JPH09190463A - Pedestrain flow rate simulation system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simply obtain the flow rate of pedestrians using the facility at the design planning step of a large-scale facility by calculating the number of average staying persons at each mesh time sequentially based on pedestrians' moving route, moving direction and moving velocity. SOLUTION: A flat surface input means reads in the flat surface of an object facility by means of an image scanner 2 to display 4 on the picture on the display of a personal computer 1. A mesh group preparing means prepares the mesh group M of a size capable of covering a flow on the flat surface. Next, a mesh attribute specifying means specifies the kind of the mesh. Next, a mesh attribute data input means inputs attribute data of generation, absorbing and a drop-in mesh. Then a flow rate simulation execution means calculates the average number of the staying persons at each mesh time sequentially. Based on the pedestrians' moving model built in like this, the average number of the staying persons at each mesh is calculated time sequentially to display on a display and printout the range of the number of average staying persons at each mesh time sequentially and by classifying.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the flow rate of pedestrians who use a facility at the planning stage of large-scale facilities such as complex development of railway terminal stations and large-scale facilities, theaters, and large-scale commercial facilities. It belongs to the technical field of simulation systems that can point out problems in planning and propose appropriate arrangement or appropriate scale of facility equipment by evaluating a plan.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a floor plan in the design planning work of a large-scale facility is a subjective plan based on intuition and experience, and it is not an exaggeration to say that there was no objective planning technique in the floor plan. .

[0003]

However, as buildings are becoming more complex, larger, and more complex, it is not a subjective plan as in the conventional method but a more objective and comprehensive plan evaluation (safety evaluation). Techniques, such as ease of use and ease of use). In the field of research, simulation systems that deal with human movements, such as evacuation safety studies, have become a common solution. An example of applying this method to actual planned projects is the planning of stairs or waiting rooms in station buildings (August 1992, Summary of Academic Lectures at the Architectural Institute of Japan, pp. 413-416). There are not many examples of application to the building. In addition, the simulation system uses a general-purpose computer, and cannot be used by the person in charge of planning using a personal computer or the like, and its general practicality is low.

As described above, a conventional simulation system needs to describe a model according to its purpose, requires knowledge of modeling rules and programming, and reproduces human behavior faithfully. Then, the model became complicated and a large computer such as a general-purpose machine was required.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem, and at the design planning stage of a large-scale facility, the flow rate of pedestrians who use the facility can be easily calculated, and the plan is based on the result. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pedestrian flow rate simulation system which can point out a problem in planning by suggesting a plan and propose an appropriate arrangement of facilities in the facility or an appropriate scale.

[0006]

To this end, the pedestrian flow rate simulation system of the present invention uses a means for inputting a plan view of a target facility with an image scanner and a polygon mesh group on the input plan view. Means, means for specifying attributes such as pedestrian occurrence, horizontal movement, slope movement, stop-by or absorption for each created mesh, means for inputting start and end times and time steps of simulation, and the generation , Means for inputting the flow rate of pedestrians in time series for meshes with attributes of stop-by and absorption, and determining the moving path, moving direction and moving speed of pedestrians, and based on this, the average of each mesh in time series It is characterized by comprising means for calculating the number of visitors and means for outputting the average number of visitors of each mesh.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a system configuration diagram of the present invention, which comprises a personal computer 1 having a display 4, a keyboard 5, and a mouse 6, and an image scanner 2 and a color printer 3 connected to the personal computer 1.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of simulation according to the present invention to explain the flow of processing, and FIG.
It is a top view of a target facility for explaining a simulation of the present invention. Figure 3 shows the vicinity of the concourse of the station, C is the concourse, P is the ticket gate, T is the ticket vending machine, S is the store, D is the down stairs, U is the up stairs. Pedestrians can enter and exit at a total of 4 places, the mouth P and the three stairs on the side of the shopping district, on the side of the ward road, and on the side of the passage.

First, in the plan view input means of the target facility in step S1, the plan view of the target facility shown in FIG. 3 is read by the image scanner 2 and displayed on the screen of the display 4 of the personal computer 1. Next, in the mesh group creating means in step S2, as shown in FIG. 4, a mesh group M having a size capable of covering the flow on the plan view is created.
The shape of the mesh is preferably, for example, a regular hexagon in which a circle having a diameter of about 3 m is inscribed, but the shape is not limited to this, and any polygon may be used as long as the mesh can be spread without a gap. The plan view and the mesh creation view that have been read have a layered structure.

Next, the type of mesh is designated by the mesh attribute designating means in step S3. Note that FIG. 4 shows a state in the middle of designating the attributes of the mesh. The mesh attribute indicates a facility element that constitutes a plane, and the following 6 types are provided.

Generating mesh: Inflow location from each passage (in this example, four points on the side of the ticket gate, shopping street side, ward road side, and passage side) into the facility (concourse C in this example) Absorption mesh: that Place where the water flows out from the facility to each aisle Gradient mesh: A place where walking speed is slower than a horizontal road due to gradient movement of stairs or slopes Stop-by mesh: Place where walking temporarily stops such as at a store or ticket vending machine Movement mesh: Horizontal Flat road that is a movement Unnecessary mesh: Pillars, vegetation, outside walls, places where walking is not allowed, such as restricted areas When the above mesh attributes are specified, preset patterns and colors are displayed on each mesh on the screen. Since there are many moving meshes, they are displayed in white without any designation. FIG. 5 shows a screen in which the designation of mesh attributes is completed in this way.

