JPH09210408A - Heat pump type air conditioning equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perfom a defrosting operation with a simple construction by heat exchanging a heating medium in a low temperature side with a heating medium in a high temperature side during the defrosting operation of an outdoor heat exchanger. SOLUTION: When a detecting signal S1 from a defrosting detection sensor 310 is outputted to a controller 311, a switching signal S2 is outputted to a four-way valve 61 from the controller 311. The four-way valve 61 is gwitched as shown by a solid line. A heating medium is successively circulated from a low temperature heat exchanger 8, a pipeline 21, the four-way valve 61, a pipeline 22, an indoor heat exchanger 201, a pipeline 23, a four-way valve 62, a pipeline 24, an intermediate temperature heat exchanger 6, a pipeline 35, an interemediate temperature heat exchanger 5, a pipeline 31, the four-way valve 61, a pipeline 32, an outdoor heat exchanger 301, a pipeline 33, the four- way valve 62, a pipeline 34 and the low temperature heat exchanger 8. That is, hot water is mixed with cold water and the mixture is circulated. When the mixture of the hot water and cold water is circulated, a hot heating medium flows in the outdoor heat exchanger 301, so that the outdoor heat exchanger 301 is defrosted.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a heat pump type cooling / heating device having a heat source unit.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a heat source unit having a low temperature heat exchanger and a medium temperature heat exchanger is provided, and a heat medium exchanged through the low temperature heat exchanger and the medium temperature heat exchanger of the heat source unit is used as an outdoor heat exchanger. A heat pump type cooling and heating device for cooling and heating a room to be conditioned by circulating it through an exchanger and an indoor heat exchanger is known. In this type, the outdoor heat exchanger is usually frosted when the outside air during heating operation is low. In such a case, conventionally, a hot water line is separately provided in the outdoor heat exchanger and hot water is supplied to the hot water line for defrosting, or an electric heater is provided to energize the electric heater for defrosting. Target.

[0003]

However, if the outdoor heat exchanger is additionally provided with a hot water line or an electric heater, there is a problem that the manufacturing cost is increased accordingly.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide a heat pump type cooling and heating apparatus capable of defrosting operation with a simple structure.

[0005]

According to the first aspect of the present invention,
A heat source machine having a low temperature heat exchanger and a medium temperature heat exchanger,
In a heat pump type heating and cooling device for heating and cooling the room to be conditioned by circulating the heat medium that is heat-exchanged through the low-temperature heat exchanger and the medium-temperature heat exchanger of the heat source device to the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger. During the defrosting operation of the outdoor heat exchanger,
It is characterized in that a means for exchanging heat between the low temperature side heat medium and the high temperature side heat medium is provided.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat source device having a low temperature heat exchanger and an intermediate temperature heat exchanger, and a heat medium exchanged through the low temperature heat exchanger and the intermediate temperature heat exchanger of the heat source device is provided. In the heat pump type cooling and heating device that cools and heats the room to be conditioned by circulating it to the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger, during the defrosting operation of the outdoor heat exchanger, the low temperature heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger It is characterized in that a means for connecting the medium temperature heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger in series is provided.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, a heat source device having a low temperature heat exchanger and an intermediate temperature heat exchanger is provided, and a heat medium exchanged through the low temperature heat exchanger and the intermediate temperature heat exchanger of the heat source device is provided. , An outdoor heat exchanger, and a heat pump type cooling and heating apparatus that cools and heats a room to be conditioned by circulating it to an indoor heat exchanger, a low temperature heat medium returning to a low temperature heat exchanger and a high temperature heat medium returning to a medium temperature heat exchanger. A heat exchanger between heat mediums for exchanging heat between the heat mediums is provided, and a means for operating the heat exchangers between heat mediums is provided during defrosting operation of the outdoor heat exchanger.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat source device having a low temperature heat exchanger and an intermediate temperature heat exchanger, and a heat medium exchanged through the low temperature heat exchanger and the intermediate temperature heat exchanger of the heat source device is provided. In a heat pump type cooling and heating apparatus that cools and heats a room to be conditioned by circulating it to an outdoor heat exchanger and an indoor heat exchanger, a low temperature heat medium sent from a low temperature heat exchanger and a high temperature heat medium sent from an intermediate temperature heat exchanger. A heat exchanger between heat medium for exchanging heat between the heat exchanger and the heat exchanger for heat medium is provided, and means for operating the heat exchanger for heat medium is provided during defrosting operation of the outdoor heat exchanger.

The present invention as defined in claim 5 is any one of claims 1 to 4.
In the method described in (1) above, a means for stopping the fan of the outdoor heat exchanger or reducing the rotational speed of the fan is provided during the defrosting operation of the outdoor heat exchanger.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a cold / hot water supply circuit constituting an air conditioner which is an embodiment of a heat pump type cooling / heating apparatus. In this circuit, a hot gas engine 1 utilizing the Wilmier cycle is used as a heat source machine.

