JPH09166803A - Camera - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To switch an optical path in the midst of a photographic optical system, at the time of housing a lens barrel in a camera body and to make the size of the whole camera when the lens barrel is housed smaller. SOLUTION: A jumping up type total reflection mirror AM1 is arranged in the photographic optical system in the lens barrel and a mirror stopper 306 moved along the optical axis of the photographic optical system, linked with the housing and extending of the lens barrel into/from the body is provided. In the extended state of the lens barrel, the mirror stopper 306 is in front and the mirror AM1 whose surface is abutted on the mirror stopper 306 diagonally crosses the photographic optical system optical axis AX. In a state where the lens barrel is housed in the body, the mirror stopper 306 is moved to the back and the mirror AM1 nearly orthogonally crosses the photographic optical system optical axis AX.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a camera, and more particularly to a lens barrel of the camera, and more particularly, the lens barrel is housed in the camera body when not in use and the lens barrel is used when in use. It is related to the camera that comes out from.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for a camera that is compact and lightweight, has no parallax in a photographed image and a finder image, and has both portability and operability. As one method for reducing the size of a camera, a method is known in which the lens barrel is housed in a camera body and the lens barrel is extended during use. In such a camera, in order to facilitate the storage of the lens barrel in the body, the optical elements disposed inside the lens barrel are made movable, and the mutual distance between the optical elements is reduced when the lens element is housed and extended when the lens element is extended. It is configured.

On the other hand, in order to completely remove the parallax regardless of the distance to the object to be photographed, it is necessary to guide the light of the photographing optical system to the finder. For this reason, in a single-lens reflex camera, a flip-up type mirror for switching the optical path of the photographing optical system is arranged inside the camera body so that the photographic film is exposed during photographing and the image is provided to the viewfinder during non-photographing. .

[0004]

However, in the single-lens reflex camera, the optical path from the optical path switching mirror to the user's eye is short, and in order to obtain a finder image without vertical and horizontal inversion in this optical path, A large penta roof prism is installed on the upper part of the body, making the entire camera larger. Further, since the flip-up type mirror is arranged inside the camera body, the lens barrel cannot be housed.

If an optical path switching mirror is provided in the middle of the photographing optical system, the optical path of the finder optical system becomes long, and it becomes easy to provide an erecting finder image without using a large and heavy penta roof prism. Also,
It is not necessary to provide an optical path switching mirror on the camera body, and the lens barrel can be housed in the body. On the other hand, the lens barrel itself becomes long, and the contribution to miniaturization of the entire camera becomes small.

It is an object of the present invention to change the optical path in the middle of a photographing optical system in a camera in which a lens barrel is housed in a camera body, and to reduce the size of the entire camera when the lens barrel is housed.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, a lens barrel for housing a photographing optical system is
In a camera that is housed in the camera body when not in use and is extended from the camera body along the optical axis of the photographing optical system when in use, it is located outside the optical path of the photographing optical system during photographing in use, and in standby during photographing in use. The optical path of the photographing optical system is changed by advancing on the optical path of the photographing optical system and facing the first direction, and is positioned on the optical path of the photographing optical system when not in use and faces a second direction different from the first direction. An optical path switching means is provided in the lens barrel.

The lens barrel is extended from the camera body at the time of use, including at the time of shooting and at the time of shooting standby, and is housed in the camera body when not in use. The optical path switching means is present outside the optical path of the image taking optical system, that is, at a position retracted from the optical path during image taking, and is located on the optical path of the image taking optical system during image taking standby and when not in use. The optical path switching means faces the first and second directions when positioned on the optical path of the photographing optical system. The first direction is the direction for changing the optical path, and the second direction is involved in the optical path switching. do not do. The light of the photographing optical system is guided to a finder, for example, after its optical path is changed.

If the length of the optical path switching means in the direction along the optical axis of the photographing optical system when facing the second direction is shorter than that when facing the first direction, the photographing optical system when not in use. The distance between the other optical elements of the system and the optical path switching means can be shortened. As a result, the lens barrel can be contracted, and the size of the camera when not in use can be reduced.

In the above structure, the optical path switching means is interlocked with the movement of the lens barrel to be housed in the camera body and the movement of the lens barrel to be extended from the camera body.
The direction may be changed between the directions. When the lens barrel is housed in the body, the optical path switching means automatically moves to the second
Turn to. When the lens barrel is extended from the body, the optical path switching means automatically faces the first direction, and it becomes possible to take an image immediately.

Specifically, a mirror is used as the optical path switching means. In this case, the first direction is the direction in which the reflecting surface of the mirror intersects the optical axis of the photographing optical system, and the second direction is the direction in which the reflecting surface of the mirror is substantially orthogonal to the optical axis of the photographing optical system. Since the thickness of the mirror can be made thinner than the vertical and horizontal lengths of the reflecting surface, the second direction that is substantially orthogonal to that in the first direction obliquely intersecting the optical axis of the photographic optical system can be viewed in the second direction. When facing, the length occupied by the mirror along the optical axis of the photographing optical system becomes much shorter. Therefore, when facing the second direction, the other optical element can be brought close to the mirror greatly, and the length of the lens barrel when not in use can be shortened as compared with when in use.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A camera embodying the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As an example of the light beam splitter, a semi-transmissive mirror such as a pellicle mirror or a half mirror; a prism having a semi-transmissive reflection surface (FIG. 32)
However, the present invention is not limited to these as long as the luminous flux can be divided. In the following description, a half mirror is used as a typical example of the light beam splitter. An example of the optical path switching device is a flip-up movable total reflection mirror, but the optical path switching device is not limited to these as long as the optical path can be switched. In the following description, a flip-up movable total reflection mirror will be described as a typical example of the optical path switching device.

<< Optical Configuration of Camera >> An optical configuration of a camera embodying the present invention will be schematically shown in FIGS. It should be noted that the same portions or corresponding portions between the embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be appropriately omitted.

<Basic configuration of light beam splitting type (FIG. 1)> FIG.
The optical system of the camera shown in FIG.
1, a half mirror HM1 and a photographing optical system including a rear lens group L2, a front lens group L1, a half mirror HM1, a total reflection mirror AM2, a rear lens group L3 of a finder system, and an eyepiece lens L.
It consists of a viewfinder optical system consisting of E and
The front group L1 is configured to be shared by the photographing optical system and the finder optical system. A subject image is formed on the film surface N1 by the photographing optical system, while a primary image is formed at the primary image surface I1 position by the finder optical system. In FIG. 1, AX is the optical axis of the front group L1, AX1 is the optical axis of the rear group L2 of the imaging system, and AX2 is the optical axis of the finder system after the half mirror HM1.

The half mirror HM1 disposed between the front group L1 and the rear group L2 of the photographing system transmits the light flux incident on the photographing optical system in the middle of the photographing optical system (that is, the front group L1 and the rear group of the photographing system). (Between L2 and L2), it is divided into a luminous flux for photographing which is a transmitted luminous flux and a luminous flux for finder which is a reflected luminous flux. The photographing light flux and the finder light flux obtained by this light flux division are optically equivalent. Further, the light flux split into two by the half mirror HM1 is a light flux after entering the photographing optical system (that is, a light flux after passing through the front group L1). Therefore, parallax does not occur between the photographing optical system and the viewfinder optical system. Moreover, since the finder image is not blacked out even during exposure of the film, the same screen as the film surface N1 can always be confirmed with the finder. Also, since this beam splitting is performed in the middle of the shooting optical system,
The back focus can be shortened. As a result, the internal structure of the camera can be made compact, and the camera can be made compact.

The photographing optical system and the finder optical system are zoom optical systems. The zooming of the photographic optical system is the front group L
1, the half mirror HM1 is performed by zoom movement of the rear group L2 of the photographing system, while the zooming of the finder optical system is performed by zoom movement of the rear group L3 of the finder system (that is, movement equivalent to that of the rear group L2 of the photographing system). .

The half mirror HM1 is provided so as to be movable along the optical axes AX and AX1 of the photographing optical system, and performs zoom movement along the optical axes AX and AX1 during zooming as described above. If the fixed half mirror HM1 is provided in the middle of the photographing optical system, the zoom movement of the front group L1 and the rear group L2 of the photographing system is restricted.
Since No. 1 performs the zoom movement as described above, the zoom movement of the photographing optical system is not limited.

Focusing is performed by moving the focus of the front lens unit L1. Since the focusing is performed with the light beam before being divided, the focus state can be confirmed through the finder without moving the rear lens group L3 of the finder system. Further, if the front lens unit L1 is used as a camera shake correction optical system, the light beam after camera shake correction is divided, so that the camera shake correction effect can be confirmed through the finder. As described above, the finder image does not black out even during exposure of the film, so that the focus state and the camera shake correction effect can be continuously confirmed with the finder. Therefore, by continuing the camera shake correction after the auto focus, it is possible to move to the release operation while confirming the camera shake correction effect, and to know that the shooting without camera shake is completed.

In this embodiment, focusing is performed by the focus movement of the front lens unit L1 as described above, but a focus method such as internal focus or rear focus may be adopted in this configuration. If the fixed half mirror HM1 is provided in the middle of the photographing optical system, the focus movement of the photographing optical system is restricted. However, since the half mirror HM1 is movable as described above, the focus of the photographing optical system is reduced. The light beam division can be performed while moving the half mirror HM1 along the optical axes AX and AX1 so as not to hinder the movement. Therefore, the focus movement of the photographing optical system is not restricted.

The surface of the half mirror HM1 for splitting the light beam must be of a size that matches the maximum light beam diameter in focusing and zooming. According to the embodiment shown in FIG. AX, AX1
By moving the half mirror HM1 along the light flux, the light flux can be split at a position where the light flux becomes the thinnest (for example, a position near the diaphragm). Therefore, the size of the half mirror HM1 can be reduced by reducing the surface for dividing the light flux. For example, in the case where the front group L1 is a diverging system, if the front group L1 moves away from the half mirror HM1, the luminous flux incident on the half mirror HM1 becomes thick, but the half mirror HM1 is movable as described above. Then, the light beam can be split at a position where the light beam width is always constant and has the minimum value. If the half mirror HM1 is miniaturized so that the surface for splitting the luminous flux becomes small, the internal structure of the camera can be made compact, and the camera can be miniaturized.

