JPH09177948A - Lubricating structure of gear equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable a gear equipment having no oil pump to be forcedly lubricated similar as an oil pump, by scraping up oil. SOLUTION: By providing a guide 1 by which a counter gear Gc5 immersed in oil is covered inside a staged transmission, and further to which a tube 2 has been connected to the end part on the advanced side of rotation, the forcibly jetted oil scraped up by the pressure due to agitation is supplied to the drive gear set through the tube 2. Accordingly, similar to an oil pump, all the oil scraped up is utilized, so that lubricating oil can be supplied even to a lubrication-required part high in arrangement height, and also oil is not deficient even if the staged transmission is inclined.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gear mechanism in which a gear mechanism is housed in a case, and the gear mechanism is lubricated by scraping the oil by a rotating member immersed in the oil in the case. A device, in particular, its lubrication structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional lubricating structure for gear devices using scraping oil, there is, for example, the one described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-71526.

This is a ring gear of a differential gear device, which scrapes up the oil in the case and scatters the scraped oil through a cover having a U-shaped cross section provided on the outer peripheral portion of the ring gear. Oil is collected at the oil intake port and oil is supplied to each lubrication unit from a conduit connected to the oil intake port.

[0004]

However, in such a lubrication structure, the cover provided on the upper portion of the outer peripheral portion of the ring gear prevents the scraping oil from being scattered by the ring gear and removes the oil from the scattered oil. The oil guided to the inlet and guided by the cover has a structure in which it flows by gravity from the oil intake formed separately from the cover, and therefore the arrangement and size of the oil intake. Will determine the amount of oil that can be supplied to the lubrication part. Furthermore, since the oil is supplied by natural fall, it cannot be supplied to a lubrication requesting portion higher than the oil intake.

Further, for example, the gear device is a transmission having a gear transmission mechanism in which a plurality of gears are sequentially arranged side by side in the axial direction. For example, in a FR vehicle (front engine with engine vertically installed / rear wheel drive vehicle). In the case of the vertical transmission adopted, especially on an uphill road, the oil in the transmission case is biased toward the rear of the gear transmission, and there is not enough oil for scraping in front of the gear transmission. It is possible to do it.

The present invention has been made in view of such a fact, and by providing a guide having a U-shaped cross section for covering the outer peripheral portion of the rotating member immersed in the oil, the oil scattered by the scraping of the rotating member. The purpose is to eliminate the above-mentioned problems by controlling the flow of oil stirred in the oil, rather than guiding the.

[0007]

For this purpose, the lubrication structure for a gear device according to claim 1 of the present invention has a gear mechanism housed in a case and is immersed in oil in the case. In the gear device in which the gear mechanism is lubricated by scraping up the oil by the rotating member, a guide having a U-shaped cross section for covering the outer peripheral portion of the rotating member immersed in the oil is provided, and the guide is further provided. Of the ends of the rotary member, a conduit is connected to the end of the rotary member on the advance side in the rotation direction, and the conduit is extended so as to be directed to the lubrication request portion.

That is, in the lubricating structure of the gear device according to the present invention, the guide having a U-shaped cross section covers the outer peripheral portion of the rotating member immersed in the oil, so that the oil scattered by the scraping of the rotating member is scattered. Instead of guiding it, the flow of the oil stirred by the rotating member in the oil is controlled, and the scraped oil that is forcibly injected by the pressure of the stirring of the rotating member is lubricated to the lubrication request portion via the conduit. It is supplied as oil.

A lubrication structure for a gear device according to a second aspect is the transmission according to the first aspect, wherein the gear device is a gear transmission mechanism in which a plurality of gears are sequentially arranged side by side in the axial direction. In the case where it is arranged vertically in the engine room of the vehicle, it is characterized in that, as the rotating member, of the gears forming the gear shift mechanism, the gear located at the rearmost of the vehicle is applied. is there.

Further, according to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a lubricating structure for a gear device according to the second aspect, wherein the gear transmission mechanism is constantly rotated by a gear on an output shaft coaxially arranged with respect to the input shaft and the input shaft. As described above, the gears fixed to the counter shaft are applied as the rotating member when the gears are meshed with the gears on the counter shaft juxtaposed below the output shaft. is there.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a lubricating structure for a gear device according to the third aspect, wherein the rotating member is a gear having the largest diameter among the gears fixed to the counter shaft. It is a feature.

