JPH09210147A - Transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a transmission which enables continuous gear shift without using any expensive, complex, large, and heavy weight mechanism such as gear boxes. SOLUTION: The transmission comprises two clutch plates 3, 4 axially movably inserted at a specified gap into the driving shaft transmitting the driving force from an engine, at least two clutch members 5 interposed between the two clutch plates and radially movable, a gear 7 with a gear center integrally supported by each axis which axially moves the axis of each clutch members and pierces integrally in rotating direction, and a coupling gear 8 of anannular large gear for always engaging with each of gears. One of the two clutch plates is integral to the driving shaft in the rotating direction, while the other clutch plate is movable relative to the driving shaft, and the coupling gear is disposed coaxially with the driving shaft so that the clutch members rotates the driving shaft when positioning inwardly to contact both clutch plates to rotate integrally the clutch members, shaft, and gears through the clutch plates to rotates the coupling gear engaging these gears.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transmission used for a transmission of a vehicle such as an automobile, and more particularly, to continuously variable transmission without using an expensive, complicated, large and heavy mechanism such as a conventional gear box. The transmission.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a vehicle such as an automobile, a transmission has been conventionally used as a means for transmitting a driving force from a drive source such as an engine to an axle, a wheel, etc. The transmission has a different gear ratio. A gear box having a plurality of gears is provided, and various gears meshing with each other are rearranged in various ways to realize shifting and forward / reverse switching. However, since the conventional gear box as a gear shifting means has a large number of parts, and the mechanism for changing gears is complicated, large in size, heavy in weight, and expensive, improvements in these drawbacks have been demanded. Further, in the conventional transmission using gears, since the speed is determined by the gear ratio of the gears to be combined, it is impossible to finely adjust the gear ratio, but it is more convenient if stepless gear shifting is possible. It is clear that there is. However, a means for realizing the continuously variable transmission at low cost has not been developed so far. The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a transmission that is capable of continuously variable transmission without using a conventional transmission such as a gearbox that is expensive, complicated, large, and heavy. There is.

[0003]

In order to achieve the above object,
According to the invention of claim 1, a drive shaft for transmitting a drive force from an engine, two clutch plates axially movably inserted in the drive shaft at a predetermined interval, and the two clutches. At least two clutch members located in the gap between the plates and configured to be able to advance and retreat in the inner and outer radial directions, and respective shafts that are capable of advancing and retreating in the axial direction and integrally supporting the shaft center of each clutch member in the rotational direction. A bearing member that rotatably supports each shaft, a gear whose shaft center is integrally supported by each shaft, a coupling gear that is an annular large-diameter gear that always meshes with each gear, and each clutch. Elastic means for urging the plates toward each other, pressing means for forcibly urging the clutch plates in the direction of separating them from each other against the urging force of the urging means, and the inner diameter of each clutch member, Forward / backward to move forward / backward in synchronization with the outer diameter direction And means, one of the two clutch plates are integrated in the rotational direction with respect to the drive shaft and the other clutch plate is capable of relative rotation with respect to the drive shaft,
The coupling gear is arranged coaxially with the drive shaft, and by rotating the drive shaft in a state where the clutch member is positioned in the inner diameter direction and is in pressure contact with both clutch plates, the coupling gear is inserted through the clutch plates. It is characterized in that the clutch member, the shaft, and the gear rotate integrally, and the coupling gear meshing with the gear rotates. According to a second aspect of the present invention, the rotational speed of the coupling gear that is rotationally driven from the drive shaft via the clutch plate, the clutch member, and the gear is adjusted by adjusting the position where the clutch member contacts the both clutch plates in the radial direction. It is characterized by stepless adjustment. According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided locking means for selectively freeing or locking the two clutch plates with respect to the drive shaft.

[0004]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on an embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view showing the principle of the transmission of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a main part. The transmission 1 is a transmission that is arranged between a drive shaft 2 that transmits a driving force from an engine (not shown) of an automobile and a clutch (not shown).
It is a means for increasing / decreasing the driving torque from the engine by operating in a state in which the transmission of the driving force from the driving shaft to the wheels (not shown) is blocked by FF. This transmission 1 is located in a gap between two opposing clutch plates 3 and 4 each having a center hole axially movably mounted by a drive shaft 2 and the two clutch plates 3 and 4. And at least two clutch members 5 configured to be capable of advancing and retracting in synchronization with the inner and outer radial directions (the inner and outer radial directions around the drive shaft 2),
The shaft holes of the respective clutch members 5 are supported so as to be movable in the axial direction and non-rotatable relative to each other, and the shafts 6 are rotatably supported by bearing members 6A, and the shaft centers are integrally supported by the shafts 6. Gears 7, a coupling gear 8 that is an annular large-diameter gear that constantly meshes with each gear 7, and a coupling gear 8
An output shaft 9 which is integrally connected to a central portion of the clutch and which is connected to a clutch (not shown), elastic biasing means 10 and 11 for biasing the clutch plates 3 and 4 toward each other, and the elastic biasing means 1
The clutch plates 3, 4 are resisted against the biasing force of 0, 11.
The pressing means 12, 1 forcibly urging the
2 and an advancing / retreating drive means 1 which will be described later for advancing and retracting the clutch members 5 along the shafts 6 in the inner diameter and outer diameter synchronously.
3, 13 and a spring 14 for constantly urging the gears 5 supported in the axial direction by the shafts 6 in the axial direction, and the clutch plates 3 and 4 selectively drive the drive shaft 2 Locking means 20 for locking to.

