JPH09208976A - Gear oil and its production - Google Patents
Gear oil and its productionInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09208976A JPH09208976A JP3572396A JP3572396A JPH09208976A JP H09208976 A JPH09208976 A JP H09208976A JP 3572396 A JP3572396 A JP 3572396A JP 3572396 A JP3572396 A JP 3572396A JP H09208976 A JPH09208976 A JP H09208976A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- viscosity
- oil
- base oil
- low
- predetermined
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、鉱油基油を用いた
ギヤ油、特には、手動変速機油として好ましく用いられ
るギヤ油に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gear oil using a mineral oil base oil, and more particularly to a gear oil preferably used as a manual transmission oil.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】ギヤ油は、歯車、軸受などの摩耗・焼き
付きなどを防ぎ、必要な潤滑性を維持するため、使用条
件下で所定の粘度が必要である。さらに、自動車などに
用いられる手動変速機油には、低温時の良好なシフト操
作性も要求され、低温での低い粘度が必要とされる。一
般に、鉱油を基油として用いた場合、比較的高い温度
（例えば、１００℃以上）で所定の粘度を保持したまま
で、低温での粘度を低下させるためには、粘度指数向上
剤、流動点降下剤などを添加するか、または、触媒脱ろ
うなどによる低流動点基油を利用することが多い。2. Description of the Related Art Gear oil must have a predetermined viscosity under the conditions of use in order to prevent wear and seizure of gears and bearings and maintain necessary lubricity. Further, a manual transmission fluid used in an automobile or the like is required to have good shift operability at low temperatures and low viscosity at low temperatures. Generally, when mineral oil is used as a base oil, in order to reduce the viscosity at a low temperature while maintaining a predetermined viscosity at a relatively high temperature (for example, 100 ° C. or higher), a viscosity index improver, a pour point A low pour point base oil is often used by adding a depressant or the like or by catalytic dewaxing.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、高分子物質
からなる粘度指数向上剤などの添加剤は、剪断により粘
度が低下し、潤滑性を維持するために必要な粘度が得ら
れなくなることがある。また、基油として、低流動点基
油などを用いることもできるが、入手が限定され、コス
ト的に高いものとなる。本発明の目的は、入手が容易
で、比較的低コストの鉱油基油を用い、潤滑性と低温特
性がともに優れたギヤ油を提供するものである。However, additives such as a viscosity index improver made of a polymer substance may have a reduced viscosity due to shearing, and the viscosity required to maintain lubricity may not be obtained. . A low pour point base oil or the like can be used as the base oil, but the availability is limited and the cost is high. An object of the present invention is to provide a gear oil which is excellent in both lubricity and low temperature characteristics by using a mineral oil base oil which is easily available and is relatively low in cost.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の第１の態様は、
１００℃における動粘度が４mm2/S以上４０mm2/S未満の
所定粘度であるギヤ油において、（ａ）該所定粘度より
も高い粘度を有する鉱油からなる高粘度基油３０〜６０
重量％と、（ｂ）該所定粘度よりも低い粘度を有する鉱
油からなる第１の低粘度基油２０〜６５重量％と、
（ｃ）該所定粘度の０．５倍より低い粘度を有する鉱油
からなる第２の低粘度基油５〜２５重量％とを主成分と
するものである。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided:
In gear oil a predetermined viscosity kinematic viscosity of less than 4 mm 2 / S or 40 mm 2 / S at 100 ° C., high-viscosity base oil composed of a mineral oil having a higher viscosity than (a) the predetermined viscosity 30-60
% By weight, and (b) 20 to 65% by weight of a first low-viscosity base oil consisting of mineral oil having a viscosity lower than the predetermined viscosity,
(C) The main component is 5 to 25% by weight of a second low-viscosity base oil made of mineral oil having a viscosity lower than 0.5 times the predetermined viscosity.
【０００５】また、本発明の第２の態様は、１００℃に
おける動粘度が４mm2/S以上４０mm2/S未満の所定粘度で
あるギヤ油の製造方法において、（ｐ）該所定粘度より
も高い粘度を有する鉱油からなる高粘度基油を用意し、
（ｑ）該所定粘度よりも低い粘度を有する鉱油からなる
第１の低粘度基油を用意し、（ｒ）該所定粘度の０．５
倍より低い粘度を有する鉱油からなる第２の低粘度基油
を用意し、（ｓ）前記高粘度基油３０〜６０重量％、前
記第１の低粘度基油２０〜６５重量％および前記第２の
低粘度基油５〜２５重量％を混合することものである。[0005] The second aspect of the present invention is the manufacturing method of the gear oil is a predetermined viscosity having kinematic viscosity of less than 4 mm 2 / S or 40 mm 2 / S at 100 ° C., than (p) the predetermined viscosity Prepare a high viscosity base oil consisting of mineral oil with high viscosity,
(Q) preparing a first low-viscosity base oil consisting of mineral oil having a viscosity lower than the predetermined viscosity, and (r) 0.5 of the predetermined viscosity.