When the shutter also used as the diaphragm is used in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the half mirror HM1 is shuttered so that the half mirror HM1 can move together with the shutter along the optical axes AX and AX1 of the photographing optical system. It is preferably provided near the front side of the. According to this structure, since the light beam splitting can be performed while moving the half mirror HM1 and the shutter along the optical axes AX and AX1 so as not to hinder the movement of the photographing optical system, the focus movement of the photographing optical system can be performed. It is possible to realize a camera whose zoom movement is not restricted. Also in this case, since the light flux split by the half mirror HM1 is the light flux after entering the photographing optical system as described above, parallax does not occur, and the back focus is shortened and the light flux is split. The camera can be miniaturized due to the miniaturization of the surface.

<Flux division type having relay lens in finder optical system (FIG. 2)> The optical system of the camera shown in FIG. 2 is the same as the optical system shown in FIG. Between the relay lens LR
Are arranged. Relay lens LR is 1
The secondary image is formed at the secondary image plane I2 position by re-imaging the primary image formed at the secondary image plane I1 position. And
This secondary image is observed through the eyepiece lens LE. In this way, since the light flux can be guided to the eyepiece lens LE without waste by the relay lens LR, a bright image equivalent to the image formed on the film surface N1 by the photographing light flux can be confirmed with the finder.

<Basic configuration of optical path switching type (FIG. 3)> FIG.
The optical system of the camera shown in FIG. 2 is similar to the optical system shown in FIG. 1 except that a flip-up movable total reflection mirror AM1 is used instead of the half mirror HM1 in the optical system shown in FIG. It is configured. That is, in order from the subject side, a photographing optical system including a front group L1, a total reflection mirror AM1 and a photographing system rear group L2, a front group L1, a total reflection mirror AM1, a total reflection mirror AM2 and a finder system rear group L.
Finder optical system consisting of 3 and eyepiece lens LE,
The front lens unit L1 is shared by the photographing optical system and the finder optical system. When the total reflection mirror AM1 is flipped up, a subject image is formed on the film surface N1 by the photographing optical system, and the total reflection mirror A1
In the returned state of M1, the primary image is formed at the primary image plane I1 position by the finder optical system.

The total reflection mirror AM1 arranged between the front lens group L1 and the rear lens group L2 of the photographing system uses the optical path of the light beam incident on the photographing optical system in the middle of the photographing optical system (that is, when photographing with the front lens group L1). Between the system rear unit L2), the optical path is switched to either the optical path of the photographing light flux or the optical path of the finder light flux (reflected light flux). The photographing light flux and the finder light flux obtained by this optical path switching are optically equivalent. The light flux whose optical path is switched by the total reflection mirror AM1 is the light flux after entering the photographing optical system (that is, the light flux after passing through the front unit L1). Therefore, parallax does not occur between the photographing optical system and the viewfinder optical system. Further, since the optical path switching is performed in the middle of the photographing optical system, the back focus can be shortened. As a result, the internal structure of the camera can be made compact, and the camera can be made compact.

The photographing optical system and the finder optical system are zoom optical systems. The zooming of the photographic optical system is the front group L
1, the total reflection mirror AM1, the zoom movement of the rear group L2 of the photographing system, while the zooming of the finder optical system is performed by the zoom movement of the rear group L3 of the finder system (that is, movement equivalent to that of the rear group L2 of the photographing system). Be seen.

The total reflection mirror AM1 is provided so as to be movable along the optical axes AX and AX1 of the photographing optical system. As described above, the zooming movement is performed along the optical axes AX and AX1 during zooming. If the position-fixed total reflection mirror AM1 is provided in the middle of the photographing optical system, the zoom movement of the front group L1 and the rear group L2 of the photographing system is restricted.
Since No. 1 performs the zoom movement as described above, the zoom movement of the photographing optical system is not limited.

Focusing is performed by the focus movement of the front lens unit L1. Focusing is performed by the light flux before the optical path is switched, so that the focus state can be confirmed through the finder without moving the rear lens group L3 of the finder system. Further, if the front lens group L1 is used as a camera shake correction optical system, camera shake correction is performed before the optical path is switched, so that the camera shake correction effect can be confirmed through the finder.

In this embodiment, focusing is performed by the focus movement of the front lens unit L1 as described above, but a focus method such as internal focus or rear focus may be adopted in this configuration. If the fixed total reflection mirror AM1 is provided in the middle of the photographing optical system, the focus movement of the photographing optical system is restricted. However, since the total reflection mirror AM1 is movable as described above, the photographing optical system The optical path switching can be performed while moving the total reflection mirror AM1 along the optical axes AX and AX1 so as not to hinder the focus movement. Therefore, the focus movement of the photographing optical system is not restricted.

Further, the surface for switching the optical path of the total reflection mirror AM1 must be of a size that matches the maximum light beam diameter in focusing and zooming, but according to the embodiment shown in FIG. AX, AX
By moving the total reflection mirror AM1 along 1, it is possible to switch the optical path at a position where the luminous flux becomes the thinnest (for example, a position near the diaphragm). Therefore, the size of the total reflection mirror AM1 can be reduced by reducing the surface for switching the optical path. For example, in the case where the front group L1 is a divergent system, if the front group L1 moves away from the total reflection mirror AM1, the luminous flux incident on the total reflection mirror AM1 becomes thick, but the total reflection mirror AM1 is moved as described above. If possible, the optical path can be switched at a position with a constant and minimum luminous flux width. If the total reflection mirror AM1 is downsized so that the surface for switching the optical path becomes small,
The size of the camera can be reduced.

When a shutter that also serves as an aperture is used in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the total reflection mirror AM1 is moved so that the total reflection mirror AM1 can move along with the shutter along the optical axes AX and AX1 of the photographing optical system. Is preferably provided near the front side of the shutter. According to this structure, the optical path can be switched while moving the total reflection mirror AM1 and the shutter along the optical axes AX and AX1 so as not to hinder the movement of the photographing optical system. It is possible to realize a camera in which movement and zoom movement are not restricted. Also in this case, as described above, since the light flux whose optical path is switched by the total reflection mirror AM1 is the light flux after entering the photographing optical system, parallax does not occur, and the back focus is shortened and shortened. The camera can be downsized by downsizing the surface for switching the optical path.

<Optical Path Switching Type Having Relay Lens in Viewfinder Optical System (FIG. 4)> The optical system of the camera shown in FIG. 4 is the same as the optical system shown in FIG. Between the relay lens LR
Are arranged. Relay lens LR is 1
The secondary image is formed at the secondary image plane I2 position by re-imaging the primary image formed at the secondary image plane I1 position. And
This secondary image is observed through the eyepiece lens LE. In this way, since the light flux can be guided to the eyepiece lens LE without waste by the relay lens LR, a bright image equivalent to the image formed on the film surface N1 by the photographing light flux can be confirmed with the finder.

<Light splitting type having diffuser plate and photometric element (FIG. 5)> The optical system of the camera shown in FIG.
In the optical system shown in, the position of the primary image plane I1 (the primary image plane I
It may be a position near one. ), A diffusion plate P1 is arranged, and a photometric element SE for performing photometry using light from the diffusion plate P1 is provided. Since the primary image equivalent to the image formed by the photographing light flux is formed on the diffusion plate P1, the focus state of the photographing optical system can be confirmed through the finder. Since the diffusion plate P1 is used, there is an effect that the focus state of the photographing optical system can be confirmed. Further, since the photometry is performed using the light from the diffusion plate P1,
The degree of freedom in how to extract the light beam for photometry is increased, and therefore, the effect that the degree of freedom in the arrangement of the photometric element SE is improved can be obtained.

<Light Beam Splitting Type Having Diffuser, Photometric Element, and Relay Lens (FIG. 6)> The optical system of the camera shown in FIG. 6 is the same as the optical system shown in FIG. The relay lens LR is arranged between the two. The relay lens LR forms a secondary image at the secondary image plane I2 position by re-imaging the primary image formed at the primary image plane I1 position. Then, this secondary image is observed through the eyepiece lens LE. Relay lens LR
Since the secondary image formed by the eyepiece LE is observed by the eyepiece LE, the light from the diffuser P1 is not wasted.
Can lead to. Therefore, a bright image equivalent to the image formed on the film surface N1 by the photographing light flux can be confirmed with the finder.

<Optical Path Switching Type Having Diffuser and Photometric Element (FIG. 7)> The optical system of the camera shown in FIG.
In the optical system shown in FIG. 5, the flip-up movable total reflection mirror AM1 is used in place of the half mirror HM1, and the optical system shown in FIG. Therefore, the operation and effect associated with this modification of the configuration are similar to those of the optical system shown in FIG.

<Optical Path Switching Type Having Diffuser, Photometric Element, and Relay Lens (FIG. 8)> The optical system of the camera shown in FIG. 8 is the optical system shown in FIG. 6 described above, which is flipped up instead of the half mirror HM1. Movable total reflection mirror AM1
Except that the optical system shown in FIG. 6 is used. Therefore, the operation and effect associated with this modification of the configuration are similar to those of the optical system shown in FIG.

<Light Beam Splitting Type Having Focus State Detection Element (FIG. 9)> The optical system of the camera shown in FIG.
In the optical system shown in FIG. 3, a half mirror HM3 is arranged between the rear lens group L3 of the finder system and the primary image plane I1, and the focus state is detected by using the focus state detection light beam split by the half mirror HM3. The detection element SF is arranged. In FIG. 9, AX3 is the optical axis of the focus state detection system, and I1a is a primary image plane equivalent to the primary image plane I1.

As described above, by arranging the focus state detecting element SF in the finder optical system in the light beam splitting type optical system, it becomes possible to detect the focus state even during film exposure. Therefore, it is possible to always focus on the subject. In addition, an AF (autofocus) mirror that is conventionally arranged at the bottom of the mirror box for guiding the focus state detecting light flux to the focus state detecting element SF is not required, and a mechanism for retracting the AF mirror is also unnecessary. Therefore, since the retracting mechanism for the AF mirror is not required, the mechanism in the camera can be simplified, and the focus state detecting element SF can detect the focus state with high accuracy.

If the focus state detecting element SF is also used as the photometric element, the space can be effectively utilized. For example, if a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) is used to detect the focus state by a contrast detection method or a phase difference detection method, a focus state detection system and a photometry system can be realized by one element, and the internal configuration of the camera can be realized. Can be made compact. Therefore, the size and cost of the camera can be reduced.

<Light Beam Splitting Type Having Focus State Detection Element and Relay Lens (FIG. 10)> The optical system of the camera shown in FIG. 10 is similar to the optical system shown in FIG.
The relay lens LR is arranged between the lens 1 and the eyepiece lens LE. The relay lens LR has a primary image plane I
By re-imaging the primary image formed at one position, 2
A secondary image is formed at the position of the next image plane I2. Then, this secondary image is observed through the eyepiece lens LE. in this way,
Eyepiece lens L without wasting light flux by relay lens LR
Since it can be led to E, a bright image equivalent to the image formed on the film surface N1 by the photographing light beam can be confirmed with the finder.