The two clutch plates 3 and 4 engaged with the drive shaft 2 so as to be movable in the axial direction are coupled to the drive shaft 2 so as to be movable in the axial direction and relatively rotatable. For example, when it is desired to transmit the torque in the forward rotation direction of the drive shaft to the coupling gear 8, only the clutch plate 3 is locked to the drive shaft 2 by the locking means 20 and the coupling gear 8 is rotated in the reverse rotation direction. Only the clutch plate 4 is locked to the drive shaft 2. Further, a part or the whole of the facing surfaces of the clutch plates 3 and 4 are tapered surfaces 3a and 4b whose thickness decreases toward the outer diameter direction.
The outer peripheral surface of the clutch member 5 is a tapered surface capable of making surface contact with the tapered surfaces 3a and 4a of each clutch plate. As a material forming the tapered surfaces of the clutch plates 3 and 4 and the clutch member 5, a material having excellent durability such as phosphor bronze is used. The coupling gear 8 is arranged coaxially with the drive shaft 2, and the output shaft 9 is arranged linearly with the drive shaft 2.

In this embodiment, the clutch member 5 is positioned in the inner diameter direction so that the tapered outer peripheral surface of each clutch member is in pressure contact with the tapered surfaces 3a and 4a of both clutch plates. By rotating 2, the clutch member 5, the shaft 6 and the gear 7 are integrally rotated via one clutch plate fixed to the drive shaft, for example, the clutch plate 3, and as a result, mesh with the gear 7. The coupling gear 8 and the output shaft 9 are rotated. At this time, since the other clutch plate 4 is free with respect to the drive shaft, it rotates with the clutch member 5. When the other clutch plate 4 is locked to the drive shaft, the clutch plate 3 rotates together with the clutch member 5. The gear ratio can be changed by changing the clutch member 5
This can be easily realized by changing the radial position, that is, the position where the outer peripheral surface of the clutch member 5 contacts the tapered surfaces 3a, 4a of the clutch plates 3, 4.

When the drive shaft 2 is driven while the clutch member 5 is in pressure contact with the clutch plates 3 and 4, the drive force from the drive shaft 2 is integrated with the drive shaft 2 in the rotational direction. It is transmitted to the clutch member 5 via the plate 3. That is, the clutch member 5 is biased by the elastic biasing means 11 in the pressing direction to the other clutch plate 4 (the drive shaft 2).
Since the clutch plates 3 and 4 are pressed against each other by pressure from the clutch plate 3, the driving force from the clutch plates 3 is reliably transmitted to the clutch member 5, and The member 5 can be rotated.

When the gear ratio is changed while the clutch (not shown) connected to the output shaft 9 is in the OFF state, each clutch plate 3 is resisted against the urging force of the elastic urging means 10 and 11. 4, the clutch plates 3 and 4 are once moved in the expanding direction by using a pressing means 12 described later for forcibly urging the clutch members 4 away from each other, and the engagement with the clutch member 5 is released. In this state, the advance / retreat driving means 13 is used to advance / retreat each clutch member 5 synchronously in the inner diameter and outer diameter directions, and the pressing by the pressing means 12 is released while the clutch member 5 is held at a predetermined position. By
The clutch plate and the clutch member are pressure-welded again in different positional relations. Thus, the clutch member 5 is the clutch plate 3,
By changing the position (radial position) that engages with No. 4, automatic stepless speed change becomes possible. That is, when the pressure contact position of the clutch member 5 moves to the inner diameter side, the rotation speed of the output shaft 9 increases, and when it moves to the outer diameter side, the rotation speed of the output shaft decreases. The pressing means 12 and the advancing / retreating driving means 13 are configured to be driven by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown).
Further, the locking means 20 may be, for example, the clutch plates 3, 4
And a locking piece 22 that moves forward and backward along the drive shaft in the axial direction. The pressing means moves the lock piece 22 in the axial direction by a drive source such as hydraulic pressure (not shown). One clutch plate may be selectively locked to the drive shaft by advancing and retracting by 23. In order to prevent the clutch plate from collapsing, the inner diameter portion of the clutch plate that engages with the drive shaft may be thick or sleeve-shaped.