A second low-viscosity base oil consisting of mineral oil having a viscosity lower than twice is prepared, (s) 30-60 wt% of the high-viscosity base oil, 20-65 wt% of the first low-viscosity base oil and the 2 to 5 to 25% by weight of the low viscosity base oil.
【０００６】本発明によれば、所定性状の２種以上の低
粘度基油と高粘度基油とを所定の割合で混合することに
より、比較的高温での所定粘度を保ったまま、低温時の
シフト操作性などの低温特性に優れたギヤ油を、入手が
容易で、比較的低コストの基油により作成することがで
きる。According to the present invention, two or more low-viscosity base oils having predetermined properties and a high-viscosity base oil are mixed at a predetermined ratio to maintain a predetermined viscosity at a relatively high temperature and a low temperature. Gear oil having excellent low-temperature characteristics such as shift operability can be prepared from a base oil that is easily available and is relatively low cost.
【０００７】[0007]
［鉱油］鉱油としては、高度な精製を経ていない鉱油基
油が入手の容易さから好ましく、パラフィン系原油など
の常圧蒸留残渣を減圧蒸留して得られる留分を、フルフ
ラールなどによる溶剤抽出、水素化精製、ＭＥＫ／トル
エンなどによる溶剤脱ろうなどの処理方法によって処理
することで得られる潤滑油基油、前記減圧蒸留の残渣を
脱瀝して得られる脱瀝油を前記の適宜な処理方法によっ
て処理することで得られる潤滑油基油などが用いられ
る。パラフィン系原油から得られた留分を溶剤脱ろうし
た潤滑油基油を、本発明の鉱油基油に、特に、高粘度基
油および第１の低粘度基油として用いることが好まし
い。流動点は、−２０℃〜−１０℃と比較的高くてもよ
い。[Mineral oil] As the mineral oil, a mineral oil base oil that has not been subjected to advanced refining is preferable because it is easily available, and a fraction obtained by distilling a normal pressure distillation residue such as paraffinic crude oil under reduced pressure is subjected to solvent extraction with furfural, Lubricating base oil obtained by treatment with a treatment method such as hydrorefining, solvent dewaxing with MEK / toluene, and deasphalted oil obtained by deasphalting the residue of the vacuum distillation as described above. A lubricating base oil or the like obtained by treating with is used. A lubricant base oil obtained by solvent dewaxing a distillate obtained from a paraffinic crude oil is preferably used in the mineral oil base oil of the present invention, particularly as a high viscosity base oil and a first low viscosity base oil. The pour point may be relatively high at -20 ° C to -10 ° C.
【０００８】［高粘度基油］ギヤ油の所定粘度よりも高
い粘度であり、一般にギヤ油の所定粘度の１．５〜４
倍、好ましくは２〜３倍の粘度の鉱油を、高粘度基油と
して用いる。通常、３０〜６０重量％、好ましくは、４
０〜５５重量％含まれる。[High viscosity base oil] The viscosity is higher than the predetermined viscosity of the gear oil, and is generally 1.5 to 4 which is the predetermined viscosity of the gear oil.
A mineral oil having a viscosity of 2 times, preferably 2 to 3 times, is used as the high-viscosity base oil. Usually, 30 to 60% by weight, preferably 4
0 to 55% by weight is contained.
【０００９】［第１の低粘度基油］ギヤ油の所定粘度よ
りも低い粘度であり、一般にギヤ油の所定粘度の０．４
〜０．９倍、好ましくは０．５〜０．８倍の粘度の鉱油
を、第１の低粘度基油として用いる。通常、２０〜６５
重量％、好ましくは、２５〜５０重量％含まれる。[First Low Viscosity Base Oil] The viscosity is lower than the predetermined viscosity of the gear oil, and is generally 0.4 of the predetermined viscosity of the gear oil.