In addition, the lubrication structure for a gear device according to a fifth aspect is provided between the input shaft and the counter shaft so that the counter shaft is always rotated by the input shaft. The conduit is directed to a gear set.

[0013]

As described above, in the lubrication structure of the gear device according to claim 1 of the present invention, the scraping oil forcibly injected by the pressure by the stirring of the rotating member is discharged by the hydraulic pressure generator. Since it acts as a pressure, an effect equivalent to that of the hydraulic pressure generating device can be obtained, and the lubricating oil can be supplied to the lubrication requesting portion having a high arrangement height. Further, among the end portions of the guide having a U-shaped cross section, since the conduit is connected to the end portion of the rotating member on the advance side in the rotation direction, all of the scraping oil can be used as lubricating oil. In addition, since the guide covers the outer peripheral portion of the rotary member that is immersed in oil, even if the gear device is tilted, there is no shortage of oil scraped by the rotary member.

Further, since the lubrication structure of the gear device is composed of the guide and the conduit, it can be easily attached to the existing gear device, and the high precision machining is not required. Therefore, the cost can be increased by the number of parts and the assembling work. The cost can be reduced as compared with the case where a hydraulic pressure generator that raises the pressure is used.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gear device lubrication structure according to the first aspect, wherein when the gear device is a transmission vertically arranged in an engine room of a vehicle, the rotating member is a gear. Of the gears that make up the speed change mechanism, the gear located closest to the rear of the vehicle is applied, so that the oil that is biased rearward is lubricated especially when traveling on an uphill road where the load on the gear speed change mechanism becomes large and lubrication is required. It can be efficiently used as oil.

Further, according to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a lubricating structure for a gear device according to the second aspect, wherein the gear transmission mechanism is always rotated by a gear on an output shaft coaxially arranged with respect to the input shaft and the input shaft. As described above, in the case of mutual meshing with the gear on the counter shaft juxtaposed below the output shaft, since the guide is applied to the gear of the counter shaft which is constantly rotating, the lubricating oil is always applied. Can be supplied.

In addition, the lubrication structure of the gear device according to a fourth aspect is that, in the third aspect, the guide is the gear having the largest diameter among the gears fixed to the counter shaft. The stirring force by the gear is large,
A large amount of lubricating oil can be supplied at high pressure.

Further, in the lubrication structure of the gear device according to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the third or fourth aspect, the conduit is directed to a gear set provided between the input shaft and the counter shaft. Lubricate the gear set, which tends to run short of lubricating oil, from the rear side where the oil is biased, even on the uphill where the load on the gear shift mechanism becomes large and lubrication tends to run short in the front of the vehicle. Oil can be efficiently supplied.

[0019]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
This will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

FIG. 1 shows, as a gear device, a stepped transmission for FR vehicles (front engine / rear wheel drive vehicle with vertically installed engine) vertically arranged in the engine room of the vehicle. The left side of the drawing is the front, and as shown by the oil surface O of the solid line rising to the right, it is a state of uphill.

The gear mechanism is a gear shift mechanism having five forward gears and one reverse gear. The gear gear shift mechanism is housed in a transmission case in which the case 11 and the case 12 are united via a partition wall 13. .

The gear transmission mechanism includes an output shaft 8 arranged coaxially with the input shaft 7, a counter shaft 9 arranged below the output shaft 8 and a reverse idler shaft 10.
It is composed of three axes.

The input shaft 7 is a drive gear (input gear) G.
and has this drive gear Go engaged with a counter drive gear Gco fixed to the counter shaft 9,
The counter shaft 9 is constantly rotated. Also, the input shaft 7
Can coaxially rotate relative to the output shaft 8 via the needle roller bearing Bn.

The output shaft 8 has a first speed gear G1 and a second speed gear G2.
, A third speed gear G3, a fifth speed gear G5, and a reverse gear Gr, and these gears are rotatably supported via needle roller bearings Bn, and each gear is fixed to the counter shaft 9. 1st speed counter gear Gc1, 2nd speed counter gear Gc
It meshes with the second and third speed counter gears Gc3, the fifth speed counter gear Gc5, and the reverse counter gear Gcr. However, the reverse gear Gr is engaged with the reverse counter gear Gcr via the reverse idler gear Gir rotatably supported by the reverse idler shaft 10. Here, the fourth speed gear is the drive gear Go of the input shaft 7.