Since the focus state detection element SF is arranged near the primary image plane I1a equivalent to the primary image plane I1, the focus state detection element SF is closer to the focus state than when the focus state detection element SF is arranged near the secondary image plane I2. This has the effect that the state detection accuracy is unlikely to be affected by mounting errors and the like. Therefore, the focus state detection element SF
The focus state detection accuracy can be improved as compared with the case where is arranged near the secondary image plane I2. In addition, there is an effect that correlation with the photographing optical system can be easily obtained.

<Optical Path Switching Type Having Focus State Detection Element (FIG. 11)> The optical system of the camera shown in FIG. 11 is a flip-up movable type instead of the half mirror HM1 in the optical system shown in FIG. 9 described above. The configuration is similar to that of the optics shown in FIG. 9 except that the reflecting mirror AM1 is used.
Therefore, the operation and effect associated with this modification of the configuration are similar to those of the optical system shown in FIG.

<Optical Path Switching Type Having Focus State Detecting Element and Relay Lens (FIG. 12)> The optical system of the camera shown in FIG. 12 is movable up instead of the half mirror HM1 in the optical system shown in FIG. Type total reflection mirror A
The optical system is configured similarly to the optical system shown in FIG. 10 except that M1 is used. Therefore, the operation and effect associated with this modification of the configuration are similar to those of the optical system shown in FIG.

<Flux division type having area sensor
(FIG. 13)> The optical system of the camera shown in FIG. 13 is the same as the optical system shown in FIG.
The half mirror HM3 is arranged between the image plane I1 and the next image plane I1, and the area sensor SA for detecting the focus state and the camera shake is arranged by using the sensor light flux divided by the half mirror HM3. In FIG. 13, AX3 is the optical axis of the area sensor system, and I1a is the primary image plane I1.
Is a primary image surface equivalent to.

As described above, in the light beam splitting type optical system, if the area sensor SA including a CCD is arranged in the finder system, the focus state can be detected by the contrast detection method or the phase difference detection method. At the same time, camera shake detection (that is, image shake detection) can be performed by an optical detection method. Therefore, it is possible to continuously perform the focus state detection and the camera shake detection even during film exposure. Furthermore, if the output of the CCD is used for photometry, the area sensor can also be used as a photometric element. As described above, it is possible to make the camera multifunctional while achieving downsizing and cost reduction of the camera.
Instead of the area sensor, a line sensor arranged in a cross (that is, a cross sensor) may be used.

<Light flux splitting type having area sensor and relay lens (FIG. 14)> The optical system of the camera shown in FIG. 14 is the same as the optical system shown in FIG.
The relay lens LR is arranged between the lens 1 and the eyepiece lens LE. The relay lens LR has a primary image plane I
By re-imaging the primary image formed at one position, 2
A secondary image is formed at the position of the next image plane I2. Then, this secondary image is observed through the eyepiece lens LE. in this way,
Eyepiece lens L without wasting light flux by relay lens LR
Since it can be led to E, a bright image equivalent to the image formed on the film surface N1 by the photographing light beam can be confirmed with the finder.

Since the area sensor SA is arranged near the primary image surface I1a equivalent to the primary image surface I1, the area sensor SA is arranged closer to the secondary image surface I2 than when the area sensor SA is arranged near the secondary image surface I2.
This has the effect that the focus state detection accuracy and camera shake detection accuracy are unlikely to be affected by mounting errors and the like. Therefore, the focus state detection accuracy and the camera shake detection accuracy can be improved more than when the area sensor SA is arranged near the secondary image plane I2. In addition, there is an effect that correlation with the photographing optical system can be easily obtained.

<Light splitting type having a diffusing plate, a light control element, and a photometric element (FIG. 15)> The optical system of the camera shown in FIG. 15 is similar to the optical system shown in FIG.
A configuration in which a diffusing plate P1 is arranged at a position (may be a position near the primary image plane I1), and a dimmer element SL for performing photometry for obtaining dimming data using light from the diffusing plate P1 is provided. Has become. Further, instead of the total reflection mirror AM2, a half mirror HM2 is arranged, and the half mirror HM2 splits the light flux for finder to perform the constant light photometry using the light flux for the constant light photometry extracted as a part thereof. It is configured with SE.

Since the primary image equivalent to the image formed by the photographing light flux is formed on the diffusion plate P1, the focus state of the photographing optical system can be confirmed through the finder. Since the diffusion plate P1 is used, there is an effect that the focus state of the photographing optical system can be confirmed. Further, since photometry for dimming is performed using light from the diffusion plate P1, the degree of freedom in how to extract the light flux for dimming is increased, and therefore the degree of freedom in the arrangement of the dimming element SL is improved. The effect of doing is obtained.

In the conventional method of adjusting light using the reflected light from the film surface N1, since the reflectance of the film varies depending on the type of film, it is necessary to make a delicate correction according to the type of film. However, according to the configuration of this embodiment, since the reflected light from the film surface N1 is not used, it is not necessary to make a correction according to the type of film. Therefore, it is possible to perform light control that does not depend on the reflectance of the film in flash photography. Moreover, since the light control element SL always receives the finder light beam, the light control is possible even during film exposure in flash photography.

Further, since the light metering element SL for light adjustment and the light metering element SE for constant light metering are provided independently of each other, it is possible to perform the light metering optimum for photographing corresponding to each of them.
It should be noted that either of the light control element SL and the constant light metering photometer SE may be shared for the light control and the constant light metering, thereby achieving downsizing and cost reduction of the camera. be able to.

<Light splitting type having diffuser plate, light control element, photometric element, relay lens (FIG. 16)> The optical system of the camera shown in FIG. 16 is the same as the diffuser plate P1 in the optical system shown in FIG. The relay lens LR is arranged between the eyepiece lens LE and the eyepiece lens LE. Relay lens LR
Forms a secondary image at the secondary image plane I2 position by re-imaging the primary image formed at the primary image plane I1 position. Then, this secondary image is observed through the eyepiece lens LE. Since the secondary image formed by the relay lens LR is observed by the eyepiece lens LE, the light from the diffusion plate P1 can be guided to the eyepiece lens LE without waste. Therefore, a bright image equivalent to the image formed on the film surface N1 by the photographing light flux can be confirmed with the finder.

<Optical Path Switching Type Having Diffuser, Light Control Element, and Photometric Element (FIG. 17)> The optical system of the camera shown in FIG. 17 is the same as the optical system shown in FIG. Lifting movable total reflection mirror AM
The optical system is configured similarly to the optical system shown in FIG. Therefore, the operation and effect associated with this modification of the configuration are similar to those of the optical system shown in FIG.

However, in this type of camera, since all the light during film exposure goes to the film surface N1 side, light does not enter the finder system and is completely blacked out. Therefore, the flash pre-emission is performed before the total reflection mirror AM1 is flipped up, the reflected light from the subject is monitored by the light control element SL, and it is necessary for the main emission at the time of film exposure based on the obtained data. It is desirable to adjust the light emission amount. This control will be described later.

<Optical Path Switching Type Having Diffuser, Dimmer Element, Photometric Element, and Relay Lens (FIG. 18)> The optical system of the camera shown in FIG. 18 is the same as the optical system shown in FIG. The optical system has the same configuration as that of the optical system shown in FIG. 16, except that a flip-up movable total reflection mirror AM1 is used instead. Therefore, the operation and effect associated with this modification of the configuration are similar to those of the optical system shown in FIG. The necessity of pre-emission is as described above.

<Light splitting type having photometric element above half mirror (FIG. 19)> The optical system of the camera shown in FIG. 19 is a half mirror instead of the total reflection mirror AM2 in the optical system shown in FIG. An HM2 is provided, and a photometric element SE that performs photometry using the light beam for photometry divided by the half mirror HM2 is arranged above the half mirrors HM1 and HM2. Furthermore, half mirror HM2
Is configured to move zooming with the zooming of the photographing optical system. In FIG. 19, AX3 is the optical axis of the photometric system.

As described above, the space can be effectively used by disposing the photometric element SE above the half mirrors HM1 and HM2 which can easily secure the space. Therefore, the internal structure of the camera is made compact by the photometric element arrangement that enables effective use of this space,
The size of the camera can be reduced. Further, since the light beam for photometry extracted by the half mirror HM2 is a part of the light beam for finder, parallax does not occur between the finder system and the photometric system.

For example, when the front group L1 is a diverging system, if the front group L1 is separated from the half mirror HM2, the light flux incident on the half mirror HM2 becomes thick, but
With the configuration in which the half mirror HM2 is moved by zooming as described above, the light beam can be split at a position where the light beam width is always constant and has a minimum value. Therefore, the internal structure of the camera is made compact by downsizing the surface that splits the light flux,
Then, the camera can be downsized.

The photometric element SE does not observe the image plane. That is, as shown in FIG. 23, the light beam for photometry before image formation is received at the position I0 before the position corresponding to the primary image plane I1. As described above, if the light is not forcibly received on the image plane, the photometric element SE can be arranged with a certain degree of freedom. However, the metering method is limited to average metering, center-weighted average metering, and the like. That is, the photometric element S
In the photometric pattern shown in FIG. 24, E is the average photometric area corresponding to the average photometric area ABVAM that is almost equivalent to the film shooting area, or the circular spot photometric area ABVSP (φ = about 5 mm) at the center of the screen. Center-weighted average photometry will be performed. Note that in FIG. 24, AFA
Indicates an AF area.

<Light splitting type having photometric element above front group (FIG. 20)> The optical system of the camera shown in FIG. 20 is the same as the optical system shown in FIG.
1, Instead of arranging the photometric element SE above HM2,
A total reflection mirror AM4 for reflecting the light flux transmitted through the half mirror HM2 to the front is arranged, and further, a total reflection mirror A
The photometering element SE that receives the light flux reflected by M4 is attached to the front group L.
The optical system has the same configuration as that of the optical system shown in FIG. Further, the effect obtained by the zoom movement of the half mirror HM2 is also the same.

As described above, by disposing the photometric element SE above the front group L1 where it is easy to secure a space, it is possible to effectively utilize the space in front of the lens barrel and prevent the lens barrel from becoming larger in size. it can. Therefore, the camera can be miniaturized by the arrangement of the photometric element that enables effective use of this space. Further, since the light beam for photometry extracted by the half mirror HM2 is a part of the light beam for finder, parallax does not occur between the finder system and the photometric system.

