JPH09210843A - Method and apparatus for measurement of wind velocity - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To measure a wind velocity at low costs by using an apparatus which is easy to handle. SOLUTION: Water is supplied to every sensor 4 from a tank 22 through a pipe 6. Cloth is mounted on, and attached to, the tip of every sensor 4, and the water is absorbed by the cloth. When an air current is generated, the water which is absorbed by the cloth is evaporated, and, as a result, a water level inside the tank 22 is lowered. Water is supplied properly to the tank through a water supply pipe 28 by the action of a float 36 and that of a valve 34, and the water level is kept constant. Then, a flowmeter 10 measures the flow rate of the water flowing in the water supply pipe 28 so as to output its signal to a personal computer 12. The personal computer integrates the flow rate so as to find an evaporation amount, and a wind velocity is found on the basis of the evaporation amount by using a conversion table.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for measuring wind speed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, when investigating what the surrounding wind environment looks like when a structure is blown to a building or the like, a model of the structure and its surrounding area is created and the model is created. Is placed in the wind tunnel, and the wind speed is measured at various points on the model to collect data for wind environment evaluation.

In such a wind tunnel experiment, the wind speed is measured using the following various anemometers. (1) Pitot tube: The principle is to measure the pressure (dynamic pressure) of air and convert the measured pressure to the wind speed. (2) Hot wire anemometer: Heat is applied to an extremely thin metal wire, and the amount of heat lost when the wind blows is converted into wind speed to obtain the wind speed. (3) Thermistor anemometer: The principle is basically the same as the hot wire anemometer. However, while the hot-wire anemometer has a strong directivity, the thermistor anemometer solves the problem of directivity by making the heat-sensitive part spherical. (4) Ultrasonic anemometer: The wind speed is obtained by utilizing the fact that the arrival time of ultrasonic waves changes depending on the wind speed. (5) Laser anemometer: Measure the number of tracers (suspended matter) passing per unit time at the intersection of two lasers to obtain the wind speed.

[0004]

However, all of these anemometers are expensive. For example, a pitot tube anemometer requires a pressure transducer to measure the pressure of air, but the pressure transducer is very expensive. Further, in the hot-wire anemometer, the sensor part made of a metal wire is relatively low in price, but the voltage amplifier for amplifying the signal from the sensor part is expensive. The thermistor anemometer includes a thermistor sensor section and a voltage amplifier that amplifies a signal from the sensor section, but both are expensive. Both the ultrasonic anemometer and the laser anemometer consist of a combination of a sensor unit and an amplifier, but both are extremely expensive.

When conducting a wind tunnel experiment, anemometers are arranged at a large number of measurement points (usually 100 points or more) to save labor, and the wind speed at each measurement point is measured at the same time. , An anemometer must be placed at each measuring point,
Many anemometers are needed. Therefore, the wind tunnel experiment is extremely expensive as a whole.

Further, the hot-wire anemometer and the thermistor anemometer change drastically over time. Therefore, in order to measure the anemometer, it is necessary to measure the output voltage of the anemometer under a known anemometer and calibrate each time. There is. Therefore, there is a drawback that the wind tunnel experiment takes time. In addition, the hot-wire anemometer and thermistor anemometer have weak mechanical strength and are easily broken,
Careful handling is required. For example, when placing the heat ray anemometer at the measurement point of the model, if the hand touches the anemometer or a part of the model touches the anemometer, the heat ray anemometer easily cuts the heat ray part, Replacement is required. Therefore, also in this respect, the cost is high and it is troublesome.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a wind speed measuring method and device capable of measuring the wind speed at low cost with an easily handled device.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the wind velocity measuring method of the present invention comprises a liquid holding step of holding a liquid at a position where the wind velocity is to be measured while the surface is exposed to the air flow. It is characterized by including a measurement step of measuring the evaporation amount of the liquid and a conversion step of converting the measurement result of the evaporation amount into a wind speed.

The present invention is also characterized in that, in the liquid holding step, the liquid is impregnated into a fibrous member or a porous member and held. The present invention is also characterized in that the fibrous member is cloth or felt or paper. The present invention is also characterized in that, in the measuring step, the liquid is supplied so that the amount of the liquid held in the liquid holding step is constant, and the supply amount of the liquid is measured as an evaporation amount of the liquid. To do. The present invention is also characterized in that, in the measuring step, the supply amount of the liquid is measured by a flow meter. The present invention is also characterized in that the liquid is water or a volatile liquid.

