JPH09205894A - Underlay paper for raising seedling of plant and raising seedling method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prepare an underlay sheet for a raising seedling box which is suitable for the raising seedling of a plant such as a paddy rice vegetables, and a flower. SOLUTION: The decay resistance is increased by mixing >=1wt.% wet- resistance reinforcing resin with plant natural fiber for papermaking, and a mixture which is at a 0.4-5.6wt.% mixture rate is suitable for a 15-90-day raising seedling period. Further, paper is underlaid in a raising seedling box and a plant is raised to properly entwine roots in a map shape by the effect of the raising seedling underlay paper without making the roots penetrate doon the underlay paper substantially; and the paper is putrefied and decomposed at the end of the raising seedling. Therefore, this underlay paper is used for raising seedling to save the labor for farmwork at the time of transplanting the raised seedling and also obtain advantages of economy.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an underlayment paper for raising seedlings used for raising seedlings of plants such as paddy rice, vegetables and flowers.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a method of raising and transplanting seedlings has been widely adopted for the cultivation of paddy rice, vegetables, flowers and the like. That is,
This is a method in which seedlings such as nursery boxes and containers are used to grow seedlings for a certain period of time, and then the seedlings are planted by a transplanter and manually. From the aspect of compatibility of transplanting system such as transplanter, the seedlings have a certain size and can be easily separated one by one.
Conditions such as the roots being intertwined at the bottom of the seedling to form a mat are required. In order to satisfy these conditions, a method of laying an underlayment paper sheet having various performances on a nursery box and raising the seedlings on the box is adopted.

As one of the methods for growing seedlings using an underlay paper, there is a method of laying paper such as newspaper having extremely low corrosion resistance on the bottom and forming a seedbed on the bottom. These are cheap, but the strength of the paper is weak and the decay is fast, so that the roots grow outside the box from the drainage bottom hole of the nursery box during nursery. In such a case, it becomes difficult to easily take out the seedlings from the box at the time of transplantation, and the root cutting outside the box is involved, which is a burden on agricultural work. Further, the following is known as another method for growing seedlings using an underlay paper (thin film). 1. A method for cultivating seedlings by laying a root deterrence agent on the bottom of a nursery box, laying a plurality of paper sheets (old newspaper, etc.) on top of this, and forming a soil nursery on the top of the paper sheet 52-
47410). 2. By forming a number of grooves of appropriate depth in the direction intersecting the folds of the flute paper from the side of the liner paper on the single-faced corrugated board, a large number of grooves are formed in the valleys of the folds on the side of the flute paper of this single-sided corrugated board. A method for cultivating seedlings by laying a seedling-growing paper forming a through hole on the bottom and forming a soil seedbed on the upper surface (Sukeko 56-48133). 3. A non-corrosive non-woven sheet-like thin film having innumerable bendable micropores (30 microns or less) penetrating substantially continuously from the front surface to the back surface Then, a method of laying this thin film on the bottom of the box and forming a soil nursery on the upper surface to raise seedlings (Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-2
0325). 4. A method of using a mat-type seedling raising paper in which liquid or paper fibers are loosely released, without forming a soil seedbed on the upper surface, and raising the seedling as this seedling seedling (JP-A-62-6993).
8, JP-A-62-19029). 5. Main material is fibrin-based material (wood and non-wood fiber), synthetic polymer (thermosetting resin or thermoplastic resin) is mixed with this, and mat type nursery paper is used which is heat-molded. A method for raising seedlings by forming an upper nursery on the upper surface (Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-6613). 6. A nonwoven fabric sheet obtained by mixing polyolefin fibers and vegetable natural fibers, wherein a thin film of 10 to 15% by weight of the vegetable natural fibers is laid on the bottom of the box and soil Method of raising seedlings by forming a nursery (Japanese Patent Publication Sho 63-
298139). In any of the above-mentioned seedling raising methods, seedlings in which the roots are entwined in a mat-like shape are formed, but they have the following drawbacks. 2,
In No. 4, a very complicated process is required for producing paper, which is expensive and uneconomical. In No. 1, paper itself is inexpensive, but it takes time and effort to prepare a nursery bed, and materials other than paper are required. Non-corrosive sheets are used in Nos. 3, 5 and 6, so there is an advantage that this sheet can be used several times, but it is necessary to remove the remaining sheet from the seedlings when transplanting the seedlings. Extra work is required during busy transplant work. Due to this situation, farmers are not satisfied with the methods currently used for growing seedlings in which the roots are intertwined in a mat-like shape, and these drawbacks are found in terms of workability and economy. We hope to develop a new seedling raising method to solve this problem.

