JPH09169607A - Antifouling agent containing adrenergic alpha receptor-blocking agent as an active ingredient - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an antifouling agent which can effectively and surely prevents harmful attaching organisms such as barnacles or hard-shelled mussels in no need of mechanical removal by manual hand without any adverse effect on environment by using an adrenergic α-receptor blocking substance as an active ingredient. SOLUTION: In this antifouling agent, an adrenergic α-receptor-blocking substance, particularly phentolamine or yohimbine is used as an active ingredient. As an adrenergic α-receptor-blocking substance, are cited, in addition, penoxybenzamine, dibenamine, prazosin, tolazoline and 2-(2,6- dimethoxyphenoxyethyl)aminomethyl-1,4-benzodioxane (WB4101). This antifouling agent is used in the form of coating, solution, emulsion, capsule and other preparations. The amount of the active ingredient is 0.1-50wt.%, preferably 1-30wt.% in case of a coating, 0.1-100wt.%, preferably 0.1-30wt.% in case of solution and 0.1-80wt.%, preferably 0.1-30wt.% in case of emulsion.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an antifouling agent effective for preventing the adhesion of barnacles, mussels and the like. More specifically, the present invention relates to an antifouling agent useful as an antifouling measure against biofouling due to attached organisms such as barnacles and mussels that cause great damage to the shipping industry and fisheries.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, biofouling of marine structures and ships due to attached organisms such as barnacles and mussels has been
It has caused a great deal of damage to ships and fisheries, especially aquaculture. Therefore, until now, as an antifouling measure due to the adhesion of these organisms, a method of preventing adhesion with an antifouling paint using various chemical substances has been studied and actually implemented, but a certain effect is obtained. At present, the method to obtain it is not established yet. In addition, if the antifouling effect against adherent organisms is large, the chemical substances used are often highly toxic, and for example, not only the target barnacles and mussels but also the effect on the surrounding environment and human body are ignored. It was difficult to use that method because it was not possible. Due to such circumstances, it has been a big problem for the fields of the marine industry and the fishery, especially the aquaculture industry, which has been greatly damaged in the form of biofouling. For this reason, in reality, as a measure against contamination by barnacles and mussels, mechanical removal work by humans, which requires a great deal of labor and cost, has been indispensable.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and suppresses adverse effects on the surrounding environment without the need for manual mechanical removal work, such as barnacles and mussels. The object of the present invention is to provide an antifouling agent which does not exhibit strong lethal toxicity and which can effectively and reliably prevent the adhesion of barnacles and mussels under safe conditions.

[0004]

The present invention is an antifouling agent containing an adrenergic α-receptor blocking substance as an active ingredient. Examples of the adrenergic α-receptor blocking substance used in the present invention include phentolamine, yohimbine, phenoxybenzamine, dibenamine, prazosin, trazoline, 2- (2,6-dimethoxyphenoxyethyl) aminomethyl-1,4-benzodioxane. (WB410
1), α-blocking substances such as azapetin, chlorpromazine, ergot alkaloids (ergotamine, dihydroergotamine, ergotoxin, dihydroergotoxin, etc.);
Examples include α, β-blocking substances such as labetalol, which may be used alone or in combination of two or more. These adrenergic α-receptor blocking substances are effectively used as highly safe substances without adversely affecting the surrounding environment. Of the adrenergic receptor blockers, β-blockers show little effect on mussels and weak effects on barnacles.

Among the above-mentioned adrenergic α-receptor blocking substances, phentolamine, yohimbine and WB410 are shown because they show remarkable effects on both barnacles and mussels.
1 is particularly preferred. Adhering organisms such as barnacles and mussels
It is considered that the adherence tends to colonize, and the survival of the species can be maintained by the adherence. Therefore, when the adherence is suppressed, the growth is also suppressed. Therefore, the antifouling agent of the present invention is also effective in suppressing the growth of attached organisms such as barnacles and mussels.

According to the antifouling agent of the present invention, adhesion and metamorphosis can be suppressed by acting an adrenergic α-receptor blocking substance on the cypris larvae of barnacles. It grows into an adult barnacle without any. That is, normally, the barnacle cypris larvae search for a suitable substrate for attachment and, if found, attach by the cement material in the attachment organ of the first antenna. Next, from this state, molting and metamorphosis occur, and the juvenile grows into a juvenile barnacle. Serotonin is important for transmitting information on this phenomenon of adhesion, and among adrenergic α-receptor blocking substances, substances that also show an inhibitory effect on serotonin,
For example, when phentolamine and yohimbine act on cypris larvae, it is possible to metamorphose without the process of attachment. That is, the barnacles that do not adhere are grown.

[0007] On the other hand, it becomes possible to suppress the attachment and metamorphosis by causing an adrenergic α-receptor blocking substance to act on the mussel pediberger larvae. In other words, the mussel pedibelanger larvae attach and metamorphose to become juveniles, and then adult oysters attach by foot thread, but they may move and change attachment sites. In the present invention, since the metamorphosis of pedibelijerger larvae is promoted by an adrenergic substance (epinephrine, etc.),
By causing a substance that blocks the receptor for these substances to act, adhesion and transformation will be suppressed.