<Optical Path Switching Type Having Photometric Element Above Half Mirror (FIG. 21)> The optical system of the camera shown in FIG. 21 can be flipped up instead of the half mirror HM1 in the optical system shown in FIG. Type total reflection mirror AM
The optical system is configured similarly to the optical system shown in FIG. Therefore, the operation and effect associated with this modification of the configuration are similar to those of the optical system shown in FIG.

<Optical Path Switching Type Having Photometric Element Above Front Group (FIG. 22)> The optical system of the camera shown in FIG. 22 is the same as the optical system shown in FIG.
The optical system has the same configuration as that of the optical system shown in FIG. 20, except that a flip-up movable total reflection mirror AM1 is used instead of the above. Therefore, the operation and effect associated with this modification of the configuration are similar to those of the optical system shown in FIG.

<< External Configuration and Internal Structure of Entire Camera >> FIG. 25 is a front view of a camera embodying the present invention. A lens barrel 32 is provided in the center front of the camera body 30, and a macro flash unit 35 that emits light when performing flash photography in macro photography is provided on the front surface of the lens barrel 32. The macro flash unit 35 is composed of a ring flash, but instead of this, for example, FIG.
The rectangular macro flash unit 35 as shown in 0
It may be provided on the upper front surface of the lens barrel 32. A pop-up type flash unit 34 that emits light during normal flash photography is provided on the upper left side of the camera body 30, and a release button 36 is provided on the upper right side of the camera body 30. 26 is an external side view of the camera shown in FIG. 25, and FIG. 27 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, showing (A) telephoto state, (B) wide state, and (C) retracted state, respectively.

This camera is a lens shutter type single-lens reflex camera, and is a cylindrical lens barrel 32 having a multi-stage extension structure.
This is a decentered lens barrel type camera in which the center of the photographing optical system is displaced from the center of the. The eccentric lens barrel has two optical axes, one for the photographic optical system and one for the finder optical system.
This is because they are provided in one lens barrel 32. The lens barrel structure of this camera will be described in detail later.

28 to 30 show the camera body 30a,
Lens barrels 32a and 32 having a one-stage extension configuration to 30b and 30c
It is a perspective view which shows typically the external appearance of the camera provided with b and 32c. The camera shown in FIG. 28 corresponds to the above-mentioned camera (see FIG.
5 to FIG. 27), which is an eccentric lens barrel type camera.
The camera shown in FIG. 29 is a head-on lens barrel type camera.
The camera shown in FIG. 30 is a rectangular lens barrel type camera.
In both types, since the optical axis for photographing and the optical axis for the finder optical system are provided in one lens barrel, the appearance of the lens barrels 32a, 32b, 32c is characteristic. Has become.

<< Lens barrel configuration of eccentric lens barrel type camera >> Next, the lens barrel configuration of the eccentric lens barrel type camera embodying the present invention will be described with reference to two embodiments. In the embodiments described below, an optical path switching type optical system including a flip-up movable total reflection mirror is used, but instead of this, a semi-transmissive light such as a pellicle mirror or a half mirror is used. Mirror; a light beam splitting type optical system provided with a light beam splitter such as a prism having a light semi-transmissive reflecting surface may be used. FIG. 31 shows the external shape of the total reflection mirror and the half mirror, and FIG. 32 shows the external shape of the prism.

<Condition of lens barrel in which each block is independent (see FIG. 33)
-FIG. 46)> FIG. 33 schematically shows the longitudinal sectional structure of a lens barrel in which each block is independent, and FIG. 34 shows the appearance of each element. This lens barrel is a lens shutter type single-lens reflex camera of the eccentric lens barrel type described above (FIGS. 25 to 27).
The lens barrel 32 is basically the same in structure as the lens barrel 32 having the multi-stage extension structure used in the above. The lens barrel includes a fixed barrel 47, a first rotary advance barrel 48, a first rectilinear barrel 49, and a second rotary forward barrel 5.
0, a second straight advancing cylinder 51, a third straight advancing cylinder 52 and a third rotating forward advancing cylinder 53, and a lens barrier unit (having a lens barrier (not shown) built therein) 5 in front of the third straight advancing cylinder 52.
4 are provided.

In the lens barrel, the first group lens blocks 41,
A group lens block 42, a mirror unit 45, a third group lens block 43 and a fourth group lens block 44 are provided. The first lens group 41 includes the first lens group 41.
a and a first group lens holding frame 41b. The second lens group block 42 includes a second lens group 42a, a second lens group holding frame 42b, and a focus unit 42c. The mirror unit 45 includes a flip-up movable total reflection mirror 45a and a mirror flip-up mechanism 45b for driving the total reflection mirror 45a to flip up. This mirror unit 45 includes a third group lens block 43 on the rear side.
Is fixed, and a first finder block 55, which will be described later, is fixed above. The third group lens block 43 is
The third lens group 43a, the third lens group holding frame 43b and the shutter unit 43c are provided. The fourth lens group block 44 includes a fourth lens group 44a and a fourth lens group holding frame 44.
An arm 44c with a cam follower for moving b and the fourth lens group is provided. Although the shutter unit 43c is arranged behind the third lens group 43a in this embodiment, the shutter unit 43c may be arranged between the total reflection mirror 45a and the third lens group 43a. In this case, the total reflection mirror 45a can be miniaturized by reducing the distance between the shutter also used as the aperture stop of the shutter unit 43c and the total reflection mirror 45a.

Further, as shown in FIG. 35, the first finder block 5 having a total reflection mirror 55a is provided in the lens barrel.
5, a second finder block 56, and a third finder block 57 having total reflection mirrors 57a and 57b.
(See FIG. 36) are provided. On the other hand, in the upper part inside the camera body 30, as shown in FIG.
A fourth finder block 58 having a and 58b is provided.

The optical system of this camera corresponds to the optical system of the "optical path switching type having a relay lens in the finder optical system" described above with reference to FIG. Also,
The taking optical system provided in the lens barrel is the second lens group 4
It is a positive / negative / positive / negative four-group zoom optical system of the type for performing focusing at 2a. And the positive first lens group 4
1a and the negative second lens group 42a constitute the front group L1, and the positive third lens group 43a and the negative fourth lens group 4 are included.
4a constitutes the image pickup system rear group L2.

Zooming of the photographing optical system is performed by zooming movements of the first group lens block 41, the second group lens block 42, the mirror unit 45, the third group lens block 43, and the fourth group lens block 44 along the optical axes AX and AX1. Be seen. On the other hand, for zooming of the finder optical system, the rear group block (not shown) of the finder system provided in the second finder block 56 has the optical axis AX2.
The zoom movement is performed along (in parallel with the optical axes AX and AX1). That is, the finder optical system is zoomed by the zoom movement of the finder system rear group L3 (FIG. 4) or a part of the lens held inside the finder system rear group block.

Focusing is performed by the focus unit 42c focusing driving the second lens group 42a in the second group lens block 42 located in front of the mirror unit 45. Since the focus drive is performed in the second group lens block 42 in this manner, the focus cam mechanism is omitted. Therefore, the lens barrel structure is simplified, and the cost and size of the camera are reduced.

A total reflection mirror 45a arranged between the second group lens block 42 and the third group lens block 43.
Switches the optical path of the light beam incident on the imaging optical system to either the optical path of the imaging light beam or the optical path of the finder light beam (reflected light beam) in the middle of the imaging optical system. The photographing light flux and the finder light flux obtained by this optical path switching are optically equivalent. Further, the light flux whose optical path is switched by the total reflection mirror 45a is the light flux after entering the photographing optical system.
(That is, the light flux after passing through the first and second lens groups 41a and 42a). Therefore, parallax does not occur between the photographing optical system and the viewfinder optical system. Further, since the optical path switching is performed in the middle of the photographing optical system, the back focus can be shortened. As a result, the internal structure of the camera can be made compact, and the camera can be made compact.

Further, since the light flux before the optical path is switched by the total reflection mirror 45a is used for the focusing,
If a diffuser plate is arranged on the focal plane as shown in FIGS. 40 and 41 described later, the focus state can be confirmed through the finder without moving the focus in the finder optical system. If the second lens group 42a is used as a camera shake correction optical system that is driven for camera shake correction, the light flux before the optical path is switched by the total reflection mirror 45a can be used for camera shake correction, and thus the viewfinder. It is possible to check the image stabilization effect through.

The total reflection mirror 45a is the mirror unit 4
Since it is a part of No. 5, it can be moved along the optical axes AX and AX1 of the photographing optical system. As described above, the zoom movement is performed along the optical axes AX and AX1 during zooming. Since the total reflection mirror 45a performs the zoom movement in this way, the zoom movement of the photographing optical system is not limited. on the other hand,
Focusing is performed by the focus unit 42c in the second group lens block 42 focusing driving the second lens group 42a as described above, so that the focus movement of the photographing optical system is not limited.

Further, focusing is not limited to the above-described focus movement of the second lens group 42a, but other focus methods such as internal focus, rear focus, and whole / front lens extension method may be adopted. . Since the total reflection mirror 45a is movable as described above, the optical path can be switched while moving the total reflection mirror 45a along the optical axes AX and AX1 so as not to hinder the focus movement of the photographing optical system. Because.

The shutter unit 43c incorporated in the third lens group block 43 has a shutter which also serves as an aperture. Since the mirror unit 45 provided near the front side of the shutter unit 43c zooms along with the shutter unit 43c along the optical axes AX and AX1 of the photographing optical system, the total reflection mirror 45a always zooms together with the diaphragm near the diaphragm. Will be done. Therefore, the optical path can be switched at a position where the light flux width is always constant and minimum. Therefore, the total reflection mirror 45a can be miniaturized by reducing the surface for switching the optical path, and thereby the camera can be miniaturized.

The inside of the finder blocks 55 to 58 serves as the optical path of the above-mentioned finder light beam. FIG.
3, the optical path of the finder light beam will be described with reference to FIGS. 42 to 46. First, as shown in FIG. 33, the light beam whose optical path is switched upward by reflection at the total reflection mirror 45a is
First finder block 5 as a light flux for the finder
It is reflected backward by the total reflection mirror 55a of No. 5. And
As shown in FIGS. 33 and 43, after passing through the second finder block 56, the light enters the third finder block 57.

A primary image is formed on the luminous flux incident side of the third finder block 57 at the primary image plane I1 position shown in FIGS. The finder light flux once imaged in this manner is reflected upward by the total reflection mirror 57a of the third finder block 57 and forward by the total reflection mirror 57b, as shown in FIGS. The finder light flux reflected forward passes through the relay lens LR as shown in FIG.
As shown in, the light is reflected to the left by the total reflection mirror 58a of the fourth finder block 58. Then, as shown in FIGS. 42 and 45, after re-imaging at the position of the secondary image plane I2, it is reflected backward by the total reflection mirror 58b and reaches the eyepiece lens LE.

