JPH09169290A - Bicycle with auxiliary driving device and motor direct-coupled planetary roller speed reducing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce vibrations and noises and to well distribute weight among the front and rear wheels by providing a one-way clutch between a crank shaft and a driving shaft chain sprocket and a two-step planetary roller speed reducing mechanism and a one-way clutch between a motor and the driving shaft chain sprocket. SOLUTION: A motor direct-coupled planetary roller speed reducing gear 30 receives a motor 31 in a motor easing 38 and a two-step planetary roller speed reducing mechanism in a speed reducing mechanism easing 41 and these casings 38, 41 are joined via a side wall. The output shaft of a first planetary roller carrier 45 is supported by a crank shaft 39 and a pedal crank 15 is fitted on a square shaft of the crank shaft 39. The outer periphery 48a of a one-way clutch is formed in the inner side of the output shaft of the second planetary roller carrier 48 and the inner periphery 55 of the one-way clutch is fitted on a serration 39a of the clutch shaft 39 and the intermediate part 56 of the one- way clutch is disposed between them and a chain sprocket 4 of a driving side is fixed thereto.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bicycle equipped with an auxiliary drive device and a planetary roller speed reducer directly connected to the motor, which is the drive device for the bicycle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An example of a conventional bicycle with auxiliary drive power is shown in FIGS. 10 to 11 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-149277). As shown in the figure, the first freewheel 2 and the second freewheel 3 are attached to the hub 1 of the rear wheel, and between the first freewheel 2 and the first gear 4 which is a drive sprocket. The first chain 5 is suspended, and the second chain 8 is suspended between the second freewheel 3 and a second gear 7 attached to the output shaft of the drive motor 6.

A torque detector 9 for detecting the magnitude of the tension and converting it into an electric quantity (for example, the magnitude of the electric resistance or the electric capacity) is provided in the middle of the first chain 5.
As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the torque detector 9 has tension arms 11 attached to a rotary shaft 10, and free gears 12, 12 'are pivotally attached to both ends thereof, and these two free gears 12, 12' are attached. The first chain 5 is mounted, and the tension arm 11 is provided with a spring 13 for urging rotational force in the clockwise direction in the drawing of FIG.

With this configuration, the tension applied to the first chain 5 due to the stepping force transmitted by the occupant via the pedal 14, the crank 15, and the first gear 4 is applied to the rotary shaft 10. Can be detected as the rotation angle. Therefore, when the pedal 14 is strongly depressed at the time of starting, accelerating, or climbing a hill, a large tension is applied to the first chain 5, and the tension arm 11 moves counterclockwise in the drawing against the elastic force of the spring 13. Then, the slider (not shown) of the potentiometer 9 connected to the rotating shaft 10 is rotated by an angle corresponding to the tension.

Therefore, when the tension arm 11 rotates by a required angle or more, electric power is supplied to the motor 6 and the motor 6
The second gear 7 attached to the output shaft of rotates the second freewheel 3 via the second chain 8,
The rear wheels will be driven, and the rear wheels will be driven by the combined torque of both the human power and the motor 6. To put it the other way around, the same driving torque is applied to the rear wheels, but the burden of human power is reduced as compared with the conventional bicycle. On the other hand, since light torque is sufficient for traveling on a flat road, the tension applied to the first chain 5 is also reduced, and the rotation angle of the tension arm 11 is also reduced, so that the power supply to the motor 6 is stopped and the rotation of the pedal 14 is stopped. The bicycle will run with only this power.

Here, as the motor 6, as shown in FIG. 14, a thin DC motor 21 having a planetary gear reduction mechanism directly connected thereto is used. That is, while the sun gear 22a is directly processed at the tip of the output shaft 22 of the DC motor 21,
A reducer casing 28 is attached to the DC motor 21. The internal gear 2 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the casing 28.
3 is formed, and further, externally meshed with this internal gear 23,
In addition, a planetary gear 24 that internally meshes with the sun gear 22a
Are stored in the casing 28.

Further, each of the planetary gears 24 is rotatably supported by a planetary gear shaft 25, and the planetary gear shafts 25 are rotatably supported by a planetary gear carrier 26a. Further, the planetary gear carrier 26a has a sprocket wheel 27. The provided output shaft 26 is integrated. A chain (not shown) for driving the rear wheels of the bicycle is hung on the sprocket wheel 27.

[0008]

As described above, since the speed reducer of the conventional auxiliary power unit is of the gear type, there is backlash in the meshing gears, and when the bicycle is used as auxiliary power for a bicycle, the speed variation is caused when the motor power is applied. Vibration and noise were generated, and the riding comfort was deteriorated. Also, since the chain is wrapped around the output end of the power unit, not only is the width of the power unit protruding beyond the width of the bicycle, but the output shaft is cantilevered and easily bends, making it difficult to balance left and right. It was a thing.

Further, since the power unit is placed near the rear wheels, excessive weight distribution is given to the rear wheels, and the front wheels become too light, which makes the bicycle unstable and easy to operate. Further, when the user wants to move the bicycle backward manually, the one-way clutch is in the clutch-in direction of the auxiliary power unit, so that the rotation of the rear wheel becomes extremely heavy and difficult to handle. The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems and reduces vibration and noise,
An object of the present invention is to provide a planetary roller speed reducer directly coupled to a motor, which has a compact axial (width) direction, good weight distribution of front and rear wheels, is easy to handle, and has excellent durability. Further, another object of the present invention is to provide a bicycle with an auxiliary drive device using such a motor direct-coupled planetary roller speed reducer as a drive device.

