP3202486B2 (en) | Automotive trim | |
JPH1148888A (en) | Interior parts for automobile | |
JP2513499Y2 (en) | Automotive new protector | |
JP3195127B2 (en) | Car occupant protection equipment | |
JP2004306852A (en) | Interior part for automobile | |
JP2000177517A (en) | Interior equipment for automobile |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20040618 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20040713 |
|
RD04 | Notification of resignation of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7424 Effective date: 20040714 |
|
A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20041207 |