In order to achieve the above object, the wind velocity measuring device of the present invention holds a liquid holding means for holding a liquid in a state where its surface is exposed to an air flow, a pipe for supplying the liquid to the liquid holding means, and the liquid. It is characterized by including a measuring means for measuring an evaporation amount of the liquid held by the holding means, and a converting means for converting a measurement result of the evaporation amount by the measuring means into a wind speed.

The present invention is also characterized in that the liquid holding means is composed of a fibrous member or a porous member. In the present invention, the measuring means controls the tank for storing the liquid and supplying the liquid to the pipe, the liquid supplying means for supplying the liquid to the tank, and the tank by controlling the liquid supplying means. And a liquid amount measuring device for measuring the amount of the liquid supplied by the liquid supply device as the evaporation amount of the liquid.

According to the present invention, the liquid supply means includes a second pipe for supplying the liquid, and the level adjusting means comprises:
It is characterized by including a valve mounted on the second pipe, and a float arranged in the tank to open and close the valve by detecting a level of the liquid.

The present invention is also characterized in that the liquid amount measuring means includes a flow meter for measuring the flow rate of the liquid in the second pipe.

In the wind velocity measuring method of the present invention, in the liquid holding step, the liquid is held at the location where the wind speed is to be measured with the surface exposed to the air flow, and the evaporation amount of the liquid is measured in the measuring step. Then, in the conversion step, the measurement result of the evaporation amount is converted into the wind speed. Further, in the wind velocity measuring device of the present invention, the liquid holding means holds the liquid supplied through the pipe in a state where the surface thereof is exposed to the air flow, and the measuring means evaporates the liquid held by the liquid holding means. Measure the quantity. Then, the conversion means converts the measurement result of the evaporation amount by the measurement means into a wind speed.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a wind speed measuring device according to the present invention. This wind velocity measuring device measures the wind velocity based on the wind velocity measuring method of the present invention, and one embodiment of the wind velocity measuring method of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.

The wind velocity measuring device 2 includes a sensor 4, a pipe 6,
Tank 8, flow meter 10, personal computer 12
(Hereinafter, also referred to as a personal computer 12) and the like. The sensor 4 has a structure shown in detail in FIG. That is, the opening at the tip of the upright pipe 14 is closed by the cloth 16, and the cloth 16 is closed by the ring 18.
4 is fixed. Then, water is appropriately supplied through the pipe 6, and the cloth 16 absorbs water and is kept in a wet state. As a result, the water absorbed by the cloth 16 is retained with its surface exposed to the air flow.

These sensors 4 are the wind tunnel 20 in this embodiment.
Inside, it is arranged at each place where the wind speed should be measured. The sensor 4 is attachable to and detachable from the pipe 6 at the end of the pipe 14, and the position where the wind velocity measurement is required (2 in FIG. 1).
The wind speed can be measured by attaching the pipe 14 to the pipe 6 only at the location).

Water 22 is stored in the tank 8 and is led to the pipe 14 forming the sensor 4 through the pipe 6. Valves 24 and 26 are arranged in the middle of the pipe 6, and each sensor 4
The supply of water 22 to the can be controlled. Valves 24 are for controlling the supply of water 22 to all sensors 4, while valves 26 are for controlling the supply of water 22 individually to each sensor 4.

The water level in the tank 8 is controlled to always be at the same height as the tip of the sensor 4 so that the cloth 16 of the sensor 4 is always supplied with an appropriate amount of water 22. Water 22 is supplied to the tank 8 through a water supply pipe 28 (second pipe according to the present invention), and the water supply pipe 28 has a valve 34.
Is attached. And the float 3 in the tank 8
6 is provided, and the float 36 is connected to the valve 34 by the arm 30 so that the valve 36 opens and closes when the float 36 moves up and down. Therefore, when the water level is lowered and the float 36 is lowered, the valve 34 is opened and the water 22 is supplied into the tank 8, and as a result, the water level rises. Then, when the water level rises to the required level, the valve 34 is closed as the float 36 rises, and the tank 8
The supply of water 22 into the interior is stopped. By such control, the water level in the tank 8 is always kept at the same height as the tip of the sensor 4. The valve 34 and the float 36 constitute the level adjusting means according to the present invention. The flowmeter 10 (the liquid amount measuring means according to the present invention) is integrated with the valve 34, and the water 22 supplied into the tank 8 through the water supply pipe 28 is supplied.
PC 1 to measure the flow rate of the
Output to 2.