[0010]

In the motor direct coupling planetary roller speed reducer according to claim 1 of the present invention which achieves such an object, a one-way clutch is interposed between the crankshaft and the drive side chain sprocket. At the same time, a planetary roller speed reduction mechanism for two-step speed reduction and a one-way clutch are interposed between the motor and the drive side chain sprocket.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a motor direct-coupling planetary roller speed reducer including a motor in which a hollow output shaft supported by a casing forms a first sun roller. At the inner circumference of the casing, the first
A first inner roller mounted concentrically with the sun roller, a plurality of first planetary rollers circumscribing the first sun roller and inscribed in the first inner roller, and a plurality of rotatably supporting the first planetary roller. A planetary roller shaft and a first planetary roller carrier, the hollow output shaft of which holds and supports the roller shaft to form a second sun roller, and an inner periphery of the casing that is adjacent to the first inner roller and is adjacent to the first inner roller. 1 a second inner roller mounted concentrically with the sun roller, a plurality of second planetary rollers circumscribing the second sun roller and inscribed in the second inner roller, and a plurality of rotatably supporting the second planetary roller Second planetary roller carrier having a planetary roller shaft and a hollow output shaft for fixing and supporting the roller shaft, an output shaft of the motor rotatably supported by the casing through a bearing, and the first planetary roller carrier. A crankshaft that rotatably passes through the hollow shaft of the carrier and the second planetary roller carrier, and a double unidirectional direction that is also interposed between the crankshaft and the output shaft of the second planetary roller carrier and also serves as a bearing. Clutch and
A drive side chain sprocket is provided to which power is transmitted to both the output shaft of the second planetary roller carrier and the crank shaft simultaneously or independently through the double one-way clutch.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a motor direct coupling planetary roller speed reducer according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the planetary roller speed reduction mechanism according to the first aspect is a motor casing for accommodating the motor and an intermediate wall. A first sun roller that is housed in a reduction mechanism casing that is sandwiched in between, is supported by the intermediate wall via a bearing, protrudes toward the reduction mechanism, and is formed on the outer periphery of a hollow output shaft of the motor; A crankshaft is rotatably press-fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the output shaft of the first sun roller via a bush, and a gap is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the reduction mechanism casing and a first concentric with the first sun roller. An elastic ring attached as an inner roller, a plurality of first planetary rollers circumscribing the first sun roller and inscribed in the elastic ring, and a plurality of planetary rollers rotatably supporting the first planetary roller. The first planetary roller carrier, in which the hollow output shaft, which is coaxial with the crankshaft and which supports the roller shaft and the roller shaft, forms the second sun roller, and a gap between the inner peripheral surface of the reduction mechanism casing. A solid inner roller having a side surface in contact with the elastic ring and mounted as a second inner roller concentrically with the second sun roller; and a solid inner roller in the deceleration mechanism casing when the casing is mounted. An annular shim for adjusting the axial pressure applied to the elastic ring, a plurality of second planetary rollers circumscribing the second sun roller and inscribing the solid inner roller, and the second planetary roller rotatably A second planetary roller carrier having a plurality of supporting planetary roller shafts and a hollow output shaft for fixing and supporting the roller shafts is provided.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a motor direct coupling planetary roller speed reducer according to the third aspect, wherein the elastic ring is replaced with a first inner solid roller and the shim is omitted. In addition, a rotation stopper for the first solid inner roller and the solid inner roller with respect to the speed reduction mechanism casing is provided.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention which achieves the above object, there is provided a bicycle equipped with an auxiliary driving device, wherein the motor direct coupling planetary roller speed reducer according to the first, second, third or fourth aspect is used as a bicycle crank hub. It is characterized in that the output sprocket of the speed reducer is connected to a driven sprocket attached to the rear wheel shaft via a chain at an integral position.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention which achieves the above object, there is provided the construction according to the bicycle with an auxiliary drive device, the fifth aspect comprising:
A transmission torque sensor and a speed sensor are provided in the power transmission section after the output sprocket of the bicycle with the auxiliary drive device according to
The control device that receives the signals from these sensors controls the motor by calculating the proper torque and rotation of the motor that assists the power of the bicycle to move, and when the bicycle is manually re-fed, the motor reversely rotates to decelerate. It is characterized by controlling so as to eliminate the resistance load of the mechanism.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A planetary roller speed reducer directly coupled to a motor according to claim 1 of the present invention reduces the rotation of an output shaft of a motor to a desired output rotation by a planetary speed reducer mechanism of two-stage deceleration directly connected thereto. , Output the required torque. Since it is a rolling friction drive using a planetary roller, there is little vibration and noise. Furthermore, in the motor direct connection planetary roller speed reducer according to claim 2 of the present invention, the first sun roller is formed at the output shaft end of the motor, and the first planetary roller speed reduction mechanism is configured on the rotation surface of the first sun roller. Further, the output shaft integrated with the planetary roller carrier of the first planetary roller reduction mechanism forms the sun roller of the second planetary roller reduction mechanism, and the second planetary roller reduction mechanism is formed on the rotation surface of the sun roller. Therefore, the total length and outer diameter of the combination of the motor and the speed reduction mechanism are compact.