A mineral oil having a viscosity of .about.0.9 times, preferably 0.5 to 0.8 times is used as the first low viscosity base oil. Usually 20-65
% By weight, preferably 25 to 50% by weight.
【００１０】［第２の低粘度基油］ギヤ油の所定粘度よ
りも低い粘度であり、一般にギヤ油の所定粘度の０．２
〜０．４倍の粘度の鉱油を、第２の低粘度基油として用
いる。通常、５〜２５重量％、好ましくは、１０〜２０
重量％含まれる。第２の低粘度基油の含有量が、第１の
低粘度基油のそれよりも多いと、相対的に高粘度基油の
割合が増大するため、低温でのブルックフィールド粘度
を低くできない。[Second Low Viscosity Base Oil] The viscosity is lower than the predetermined viscosity of the gear oil, and generally 0.2 of the predetermined viscosity of the gear oil.
Mineral oil with a viscosity of ~ 0.4 times is used as the second low viscosity base oil. Usually 5 to 25% by weight, preferably 10 to 20
% By weight. When the content of the second low-viscosity base oil is higher than that of the first low-viscosity base oil, the proportion of the high-viscosity base oil relatively increases, so that the Brookfield viscosity at low temperature cannot be lowered.
【００１１】［高分子添加剤］分子量が１万を超えるよ
うな高分子添加剤であるポリメタクレート、ポリイソブ
チレンなどの粘度指数向上剤・流動点降下剤は、１重量
％未満の添加が好ましい。これ以上の添加は、剪断によ
り粘度が低下し、潤滑特性が悪化することがあるので好
ましくない。[Polymer Additive] The viscosity index improver / pour point depressant such as polymethacrylate or polyisobutylene, which is a polymer additive having a molecular weight of more than 10,000, is preferably added in an amount of less than 1% by weight. . Addition of more than this value is not preferable because the viscosity may decrease due to shearing and the lubricating characteristics may deteriorate.
【００１２】本発明のギヤ油には、他の種々の添加剤を
添加してもよい。例えば、硫化オレフィン、トリクレジ
ルホスフェート（ＴＣＰ）などの極圧剤や耐摩耗剤、ジ
ターシャリーブチルパラクレゾール（ＤＢＰＣ）、ジア
ルキルジチオりん酸亜鉛（ＺｎＤＴＰ）などの酸化防止
剤、Ｃａスルホネート、こはく酸イミドなどの清浄分散
剤、ベンゾトリアゾールなどの銅腐食防止剤、シリコン
油などの消泡剤など、従来のギヤ油に用いられる添加剤
の必要量を添加してもよい。Various other additives may be added to the gear oil of the present invention. For example, sulfurized olefins, extreme pressure agents such as tricresyl phosphate (TCP) and antiwear agents, ditertiary butyl paracresol (DBPC), antioxidants such as zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZnDTP), Ca sulfonate, succinic acid. A necessary amount of additives used for conventional gear oils such as a detergent-dispersant such as imide, a copper corrosion inhibitor such as benzotriazole, an antifoaming agent such as silicone oil, and the like may be added.
【００１３】[0013]
【実施例】以下実施例に基づきより詳しく説明するが、
本発明はこれらにより何ら限定されるものではない。EXAMPLES Hereinafter, more detailed description will be given based on examples.
The present invention is not limited by these.
【００１４】基油として、次の表１の性状の鉱油１〜４
を用い、実施例および比較例のギヤ油として試験油１〜
８を調製した。鉱油１〜４は、パラフィン系原油から得
られた潤滑油留分であり、鉱油１〜３は溶剤脱ろうを経
ており、鉱油４は触媒脱ろうにより脱ろうされている。Mineral oils 1 to 4 having the properties shown in Table 1 below are used as base oils.
And test oils 1 to 1 are used as gear oils in Examples and Comparative Examples.
8 was prepared. Mineral oils 1 to 4 are lubricating oil fractions obtained from paraffinic crude oil, mineral oils 1 to 3 have undergone solvent dewaxing, and mineral oil 4 has been dewaxed by catalytic dewaxing.
【００１５】[0015]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１６】添加剤として用いたＰＭＡ−１は、メタク
リル酸アルキルエステル共重合物である。また、ＰＭＡ
−２は、メタクリレート系共重合物である。PMA-1 used as an additive is a methacrylic acid alkyl ester copolymer. Also, PMA
-2 is a methacrylate copolymer.