The Vilmier cycle hot gas engine 1 itself is known, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. However, a high temperature side piston 2 and a low temperature side piston 3 which are arranged orthogonal to each other are provided, and these are working gases such as helium. It is stored in a container enclosing. Inside the container is a high temperature room 12 and a medium greenhouse 1.
It is divided into 3 and 14 and a low temperature chamber 15. Moreover, it has the heater 16, and the heater 16 is heated by the combustor 11.

When the high temperature side piston 2 reaches an intermediate position toward the top dead center,
The low temperature side piston 3 is connected through a crank 10 driven by a motor 9 so that the low temperature side piston 3 can be operated out of phase with each other by 90 ° C. such as reaching the right dead center. When the high temperature side piston 2 and the low temperature side piston 3 operate, the enclosed working gas moves through the high temperature regenerator 4 and the low temperature regenerator 7 and is heated when passing through these regenerators 4 and 7. The working gas is pressurized or depressurized by being heated or cooled. For example, when the working gas in the high temperature chamber 12 moves to the middle temperature chamber 13 through the high temperature regenerator 4, the working gas stores heat in the high temperature regenerator 4. Further, when the working gas returns from the high-temperature regenerator 4 to the high-temperature chamber 12, the heat stored in the high-temperature regenerator 4 is returned to the working gas.

The heat exchange with the outside is performed by the medium temperature heat exchangers 5 and 6 connected to the medium greenhouse and the low temperature heat exchanger 8 connected to the low temperature chamber. For example, the heater 16 gives heat to the working gas in the high temperature chamber 12, the working gases in the middle greenhouses 13 and 14 radiate heat in the middle temperature heat exchangers 5 and 6, and the low temperature chamber 1 also.
The working gas 5 absorbs heat in the low temperature heat exchanger 8.

That is, the low temperature heat exchanger 8 constitutes the heat absorbing portion of the main hot gas engine 1, and the medium temperature heat exchangers 5 and 6 constitute the heat radiating portion of the main heat gas engine 1.

According to this embodiment, an air conditioner 100 is provided which uses the low temperature heat exchanger (heat absorbing part) 8 and the intermediate temperature heat exchangers (heat radiating parts) 5 and 6 of the hot gas engine 1. It The air conditioner 100 includes a hot gas engine 1 and an indoor unit 2
00 and the outdoor unit 300. An indoor heat exchanger 201 is arranged inside the indoor unit 200, and an outdoor heat exchanger 300 is arranged inside the outdoor unit 300. Reference numeral 203 is an indoor fan, and 303 is an outdoor fan. The low temperature heat exchanger (heat absorbing part) 8 and the indoor heat exchanger 201 are provided with a pipe 21 and a four-way valve 61.
To the indoor heat exchanger 200.
And the low temperature heat exchanger (heat absorbing part) 8 are connected to the pipe line 23 and the four-way valve 62.
And a pipe line 24.

The intermediate temperature heat exchanger (radiator) 5 and the outdoor heat exchanger 301 are connected by a pipe 31, a four-way valve 61 and a pipe 32, and the outdoor heat exchanger 301 and the intermediate heat exchanger (radiator). ) 6 is connected by a conduit 33, a four-way valve 62 and a conduit 34. Further, the intermediate temperature heat exchangers (heat radiation parts) 5 and 6 are connected by a pipe line 35. For example, water is used as the heat medium circulating in the pipeline.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. During the cooling operation, the hot gas engine 1 is activated by the ignition of the combustor 11, and heat is radiated from the medium temperature heat exchangers (heat radiating portions) 5 and 6, and the low temperature heat exchanger (heat absorbing portion) 8 is absorbed. Further, the four-way valves 61 and 62 are switched as shown by a dotted line in FIG. In this case, the cold water absorbed in the low temperature heat exchanger (heat absorbing part) 8 is supplied to the pipe 21 and the four-way valve 6
1. Flowing through the pipe line 22 to the indoor heat exchanger 201, heat exchange is performed there, and the indoor fan 203 is rotated to send cold air into the room (cooling), and then the pipe line 23, the four-way valve 62, and the pipe line 34. Through low temperature heat exchanger (heat absorbing part) 8
Return to

At this time, the hot water, which has been radiated by the medium temperature heat exchanger (radiation section) 5, flows to the outdoor heat exchanger 301 through the pipe 31, the four-way valve 61 and the pipe 32, where the outdoor fan 3 is placed.
After exchanging heat by rotating 03, pipe 3
3, the four-way valve 62, the pipe 24 to the intermediate temperature heat exchanger (heat dissipation portion) 6 flows, and further through the pipe 35, the intermediate temperature heat exchanger 5
Return to