In addition to that, a one-way clutch is doubly fitted in the length of the output shaft of the second planetary roller reduction mechanism, and a chain sprocket is attached to an intermediate portion of the double one-way clutch. The crankshaft supported by the casing penetrates the motor, the first and second planetary roller reduction mechanisms, and the double one-way clutch, and the pedal crank spacing should be almost the same as that of a normal bicycle. You can The double one-way clutch has a clutch engaged in the direction of turning the chain sprocket when the pedal is stepped on the inner crankshaft to drive the crankshaft, and the crankshaft stops and the chain sprocket is turned in the forward direction. , The clutch does not engage and spins idle.

The outer cylinder side of this clutch is engaged with the deceleration output shaft (the output shaft of the second planetary roller carrier), and when the power of the motor is transmitted to the deceleration output shaft via the planetary roller deceleration mechanism. While the clutch is engaged, the motor is stopped and the bicycle is stepping on and off, the clutch disengages and the bicycle spins freely.

A bicycle motor direct-coupled planetary roller speed reducer for a bicycle according to a third aspect of the present invention has the same power transmission function as the bicycle motor-directly-coupled planetary roller speed reducer for a bicycle according to the first aspect. However, the difference from the first claim is that
The reduction gear mechanism casing, the elastic ring serving as the first and second inner rollers, and the solid inner roller are separated, and the outer diameter of the elastic ring and the solid inner roller is made smaller than the inner diameter of the reduction gear mechanism casing to facilitate the assembly. What is done is that the inner roller for the first stage deceleration is an elastic ring.

Along with this, the alignment of the elastic ring and the solid inner roller is self-alignment (automatic alignment) when the sun roller and the planetary roller are combined. Also, by adjusting the thickness of the shim, narrowing the width of the elastic ring and shrinking the inner diameter, the pressure contact force with the first planetary roller required for driving is adjusted, and at the same time, the frictional force with the casing due to the side pressure of the elastic ring. Also serves as a rotation stopping force for the elastic ring and the solid inner roller.

As a result, the assembling work can be facilitated as a structure in which only the speed reducing mechanism can be disassembled and assembled outside. Further, since the bush 73 that is fitted to and supports the crankshaft 39 is provided on the shaft cylinder side of the first sun roller that serves as a reference for self-alignment, it is possible to suppress the deflection of the shaft center of the first sun roller 72. .

A bicycle motor direct-coupled planetary roller speed reducer according to a fourth aspect of the present invention has the same power transmission function as the bicycle motor-directly-coupled planetary roller speed reducer according to the first aspect. However, unlike the fourth aspect, both the front and rear stages of the speed reduction mechanism are inner rollers, and the inner diameter of the inner roller is made slightly smaller to have a floating structure in the radial direction with respect to the speed reduction mechanism casing. As a body, only the planetary roller speed reduction mechanism can be partially assembled. Further, since the transmission torque of the first stage reduction mechanism is smaller than that of the second stage, the components below the inner roller are
The diameter is smaller than that of the step reduction mechanism, and the number of planet rollers is small.

In the bicycle with an auxiliary drive device according to a fifth aspect of the present invention, since the bicycle motor direct coupling planetary roller speed reducer is directly attached to the frame directly to the crank hub of the bicycle, the weight of the front and rear wheels is reduced. The balance can be kept good without any change.

In the bicycle with an auxiliary drive device according to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the transmission torque sensor and the speed sensor provided in the power transmission portion after the output sprocket send signals to the control device and are transmitted from the pedal crank. When the stepping torque exceeds a certain value, the control device calculates appropriate torque and rotation of the motor, controls the motor, and assists the feeding action of the bicycle. If the motor is stopped when the bicycle is stopped and the operator descends and pulls the bicycle back in the backward direction, the one-way clutch engages with the auxiliary drive device side, and when trying to turn it, the drive device friction will occur. Resistance makes it very heavy and difficult to operate freely.

In order to solve this, when the speed sensor detects that the speed is almost zero, the control device commands the motor to reversely rotate at a low speed. If the motor rotates in the reverse direction, the one-way clutch remains disengaged. In this way, the operator can step off the bicycle and easily move it backwards. When the bicycle is moved forward and the speed sensor detects a certain amount of rotation, the motor stops and the normal pedal crank stepping state is restored.

[0026]

【Example】

[Embodiment 1] A first embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. This embodiment relates to a planetary roller speed reducer 30 directly connected to a motor. That is, the motor 31 is housed in the motor casing 38, the two-stage deceleration planetary roller deceleration mechanism is housed in the deceleration mechanism casing 41, and the casings 38 and 41 are coupled via the side wall (intermediate wall).

The motor 31 is composed of a stator 32 fixedly installed in a motor casing 38 and wound with a coil for excitation, and a rotor 34 having a plurality of permanent magnets 33 attached to its inner circumference. That is, the motor 31 is an induction motor, the rotation speed is controlled by an inverter and the torque is controlled by a current.

A hollow output shaft, which projects from the side wall toward the speed reduction mechanism and forms the first sun roller 35, is fixed to the rotor 34. The first sun roller 35 is supported at its motor-side shaft end by a motor casing 38 via a bearing 36,
The roller side is supported by the first inner roller 41a and the plurality of first planetary rollers 42.

In the middle portion of the first sun roller 35, a seal ring attached to the side wall is sealed so that the lubricant on the planet roller side does not leak to the motor 31 side. The motor casing 38 is integrally provided with mounting members 38a, 38b, 38c for mounting on the bicycle. A first inner roller 41a is formed concentrically with the first sun roller 35 in the speed reduction mechanism casing 41, and a plurality of first planetary rollers 42 circumscribing the first sun roller 35 and inscribed in the inner roller 41a are planetary roller shafts. It is rotatably supported by 44, and the first planetary roller carrier 45 supports these roller shafts 44 by equidistantly fixing them on the circumference.