As shown in FIG. 46, the second reflecting surface of the fourth finder block 58 is replaced with a half mirror 58bh.
And a photometric element SE on the rear side of the half mirror 58bh.
By arranging, the photometry may be performed with the light flux transmitted through the half mirror 58bh.

According to the combination method of the finder blocks 55 to 57 shown in FIGS. 33 and 35, the first and third finder blocks 55 and 57 can be moved so as to enter the second finder block 56, so that the finder blocks can be moved. It is possible to freely change the length of the optical path of the working light beam in accordance with expansion and contraction of the lens barrel. The combination of the finder blocks 55 to 57 is not limited to this as long as the length of the optical path can be changed while blocking the optical path. For example, as shown in FIG. 38, the finder blocks 55 to 55 in which a finder block located in the front enters into a finder block located in the rear.
57 may be combined. On the contrary, the rear viewfinder block may be combined with the front viewfinder block.
(See Figure 27).

The first finder block 55 is fixed to the mirror unit 45 as described above, and the third finder block 57 and the fourth finder block 58 are fixed to the camera body 30. Second
The finder block 56 is provided so as to interlock with the fourth group lens block 44, but the interlocking can be realized by using the arm 44c with a cam follower for moving the fourth group.

For example, the fourth group moving cam follower arm 44c may be fixed to the second finder block 56 so that the second finder block 56 can move integrally with the fourth group lens block 44. Also,
As shown in FIG. 39, the finder system rear lens group L3 (FIG. 4) or a finder system rear lens group block 80 in which a part of the lens is provided inside the second finder block 5
An arm 44c (or a fourth group lens holding frame 44b) with a cam follower for moving the fourth group is provided with a guide pin 80a provided on the side surface of the rear group block 80 of the finder system.
The rear group block 80 of the finder system may be moved along the slide groove 56a together with the fourth group lens block 44.

In this embodiment, the diffusion plate P1 (FIGS. 5 to 8 and 15 to 18) is provided in the finder optical system.
In the case of providing, the diffusing plate P1 may be arranged at the light incident side opening position of the third finder block 57. For example, when the finder blocks 55 to 57 are combined as shown in FIG. 35, it is desirable to dispose the diffusion plate P1a so as to close the light flux incident side opening of the third finder block 57 as shown in FIG. Also, as shown in FIG. 38, the viewfinder blocks 55-5
When combining seven, as shown in FIG.
It is desirable to dispose the diffusion plate P1b so as to be inserted in the light flux incident side opening of the finder block 57. In addition,
Since the projection 82 for accurately performing the positioning is formed on the side surface of the diffusion plate P1b, it is necessary to form a groove at a corresponding position on the light flux emission side of the second finder block 56.

A photometric element SE (FIG. 8 and the like) for performing photometry using the light from the diffusion plates P1a and P1b is provided, or photometry for obtaining dimming data using the light from the diffusion plates P1a and P1b. A light control element SL (FIG. 18 or the like) for performing the above may be provided. By using the light from the diffusion plates P1a and P1b, the degree of freedom in the arrangement of these elements SE and SL is high. Further, since the diffusion plates P1a and P1b do not move during zooming or focusing, there is also a merit in element arrangement in that respect.

Next, the first group lens block 41; the second group lens block 42; the mirror unit 45, the first finder block 55 and the third group lens block 43; and 4
The movement of the lens barrel required to execute zoom movement and collapsing of the group lens block 44 and the finder system rear group block 80 (the second finder block 56 may be used as described above) will be described. Note that the focus movement is performed within the second group lens block 42, and therefore a description thereof will be omitted.

The fixed barrel 47 is the camera body 30 (see FIGS.
27), and an opening (not shown) is formed on the peripheral surface thereof. First, a rotational driving force from the outside through this opening (a driving source such as a motor is not shown).
Is transmitted to the first rotation forward cylinder 48. As a result, the first rotation advancing cylinder 48 moves forward or backward while rotating. The first rotary advance cylinder 48 is integrally connected to the first straight advance cylinder 49 by a bayonet. Further, the fixed barrel 47 has a straight groove 47a.
Are formed. Therefore, by the movement of the first rotary forward barrel 48, the first straight forward barrel 49 moves straight along the optical axis AX together with the first rotary forward barrel 48 while being restricted in rotation.

As described above, the first rotation advancing cylinder 48 and the first
When the rectilinear barrel 49 moves forward or backward, the first rotation forward barrel 48
The second rotary advancing cylinder 50 moves forward or backward while rotating by the cam mechanism composed of the first straight advancing cylinder 49. At this time, the second rectilinear advance cylinder 51 advances straight along the rectilinear advance groove 49a formed in the first rectilinear advance cylinder 49 integrally with the second rotation advancing cylinder 50 coupled to the bayonet in the optical axis direction. At this time, the first finder block 55, which is spring-fixed to the second rectilinear barrel 51, moves. As described above, the first finder block 55 and the mirror unit 45 are fixed, and the mirror unit 45 and the third group lens block 4 are fixed.
Since 3 is fixed, the third group lens block 43,
Mirror unit 45 and first finder block 55
Will move integrally with the second rectilinear barrel 51.

As described above, the second rotating forward cylinder 50 and the second rotating forward cylinder 50
When the straight-moving cylinder 51 moves forward or backward, the second rotation forward-moving cylinder 50
The cam mechanism composed of the second straight-moving barrel 51 and the second straight-moving barrel 51 moves the third straight-moving barrel 52 straight. The straight movement of the third rectilinear barrel 52 moves the first group lens block 41 fixed to the third rectilinear barrel 52.

When the second rotary advancing cylinder 50 and the second straight advancing cylinder 51 move forward or backward as described above, the cam mechanism composed of the second rotary advancing cylinder 50 and the second straight advancing cylinder 51 causes
The fourth group lens block 44 is moved by the arm 44c with a cam follower for moving the fourth group. Then, the rear group block 80 (FIG. 39) of the finder system is replaced by the fourth group lens block 4
It moves forward or backward in conjunction with the movement of 4.

By the rectilinear movement of the third rectilinear cylinder 52, the third rotary advancing cylinder 53 is rotated to form the third bayonet-coupled third cylinder.
It moves forward or backward integrally with the straight-moving barrel 52. Then, the second group lens block 42 is moved by the cam mechanism including the third rectilinear barrel 52 and the third rotary barrel 53. In addition, the third
The lens barrier unit 54 provided on the front side of the rectilinear barrel 52 opens and closes the lens barrier in front of the first lens group 41a as the third rectilinear barrel 52 advances straight.

In the collapsing of the lens barrel (FIG. 33), the lens blocks 41, 42, 43, 4 of the first to fourth groups are arranged as described above.
4 and the mirror unit 45 are the camera body 30 (see FIG. 25).
Etc.), the first finder block 55 moves the third group lens block 43 and the mirror unit 45.
And the second finder block 56 moves to the camera body 30 side in conjunction with the fourth group lens block 44. Therefore, the first and second finder blocks 55 and 56 are used to make the first to fourth lens groups 41, 42, 43 and 44 and the mirror unit 45.
Movement is not restricted.

In this way, the lens blocks 4 to 1 to 4
1, 42, 43, 44; mirror unit 45 and first,
Camera body 3 of the second finder block 55, 56
Since the lens barrel can be retracted by moving it to the 0 side, when the camera is not used, the lens barrel can be retracted into the camera body 30 as shown in FIGS. 26 (C) and 27 (C). The camera can be further downsized. Therefore, the camera equipped with this lens barrel is very convenient to carry.

<Lens barrel structure having blocks in which the second and third groups are integrated (FIGS. 47 to 49)> FIG. 47 schematically shows a longitudinal sectional structure of a lens barrel having blocks in which the second and third groups are integrated. FIG. 48 shows the appearance of each element,
FIG. 49 shows the external appearance and internal structure of the 2-3 group lens block 62. This lens barrel is a lens shutter type single-lens reflex camera of the eccentric lens barrel type (see FIG. 2).
(5 to FIG. 27), it has basically the same structure as the lens barrel 32 of the multi-stage extending structure. The lens barrel includes a fixed barrel 64, a first rotation forward barrel 65, a first rectilinear barrel 66, and a second barrel.
The rotary forward cylinder 67, the second rectilinear cylinder 68, and the third rectilinear cylinder 69 are provided, and a lens barrier unit (including a lens barrier (not shown)) 70 is provided in front of the third rectilinear cylinder 69. .

In the lens barrel, the first group lens blocks 61 and 2 are provided.
-3 group lens block 62 and 4 group lens block 63
Is provided. The first group lens block 61 includes a first lens group 61a and a first group lens holding frame 61b. The 2-3 group lens block 62 includes the second lens group 62.
a, the third lens group 62b, the focus unit 62c,
Bounce-up movable total reflection mirror 62d, total reflection mirror 6
Mirror flip-up mechanism 62e that performs 2d flip-up drive,
The driving force from the shutter unit 62f, the total reflection mirror 62g, and the focus unit 62c is applied to the second lens group 62.
Gears 62h and 62i for transmitting to a and a finder portion 62j are provided. The fourth group lens block 63 includes a fourth lens group 63a, a fourth group lens holding frame 63b, a fourth group moving cam follower arm 63c, and a finder portion 63d.

Also, finder blocks 71 and 72 are provided in the lens barrel as shown in FIG. 47, while the same as the fourth finder block 58 (FIG. 37) is provided in the upper portion of the camera body 30. A finder block is provided. The finder block 72 has the same structure as the finder block 57,
Total reflection mirror 7 that reflects the finder light beam upwards
2a, and a total reflection mirror (not shown) that reflects the finder light flux forward. Therefore, in this embodiment, the diffusion plate P1 is provided in the finder optical system.
In the case of providing (FIGS. 5 to 8 and FIGS. 15 to 18), the diffusion plate P is used as in the above-mentioned “lens barrel structure in which each block is independent”
1 may be arranged at the light flux incident side opening position of the finder block 72 (see FIGS. 40 and 41).

The optical system of this camera corresponds to the optical system of the "optical path switching type having a relay lens in the finder optical system" described above with reference to FIG. Also,
The photographing optical system provided in the lens barrel is the second lens group 6
It is a positive / negative / positive / negative four-group zoom optical system of the type for performing focusing at 2a. Then, the positive first lens group 6
1a and the negative second lens group 62a constitute the front group L1, and the positive third lens group 62b and the negative fourth lens group 6 are included.
3a constitutes the imaging system rear group L2.