Next, FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) are a perspective exploded view and a front exploded view showing the structure of an example of the clutch plate of the present invention. The clutch plates 3 and 4 are attached to the drive shaft 2. As shown in FIG. A fixed base 30 having a hollow interior in which the shaft center is loosely fitted, an engagement plate 31 that enters into a space of the fixed base 30 and relatively rotates, and an engagement plate 31.
An engaging plate 31, a reinforcing plate 32 fixed to the engaging plate 31, a sliding plate 33 fixed to the engaging plate 31 via the reinforcing plate 32, and a spring 34, which are integrated by bolts or the like. Board 3
2. The sliding plate 33 is in a state where the shaft center is loosely fitted to the drive shaft 2. Notches 30a are arranged at a predetermined interval on the inner wall of the fixed base 30, and the same number of notches 31a that can be engaged with the respective notches 30a are formed on the outer periphery of the engagement board 31. Further, the spring 34 is interposed between the notches 30a and 31a and urges the notches 30 in a direction to separate them from each other. As a result of configuring both clutch plates 3 and 4 in this way, the impact when the clutch plates 3 and 4 engage with the clutch member 5 is absorbed and relaxed by the spring 34, and the durability of the clutch plates 3 and 4 is improved. You can

[0010]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a transmission capable of continuously variable transmission without using an expensive, complicated, large, and heavy transmission such as a conventional gearbox. it can. Specifically, the invention of claim 1 includes a drive shaft for transmitting a drive force from an engine, and two clutch plates axially movably inserted in the drive shaft at a predetermined interval. At least two clutch members that are positioned in the gap between the two clutch plates and that can move forward and backward in the inner and outer radial directions, and the shaft center of each clutch member that can move forward and backward in the axial direction and integrally in the rotational direction. Each shaft penetratingly supported, a bearing member that rotatably supports each shaft, a gear whose shaft center is integrally supported by each shaft, and a coupling gear that is an annular large-diameter gear that constantly meshes with each gear. Elastic means for urging the clutch plates toward each other, pressing means for forcibly urging the clutch plates against each other against the urging force of the urging means, Moves the clutch member back and forth synchronously in the inner and outer diameter directions An advancing / retreating drive means for causing the one of the two clutch plates to be integrated in the rotational direction with respect to the drive shaft, and the other clutch plate capable of rotating relative to the drive shaft. It is arranged coaxially with the drive shaft, and the clutch member is positioned in the inner diameter direction and is in pressure contact with both clutch plates, and by rotating the drive shaft, the clutch member, shaft and Since the gear rotates integrally and the coupling gear that meshes with the gear is rotated, it is possible to increase or decrease the torque when transmitting the driving torque from the engine to the wheels or the like with a small number of parts.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, by adjusting the position where the clutch member is in contact with both of the clutch plates in the radial direction, the coupling gear is rotationally driven from the drive shaft via the clutch plate, the clutch member and the gear. The rotation speed can be adjusted steplessly. According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the lock means for selectively freeing or locking the two clutch plates with respect to the drive shaft is provided, the wheel can be easily switched between normal rotation and reverse rotation by a simple mechanism. be able to.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a main configuration of an example of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a main part of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B are exploded views showing an example of the configuration of a clutch plate.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 transmission, 2 drive shafts, 3 and 4 clutch plates, 5
Clutch member, 6 shaft, 6A bearing member, 7 gear, 8
Coupling gear, 9 output shaft, 10 and 11 elastic biasing means, 12 pressing means, 13 advancing and retracting driving means, 14 springs, 20 locking means, 21 meshing parts, 22 locking pieces, 30 fixed base, 31 engaging board, 32 reinforcement Board, 3
3 sliding plates, 34 springs.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A drive shaft for transmitting a drive force from an engine, two clutch plates axially movably inserted in the drive shaft at a predetermined interval, and between the two clutch plates. At least two clutch members that are located in the gap between and are configured to be capable of advancing and retreating in the inner and outer radial directions, and shafts that are capable of advancing and retracting in the axial direction of the respective clutch members and integrally penetratingly supported in the rotational direction. A bearing member that rotatably supports each shaft,
A gear whose axial center is integrally supported by each shaft, a coupling gear that is an annular large-diameter gear that constantly meshes with each gear, and elastic means that urges the clutch plates toward each other. A pressing means for forcibly urging the clutch plates in a direction in which they are separated from each other against the urging force of the urging means, and an advance / retreat driving means for synchronously advancing / retreating the clutch members in the inner diameter and outer diameter directions. One of the two clutch plates is integrated in the rotational direction with respect to the drive shaft, the other clutch plate is rotatable relative to the drive shaft, and the coupling gear is arranged coaxially with the drive shaft. By rotating the drive shaft in a state where the clutch member is located in the inner diameter direction and is in pressure contact with both clutch plates, the clutch member, the shaft, and the gear are integrally rotated through the clutch plate. , Transmission apparatus characterized by rotating the coupling gear to gear meshing. 2. The rotational speed of a coupling gear, which is rotationally driven from the drive shaft via the clutch plate, the clutch member and the gear, is continuously variable by adjusting the position where the clutch member contacts the both clutch plates in the radial direction. 2. The transmission according to claim 1, wherein the transmission is adjustable by. 3. The transmission according to claim 1, further comprising a locking means for selectively freeing or locking the two clutch plates with respect to the drive shaft.