The hollow output shaft of the first planetary roller carrier 45 is rotatably supported by the crankshaft 39 via a bearing (bush) 50, and the shaft end forms a second sun roller 45a. A second inner roller 41b is formed adjacent to the first inner roller 41a on the inner periphery of the speed reduction mechanism casing 41 and concentric with the second sun roller 45a.
A plurality of second inner rollers circumscribing the second inner roller 41b
A planet roller 46 is rotatably supported by a planet roller shaft 49, and a second planet roller carrier 48 supports these planet roller shafts 49 by equidistantly fixing them on the circumference.

As described above, the double planetary roller reduction mechanism is housed in the reduction mechanism casing 41 and the inner lid 51 attached thereto, and the sprocket casing 52 is provided outside the inner lid 51. Installed. The sprocket 4 is arranged between the sprocket casing 52 and the inner lid 51. The sprocket casing 52 is a protective cover for the chain sprocket 4, and at the same time rotates the crankshaft 39 together with the bearing 37 of the motor casing 38 via the bearing 53. Supports freely.

The sprocket casing 52 has a window 52a for inserting the output chain 5. The crankshaft 39 is installed so as to penetrate the hollow shafts of the first sun roller 35, the first planetary roller carrier 45, and the second planetary roller carrier 48, and is provided with serrations 39a at a part of the shaft and has a square shaft at both ends. Is forming. The pedal crank 15 is fitted on the square shaft of the crank shaft 39.

Further, the second planetary roller carrier output shaft 48
A double one-way clutch that doubles as a bearing is formed between the crankshaft 39 and the crankshaft 39. That is, the one-way clutch outer peripheral portion 4 is provided on the inner diameter side of the second planetary roller carrier output shaft 48.
8a is formed, the one-way clutch inner peripheral portion 55 is fitted to the serration 39a of the crankshaft 39, and the one-way clutch outer peripheral portion 48a and the one-way clutch inner peripheral portion 55 are formed.
A one-way clutch intermediate portion 56, which is restricted from rotating in only one direction, is disposed between and. The drive side chain sprocket 4 is fixedly attached to the one-way clutch intermediate portion 56.

Here, in the one-way clutch intermediate portion 56,
In FIG. 2, the one-way clutch outer peripheral portion 48a of the output side of the second planetary roller carrier 48 is engaged when the driving force is input in the clockwise direction, and the one-way clutch inner peripheral portion 55 is connected to the crankshaft 39. The direction of the claws of the clutch is arranged so that the pedal crank force applied to is engaged when it is input in the clockwise direction.

The operation of the motor direct connection planetary roller speed reducer 30 of the present embodiment having the above structure will be described. Motor 3
The output shaft of No. 1 is the first sun roller 35, and the planetary roller speed reduction mechanism directly connected to the first sun roller 35 reduces the speed to the expected output rotation and outputs the required torque. Since it is a rolling friction drive using a planetary roller, there is little vibration and noise.

A first planetary roller deceleration mechanism is formed on the surface of rotation of the sun roller 35 at the output shaft end of the motor, and the right bearing for supporting the first sun roller 35 is the first planetary roller 35, 42, 41. The roller device also serves as a compact device. Further, the output shaft integrated with the planetary roller carrier 45 of the first planetary roller reduction mechanism forms the sun roller 45a of the second planetary roller reduction mechanism, and the second planetary roller reduction mechanism is formed on the rotating surface of the sun roller 45a. Therefore, the entire length and outer diameter of the combination of the motor 31 and the speed reduction mechanism are compact.

In addition to this, within the range of the length of the one-way clutch outer peripheral portion 48a integral with the second planetary roller carrier 48 which is the output shaft of the second planetary roller reduction mechanism, the one-way clutch intermediate portion 56 and the crank. The one-way crank 55 for transmitting the rotation of the shaft is double fitted, and the chain sprocket 4 is attached to the one-way clutch intermediate portion 56 that receives power from the two directions of the double one-way clutch. The crankshaft 39 supported by the sprocket casing 52 is provided so as to penetrate the motor 31, the first and second planetary roller speed reduction mechanisms, and the double one-way clutch, and the pedal cranks 15 are spaced at almost the same size as a normal bicycle. It is stored in.

The double one-way clutch intermediate part 56 rotates the chain sprocket 4 when the crank shaft 39 is driven by stepping on the pedal with respect to the one-way clutch inner peripheral part 55 fitted in the inner crank shaft 39. When the chain sprocket 4 is turned in the traveling direction with the clutch engaged in the direction and the crankshaft 39 stopped, the clutch sprocket 4 does not engage and idles. The outer cylinder side of the one-way clutch intermediate portion 56 is a deceleration output shaft (output shaft of the second planetary roller carrier).
When the power of the motor 31 is transmitted to the deceleration output shaft of the second planetary roller carrier 48 via the planetary roller reduction mechanism, the clutch is engaged and the motor is stopped. While the bicycle is stepping on and off, the clutch disengages and spins idle.

[Embodiment 2] A second embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
And FIG. In this embodiment, the planetary roller speed reducer 30 directly connected to the motor is attached to a bicycle. As shown in the figure, the frame 18 of the bicycle 16 is provided with a planetary roller type speed reducer 30 directly connected to the motor at the position of the crank hub by means of mounting members 38a, 38b and 38c. A rechargeable battery 68 is mounted on the bicycle 16.