[0004]

In order to solve these conventional drawbacks, the present invention makes it possible to grow a seedling having a mat-like root entanglement suitable for a transplantation system by a simpler and less expensive method than before. Above, when taking seedlings at the time of transplant,
It is an object of the present invention to provide an underlayment paper for raising seedlings that does not require the work of peeling the underlayment paper and the work of cutting off the roots extending outside the seedling raising box.

[0005]

In the present invention, the use of an underlayment paper containing vegetable-derived natural fibers for papermaking with 0.1% by weight or more of a wettability-enhancing resin for raising seedlings results in increased rot resistance. During the seedling raising period, roots do not substantially penetrate under the underlaying paper, and at the same time, the seedlings and an appropriate mat-like root entanglement are formed, and at the same time, at the end of the seedling raising, the underlaying paper is provided by the action of the microorganisms of the cultivating soil. Knew that he had almost decayed and collapsed.

In the present invention, basically, a wetting-resistant reinforcing resin is added to a vegetable natural fiber for papermaking in an amount of 0.1% by weight or more, preferably 0.2 to 10.0% by weight, and more preferably 0.4. ~
The present invention relates to an underlayment paper for plant nursery, which is blended at a ratio of 5.0% by weight. In addition, the present invention provides a natural vegetable fiber for papermaking with 0.1% by weight or more, preferably 0.2% by weight or more of a wet-resistant reinforcing resin.
The present invention relates to an underlayment paper for plant raising, which is prepared by making a paper material mixed in a proportion of from 10 to 10% by weight, more preferably from 0.4 to 5.0% by weight.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a moisture-resistant reinforcing resin in an amount of 0.1% in a seedling for paddy rice, vegetables, flowers and the like, which is laid with underlay paper.
Characterized by using an underlaying paper blended in an amount of at least wt%, the roots of the plants are not substantially penetrated under the underlaying paper during the seedling raising period, and the underlaying paper is decomposed by microorganisms in the nursery soil at the end of the seedling raising. The present invention relates to a method for raising seedlings.

The underlayment paper for plant seedling raising of the present invention is not non-corrosive, but paper that retains more corrosion resistance than underlayment paper or newspaper having a significantly low corrosion resistance hitherto on the market. Is. In general, there are various methods for increasing the wet strength of paper, but the paper in which the melamine-formaldehyde resin region is mixed with the wet-resistant reinforcing resin typified by polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin resin in the natural fiber for papermaking has a high performance. Is also known to be economically effective.

In the present invention, various studies were conducted in order to improve the underlayment paper for raising seedlings. As a result, 0.1% by weight or more, preferably 0.2 to 10.0% by weight, of these wet-resistant reinforcing resins was added. Paper does not undergo secondary processing such as heat treatment and addition of preservatives, and is effective in providing an appropriate degree of corrosion resistance. As the blending ratio increases, the time until the underlayment paper decomposes and decays is increased. It was also found that it can be delayed appropriately. And, in the seedling raising condition of the average temperature 23 ℃,
As a result of testing the relationship between the blending ratio of the wet-strength-resistant resin and the number of days that the underlayment rots and collapses to a state of almost no paper strength, the wet-wet-strengthened resin blending ratio is 0.5% by weight and the underlay paper is used on day 15 Was decomposed by decay, and the number of days became longer as the blending ratio increased, and the blending ratio of the wet-proof reinforced resin was 5.0% by weight.
At 90 days, the result was obtained that the underlayment paper almost decomposed and decayed. From this, in the normal seedling raising period (about 15 to 90 days) of paddy rice, vegetables and flowers, the moisture resistance enhancing resin content of 0.4 to 5.0% by weight is the most suitable practical range. If it is short, the blending ratio is low, if it is long, increase it, and by selecting a paper suitable for the seedling raising conditions, it has an appropriate mat-like root entanglement, and at the time of transplanting seedlings, underlay paper It is possible to eliminate the work of peeling and root cutting of the roots extending outside the nursery box.