The zooming of the photographing optical system is performed by zooming the first group lens block 61, the second group lens block 62 and the fourth group lens block 63 along the optical axes AX and AX1 and driving the focus unit 62c. Second
The zoom movement of the lens group 62a is performed. That is, the focus unit 62c functions as a drive unit for the second lens group 62a that is used for both zooming and focusing.

On the other hand, zooming of the finder optical system is performed by the finder portion 63d forming a part of the fourth group lens block 63 performing zoom movement along the optical axis AX2. The same finder system rear group block (not shown) as the finder system rear group block 80 is fixed inside the finder portion 63d. Therefore, 4
By the zoom movement of the group lens block 63, the finder system rear group L3 (FIG. 4) or a part of the lens held inside the finder system rear group block performs the zoom movement. In this way, zooming of the finder optical system is performed.

Focusing is performed in the 2-3 group lens block 62 by the focus unit 62c located in front of the total reflection mirror 62d focusing driving the second lens group 62a. 2-3 like this
Since the focus drive is performed in the group lens block 62, the focus cam mechanism is omitted. Therefore, the lens barrel structure is simplified, and the size and cost of the camera can be reduced.

The second lens group 62a and the third lens group 62b
The total reflection mirror 62d arranged between the optical path of the light flux incident on the photographing optical system and the optical path of the light flux for photographing or the optical path of the light flux for finder (reflected luminous flux) in the middle of the photographing optical system. Switch to the optical path. The photographing light flux and the finder light flux obtained by this optical path switching are optically equivalent. Further, the light flux whose optical path is switched by the total reflection mirror 62d is the light flux after entering the photographing optical system (that is, the first and second light fluxes).
It is a light flux after passing through the second lens groups 62a and 62b. Therefore, parallax does not occur between the photographing optical system and the viewfinder optical system. Further, since the optical path switching is performed in the middle of the photographing optical system, the back focus can be shortened. As a result, the internal structure of the camera can be made compact, and the camera can be made compact.

Further, since the light flux before the optical path is switched by the total reflection mirror 62d is used for the focusing,
If a diffusion plate is arranged on the focal plane as shown in FIGS. 40 and 41, the focus state can be confirmed through the finder without moving the focus in the finder optical system. If the second lens group 62a is used as a camera shake correction optical system that is driven for camera shake correction, the light flux before the optical path is switched by the total reflection mirror 62d can be used for camera shake correction. It is possible to check the image stabilization effect through.

Since the total reflection mirror 62d is a part of the 2-3 group lens block 62, the optical axis AX of the photographing optical system,
It is movable along AX1 and, as described above, zoom movement is performed along the optical axes AX and AX1 during zooming. As described above, since the total reflection mirror 62d performs the zoom movement, the zoom movement of the photographing optical system is not limited. Focusing, on the other hand, requires 2-3 as described above.
Focus unit 62 in group lens block 62
Since c is performed by focus driving the second lens group 62a, the focus movement of the photographing optical system is not limited.

Further, focusing is not limited to the focus movement of the second lens group 62a described above, and other focus methods such as internal focus, rear focus, whole / front lens extension method may be adopted. . Since the total reflection mirror 62d is movable as described above, the optical path can be switched while moving the total reflection mirror 62d along the optical axes AX and AX1 so as not to hinder the focus movement of the photographing optical system. Because.

The shutter unit 62f incorporated in the second-third group lens block 62 has a shutter which also serves as an aperture. Since the shutter unit 62f and the total reflection mirror 62d provided near the front side of the shutter unit 62f are both part of the 2-3 group lens block 62, they are integrally zoomed along the optical axes AX and AX1 of the photographing optical system. To do. Therefore, the total reflection mirror 62d always performs zoom movement together with the diaphragm in the vicinity of the diaphragm. Therefore, the optical path can be switched at a position where the light flux width is always constant and minimum. Therefore, the total reflection mirror 62d is downsized by reducing the surface for switching the optical path,
As a result, the internal structure of the camera can be made compact and the camera can be made compact.

Further, due to the miniaturization of the total reflection mirror 62d, a space can be provided near the total reflection mirror 62d. In this lens barrel configuration, the total reflection mirror 62
The focus unit 62c is arranged near the front side of d, and the mirror flip-up mechanism 6 is arranged near the rear side of the total reflection mirror 62d.
By arranging 2e, the space is effectively used. By disposing such a drive system, the drive mechanism can be made compact. Further, since the drive source of the focus unit 62c and the drive source of the mirror flip-up mechanism can be shared, the drive mechanism can be made compact and the cost can be reduced.

The insides of the finder parts 62j and 63d and the finder blocks 71 and 72 serve as the optical paths of the above-mentioned finder light flux, and the eyepiece L
E (FIG. 42). As shown in FIG. 47, the light flux whose optical path has been switched upward by reflection at the total reflection mirror 62d is reflected backward by the total reflection mirror 62j of the finder section 62j as a finder light flux. Then, after passing through the finder portion 63d, the light enters the finder block 71. A primary image is formed at the primary image plane I1 position shown in FIG. 42 on the light flux incident side of the finder block 71. The light flux for the finder that is once focused in this way is
The light is reflected upward by the total reflection mirror 72a of the finder block 72, and thereafter reaches the eyepiece lens LE in the same manner as in the above-mentioned "lens barrel structure in which each block is independent".

The finder parts 62j and 63 shown in FIG.
According to the combination method of the d and the finder blocks 71 and 72, the finder block 62j and the finder block 71 can be moved to enter the finder block 63d, and the finder block 72 can be moved to enter the finder block 71. Since it is possible, the length of the optical path of the light flux for the finder can be freely changed according to the expansion and contraction of the lens barrel. These finder parts 62j and 63d, the finder block 71,
The combination of 72 is not limited to this as long as the length of the optical path can be changed while blocking the optical path.

Next, the movement of the lens barrel required to execute zoom movement and collapsing of the first group lens blocks 61, second and third group lens blocks 62 and the fourth group lens block 63 will be described. It should be noted that part of the focus movement and the zoom movement of the second lens group 62a is performed within the 2-3 group lens block 62, and a description thereof will be omitted.

The fixed barrel 64 is the camera body 30 (see FIGS.
27), and an opening (not shown) is formed on the peripheral surface thereof. First, a rotational driving force from the outside through this opening (a driving source such as a motor is not shown).
Is transmitted to the first rotation forward cylinder 65. As a result, the first rotation forward cylinder 65 rotates forward or backward. The first rotary advancing cylinder 65 is integrally connected to the first rectilinear advancing cylinder 66 by a bayonet. Further, the fixed barrel 64 has a straight groove 64a.
Are formed. Therefore, by the movement of the first rotation advancing cylinder 65, the first rectilinear advancing cylinder 66 moves straight along the optical axis AX together with the first rotation advancing cylinder 65 while being restricted in rotation.

As described above, the first rotary forward cylinder 65 and the first rotary forward cylinder 65
When the straight-moving barrel 66 moves forward or backward, the first rotation forward-moving barrel 65
The second rotary advancing cylinder 67 moves forward or backward while rotating by the cam mechanism including the first linear advancing cylinder 66. At this time, the second rectilinear barrel 68 advances straight along the rectilinear groove 66a formed in the first rectilinear barrel 66 integrally with the second rotation advancing barrel 67, which is bayonet-connected, in the optical axis direction. At this time, the 2-3 group lens block 62, which is spring-fixed to the second rectilinear barrel 68, moves.

As described above, the second rotation forward cylinder 67 and the second rotation forward cylinder 67
When the straight-moving barrel 68 moves forward or backward, the second rotation forward-moving barrel 67
The cam mechanism composed of the second straight-moving barrel 68 and the third straight-moving barrel 69 moves straight. The straight movement of the third rectilinear barrel 69 moves the first group lens block 61 fixed to the third rectilinear barrel 69. Further, when the second rotary forward cylinder 67 and the second rectilinear cylinder 68 move forward or backward as described above, the cam mechanism including the second rotary forward cylinder 67 and the second rectilinear cylinder 68 provides a four-group moving cam follower. 4 with arm 63c
The group lens block 63 moves. Further, a lens barrier unit 70 provided on the front side of the third rectilinear barrel 69.
However, as the third rectilinear barrel 69 advances straight, the first lens group 61a
Open and close the lens barrier in front of.

When the lens barrel (FIG. 47) is retracted, the first group lens block 61 and the total reflection mirror 62 are arranged as described above.
The second-third group lens block 62 including the d and the fourth-group lens block 63 move toward the camera body 30 (FIG. 25, etc.), but the finder portion 62j forms a part of the second-third group lens block 62. Since the finder portion 63d forms a part of the fourth group lens block 63, each of them moves to the camera body 30 side together with the lens blocks 62 and 63. Further, as described above, the finder portion 62j and the finder block 71 can be moved so as to enter the finder portion 63d,
Further, the finder block 71 is inserted so that the finder block 72 can enter the finder block 71.
Is movable. Therefore, the finder section 62j,
The movement of each lens block 61, 62, 63 is not restricted by 63d or the finder blocks 71, 72.

In this way, each lens block 61, 6
2C and finder blocks 71 and 72 are moved to the camera body 30 side, the lens barrel can be retracted.
The camera can be further miniaturized by retracting the lens barrel into the camera body 30 as shown in FIG. 7 (C). Therefore, the camera equipped with this lens barrel is very convenient to carry.

<< Camera Structure of Came-out Lens Camera (Fig. 8
1) >> Next, a lens barrel structure of a heading lens barrel type camera embodying the present invention will be described. In the embodiment described below, a light beam splitting type optical system provided with a half prism (FIG. 32) having a light semi-transmissive reflecting surface is used. Instead of this, a pellicle mirror, A light beam splitting type optical system including a light beam splitter such as a half mirror may be used. Further, an optical path switching type optical system including the above-mentioned flip-up movable total reflection mirror may be used.

FIG. 81 schematically shows the vertical cross-sectional structure of the lens barrel 32b of the above-mentioned one-stage feed-out configuration head barrel type camera (FIG. 29). The lens barrel includes a fixed barrel 141, a rotary barrel 142, a straight forward barrel 143, a rotary forward barrel 144, and a non-rotating optical system holding barrel 145. A lens barrier unit (not shown) having a built-in lens barrier is provided on the front side of the straight forward cylinder 143.