A driven sprocket wheel 2 is attached to the shaft of the rear wheel 17, a chain 5 is linked between the driven sprocket wheel 2 and a chain sprocket 4, and a pedal 14 is attached to a crank 15. Therefore,
When the chain sprocket 4 is rotated by human power or the rotational force of the planetary roller reducer 30 directly connected to the motor, the torque is transmitted to the driven sprocket wheel 2 via the chain 5.

Further, a torque sensor 19 is provided on the pulling side of the chain 5. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the torque sensor 19 includes a shaft 6 fixed to the arm 63.
2 is rotatably supported by the main body 61, is housed in the main body 61, and the magnetic body fixed to the shaft 62 rotates together with the arm 63, and transmits a voltage corresponding to the rotation angle as a signal to an external control device. It constitutes a potentiometer. A sprocket 65 is rotatably attached to the other end of the arm 63, and the chain 5 is hung on it. The sprocket 65 at the tip of the arm 63 always pushes the chain 5 upward (to the position shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. 5) by the torsion spring 66, and when the chain 5 is strongly pulled, the roller is pushed and the lever is rotated. By detecting the displacement (at the position indicated by the solid line) with a potentiometer, the torque during operation can be detected.

The rotation speed sensor 67 attached to the arm 63 is a proximity sensor for detecting the approach of the teeth of the sprocket 65. The rotation speed sensor 67 passes the sensing portion of the sensor 67 during the unit time for the speed of the running bicycle. In this method, the number of teeth of the sprocket 65 to be detected is substituted for measurement. Therefore, when the bicycle 16 in operation approaches a slope or the like and the driving torque due to human power exceeds a certain value, the torque sensor 19 detects the torque and the rotation speed sensor 67.
Measures the speed of the bicycle at that time and sends it to the control device 69, and the control circuit 69 works so that the loaded battery 68
The electric current can be sent from the motor directly connected planetary roller speed reducer 30 to drive the current to assist human power.

When the road 16 becomes a flat road and the driving torque of the bicycle 16 becomes small, the control device 69 controls the auxiliary drive by the signal of the torque sensor 19 so that the speed becomes zero, and the speed reducer with a motor. 30 stops and the bicycle 16 travels only by manpower. Further, when the speed of the bicycle being assisted is higher than a predetermined speed, the control circuit operates by the signal from the rotation speed sensor 67 to stop the motored speed reducer 30.

[Embodiment 3] FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment of the present invention.
Shown in In this embodiment, the motor direct coupling planetary roller speed reducer 30 is used.
Fig. 3 shows a power transmission and control system of a bicycle equipped with. As shown in the figure, one-way clutches 55, 56 are provided between the crankshaft 39 and the drive side chain sprocket 4, and two-stage deceleration planetary rollers are provided between the motor 31 and the drive side chain sprocket 4. Reduction mechanism 41-48
Also, one-way clutches 48a and 56 are provided.

The drive side chain sprocket 4 is connected to the rear wheel 17 via the chain 5, and the torque transmitted to the chain 5 is detected by the torque sensor 19 and the rotational speed of the chain 5 is detected by the rotational speed sensor. Detected by 67, these sensor signals are sent to the controller 69. The control device 69 is connected to the battery 68 and also to the motor 31, receives signals from the sensors 19 and 67, calculates appropriate torque and rotation of the motor for assisting the feeding action of the bicycle 16, and controls the motor 31. Control and
When the bicycle 16 is manually re-fed, the motor is rotated in the reverse direction so that the resistance load of the speed reduction mechanism is eliminated.

That is, when the motor 31 is stopped when the bicycle 16 is stopped and the operator descends and pulls the bicycle 16 back in the backward direction, the one-way clutch intermediate portion 56 is the outer peripheral portion of the one-way clutch on the auxiliary drive side. When engaging with 48a and trying to rotate it, the frictional resistance of the drive device makes it very heavy, and it becomes difficult to operate freely. In order to solve this, the control circuit 69
When the speed detected by the rotation speed sensor 67 is almost zero, instructs the motor 31 to reversely rotate at a low speed.

When the motor 31 rotates in the reverse direction, the one-way clutch intermediate portion 56 and the one-way clutch outer peripheral portion 48a remain disengaged, so that the operator can get off the bicycle 16 and easily move it backward. . The backward pullback may be detected by the rotation speed sensor 67 or the torque sensor 19 or a combination thereof. In addition, the bicycle 16 is moved forward to rotate the rotation speed sensor 67.
Detects a certain amount of rotation, the motor 31 stops,
Return to the normal pedal crank stepping forward state.

[Embodiment 4] A fourth embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
Shown in In this embodiment, the planetary roller speed reducer 70 directly connected to the motor is used.
It is about. That is, the motor 31 is housed in the motor casing 71 and the reduction mechanism casing 75
A two-stage decelerating planetary roller decelerating mechanism is housed therein, and these casings 71 and 75 are connected via an inner wall lid 74.

The motor 31 is composed of a stator 32 fixedly mounted in a motor casing 71 and wound with a coil for excitation, and a rotor 34 having a plurality of permanent magnets 33 attached to its inner circumference. That is, the motor 31 is an induction motor, the rotation speed is controlled by an inverter and the torque is controlled by a current.