The output shaft 8 is a 1-2 sync hub H.
a, 3-4 Synchro hub Hb, 5-R Synchro hub Hc
Drive-coupled by spline fitting, and further, these synchro hubs are respectively provided with 1-2 coupling sleeves Sa,
A 3-4 coupling sleeve Sb and a 5-R coupling sleeve Sc are provided, and the respective sleeves can be axially stroked on the synchronizing hub.

The gear shifting by the gear shifting mechanism is performed, for example,
Describing the shift to the third speed, first, the driver selects the 3-4 coupling sleeve Sb, and further shifts the sleeve Sb in the axial direction (here, to the right in the drawing). By doing so, the sleeve Sb is engaged with the third speed gear G3 to execute the speed change.

Since the counter drive gear Gco is constantly meshed with the drive gear Go, each counter gear fixed to the counter shaft 9 is rotated by the input shaft 7 to constantly stir the oil that fills the lower portion of the transmission case. Is going.

Here, paying attention to the fifth speed gear set composed of the fifth speed gear G5 and the fifth speed counter gear Gc5, the fifth speed counter gear Gc5 in which the guide 1 having a U-shaped cross section is immersed in oil.
Is arranged so as to cover the outer peripheral portion of the guide 1, and further, the tube 2 which is a conduit is connected to the end of the guide 1 on the advancing side in the rotation direction of the counter gear Gc5, and the tube 2 is provided as a drive gear. It is extended so as to be directed to the drive gear set consisting of Go and the counter drive gear Gco.

2, 3 and 4 show only the guide 1 and the tube 2, of which FIG. 2 is a side view of the stepped transmission and FIG. 3 shows the stepped transmission. FIG. 4 is a view from the upper side of the transmission, and FIG. 4 is a view from the front of the stepped transmission.

As is clear from these three figures, the guide 1 has a U-shaped cross section, and a hole penetrating in the axial direction of the transmission is formed in one of the U-shaped curved wall portions. A collar 3 having is provided. On the other hand, the tube 2 has the stays 4 and 5 and connects two tubes to form one conduit, but of course, it may be formed of one tube.

As shown in FIG. 1, the guide 1 fixes one end of the reverse idler shaft 10 by inserting it into the collar 3, and the tube 2 fixes the stay 4 to the partition wall 13 and the stay 5 to the bolt 6. And fix it to the case 1 with.

Next, FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a stepped transmission on a flat road from the rear side, and it is shown by an oil surface O when the fifth speed counter gear Gc5 rotates in the clockwise direction. Similarly, the guide 1 having a U-shaped cross section is arranged so as to cover the lower left outer peripheral portion of the counter gear Gc5, and the tip end opposite to the end in the direction of rotation which connects the tube 2 has the counter gear Gc5. It extends to a perpendicular line passing through the center line. At this time, the guide 1 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the counter gear Gc5 and the case 12
It is located at a substantially central portion between the inner peripheral surfaces of, and the opening of the connecting portion with the tube 2 is directed downward.

With this structure, the guide 1 immersed in oil does not guide the oil scattered by the scraping by the 5-speed counter gear Gc5, but controls the liquid flow of the oil stirred by the rotation of the counter gear Gc5. The scraping oil forcibly injected by the pressure due to the stirring of the counter gear Gc5 is supplied as the lubricating oil to the drive gear set through the tube 2. At this time, since the guide 1 is in the oil, the lubricating oil from the tube 2 is not interrupted.

That is, since the scraping oil forcibly injected by the pressure of the stirring of the counter gear Gc5 acts as the discharge pressure of the oil pump, which is a hydraulic pressure generator, the same effect as the oil pump can be obtained. Also, the lubricating oil can be supplied to the lubrication demanding part having a high arrangement height. Further, since the tube 2 is connected to the end of the guide 1 on the side of the counter gear Gc5 in the rotational direction, the scraping oil can be entirely used as lubricating oil. In addition, since the guide 1 having a U-shaped cross section covers the outer peripheral portion of the counter gear Gc5 immersed in oil, as shown in FIG.
Even if the stepped transmission is tilted, the oil for scraping the counter gear Gc5 will not run out.