Since the lens barrel 32b has a structure in which the finder system and the photographing system are separately fed, the finder light beam extracted by the half prism 147c described later is not blocked by the lens barrel. It is necessary to secure an optical path. Therefore, the straight forward cylinder 143 has a hole 143h formed in a portion through which the finder light beam passes.
A hole 145h is formed in a portion of the optical system holding barrel 145 through which the finder light flux passes, and the rotary advance barrel 144 that rotates in the lens barrel 32b is entirely made of a transparent barrel.

Rotating advancing cylinder 1 that rotates during zooming
If a large hole (or notch) is formed in 44 for passing the finder light beam, the finder light beam can be taken out from the middle of the photographing optical system, but if a large hole is formed in the rotating lens barrel, the strength of the lens barrel will be increased. Becomes weak. If the rotary advancing barrel 144 that is entirely transparent as described above is used, it is not necessary to form a large hole, so that it is possible to avoid a decrease in the strength of the lens barrel, and the finder light beam passes through the rotary advancing barrel 144. Therefore, it is possible to secure the optical path of the light flux for the finder taken out in the middle of the photographing optical system.

Inside the lens barrel 32b, a 1-4 group lens block 146 and a 2-3 group lens block 147 are provided, and the second and third groups are integrated, and the first and fourth groups are integrated. It has been configured. 1-4 group lens block 1
Reference numeral 46 denotes a first lens group 146a and a fourth lens group 146.
b. The 2-3 group lens block 147 includes a second lens group 147a, a second group lens holding frame 147b, a half prism 147c having a light semitransmissive reflecting surface, a shutter unit 147d, and a third lens group 147e. Further, although not shown, the 2-3 group lens block 147 is a gear that transmits a focus unit including a focus motor and the like, and a driving force from the focus unit to the second lens group 147a via the second group lens holding frame 147b. And so on.

Further, in the lens barrel 32b, the straight advance barrel 14
Finder part 143a forming a part of 3 and the fixed cylinder 14
1 and a finder portion 141a forming a part of 1. A total reflection mirror 143b that reflects the finder light beam extracted by the light beam splitting by the half prism 147c backward is provided in the straight forward cylinder 143. On the other hand, the same finder block (not shown) as the third finder block 57 (FIG. 36) and the fourth finder block 58 (FIG. 37) is provided in the camera body 30b.

The optical system of this camera corresponds to the optical system of the "beam splitting type having a relay lens in the finder optical system" described above with reference to FIG. 2 (however,
Half prism 147c instead of the half mirror HM1
Is used. ). The photographing optical system provided in the lens barrel 32b is a positive / negative / positive / negative four-group zoom optical system of a type in which focusing is performed by the second lens group 147a. The positive first lens group 146a and the negative second lens group 147a constitute the front group L1, and the positive third lens group 147e and the negative fourth lens group 146b constitute the photographing system rear group L2. Are configured.

The zooming of the photographing optical system is performed by the zoom movement of the first-fourth lens group block 146 and the second-third lens group block 147 along the optical axes AX and AX1 and the driving using a focus unit (not shown). Two lens group 147
and a zoom movement of a. That is, in zooming, the first lens group 146a and the fourth lens group 1
The focus unit functions as a drive unit for the second lens group 147a, which is used for both zooming and focusing, while being linked with 46b to perform zoom movement.

On the other hand, zooming of the finder optical system is performed by the finder portion 143a of the straight forward cylinder 143 performing zoom movement along the optical axis AX2. That is, the finder system rear group block (not shown) which is the same as the finder system rear group block 80 is provided inside the finder unit 143a. The finder system rear group L3 (FIG. 2) or a part of the lens held inside the
The zoom movement is performed integrally with or in conjunction with the zoom lens 43, so that the finder optical system is zoomed.

Focusing is performed by the focus unit (not shown) focusing driving the second lens group 147a in the 2-3 group lens block 147. Since focus driving is performed in the second-third group lens block 147 in this manner, the focusing cam mechanism is omitted. Therefore, the lens barrel structure is simplified, and the size and cost of the camera can be reduced.

The half prism 14 arranged between the second lens group 147a and the shutter unit 147d.
The light beam 7c splits the light beam incident on the photographing optical system into a photographing light beam and a finder light beam (reflected light beam) in the middle of the photographing optical system. The photographing light flux and the finder light flux obtained by this light flux division are optically equivalent. The light beam split by the half prism 147c is a light beam after entering the photographing optical system (that is, the first and second lens groups 146).
a, the light flux after passing through 147a). Therefore, parallax does not occur between the photographing optical system and the viewfinder optical system. Further, since the light beam division is performed in the middle of the photographing optical system, the back focus can be shortened. As a result, the internal structure of the camera can be made compact, and the camera can be made compact.

Further, since the light beam before being divided by the half prism 147c is used for the focusing, if the diffuser plates P1a and P1b are arranged on the focal plane as shown in FIGS. The focus state can be confirmed through the viewfinder without moving the focus in the system. If the second lens group 147a is used as a camera shake correction optical system that is driven for camera shake correction, the light beam before being split by the half prism 147c can be used for camera shake correction, so that the light is transmitted through the viewfinder. It is possible to check the image stabilization effect.

Since the half prism 147c is a part of the second-third group lens block 147, it can be moved along the optical axes AX and AX1 of the photographing optical system. As described above, the optical axes AX and AX1 during zooming. Move along the zoom. Since the half prism 147c performs the zoom movement in this way, the zoom movement of the photographing optical system is not limited. On the other hand, since focusing is performed by the focus unit driving the second lens group 147a in the 2-3 group lens block 147 as described above, the focus movement of the photographing optical system is not limited. .

Further, focusing is not limited to the focus movement of the second lens group 147a described above, but other focus methods such as internal focus, rear focus, and whole / front lens extension method may be adopted. . Since the half prism 147c is movable as described above, it is possible to perform the light beam division while moving the half prism 147c along the optical axes AX and AX1 so as not to hinder the focus movement of the photographing optical system. is there.

The shutter unit 147d incorporated in the second-third group lens block 147 has a shutter which also serves as an aperture. Shutter unit 147d
Since the half prism 147c and the half prism 147c provided immediately before it are part of the second-third group lens block 147, they are integrally zoomed along the optical axes AX and AX1 of the photographing optical system. Therefore, the half prism 147c always performs zoom movement together with the diaphragm in the vicinity of the diaphragm. Therefore, it is possible to split the light flux at a position where the light flux width is always constant and has a minimum. Therefore, the size of the half prism 147c can be reduced by reducing the surface that divides the light flux, and thus the internal configuration of the camera can be made compact and the camera can be made compact.

Further, due to the miniaturization of the half prism 147c, a space can be provided near the half prism 147c. In order to effectively use this space, it is desirable to dispose a focus unit near the front side of the half prism 147c. By disposing the drive system such as the focus unit in the vicinity of the front side of the half prism 147c, the drive mechanism can be made compact. When an optical path switching device such as a total reflection mirror is used in this lens barrel structure, the drive source of the focus unit and the drive source of the mirror flip-up mechanism can be shared, so that the drive mechanism can be made compact. -Cost can be reduced.

The inside of the finder sections 143a and 141a serves as the optical path of the above-mentioned finder light beam, and reaches the eyepiece lens LE (FIG. 42) through the following path. As shown in FIG. 81, the light beam split upward by reflection on the half prism 147c is reflected backward by the total reflection mirror 143b of the finder unit 143a as a finder light beam. And the finder parts 143a and 141
After passing a, the finder block 57 (see FIG.
It is incident on 6). A primary image is formed at the primary image plane I1 position shown in FIG. 42 on the light flux incident side of the finder block 57. The finder light flux once imaged in this way is reflected by the total reflection mirror 57a of the finder block 57.
Then, the light reaches the eyepiece lens LE in the same manner as the above-mentioned "lens barrel structure in which each block is independent".

Next, the movement of the lens barrel required to execute zoom movement and collapsing of the first-fourth lens group block 146 and the second-third lens group block 147 will be described. It should be noted that part of the focus movement and the zoom movement of the second lens group 147a is performed within the 2-3 group lens block 147, and therefore description thereof will be omitted.

The fixed barrel 141 is attached to the camera body 30b, and the rotary barrel 142 is provided inside thereof. First, a rotational driving force (a driving source such as a motor is not shown) from the outside is applied to the rotary cylinder 1 by the gear 148.
42, the rotary cylinder 142 is fixed in position in the optical axis direction.
It rotates in the state (that is, it does not move back and forth). When the rotary barrel 142 rotates, the cam mechanism composed of the fixed barrel 141 and the rotary barrel 142 causes the rotary forward barrel 144 to move forward or backward while rotating. Due to the forward or backward movement of the rotary forward barrel 144, the first-fourth group lens block 146 fixed to the rotary forward barrel 144 moves.

When the rotary forward cylinder 144 moves forward or backward as described above, the straight forward cylinder 143, which is bayonet-connected to the rotary forward cylinder 144, rotates forward along the straight groove 141h formed in the fixed cylinder 141. The cylinder 144 moves straight forward or backward integrally with the tube 144 in the optical axis direction, while the rotation forward tube 14
The optical system holding cylinder 145 moves straight forward or rearward by the cam mechanism composed of 4 and the straight advance cylinder 143. As the optical system holding barrel 145 moves straight forward or backward, the 2-3 group lens block 147 fixed to the optical system holding barrel 145 moves. Further, a lens barrier unit (not shown) provided on the front side of the straight forward cylinder 143 opens and closes the lens barrier in front of the first lens group 146a as the straight forward cylinder 143 advances straight.

<< Finder Configuration (FIGS. 50 to 52) >> Next, the viewfinder configuration of the camera embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
One embodiment will be described as an example. In the camera shown in FIG. 50, the photographing system includes, in order from the subject side, a first lens group 91, a second lens group 92, a mirror (for example, a flip-up movable total reflection mirror, a half mirror, etc.) 95, and a shutter unit 96. , Third lens group 93 and fourth lens group 9
4 to form a subject image on the film surface N1.
The finder system includes the first lens group 91, which is also used for the photographing system.
Second lens group 92 and mirror 95; total reflection mirror 9
7, a total reflection mirror 98, a total reflection mirror 99, and an eyepiece lens LE, and a primary image plane I1 exists in front of the total reflection mirror 98.

The finder light flux reflected upward by the mirror 95 is reflected backward by the total reflection mirror 97 and rightward by the total reflection mirror 98, and then the total reflection mirror 9 is reflected.
The light is reflected backward at 9 and reaches the eyepiece lens LE. Since the reversing optical system and the relay lens are not used, the configuration is simple and advantageous for downsizing the camera.