A hollow output shaft, which projects from the inner wall cover 74 toward the speed reduction mechanism and forms the first sun roller 72, is fixed to the rotor 34. The motor side shaft end of the first sun roller 72 is supported by the motor casing 71 via the bearing 36, while the roller side thereof is supported rotatably by the bush 73 with respect to the crankshaft 39. As the bush 73, an oil-impregnated sintered alloy or a resin dry bearing having a small friction coefficient is used.

In the middle portion of the first sun roller 72, a seal ring attached to the inner wall lid 74 seals the lubricant on the planet roller side so that the lubricant does not leak to the motor 31 side. Similar to the first embodiment, the motor casing 71 is integrally provided with a mounting member for mounting on the bicycle. In the deceleration mechanism casing 75, an elastic ring 76 which is concentric with the first sun roller 72 and which is a first inner roller, and a solid inner roller 81 which is a second inner roller are loosely housed on the outer diameter side. That is, there is a radial gap between the inner peripheral surface of the reduction gear mechanism casing 75 and the outer peripheral surface of the elastic ring 76 and the solid inner roller 81.

Further, a plurality of first planetary rollers 78, which circumscribes the first sun roller 72 and inscribes the elastic ring 76, are rotatably supported by the planetary roller shaft 80 in the speed reduction mechanism casing 75, and A roller carrier 82 equally distributes and supports the roller shafts 80 on the circumference. The first planetary roller carrier 82 has its hollow output shaft concentrically arranged with respect to the crankshaft 39 with a gap therebetween, and the output shaft end forms a second sun roller 82a. Therefore, the elastic ring 76 and the first planetary roller carrier 82 are automatically adjusted to the axial center of the first sun roller 72 when the plurality of first planetary rollers 78 are pressed against the first sun roller 72 and the elastic ring 76. To be remembered.

In the deceleration mechanism casing 75, the elastic ring 76 and the solid inner roller 81 are housed adjacent to each other, inscribed in the solid inner roller 81, and the second sun roller 82.
A plurality of second planetary rollers 46 circumscribing a are rotatably supported by planetary roller shafts 49, and a second planetary roller carrier 48 supports these planetary roller shafts 49 by circumferentially equidistantly fixing them. These rollers are pressed against each other so that a frictional force corresponding to the driving torque is generated.

Therefore, the solid inner roller 81 is adjusted concentrically with the second sun roller 82a when the second planetary roller 46 is in pressure contact with the second sun roller 82a and the solid inner roller 81. By pressing the elastic ring 76 from the side surface, the inner diameter of the elastic ring 76 is reduced to generate the pressure contact force between the first-stage deceleration rollers. Therefore, an annular shim is formed between the inner wall lid 74 and the elastic ring 76. The width of the elastic ring 76 is adjusted by sandwiching 77. Elastic ring 7 by this shim 77
The force that presses 6 is considerably large, and since it has sufficient frictional force to prevent the elastic ring 76 and the solid inner roller 81 from rotating in the rotational direction, no special detent is necessary.

As described above, the double planetary roller reduction mechanism is housed between the inner wall lid 74 and the reduction mechanism casing 75, and the sprocket casing 52 is attached to the outside thereof. The support structure of the crankshaft 39 below the sprocket casing 52, the crankshaft 39 and the second
The structures of the two sets of the one-way clutch intermediate portion 56, the outer peripheral portion 48a, and the like which are formed between the planetary roller carrier output shaft 48 and the planetary roller carrier output shaft 48 are the same as those in the first embodiment. Therefore, the same parts as those in the first embodiment described above are designated by the same reference numerals and the duplicated description will be omitted.

The operation of the motor direct coupling planetary roller reducer 70 of the present embodiment having the above-mentioned construction is
This is the same as the planetary roller speed reducer 30 according to the first embodiment described above. However, the difference from the first embodiment is that the reduction gear mechanism casing 75 and the elastic ring 76 and the solid inner roller 81, which serve as the first and second inner rollers, are separated, and the outer portion of the elastic ring 76 and the solid inner roller 81 is different. The diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the speed reduction mechanism casing 75 to facilitate the assembling, and the elastic roller 76 is used as the inner roller for the first stage speed reduction.

Here, the centering of the elastic ring 76 is self-alignment (self-centering) when the first sun roller 72 and the first planetary roller 78 are combined, and the solid inner roller 81 of the second stage deceleration is used. The alignment is self-alignment (automatic alignment) when the second sun roller 82a, which is the output part of the first planetary roller carrier 82, and the second planetary roller 46 are combined. In addition, the shim 77 narrows the width of the elastic ring 76 to reduce the inner diameter, thereby adjusting the pressure contact force with the first planetary roller 78 required for driving, and at the same time, the side pressure of the elastic ring 76 causes the elastic ring 76 and the shim 77 to be separated. The frictional force with the inner wall lid 74 and the frictional force between the solid inner roller 81 and the side surface of the speed reduction mechanism casing 75 are also used as the rotation stopping force of the elastic ring 76 and the solid inner roller 81.

As a result, there is an advantage that the assembling work can be facilitated as a structure in which only the reduction mechanism portion can be disassembled and assembled outside. Further, in this embodiment, the first sun roller 72
Since the bush 73 that is fitted to and supports the crankshaft 39 is provided on the shaft cylinder side, the effect of suppressing the deflection of the axial center of the first sun roller 72 is also obtained.

[Embodiment 5] FIG. 9 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Shown in In this embodiment, the planetary roller speed reducer 85 directly connected to the motor is used.
It is about. This embodiment is the same as the third embodiment described above in that the double planetary roller speed reduction mechanism is housed between the inner wall cover 74 and the speed reduction mechanism casing 75. However, there is a difference in that a solid inner roller 86 having a small diameter is used in place of the elastic ring 76 which is the inner roller for the first stage deceleration.