【００１７】上記の基油および添加剤を表２および表３
に示す割合で混合し、実施例および比較例の試験油を調
製した。混合割合は、ギヤ油（試験油）に対する重量％
で表している。なお、極圧剤、金属系清浄剤、無灰系分
散剤、酸化防止剤、防錆剤、消泡剤などを含む添加剤パ
ッケージを、これらの試験油にそれぞれ添加した。The above base oils and additives are listed in Tables 2 and 3.
The mixture was mixed at the ratio shown in to prepare the test oils of Examples and Comparative Examples. Mixing ratio is weight% to gear oil (test oil)
It is represented by An additive package containing an extreme pressure agent, a metallic detergent, an ashless dispersant, an antioxidant, a rust preventive, an antifoaming agent, etc. was added to each of these test oils.
【００１８】[0018]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００１９】[0019]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００２０】このようにして調製した試験油１〜８につ
いて、動粘度、流動点、粘度指数、および、ブルックス
フィールド粘度の評価を行い、その結果を表２、表３に
併せて示す。ブルックスフィールド粘度は、ＡＳＴＭ
Ｄ−２９８３に準拠し、０℃で測定した。The test oils 1 to 8 thus prepared were evaluated for kinematic viscosity, pour point, viscosity index, and Brooksfield viscosity, and the results are shown in Tables 2 and 3. Brooks field viscosity is ASTM
It measured at 0 degreeC based on D-2983.
【００２１】試験油１〜９は、ほぼ同一の動粘度であ
る。しかし、ブルックスフィールド粘度は、実施例であ
る試験油１〜３、６、７では２６００mPa・S以下である
が、比較例である試験油４、５、８では２７００mPa・S
以上である。The test oils 1 to 9 have almost the same kinematic viscosity. However, the Brooksfield viscosity is 2600 mPa · S or less in the test oils 1 to 3, 6 and 7 of the examples, but is 2700 mPa · S in the test oils 4, 5 and 8 of the comparative examples.
That is all.
【００２２】[0022]
【発明の効果】本発明は、１００℃における動粘度が４
mm2/S以上４０mm2/S未満の所定粘度であるギヤ油におい
て、（ａ）該所定粘度よりも高い粘度を有する鉱油から
なる高粘度基油３０〜６０重量％と、（ｂ）該所定粘度
よりも低い粘度を有する鉱油からなる第１の低粘度基油
２０〜６５重量％と、（ｃ）該所定粘度の０．５倍より
低い粘度を有する鉱油からなる第２の低粘度基油５〜２
５重量％とを主成分とするものである。The present invention has a kinematic viscosity of 4 at 100 ° C.
In mm 2 / S or 40mm gear oil is a predetermined viscosity of less than 2 / S, a high-viscosity base oil 30 to 60% by weight consisting of a mineral oil having a higher viscosity than (a) the predetermined viscosity, (b) the predetermined 20-65% by weight of a first low-viscosity base oil composed of a mineral oil having a viscosity lower than that of the viscosity, and (c) a second low-viscosity base oil composed of a mineral oil having a viscosity lower than 0.5 times the predetermined viscosity. 5-2
The main component is 5% by weight.
【００２３】本発明によれば、比較的高温での所定粘度
を保ったまま、低温時のシフト操作性などの低温特性に
優れたギヤ油を、入手が容易で、比較的低コストの基油
により作成することができる。According to the present invention, it is possible to easily obtain a gear oil which is excellent in low temperature characteristics such as shift operability at a low temperature while maintaining a predetermined viscosity at a relatively high temperature, and which is a relatively low cost base oil. Can be created by.
Claims (2)
４０mm2/S未満の所定粘度であるギヤ油において、 該所定粘度よりも高い粘度を有する鉱油からなる高粘度
基油３０〜６０重量％と、 該所定粘度よりも低い粘度を有する鉱油からなる第１の
低粘度基油２０〜６５重量％と、 該所定粘度の０．５倍より低い粘度を有する鉱油からな
る第２の低粘度基油５〜２５重量％とを主成分とするこ
とを特徴とするギヤ油。1. A gear oil is a predetermined viscosity kinematic viscosity of less than 4 mm 2 / S or 40 mm 2 / S at 100 ° C., high-viscosity base oil 30-60 wt consisting of mineral oils having a higher viscosity than the predetermined viscosity %, 20 to 65% by weight of a first low-viscosity base oil consisting of a mineral oil having a viscosity lower than the predetermined viscosity, and a second low viscosity consisting of a mineral oil having a viscosity lower than 0.5 times the predetermined viscosity. A gear oil containing 5 to 25% by weight of a base oil as a main component.