The personal computer 12 holds a conversion table for converting the evaporation amount of water within a fixed time into the wind speed.
Then, the flow rate of water is acquired from the electric signal from the flow meter 10, and the evaporation amount of water within the fixed time is obtained by integrating the flow rate, and the wind speed is obtained from the evaporation amount based on the conversion table. The result is CRT monitor screen 32
To be displayed.

The conversion table for converting the evaporation amount into the wind speed is the water 2 within a fixed time under various known wind speeds.
It is created by measuring the amount of evaporation of No. 2 and associating the data of the wind speed with the amount of evaporation, and storing it in a hard disk of the personal computer 12, for example.

The flow meter 10 and the personal computer 12 constitute the liquid amount measuring means according to the present invention, and the personal computer 12 also constitutes the converting means according to the present invention. Then, the tank 8, the water supply pipe 28, the valve 34, the flow meter 10, the float 3
6. The personal computer 12 constitutes the measuring means according to the present invention.

Next, the operation of the wind speed measuring device 2 thus constructed will be described. First, of the plurality of valves 26, one sensor 4 arranged at a position where the wind speed should be measured.
The valve 26 for supplying water to the valve is opened and the other valves 26 are closed. In addition, the valve 24 that controls the supply of water to all the sensors 4 is opened. As a result, water is supplied from the tank 8 to the one sensor 4 through the pipe 6,
The cloth 16 at the tip of the sensor 4 absorbs water and becomes wet.

When an air flow is generated inside the wind tunnel 20 in the direction of arrow A, for example, the water absorbed in the cloth 16 at the tip of the sensor 4 is accelerated by the air flow. The speed of evaporation corresponds to the speed of the air flow, and the higher the speed of the air flow, that is, the higher the wind speed, the faster the speed of evaporation.

As a result of such water evaporation, the water level in the tank 8 is lowered, but when this water level is lowered,
Accordingly, the float 36 also descends, so that the valve 34 is opened and the water 22 is supplied into the tank 8 through the water supply pipe 28. Then, when the water level rises to a required level, the valve 34 is closed as the float 36 rises, and the supply of the water 22 into the tank 8 is stopped. By such control, the water level in the tank 8 is always kept at the same height as the tip of the sensor 4. Therefore, the cloth 16 at the tip of the sensor 4
Is always properly wet.

On the other hand, the flow meter 10 measures the flow rate of water supplied through the water supply pipe 28 and outputs an electric signal representing the measurement result to the personal computer 12. The personal computer 12 is the flow meter 10
The amount of water supplied to the sensor 4 is obtained within a certain period of time by acquiring the flow rate of water from the electric signal from the above and integrating it. This amount of water is the amount of water evaporated in the sensor 4 within the fixed time, and the personal computer 1
2 calculates the wind speed from this evaporation amount based on the conversion table, and displays the result on the screen 32 of the CRT monitor.

When the measurement of the wind speed by one sensor 4 is completed, the valve 26 is operated to stop the supply of water to the sensor 4 and another wind sensor is placed at a position where the measurement of the wind speed is not yet performed. Water is supplied to the sensor 4. As a result, the wind speed can be measured in the sensor 4 supplied with water in the same manner as in the above case.

Further, when all the valves 26 of the pipes to which the sensors 4 are attached are opened, water is evaporated in all the sensors 4, and therefore the amount of water supplied to the tank 22 in all the sensors 4 is increased. It reflects the amount of evaporation of. Therefore, it is possible to measure an average wind speed by opening all the valves 26.