That is, in the deceleration mechanism casing 75, a solid inner roller 86 which is concentric with the first sun roller 72 and which is a first inner roller, and a solid inner roller 81 which is a second inner roller are loosened toward the outer diameter side. It is stored in. That is, in the reduction mechanism casing 75, the solid inner roller 86
And the solid inner rollers 81 are arranged adjacent to each other, and the inner peripheral surface of the reduction mechanism casing 75 and the solid inner rollers 81, 86 are arranged.
There is a radial gap between the outer peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface.

Therefore, the solid inner roller 86 is automatically aligned with the axis of the first sun roller 72 when the plurality of first planetary roller carriers 78 are in pressure contact with the first sun roller 72 and the elastic ring 76. , Similarly, the solid inner roller 8
1 is adjusted concentrically with the second sun roller 82a when the second planetary roller 46 is in pressure contact with the second sun roller 82a and the solid inner roller 81.

Further, rotation preventing pins 87 and 88 are provided as rotation preventing means for the solid inner rollers 81 and 86 with respect to the speed reduction mechanism casing 75. This rotation stop pin 8
In order to allow the radial movements of the solid inner rollers 81 and 86, the reference numerals 7 and 88 are loosely fitted to the holes as shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), the structure is such that it is inserted into a long hole in the radial direction. In this way, the detent pins 87, 88
Functions as a detent for the solid inner rollers 81 and 86, but does not restrain the radial movement thereof, so that the self-alignment is not hindered. Since the structure is the same as that of the above-described embodiment except for the structure described above, the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and duplicate description will be omitted.

The operation of the motor direct coupling planetary roller speed reducer 85 of the present embodiment having the above-mentioned configuration is related to the power transmission function.
This is the same as the planetary roller speed reducer 30 according to the first embodiment described above. However, the difference from the first embodiment is that the reduction mechanism casing 75 and the solid inner rollers 81 and 86, which are the first and second inner rollers, are separate bodies, and the solid inner roller 8 is
The outer diameters of 1 and 86 are smaller than the inner diameter of the speed reduction mechanism casing 75 to facilitate assembly, and the solid inner rollers 81 and 86 have a floating structure with respect to the speed reduction mechanism casing 75.

That is, the first stage deceleration solid inner roller 86
Is self-alignment (automatic alignment) when the first sun roller 72 and the first planetary roller 78 are combined, and the second
The center of the solid inner roller 81 for step deceleration is adjusted by the second sun roller 82, which is the output portion of the first planetary roller carrier 82.
Self-alignment (self-alignment) is performed when a and the second planetary roller 46 are combined.

As a result, there is an advantage that the assembling work can be facilitated as a structure in which only the reduction mechanism portion can be disassembled and assembled outside. Since the transmission torque of the first-stage speed reducer may be smaller than that of the second-stage speed reducer, the rollers 72, 78, 86 forming the speed reducer are the rollers 82a, 46, forming the second speed reducer. The diameter may be smaller than 81, and the number of planet rollers 78 may be small.

[0066]

As described above in detail with reference to the embodiments, since the present invention uses the planetary roller speed reduction mechanism, it has less vibration and noise than the gear speed reducer. Further, a sun roller is formed at the end of the motor output shaft, and a first stage planetary roller speed reduction mechanism is constructed around this sun roller. Further, the output shaft of the first stage planetary roller shaft carrier is used as a sun roller. Since the second stage planetary roller deceleration mechanism is mainly configured by, the sufficient reduction ratio can be obtained. Further, the motor and the two-stage planetary roller speed reduction mechanism are housed in the casing as a unit, which is compact and allows good weight distribution to the wheels. When this planetary roller reducer with a motor is used as auxiliary power for the bicycle, the output chain sprocket can be arranged at the same axial position as that of a normal bicycle, so that the sprocket on the driven side can be kept at the normal position. When a traveling torque of a certain value or more is required during traveling of the bicycle, the control device can control the motor to a rotation speed matching the speed and a required torque. Moreover, when the operator gets off the bicycle and wants to pull it back in the backward direction, the reverse rotation detection sensor turns on the motor.
By reversely rotating and temporarily disengaging the one-way clutch, the bicycle can be easily moved backwards. In particular, the reduction gear mechanism casing and the inner roller are separated, the outer diameter of the reduction gear mechanism is made smaller than the inner diameter of the reduction gear mechanism casing, and the inner roller is centered for self-alignment when the sun roller and the planetary roller are combined. In the case of the product, only the speed reduction mechanism can be partially assembled, which facilitates the incorporation. Further, in the case where the inner roller of the first stage deceleration is an elastic ring, the frictional force between the side surfaces of the reduction mechanism casing due to the lateral pressure of the elastic ring is used as the rotation stopping force of the elastic ring and the inner roller of the second stage. Since it can be done, an extra detent is not required and the structure is simple.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a motor direct connection planetary roller speed reducer according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a cross section taken along line A in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a bicycle to which the motor direct coupling planetary roller reducer of FIG. 1 is attached according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view showing a BB cross section of FIG. 3;

5 is a side view showing the torque detection sensor in FIG. 4. FIG.

6 is a top view of the torque detection sensor of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a power transmission and control system of the bicycle of FIG. 3 according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a side sectional view of a motor direct coupling planetary roller reducer according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a side sectional view of a motor direct connection planetary roller reducer according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a side view showing an overview of a conventional bicycle power mechanism.