Next, in the mesh attribute data input means in step S4, the attribute data of the generation, absorption and stop-by meshes are input. First, when the simulation start time 7:30, the end time 9:30, and the time interval of 30 minutes are input, the spreadsheets shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 are created and displayed on the screen. In this spreadsheet, the mesh number and mesh type are displayed, and each input item is entered. The mesh number is assigned by computer processing when the mesh group is created, and when a certain mesh is selected with the mouse, the mesh number is displayed. The mesh type is a number assigned by the designation of the mesh attribute. Here, 1 is the generation mesh, 2 is the absorption mesh, and 3 is the stop-by mesh.

Each input item of the spreadsheet will be described. The mesh name is a name arbitrarily set by the user in correspondence with the mesh numbers of the generation, absorption and stop-by meshes.

As for the target ticket vending machine which becomes the ticket gate in the absorption mesh, the non-commuter ticket user designates, as an attribute, which ticket vending machine to use by the mesh number.

The non-target absorption mesh number is designated when there is an absorption mesh that does not allow absorption in the generation mesh (a person generated in the generation mesh does not return to the adjacent absorption mesh). The designated non-target absorption mesh is excluded from the target of the ratio calculation when calculating the destination ratio.

The capacity specifies the upper limit value of the number of people allowed in the stop-by mesh, and the service time specifies the time from the entry into the stop-by mesh to the exit.

For the flow amount (including the stop-by amount), time series data of the flow amount is set in the generation, absorption and stop-by mesh, and the number of commuter pass users does not depend on the ticket vending machine. Since it goes directly to the ticket gate, set the time series data of the number of users in the absorption mesh (station ticket gate).

When the above input and setting are completed, the flow amount simulation executing means in step S5 calculates the average number of residents of each mesh in time series (for example, every 30 minutes). For that calculation, the computer program incorporates modeling of pedestrian movement as follows.

Determining the Destination The destination of the pedestrian generated in the generation mesh a is, as shown in FIG. 8, stochastically depending on the absorption amount of all the absorption meshes B, C and D, and with what probability. Decide whether to go,
The computer calculates based on this.

Method of movement When the mesh is hexagonal, there are six ways of movement. The pedestrian generated by the generation mesh selects the shortest distance to the absorption mesh (or the stop mesh) which is the destination of the pedestrian and moves. As shown in FIG. 9, the shortest route to be selected depends on the distance matrix (mesh number to the destination is described in each mesh) for the mesh as the destination. FIG.
In, the black coating indicates unnecessary meshes, and the distance from the absorbing mesh to the generating mesh is indicated by the number of meshes. Therefore, the shortest path from the generation mesh to the absorption mesh moves to a mesh that is less than the number of meshes in which the mesh exists, and three paths of 5 → 4 → 3 → 2 → 1 are selected.

Direction of movement When there are a plurality of shortest routes to be selected, as shown in FIG. 10A, the mesh having the smallest distance matrix value is selected from the meshes adjacent to the position where the user is, and 10
As shown in (B), when the value of the distance matrix of the next moving mesh is the same at a certain time point, the mesh having the lower density of the number of visitors is selected.

Moving speed In the computer program, the horizontal moving speed of the moving mesh and the ascending / descending speed of the gradient mesh are incorporated so as to change the speed according to the density of the number of visitors of the mesh.

On the basis of the pedestrian movement model incorporated as described above, the average number of visitors of each mesh is calculated in time series, and in step S6, the range of the average number of visitors of each mesh is set in time series. Display or print out by color. FIG. 11 shows an output example of the simulation according to the present invention. The range of the average number of residents and the pattern setting can be changed. Then, by evaluating the level of service level, it is possible to point out a problem in planning and propose an appropriate arrangement of facilities in the facility or an appropriate scale.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described above.
The present invention is not limited to the above example, and various modifications can be made. For example, in the above embodiment, the flow rate of a pedestrian in a two-dimensional plane was simulated, but the flow rate of a pedestrian in a three-dimensional space can also be simulated. In that case, an elevator mesh, an escalator mesh, or the like may be provided as a mesh attribute, and the moving speed may be set for each mesh.

[0025]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily calculate the flow rate of the pedestrian who uses the facility at the design planning stage of the large-scale facility. By evaluating the plan based on this, it is possible to point out the problems in the plan and propose the appropriate arrangement of facilities in the facility or the appropriate scale.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a simulation of the present invention and explaining a flow of the processing.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a target facility for explaining the simulation of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining creation of a mesh group and designation of mesh attributes in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a screen in which designation of mesh attributes is completed in the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the input of mesh attribute data in the present invention.

FIG. 7 is similar to FIG.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a method of determining a destination of a pedestrian in the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a method of moving a pedestrian in the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the direction of movement of a pedestrian in the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining an output example of a simulation according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Personal computer, 2 ... Image scanner, 3 ... Color printer 4 ... Display ... Generation mesh, ... Absorption mesh, ... Gradient mesh, ... Stopping mesh ... Moving mesh

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kaoru Aihara 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A means for inputting a plan view of a target facility with an image scanner, a means for creating a polygonal mesh group on the input plan view, and a pedestrian generation and horizontal movement for each created mesh. , Means for specifying attributes such as slope movement, stop-by or absorption, means for inputting start and end times and time steps of simulation, and flow of pedestrians in time series with respect to the mesh having the above-mentioned generation, stop-by and absorption attributes. The means for inputting the amount, the means for determining the moving path, the moving direction, and the moving speed of the pedestrian, and the means for calculating the average number of visitors of each mesh in time series based on this, the average number of visitors of each mesh are A pedestrian flow rate simulation system comprising: means for outputting. 2. The pedestrian flow rate simulation system according to claim 1, wherein the means for outputting the average number of visitors outputs each mesh in different colors according to the average number of visitors.