The underlayment paper for plant raising of the present invention is mainly composed of softwood, hardwood kraft pulp, ground pulp, and other various pulps for papermaking, meals in the pulping process, recycled pulp, and further pagas, cotton, kenaf, etc. Plant fibers and bark are used. On the other hand, melamine-formaldehyde resin or polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin resin is mainly used as the wetting resistance-enhancing resin, and in addition, polyamideurea-formaldehyde resin or the like can be used. These wet-strength strengthening resins are supplied in the form of an aqueous solution or a solution, and they are well mixed and mixed with the raw pulp.

The stock containing the wet-resistant reinforcing resin is paper-made by a general paper machine such as a Fourdrinier paper machine, a round-net paper machine, and a short-net paper machine to obtain the underlayment paper for plant raising of the present invention. To be

Test Example 1. (Comparison of characteristics between seedling raising base paper of the present invention and conventional products) Table 1 shows three types of seedling raising base paper as test distinctions, and Table 2
The characteristics of the underlayment papers for raising seedlings are shown as test results.

[0013]

[Table 1]

[0014]

[Table 2]

The measuring method of this measurement item is based on the JIS method. In addition, regarding the residual strength after burial among the measurement items, the temperature is 30 ° C. and the humidity is 95 to 100.
% Under the ambient environment conditions, the underlay paper with a width of 60 mm was buried in soil with a moisture content of 33% by weight, and the paper wet tensile strength (hereinafter referred to as residual strength after burial) was measured after a certain period of time. It was used as a measure of corruption. The underlayment paper used in this test was 48.5% by weight of unbleached kraft pulp of softwood, 48.5% by weight of bleached kraft pulp of hardwood and melamine.
A paper stock comprising 3% by weight of a formaldehyde resin (10% aqueous solution) (all on a dry basis) was fed to a Fourdrinier cylinder paper machine to produce paper, and the basis weight was 50 g / m ² . As a result of this test, the underlayment paper of the present invention is thicker, has lower water absorption, has a significantly higher dry and wet tensile strength, and has strong corrosion resistance as compared with commercial products and newspapers. Was recognized. From this property, when the seedling underlayment paper of the present invention is used for local seedling raising, it maintains a strong wet tensile strength in the early stage of seedling, and then gradually disintegrates, at the end of seedling growth, there is almost no wet tensile strength, so-called underlay paper. Is estimated to be in a state of decay and decay.

Test Example 2. (Degree of decay of paper due to the influence of the blending ratio of the moisture resistance-enhancing resin to the plant-derived natural fiber for papermaking) The underlayment paper in which the blending ratio of the moisture resistance-enhancing resin (melamine-formaldehyde resin) to the paper is changed. It was used to investigate the influence of the blending ratio of the wet-resistant reinforcing resin on the residual strength after burial.
The residual strength after burial is the same as in Test Example 1. Table 3 shows the results.