As described above, in the wind velocity measuring device 2 of this embodiment, since the sensor portion is composed of the pipe 14 and the cloth 16, it is extremely inexpensive, durable and easy to handle. Also, the flow meter 10, the tank 8, the personal computer 12
Equipment such as is required, but these are many sensors 4
Even when using, only one set needs to be provided, and the wind tunnel experiment can be performed at low cost. Although the cloth 16 is attached to the tip of the tube 14 in the present embodiment, it is also possible to use felt or paper as the same fiber material. In addition, as the one that can absorb the water 22 and effectively hold it,
It is also possible to use a porous member such as a sponge.

Furthermore, it is effective to use a volatile liquid such as alcohol in addition to water as the liquid to be soaked in the cloth. In this case, the amount of evaporation is greater than that of water and the amount of evaporation is large within a certain period of time, so even a slight change in the wind speed causes a large change in the amount of evaporation, making it possible to perform highly sensitive wind speed measurement.

[0031]

As described above, in the wind velocity measuring method of the present invention, in the liquid holding step, the liquid is held at the place where the wind speed is to be measured while the surface is exposed to the air flow, and the liquid is evaporated in the measuring step. Measure the quantity. Then, in the conversion step, the measurement result of the evaporation amount is converted into the wind speed.

Further, in the wind velocity measuring device of the present invention, the liquid holding means holds the liquid supplied through the pipe with its surface exposed to the air flow, and the measuring means is held by the liquid holding means. Measure the evaporation of liquid. Then, the conversion means converts the measurement result of the evaporation amount by the measurement means into a wind speed.

Therefore, in the present invention, the sensor portion can be constituted by, for example, a cloth or a tube, is extremely inexpensive, is strong, and is easy to handle. Further, although evaporation amount measuring means and conversion means are required, only one set needs to be provided even when the wind speeds are simultaneously measured at a large number of places, so that a wind tunnel experiment can be performed at low cost. it can.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a wind speed measuring device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing in detail a sensor that constitutes the wind velocity measuring device of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Wind speed measuring device 4 Sensor 6, 14 tube 8 Tank 10 Flow meter 12 Personal computer 16 Cloth 18 Ring 20 Wind tunnel 22 Water 24, 26, 34 Valve 28 Water supply pipe 30 Arm 32 Screen 36 Float

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A liquid holding step of holding a liquid in a state where a surface is exposed to an air flow at a position where a wind speed is to be measured, a measuring step of measuring an evaporation amount of the liquid, and a measurement result of the evaporation amount being a wind speed. A method for measuring wind speed, comprising: a conversion step for converting to. 2. The wind velocity measuring method according to claim 1, wherein in the liquid holding step, the liquid is impregnated into a fibrous member or a porous member and held. 3. The wind velocity measuring method according to claim 2, wherein the fibrous member is cloth, felt, or paper. 4. The measuring step, wherein the liquid is supplied so that the amount of the liquid held in the liquid holding step is constant, and the amount of the liquid supplied is measured as the evaporation amount of the liquid. Wind speed measurement method. 5. The wind velocity measuring method according to claim 1, wherein, in the measuring step, the supply amount of the liquid is measured by a flow meter. 6. The wind velocity measuring method according to claim 1, wherein the liquid is water or a volatile liquid. 7. A liquid holding means for holding a liquid in a state where its surface is exposed to an air flow, a pipe for supplying the liquid to the liquid holding means, and an evaporation amount of the liquid held by the liquid holding means is measured. A wind speed measuring device, comprising: a measuring unit for converting the measurement result of the evaporation amount by the measuring unit into a wind speed. 8. The wind speed measuring device according to claim 7, wherein the liquid holding means is constituted by a fibrous member or a porous member. 9. The measuring means controls a tank for storing the liquid and supplying the liquid to the pipe, a liquid supplying means for supplying the liquid to the tank, and a tank for controlling the liquid supplying means. The level adjusting means for keeping the level of the liquid in the inside constant, and the liquid amount measuring means for measuring the amount of the liquid supplied by the liquid supply means as the evaporation amount of the liquid. Wind speed measuring device. 10. The liquid supply means includes a second pipe for supplying the liquid, and the level adjusting means includes a valve attached to the second pipe and the liquid arranged in the tank. 10. The wind speed measuring device according to claim 9, further comprising: a float for detecting the level of the valve and opening and closing the valve. 11. The liquid quantity measuring means includes a flow meter for measuring the flow rate of the liquid in the second pipe.
The wind speed measuring device described.