When an adrenergic α-receptor blocking substance is allowed to act on mussel pediberger larvae, attachment and metamorphosis are suppressed. Further, it also exhibits an effect of suppressing attachment / metamorphosis on the barnacle cypris larvae, and some of them become barnacles that only undergo metamorphosis and do not attach.

In order to suppress the adhesion of barnacles and mussels, it is necessary to act an adrenergic α-receptor blocking substance on the cypris larvae of barnacles and the pediberger larvae of mussels. Alternatively, the antifouling agent of the present invention may be applied to seawater where it is desired to prevent adhesion, or the antifouling agent of the present invention may be encapsulated to allow the active ingredient adrenergic α receptor blocker to be eluted little by little. . Alternatively, it may be applied to the fishing net or the bottom of the ship by being included in the paint. Since barnacles and mussels colonize by adhesion, the survival of the species is maintained. Therefore, it is possible to suppress adhesion and growth by acting an adrenergic α receptor blocker on larvae.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The antifouling agent of the present invention is a paint, a solution,
It is used by preparing it in the form of emulsion, capsule, etc. These preparations can be carried out by employing a commonly used general formulation. For example, when it is used as a paint, an antifouling paint can be prepared by mixing an adrenergic α-receptor blocking substance with a paint preparation agent, and applying this to the bottom of a ship, an underwater structure, a cooling intake channel, etc. it can. Examples of the film forming agent used at this time include oil varnish, synthetic resin, artificial rubber and the like. Solvents, extenders and the like can be further added to the antifouling paint as desired. In this case, the adrenergic α-receptor blocking substance is 0.1 to 50 based on the weight of the paint.
%, Preferably 1 to 30%.

When the antifouling agent of the present invention is used as a solution, for example, a solution of an adrenergic α-receptor blocking substance is mixed with a film-forming agent to obtain a solution dissolved in a solvent, which is then attached to aquatic organisms. It can be applied to aquaculture fishing nets, stationary fishing nets, etc. for the purpose of preventing breeding. As the coating film forming agent, for example, a natural resin, a synthetic resin, an artificial rubber, or the like is used, and as the solvent, toluene, xylene, cumene, ethyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, methanol, or the like is used. If necessary, additives such as a plasticizer can be added to this solution. When used as a solution, the adrenergic α-receptor blocker is 0.1-100% by weight of the solution.
%, Preferably 0.1 to 30%.

When used as an emulsion, an adrenergic α-receptor blocking substance is dissolved in a solvent, and a surfactant is further added to prepare an emulsion by a conventional method. As the surfactant, an ordinary surfactant is generally used. When used as an emulsion, the adrenergic α-receptor blocking substance is 0.1 to 80%, preferably 0.1 to 3% by weight of the emulsion.
It is blended at a rate of 0%.

When it is used as a capsule, an adrenergic α-receptor blocking substance of the mM order is included in the capsule, and the capsule is attached to a fishing net or the like so as to be gradually released and diffused. Further, the antifouling agent of the present invention can be used by kneading it into a polymer resin of a material used in water such as aquaculture nets and fixed nets.

[0014]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples. (Example 1) Artificial seawater (Van't hoff formula) was placed in a polystyrene plate container, which is relatively easy to attach, and several to about 20 (1 to 3 individuals / ml) barnacle cypris larvae were stored therein. . Phentolamine, an adrenergic α-receptor blocker, was applied to cypris larvae of barnacles.

Table 1 shows the results of observing the state of attachment and metamorphosis of the cypris larvae that were acted on by the adrenergic α-receptor blocking substance phentolamine.

[0016]

[Table 1]

(Example 2) Petri dish of glass (6 cm diameter)
Artificial seawater is added to each to house approximately 20 larvae (1 individual / ml) of mussel pediberger larvae. Phentolamine, an adrenergic α-receptor blocker, was allowed to act on mussel pediberger larvae for 20 to 40 minutes, followed by epinephrine, which promotes metamorphosis. After 3 hours, it was washed and transferred to seawater. Table 2 shows the results of observing the state of attachment and metamorphosis of pedibelijerger larvae to which phentolamine, which is an adrenergic α-receptor blocking substance, acted.

[0018]

[Table 2]

Adhesion / transformation was suppressed depending on the concentration of the added adrenergic α-receptor blocking substance. The action is 1
It was shown in a short time. In addition, an effect was shown in the order of μM, and only a few larvae in the non-adhered state died (5 to 6 days), and no strong lethal toxicity was shown.

Example 3 An example of prescription when the antifouling agent of the present invention is used as an antifouling paint is shown below. Prescription example

[0021]

The antifouling agent of the present invention can prevent barnacles and mussels from adhering to marine structures and the like. Further, the antifouling agent of the present invention has little influence on the surrounding environment, and the work of manually removing barnacles and mussels is significantly reduced. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent the adhesion of barnacles and mussels, which are large adherent fouling organisms, at the same time, and the concentration of the adrenergic α receptor blocker, which is the active ingredient, is effective in the order of several μM. , A great effect can be obtained at a low cost.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Nobuhiro Fushiya 3-14-11 Shoan, Suginami-ku, Tokyo

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An antifouling agent containing an adrenergic α-receptor blocking substance as an active ingredient. 2. The antifouling agent according to claim 1, wherein the adrenergic α-receptor blocking substance is phentolamine.