[0017]

[Table 3]

As a result, the strength sharply increased until the blending ratio was 3% by weight, gradually increased thereafter, and became constant after 5% by weight. At the same time, under the conditions of raising the seedling at an average temperature of 23 ° C, the relationship between the blending ratio of the wet-strength-enhancing resin and the number of days when the underlaying paper rots and collapses (wet tensile strength becomes unmeasurable) to a state where there is almost no paper strength As a result of the test, when the blending ratio of the wet-strength-resistant resin was 0.5% by weight, the underlay paper almost decomposed on the 15th day, and the number of days became longer as the blending ratio increased. 90% by weight
On the day, the result was that the underlayment paper almost collapsed. Considering these results and the normally conducted seedling raising period, the range of the blending ratio of the moisture resistance strengthening resin is 0.4
It can be said that ~ 5.0% by weight is the most preferable. In the case of plants, the seedling raising period varies depending on the seedling raising conditions such as the type and ambient temperature and the water content of the seedling raising soil, so if the seedling raising period is short, the mixing ratio is set low, and if it is long, the mixing ratio is set high. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the target seedling raising period and the time when the underlayment paper rots and collapses.

[0019]

【Example】

[0020]

[Example 1] 48.5% by weight unbleached softwood kraft pulp, 48.5% by weight hardwood bleached kraft pulp, and 3.0% by weight melamine-formaldehyde resin (all on a dry basis)
The paper stock having the above composition was fed to a Fourdrinier multi-cylinder paper machine to produce paper, and an underlayment paper for raising seedlings having a basis weight of 50 g / m ² was obtained. Cut the above-mentioned underlay paper into a size of 277 × 577 mm, spread it on a commercially available seedling box for paddy rice, fill it with a soil containing a mixture of mountain soil and peat moss, and put 200 g of germinated paddy rice (cultivar: Himenomochi) on it.
Was sown and covered with soil. Raising seedlings was carried out in a seedling raising house, and seedling management was carried out in accordance with a general paddy rice seedling raising method, and a survey was conducted within a seedling raising period of 35 days. As a control, a non-woven sheet "Carneco" (trade name of Mitsui Petrochemical Co., Ltd.) using polyolefin fiber as a base was used for the same treatment, and a comparative test was conducted. As a result, there was no difference in the amount of seedlings grown and the degree of formation of the root mat between the underlayment paper of the present invention and the control group, and there was no trouble in the transplanting operation by the transplanting machine, and both groups were in a stable state. However, the underlayment paper of the present invention is decomposed and decayed to a completely paperless state at the time of transplantation, and while the transplanting operation by the transplanter could be performed as it is, the control sheet was at the time of transplanting and at the start of seedling raising. In the same condition, it was necessary to remove the sheet when installing the seedlings in the transplanter.

[0021]

[Example 2] A stock containing a blend of 70.0% by weight of softwood ground pulp, 25.0% by weight of recycled pulp and 5.0% by weight of polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin resin (all on a dry basis) was applied to a cylinder net Yankee paper machine. Supply and weigh 40
An underlayment paper for raising seedlings of g / m ² was obtained. 277 x the above-mentioned underlay paper
Cut it to a size of 577 mm, spread it on a commercially available seedling box for paddy rice, and use a paper pot (registered trademark of Nippon Sugar Beet Sugar Co., Ltd .; cylinder 27 mm square × 38 mm high) as a seedling container.
220 pieces / volume) were set up, Nitten green soil (Nippon Beet Sugar Manufacturing Co., Ltd. trade name) was packed, and 3 green onion seeds (variety: Nishikizo) were sown in one pot to cover the soil. Raising seedlings was carried out in a seedling raising house, and seedling management was carried out in accordance with a general seedling raising management method, and a survey was conducted with a seedling raising period of 90 days. The same treatment was carried out using newspaper as a control, and a comparative test was carried out. As a result, there was no difference in the growth amount of seedlings between the underlayment paper of the present invention and the control group, but the degree of paper rot at the time of transplantation is such that the underlayment paper of the present invention rots to the extent that it has no paper strength. While the traces of the newspapers remained, the newspapers in the control area were completely decomposed and decayed. For this reason, when taking seedlings, the underlay paper paper section of the present invention did not hinder at all, whereas in the control section, since the roots of the seedlings extend to the ground through the holes of the nursery box, it is necessary to cut the roots. there were. Even when the seedlings are manually transplanted, the underlay paper section of the present invention prevents the seedling cultivation soil from collapsing at the bottom of the paper pot and prevents the seedling cultivation soil from forming a block, so the transplanting work is stable. In contrast to this, in the control area, the seedling cultivation soil collapsed frequently from the paper pot, and stable transplanting work could not be performed.