４０mm2/S未満の所定粘度であるギヤ油の製造方法にお
いて、 該所定粘度よりも高い粘度を有する鉱油からなる高粘度
基油を用意し、 該所定粘度よりも低い粘度を有する鉱油からなる第１の
低粘度基油を用意し、 該所定粘度の０．５倍より低い粘度を有する鉱油からな
る第２の低粘度基油を用意し、 前記高粘度基油３０〜６０重量％、前記第１の低粘度基
油２０〜６５重量％および前記第２の低粘度基油５〜２
５重量％を混合することを特徴とするギヤ油の製造方
法。2. A kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. is in the manufacturing method of the gear oil is a predetermined viscosity of less than 4 mm 2 / S or 40 mm 2 / S, a high-viscosity base oil composed of a mineral oil having a higher viscosity than the predetermined viscosity A first low-viscosity base oil made of mineral oil having a viscosity lower than the predetermined viscosity is prepared, and a second low-viscosity base oil made of mineral oil having a viscosity lower than 0.5 times the predetermined viscosity is prepared. 30 to 60% by weight of the high-viscosity base oil, 20 to 65% by weight of the first low-viscosity base oil, and 5-2 of the second low-viscosity base oil.
A method for producing a gear oil, which comprises mixing 5% by weight.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3572396A JPH09208976A (en) | 1996-01-31 | 1996-01-31 | Gear oil and its production |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3572396A JPH09208976A (en) | 1996-01-31 | 1996-01-31 | Gear oil and its production |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09208976A true JPH09208976A (en) | 1997-08-12 |
Family
ID=12449783
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3572396A Pending JPH09208976A (en) | 1996-01-31 | 1996-01-31 | Gear oil and its production |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH09208976A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004074414A1 (en) * | 2003-02-21 | 2004-09-02 | Nippon Oil Corporation | Lubricating oil composition for transmission |
| JP2004262979A (en) * | 2003-02-21 | 2004-09-24 | Nippon Oil Corp | Lubricating oil composition for transmission |
| JP2004262980A (en) * | 2003-02-21 | 2004-09-24 | Nippon Oil Corp | Lubricating oil composition for transmission |
| JP2009520078A (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2009-05-21 | エクソンモービル リサーチ アンド エンジニアリング カンパニー | Lubricating oil composition with improved solubility |
| US7704928B2 (en) | 2004-06-01 | 2010-04-27 | Nippon Oil Corporation | Lubricating oil composition for manual transmission |
| WO2014103426A1 (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-03 | Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | Lubricating oil composition |
| WO2017158894A1 (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2017-09-21 | 国立大学法人東北大学 | Lubricant oil |
| RU2698203C2 (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2019-08-23 | Шелл Интернэшнл Рисерч Маатсхаппий Б.В. | Lubricating oil composition |
-
1996
- 1996-01-31 JP JP3572396A patent/JPH09208976A/en active Pending
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004074414A1 (en) * | 2003-02-21 | 2004-09-02 | Nippon Oil Corporation | Lubricating oil composition for transmission |
| JP2004262979A (en) * | 2003-02-21 | 2004-09-24 | Nippon Oil Corp | Lubricating oil composition for transmission |
| JP2004262980A (en) * | 2003-02-21 | 2004-09-24 | Nippon Oil Corp | Lubricating oil composition for transmission |
| US9102897B2 (en) | 2003-02-21 | 2015-08-11 | Nippon Oil Corporation | Lubricating oil composition for transmissions |
| US7704928B2 (en) | 2004-06-01 | 2010-04-27 | Nippon Oil Corporation | Lubricating oil composition for manual transmission |
| JP2009520078A (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2009-05-21 | エクソンモービル リサーチ アンド エンジニアリング カンパニー | Lubricating oil composition with improved solubility |
| WO2014103426A1 (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-03 | Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | Lubricating oil composition |
| JP2014129483A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-10 | Jx Nippon Oil & Energy Corp | Lubricant composition |
| US9567546B2 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2017-02-14 | Jx Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation | Lubricating oil composition |
| RU2698203C2 (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2019-08-23 | Шелл Интернэшнл Рисерч Маатсхаппий Б.В. | Lubricating oil composition |
| US11198832B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2021-12-14 | Shell Oil Company | Lubricating oil composition |
| WO2017158894A1 (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2017-09-21 | 国立大学法人東北大学 | Lubricant oil |
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