During the heating operation, the hot gas engine 1 is activated by the ignition of the combustor 11, and the medium-temperature heat exchangers (heat radiation parts) 5, 6
The heat is radiated from the low temperature heat exchanger (heat absorbing part) 8 and is absorbed. The four-way valves 61 and 62 are switched as shown by the solid line in FIG. In this case, the hot water that has been radiated by the medium-temperature heat exchanger (radiation section) 5 flows to the indoor heat exchanger 201 through the pipe 31, the four-way valve 61, and the pipe 22.
Therefore, heat is exchanged by rotating the indoor fan 203 to send out warm air to the room (heating), and then the pipe 2
3, the four-way valve 62, the pipe 24 to the intermediate temperature heat exchanger (heat dissipation portion) 6 flows, and further through the pipe 35, the intermediate temperature heat exchanger 5
Return to

At this time, the cold water absorbed in the low temperature heat exchanger (heat absorbing section) 8 flows to the outdoor heat exchanger 301 through the pipe 21, the four-way valve 61 and the pipe 32, where the outdoor fan 30 is placed.
After exchanging heat by rotating 3, pipe 3
It returns to the low temperature heat exchanger (heat absorbing part) 8 through the three, four-way valve 62 and the pipe 34.

Referring to FIG. 2, when the defrosting detection sensor 310 attached to the outdoor heat exchanger 301 operates during the heating operation, the defrosting operation is started as follows.

That is, when the detection signal s1 from the defrost detection sensor 310 is output to the controller (“means”) 311, as shown in FIG.
Outputs a switching signal s2 to the four-way valve 61. When this switching signal s2 is output, the four-way valve 61 is switched as shown by the solid line.

When switched in this way, the heat medium is the low temperature heat exchanger 8, the pipe 21, the four-way valve 61, the pipe 22, the indoor heat exchanger 201, the pipe 23, the four-way valve 62, the pipe 24,
Medium temperature heat exchanger 6, line 35, medium temperature heat exchanger 5, line 3
1, four-way valve 61, pipe 32, outdoor heat exchanger 301, pipe 33, four-way valve 62, pipe 34, and low-temperature heat exchanger 8
Are circulated in the order of. That is, hot water and cold water are mixed and circulated. When the warm water and the cold water are mixed and circulated, a warm heat medium flows through the outdoor heat exchanger 301, so that the outdoor heat exchanger 301 is defrosted.

In this case, it is desirable to reduce the rotation speed of the fan 303 of the outdoor heat exchanger 301 or to stop the fan 303 according to a command from the controller 311.

In short, according to this embodiment, the defrosting operation can be easily performed by simply switching the four-way valve 61.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment. According to this embodiment, the difference from FIG. 1 is that between the low-temperature heat medium returning to the low-temperature heat exchanger 8 (cold water) and the high-temperature heat medium returning to the medium-temperature heat exchangers 5 and 6 (hot water). An inter-heat medium heat exchanger 150 for exchanging heat between the two heat mediums is provided. The heat exchanger related to heat medium 150 is connected to the pipe line 24 via the first three-way valve 151 and is connected to the pipe line 34 via the second three-way valve 152. In this case, the three-way valve 151,
152 is not limited to a three-way valve. P is a pump.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. When the detection signal s1 is output from the defrost detection sensor 310, the detection signal s1 is output to the controller (“means”) 3
11 and the switching signal s2 is output from the controller 311 to the first three-way valve 151 and the second three-way valve 152. When the switching signal s2 is output, the first three-way valve 151 and the second three-way valve 152 are switched,
The low-temperature heat medium (cold water) returning to the low-temperature heat exchanger 8 and the high-temperature heat medium (hot water) returning to the medium-temperature heat exchangers 5 and 6 are introduced to the heat-medium heat exchanger 150, and the heat-medium heat exchanger Heat is exchanged at 150. In this way, the temperature of the low temperature heat medium (cold water) returning to the low temperature heat exchanger 8 rises, and the medium temperature heat exchangers 5, 6
The temperature of the high-temperature heat transfer medium (hot water) that returns to is decreased. If the temperature of the low-temperature heat medium (cold water) rises, the temperature of the low-temperature heat medium (cold water) sent out from the low-temperature heat exchanger 8 also rises, so the outdoor heat exchanger 301 into which the low-temperature heat medium whose temperature has risen is sent. Also rises, which causes the outdoor heat exchanger 301 to be defrosted.