[0022]

Example 3 Softwood unbleached kraft pulp 70.0% by weight
A stock containing a mixture of 29.5% by weight of recycled pulp and 0.5% by weight of melamine-formaldehyde resin (all on a dry basis) was fed to a fourdrinier multi-column Yankee paper machine and weighed 50%.
An underlayment paper for raising seedlings of g / m ² was obtained. 277 x the above-mentioned underlay paper
Cut it to a size of 577 mm, spread it on a commercially available seedling box for paddy rice, and put a paper pot (registered trademark of Nippon Sugar Beet Sugar Co., Ltd .; cylinder 35 mm square × 38 mm high) on it.
128 pieces / volume) were set up, Nitten Super Bailing (Nippon Beet Sugar Manufacturing Co., Ltd. trade name) was packed, and 1 Chinese cabbage coat seed (variety; Harusakari) was sown in 1 pot and covered with soil. Raising seedlings was carried out in a seedling raising house, and seedling management was carried out in accordance with the general customary seedling raising method, and the survey was conducted within 15 days of raising seedlings. As a result, the degree of paper rot at the time of transplantation was such that the underlayment paper of the present invention rots to the extent that it has no paper strength, but the traces of the paper remained, whereas the control paper It was completely corrupted and corrupted. For this reason, when the seedlings were installed in the transplanter, the underlayment paper section of the present invention did not hinder at all, whereas in the control section, the roots of the seedlings extended to the ground through the holes of the nursery box, and the work of cutting the roots Was needed. Further, even when the seedlings are put into the seedling supply cup after transplantation, the underlayment paper section of the present invention prevents the roots intertwined in the lower part of the paper pot from collapsing the seedling-raising soil, and the seedling-raising soil forms a block. Although the seedling supply work was easy, in the control plot, the seedling cultivation soil collapsed frequently from the paper pots, and stable transplant work could not be performed.

[0023]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The underlayment paper for raising seedlings according to the present invention comprises paddy rice, vegetables,
Within the period of raising seedlings of plants such as flowers, the roots did not substantially penetrate under the underlayment paper and formed a proper mat-like root entanglement, and retained the characteristic that it decayed and decayed at the end of seedling raising. It's paper. Due to these effects, using this paper as seedling underlayment paper saves labor for seedling and transplanting work compared to conventional products, contributes to labor saving of agricultural work, and because this paper itself is cheap, it is economical for farmers. There is an advantage that it is also advantageous.

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] February 23, 1996

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0017

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0017]

[Table 3]

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A natural natural fiber for papermaking, containing 0.1% by weight or more of a wet-resistant reinforcing resin, preferably 0.2 to 10.0% by weight, and more preferably 0.4 to 5.0% by weight. Underlay paper for plant raising and seeding that is mixed in a ratio. 2. A natural natural fiber for papermaking, containing 0.1% by weight or more of a wet-resistant reinforcing resin, preferably 0.2 to 10.0% by weight, more preferably 0.4 to 5.0% by weight. An underlayment paper for plant nursery, which is made by making paper materials mixed in a ratio. 3. An underlayment paper containing 0.1% by weight or more of a moisture resistance strengthening resin for raising seedlings of paddy rice, vegetables, flowers and the like by using the underlayment paper, and the root of the plant is substantially underlayed during the seedling raising period. A seedling raising method characterized in that the underlayment paper is decomposed and decomposed by microorganisms in the seedling raising soil at the end of seedling raising without penetrating under the seedlings. 4. The underlayment paper for plant raising or the method for raising seedlings according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the wet-strength-resistant resin is a melamine-formaldehyde resin or a polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin resin.