In addition, the lubrication structure of the stepped transmission is changed to the guide 1
Since it is made up of the tube 2 and the tube 2, it can be easily installed on an existing stepped transmission, and it does not require high-precision machining, so an oil pump that increases the cost due to the number of parts and assembly work must be adopted. Cost can be reduced compared to.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the guide 1 is arranged at the rearmost position of the vehicle among the plurality of gear sets forming the gear shift mechanism, and is applied to the constantly rotating fifth speed counter gear Gc5. Lubricating oil can always be supplied, and particularly when traveling on an uphill where lubrication is required due to a large load on the gear transmission, oil that is biased rearward like oil surface O can be efficiently used as lubricating oil. Can be used for.

In addition, the 5th-speed counter gear Gc5 has the largest diameter among the counter gears fixedly mounted on the counter shaft 9, and therefore has a large stirring force by the gears and supplies a large amount of lubricating oil at high pressure. can do.
By the way, on the downhill, since the oil is biased forward, there is a possibility that the oil on the back will run short, but since the load on the gear transmission mechanism on the downhill will be small, there is no problem with the need for lubricating oil.

In addition, since the tube 2 is extended so as to be directed to the drive gear set in front of the vehicle, the load of the gear transmission mechanism becomes large and lubrication is required.
Even on the uphill where oil tends to run short in front of the vehicle,
Lubricating oil can be efficiently supplied to the drive gear set, which tends to run short of lubricating oil in the conventional scraping lubrication, from the rear side where the oil is uneven.

Since the lubricating oil is a scraping oil which controls the liquid flow of the oil agitated by the rotation of the counter gear Gc5 and is forcibly injected by the pressure by the agitation of the counter gear Gc5, a plurality of lubricating oils are provided in the tube 2. It is also possible to provide the hole P to simultaneously lubricate another gear set.

As described above, the lubrication structure of the gear device according to the present invention has a great effect as compared with the conventional scraping type lubrication structure, and the gear device is not limited to the stepped automatic transmission. Alternatively, an auxiliary transmission or a speed reducer may be used.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a stepped transmission that is an embodiment of a lubricating structure for gear devices according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a guide and a tube in the same embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a guide and a tube in the same embodiment from above.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing the guide and tube in the same embodiment from the front.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the stepped transmission according to the same embodiment from the rear.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Guide 2 Tube 3 Color 4,5 Stay 6 Bolt 7 Input shaft 8 Output shaft 9 Counter shaft 10 Reverse idler shaft Gir Reverse idler gear 11, 12 Case 13 Bulkhead G1 1st gear G2 2nd gear G3 3rd gear Go drive gear G5 5-speed gear Gr reverse gear B bearing Gc1 1-speed counter gear Gc2 2-speed counter gear Gc3 3-speed counter gear Gco counter drive gear Gc5 5-speed counter gear Gcr reverse counter gear

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A gear device in which a gear mechanism is housed in a case, and the gear mechanism is lubricated by scraping up the oil by a rotating member immersed in the oil in the case. A guide having a U-shaped cross section for covering the outer peripheral portion of the rotating member immersed in the guide member, and further being provided with a conduit connected to the end of the guide in the direction of rotation of the rotating member. A lubrication structure for a gear device, characterized in that a conduit is extended so as to be directed to a lubrication request portion. 2. The gear device according to claim 1, wherein the gear device is a gear shift mechanism in which a plurality of gears are sequentially arranged in an axial direction, and the gear mechanism is arranged vertically in an engine room of a vehicle. In the case of the above, the lubricating structure of the gear device is characterized in that among the gears forming the gear shift mechanism, the gear located at the rearmost side of the vehicle is applied as the rotating member. 3. The gear according to claim 2, wherein the gear transmission mechanism has a gear on an output shaft coaxially arranged with respect to the input shaft,
In the case where it meshes with a gear on a counter shaft juxtaposed below the output shaft so as to be constantly rotated by the input shaft, a gear fixed to the counter shaft may be applied as the rotating member. The characteristic gear device lubrication structure. 4. The lubrication structure for a gear device according to claim 3, wherein a gear having the largest diameter among gears fixed to the counter shaft is applied as the rotating member. 5. The pipe according to claim 3, wherein the conduit is directed to a gear set provided between the input shaft and the counter shaft in order to constantly rotate the counter shaft by the input shaft. Lubrication structure for gear equipment.