FIG. 4 shows still another embodiment.
According to this embodiment, the heat medium is exchanged between the low temperature heat medium (cold water) delivered from the low temperature heat exchanger 8 and the high temperature heat medium (hot water) delivered from the medium temperature heat exchangers 5, 6. An inter-heat medium heat exchanger 150 is provided. The heat exchanger related to heat medium 150 is connected to the pipe line 31 via the third three-way valve 153 and connected to the pipe line 21 via the fourth three-way valve 154. The three-way valves 153, 15 in this case
4 is not limited to this. P is a pump.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. When the detection signal s1 is output from the defrost detection sensor 310, the detection signal s1 is output to the controller (“means”) 3
11 and the switching signal s2 is output from the controller 311 to the third three-way valve 153 and the fourth three-way valve 154. When the switching signal s2 is output, the third three-way valve 153 and the fourth three-way valve 154 are switched,
Low temperature heat medium (cold water) sent from the low temperature heat exchanger 8
And the high-temperature heat medium (warm water) sent from the medium-temperature heat exchangers 5 and 6 are guided to the heat-medium heat exchanger 150, and are heat-exchanged in the heat-medium heat exchanger 150. In this way, the temperature of the low temperature heat medium (cold water) sent from the low temperature heat exchanger 8 rises, so the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 301 to which the low temperature heat medium whose temperature has risen is sent also rises,
As a result, the outdoor heat exchanger 301 is defrosted.

[0031]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the defrosting operation of the outdoor heat exchanger can be performed by a simple means.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of a heat pump type cooling and heating apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a state in which a four-way valve is switched.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing another embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing still another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Heat Gas Engine (Heat Source Machine) 5, 6 Medium Temperature Heat Exchanger 8 Low Temperature Heat Exchanger 150 Heat Exchanger for Capacity Adjustment 151 First Three-Way Valve 152 Second Three-Way Valve 153 Third Three-Way Valve 154 Fourth Three-Way Valve 201 Indoor heat exchanger 301 Outdoor heat exchanger 310 Defrost detection sensor 311 Controller

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A heat source machine having a low temperature heat exchanger and a medium temperature heat exchanger, wherein a heat medium exchanged through the low temperature heat exchanger and the medium temperature heat exchanger of the heat source machine is used as an outdoor heat exchanger. ,
Also, in the heat pump type air conditioner for cooling and heating the room to be conditioned by circulating it to the indoor heat exchanger, a means for exchanging heat between the low temperature side heat medium and the high temperature side heat medium during defrosting operation of the outdoor heat exchanger is provided. A heat pump type cooling and heating device characterized by being provided. 2. A heat source machine having a low temperature heat exchanger and a medium temperature heat exchanger, wherein a heat medium exchanged through the low temperature heat exchanger and the medium temperature heat exchanger of the heat source machine is used as an outdoor heat exchanger. ,
In a heat pump type air conditioner that cools and heats the room to be conditioned by circulating the heat to the indoor heat exchanger, during the defrosting operation of the outdoor heat exchanger, the low temperature heat exchanger, the indoor heat exchanger, the intermediate temperature heat exchanger, and the outdoor heat exchanger. A heat pump type cooling and heating device, characterized in that means for connecting the heat exchanger in series is provided. 3. A heat source machine having a low temperature heat exchanger and a medium temperature heat exchanger, wherein the heat medium exchanged through the low temperature heat exchanger and the medium temperature heat exchanger of the heat source machine is an outdoor heat exchanger. ,
And a heat pump type air conditioner for cooling and heating the room to be conditioned by circulating the heat to the indoor heat exchanger, the heat medium for exchanging heat between the low temperature heat medium returning to the low temperature heat exchanger and the high temperature heat medium returning to the intermediate temperature heat exchanger. A heat pump type cooling and heating apparatus, characterized in that a heat exchanger for heat exchange is provided, and means for operating the heat exchanger for heat medium is provided during defrosting operation of the outdoor heat exchanger. 4. An outdoor heat exchanger, comprising: a heat source machine having a low temperature heat exchanger and an intermediate temperature heat exchanger, wherein a heat medium exchanged through the low temperature heat exchanger and the intermediate temperature heat exchanger of the heat source machine is used. ,
In a heat pump type cooling and heating device that cools and heats the room to be conditioned by circulating it to the indoor heat exchanger, heat is exchanged between the low temperature heat medium sent out from the low temperature heat exchanger and the high temperature heat medium sent out from the medium temperature heat exchanger. A heat pump type cooling and heating apparatus comprising a heat exchanger between heat medium and means for operating the heat exchanger between heat medium during defrosting operation of the outdoor heat exchanger. 5. The means for stopping the fan of the outdoor heat exchanger or reducing the rotational speed of the fan during defrosting operation of the outdoor heat exchanger, as set forth in claim 1. Heat pump type air conditioner.