11 is a plan view of the power mechanism of the bicycle shown in FIG.

12 is a front view showing an example of a torque detector in FIG.

13 is a plan view of the torque detector of FIG.

FIG. 14 is a side sectional view of a conventional motor direct coupling planetary gear reducer.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory view showing a fitting structure of a rotation stop pin.

[Explanation of symbols]

 4 Chain Sprocket 5 Chain 16 Bicycle with Auxiliary Power 17 Rear Wheel 19 Torque Sensor 30, 70, 85 Motor Directly Connected Planetary Roller Reducer 31 Motor 35, 72 Sun Roller (Motor Output Shaft) 38 Motor Casing 39 Crankshaft 41, 75 Reduction Mechanism Casing 41a First inner roller 41b Second inner roller 42,78 First planetary roller 44,80 Planetary roller shaft 45,82 First planetary roller carrier 46 Second planetary roller 48 Second planetary roller carrier 48a One-way clutch 49 Planetary roller Shaft 50 Push 55 One-way clutch inner peripheral portion 56 One-way clutch intermediate portion 67 Rotation speed sensor 74 Middle wall lid 76 Elastic ring 77 Shim 81 Solid inner roller 86 First solid inner roller 87,88 Anti-rotation pin

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A one-way clutch is interposed between a crankshaft and a drive-side chain sprocket, and a two-stage decelerating planetary roller reduction mechanism and a one-way clutch are interposed between a motor and the drive-side chain sprocket. A planetary roller speed reducer directly connected to a motor characterized by being installed. 2. A motor in which a hollow output shaft supported by a casing via a bearing forms a first sun roller,
A first inner roller mounted concentrically with the first sun roller on an inner circumference of the casing; a plurality of first planetary rollers circumscribing the first sun roller and inscribing the first inner roller; A plurality of planetary roller shafts that rotatably support the planetary rollers and a first planetary roller carrier that has a hollow output shaft that supports and supports the roller shafts and forms a second sun roller. A second inner roller adjacent to the first inner roller and concentrically attached to the first sun roller; a plurality of second planetary rollers circumscribing the second sun roller and inscribing the second inner roller; 2 A second planetary roller carrier having a planetary roller shaft that rotatably supports the planetary roller and a hollow output shaft that fixedly supports the roller shaft, and an output of the motor that is rotatably supported by the casing via a bearing. A crankshaft rotatably passing through a shaft and hollow shafts of the first planetary roller carrier and the second planetary roller carrier, and an intervening bearing between the output shaft of the second planetary roller carrier and the crankshaft. And a drive-side chain sprocket to which power is transmitted through both the output shaft of the second planetary roller carrier and the crankshaft simultaneously or independently through the double one-way clutch. A planetary roller speed reducer directly connected to a bicycle motor, which is characterized by being provided. 3. The planetary roller speed reduction mechanism is housed in a speed reduction mechanism casing provided with a motor casing for housing the motor and an intermediate wall interposed therebetween, and is supported by the intermediate wall via a bearing to the speed reduction mechanism side. A first sun roller projectingly formed on the outer periphery of the hollow output shaft of the motor;
A crankshaft is rotatably press-fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the output shaft of the first sun roller via a bush, and a gap is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the speed reduction mechanism casing and a first concentric with the first sun roller. 1 an elastic ring attached as an inner roller, a plurality of first planetary rollers circumscribing the first sun roller and inscribed in the elastic ring, a plurality of planetary roller shafts for rotatably supporting the first planetary roller, and The hollow output shaft that is coaxial with the crank shaft to support the roller shaft is the second
A first planetary roller carrier forming a sun roller,
A solid inner roller which is provided as a second inner roller concentrically with the second sun roller, a side surface of which is in contact with the elastic ring, with a gap being formed in the inner peripheral surface of the speed reduction mechanism casing;
An annular shim that adjusts the axial pressure applied to the solid inner roller and the elastic ring at the time of mounting the casing in the speed reduction mechanism casing, and circumscribes the second sun roller and is internal to the solid inner roller. A second planetary roller carrier having a plurality of contacting second planetary rollers, a plurality of planetary roller shafts for rotatably supporting the second planetary rollers, and a hollow output shaft for fixedly supporting the roller shafts. The planetary roller speed reducer for a bicycle motor according to claim 1, wherein the planetary roller speed reducer is a bicycle motor. 4. A first solid inner roller is provided instead of the elastic ring, the shim is omitted, and a detent for the first solid inner roller and the solid inner roller with respect to the speed reduction mechanism casing is provided. The planetary roller speed reducer for a bicycle motor according to claim 3, characterized in that. 5. The planetary roller speed reducer directly connected to a motor according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, is integrally mounted on a frame at a position to be a crank hub of a bicycle, and the drive side chain sprocket is attached to a rear wheel shaft via a chain. A bicycle with an auxiliary drive device, which is connected to an attached driven sprocket. 6. A bicycle according to claim 5, wherein a transmission torque sensor and a speed sensor are provided in the power transmission portion after the driving side chain sprocket of the bicycle, and the control device which receives signals from these sensors is suitable for assisting the feeding action force of the bicycle. The auxiliary drive device is characterized in that the torque and rotation of the motor are calculated to control the motor, and when the bicycle is manually re-fed, the motor is rotated in the reverse direction to eliminate the resistance load of the reduction mechanism. With bicycle.