The camera shown in FIG. 51 is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 50 only in the structure after the primary image plane I1 of the finder system. That is, the finder light flux is once focused at the position of the primary image plane I1, then reflected upward by the total reflection mirror 101 and forward by the total reflection mirror 102. Then, after being reflected to the right by the total reflection mirror 103, it is vertically inverted by the roof mirror 104, and the eyepiece lens LE
Leads to. In this case, the optical path of the finder light flux is longer than that of the finder system shown in FIG.
An eyepiece lens LE with a long focal length is required. Further, since it does not have a relay lens, the roof mirror 104 for inverting the top and bottom of the finder image is used.

The camera shown in FIG. 52 is different from that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 51 only in the structure after the total reflection mirror 101 of the finder system. That is, the viewfinder light beam is reflected upward by the total reflection mirror 101, and then the roof mirror 1
The image is horizontally reversed at 05 and passes through the first relay lens 106. Then, the light is reflected to the right by the total reflection mirror 107,
Further, after passing through the second relay lens 108, the light is reflected backward by the total reflection mirror 109, re-imaged at the position of the secondary image plane I2, and then reaches the eyepiece lens LE. Since it has the first and second relay lenses, the roof mirror 105 for reversing the left and right of the finder image is used.

<< Camera shake correction unit (FIGS. 53 to 55) >>
Next, a camera shake correction unit suitable for a camera embodying the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 53 to 55. FIG. 53 is a perspective view showing the external appearance of the camera shake correction unit.
FIG. 55 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state where the camera shake correction unit is mounted in the lens barrel, and FIG. 55 is a front view showing a state where the camera shake correction unit is mounted in the lens barrel.

As shown in FIG. 53, the moving block 120
An X-direction actuator 122 and a Y-direction actuator 124 are attached to the. The X direction and the Y direction are directions orthogonal to each other in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis AX. As shown in FIGS. 54 and 55, the moving block 120 includes a camera shake correction optical system CL that also serves as a focus optical system and the camera shake correction optical system CL.
And a ball frame 131 for holding. Ball frame 131
The X-direction actuator 1 fixed to the underframe 132.
22 and a Y-direction actuator 124 are attached. The underframe 132 is attached to the Z-direction actuator 126 fixed to the lens barrel 133.

The camera shake correction is performed by decentering the camera shake correction optical system CL parallel to the X and Y directions (that is, moving it in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis AX). Due to the parallel eccentricity of the camera shake correction optical system CL, the X-direction actuator 122 drives the lens frame 131 along the X-direction, and Y
This is performed by the directional actuator 123 driving the lens frame 131 along the Y direction. On the other hand, focusing is performed by the Z-direction actuator 126 moving the underframe 132 along the optical axis AX (that is, the Z direction).

In the above-mentioned camera shake correction unit that shares the camera shake correction optical system CL for focusing, three actuators 122, 124 and 126 are integrated in one place. Therefore, if this is used, the structure inside the lens barrel becomes simple and compact, and the camera can be miniaturized.

For example, if the camera shake correction unit is applied to the above-described second group lens block 42 (FIG. 33) or 2-3 group lens block 62 (FIG. 47), the size of the camera can be reduced as described above. Not only is it possible to achieve both focusing and image stabilization functions. Further, since the second lens groups 42a and 62a used as the camera shake correction optical system CL are provided closer to the subject side than the flip-up movable total reflection mirrors 45a and 62d, the light flux after camera shake correction is in the optical path. Will be switched. Therefore, the camera shake correction effect can be confirmed through the viewfinder. For example, by continuing the camera shake correction after the auto focus, it is possible to shift to the release operation while confirming the camera shake correction effect. The same effect is obtained in a light beam splitting type camera that uses a half mirror or the like, and further, the effect that the camera shake correction effect can be confirmed with the finder even during film exposure is also obtained.

The camera shake correction unit performs the above-mentioned camera shake correction based on the data obtained by the camera shake sensor. As the camera shake sensor, a mechanical sensor (for example, an angular velocity sensor) that detects camera shake by a mechanical detection method and an optical sensor (for example, a CCD sensor) that detects camera shake by an optical detection method are known. ing.

The mechanical sensor can be used with cameras having any optical configuration to detect the actual camera shake. Therefore, the dynamic sensor can be used for both the optical path switching type camera and the light beam splitting type camera described above. On the other hand, the optical sensor may be limited in its arrangement by the optical configuration. For example, if an optical sensor is placed in the viewfinder system of a light path switching type camera, the light path will switch from the light path for the finder light beam to the light path for the shooting light beam due to the mirror up during release, so the hand during film exposure. The blur detection will be interrupted. Therefore, when an optical sensor is used in an optical path switching type camera, the optical sensor is arranged in front of the optical path switching device, or an optical system dedicated to camera shake detection is provided separately from the photographing system and the finder system. Is desirable.

<< Camera Control Configuration (FIGS. 56 and 57) >> Next, the control configuration of the camera embodying the present invention will be described with reference to the block diagrams of FIGS. 56 and 57. FIG. 56 shows a control configuration of a light beam splitting type camera, and FIG. 57 shows a control configuration of an optical path switching type camera. The optical path switching type control configuration includes a mirror control unit 17, a mirror up switch SPU, and a mirror down switch SPD.
Is added to the control configuration of the optical path switching type, so the elements configuring each type will be described collectively below.

The microcomputer μC1 is a microcomputer that controls the entire camera. The display unit 1 is a display circuit that displays a warning, and includes an LED or an LCD. The photometric unit 2 is a photometric circuit that measures the brightness of a subject based on the output from a photometric element (for example, corresponding to the photometric element SE in FIGS. 5 to 8) made of SPC (silicon photocell). .. Here, the photometric element is assumed to be arranged in the finder system (FIGS. 5 to 8). Furthermore, the photometric element for stationary light is also used as the light control element. As a result, the range of light that can be measured in a dark area is widened, and a larger amount of light can be received by, for example, an integral CCD sensor for focus state detection and camera shake detection. The exposure control unit 3 is a circuit that controls exposure. The zoom flash control unit 4 is a circuit that changes the irradiation angle of the flash (corresponding to the flash unit 34 and the macro flash unit 35 in FIG. 25) according to the focal length of the optical system. The flash light emission control unit 5 is a circuit that controls the light emission of the flash and the amount of light emission, and FIG.
Will be described later.

The zoom drive section 6 is a circuit for changing the focal length by performing zoom movement of the optical system by the motor M1. The zoom encoder 7 is an encoder that detects the focal length of the photographing optical system and the retracted position of the lens barrel. The focus detection unit 8 includes a focus state detection element (for example, FIGS. 9 to 12).
It corresponds to the inside focus state detection element SF. 2) is a focus detection circuit that performs focus detection by a phase difference detection method (or a contrast detection method). The focus drive unit 9 is a circuit that drives a focus lens (corresponding to the second lens group 42a in FIG. 33 and the second lens group 62a in FIG. 47) by the motor M2. The focus lens position encoder 10 is a circuit that detects the amount of extension of the focus lens from the infinite position. The winding control unit 11 is a control circuit that winds one frame of film by the motor M3.

The microcomputer μC2 is a microcomputer for controlling camera shake detection and camera shake correction. The camera shake sensor 12 is a sensor that outputs data for camera shake correction. This camera shake sensor 12 is a CCD sensor composed of an integral area CCD in a light beam splitting type camera (FIG. 56), and an optical path switching type camera (FIG. 5).
In 7), it is an angular velocity sensor. The X-direction drive unit 13
The motor shake correction optical system CL in the X direction by the motor M4 (Fig. 5
4 and FIG. 55) (corresponding to the X-direction actuator 122 in FIGS. 53 to 55).
The Y-direction drive unit 14 is a drive control circuit that drives the camera shake correction optical system CL (FIGS. 54 and 55) in the Y direction by the motor M5 (the Y-direction actuator 12 in FIGS. 53 to 55).
Equivalent to 4. ).

In the light beam splitting type camera (FIG. 56), the focus detecting integral CCD used for the focus state detecting element may also be used as the camera shake sensor 12. However, in that case, it is necessary to use an area sensor or a cross sensor. In this way, if the sensor for focus state detection is also used as the camera shake sensor, not only can cost reduction be achieved, but also the light quantity reduction due to splitting and extracting the light beams for focus state detection and camera shake detection Since the influence is small, the integration time is short and the response is good.
Therefore, the effect that both the AF accuracy and the blur correction accuracy are improved can be obtained.

The switch S1 is a switch which is turned on when the release button 36 (FIG. 25) is depressed by the first stroke.
The switch S2 is a switch that is turned on when the release button 36 (FIG. 25) is depressed by the second stroke (deeper than the first stroke). The switch SMD is for shooting mode (that is,
This is a switch for setting / changing the macro shooting mode and the zoom mode between exposures, and the control of this shooting mode will be described later (FIG. 77). The main switch SM is a status switch, and the camera becomes operable by turning on the main switch SM.

The switch SZW is a zoom switch for zooming to the wide side, and the switch SZT is a zoom switch for zooming to the tele side.
The SPR is a switch that is turned on at the retracted position when the mirror for splitting the light beam or switching the optical path is in the retracted state.
{FIG. 27 (C)}. The switch SFL is a switch for setting a flash emission mode, and the switch SRE is a switch for setting a red-eye mode for preventing red-eye generation in flash photography.

The mirror control unit 17 is a control circuit for switching the optical path by moving the mirror up from the observation position to the photographing position and down from the photographing position to the observation position. It should be noted that the film winding may be carried out by the film winding control unit 11 together with the film winding. The mirror up switch SPU is a switch for starting the mirror up for switching the optical path, and is a mirror down switch SP.
D is a switch for starting the mirror down for switching the optical path.

<Flash Emission Control Circuit (FIG. 58)> Next, the circuit configuration of the flash emission control unit 5 used in the camera (FIGS. 56 and 57) will be described with reference to FIG. 58. The light receiving element 150 is a photometric element composed of an SPC that is used for both constant light photometry and light adjustment for flash emission control, which are arranged in the finder system as described above. In the stationary light photometry, for example, the light corresponding to the spot photometry area ABVSP (FIG. 24) is used for the photometry. In photometry for flash light control, the light receiving element 150 in the light beam splitting type camera (FIG. 56) receives light from the subject during film exposure, but the light receiving element 150 in the optical path switching type camera (FIG. 57) does. It receives light from a subject obtained by pre-emission before film exposure.

The AMP1 is an operational amplifier that outputs a compressed voltage according to the light received by the light receiving element 150. D1
Is a compression diode. The BUF is a buffer that outputs a compressed voltage to the A / D conversion circuit A / D1. A /
D1 is an A / D that converts the compressed voltage from the buffer BUF into A / D and outputs the constant light photometric data to the microcomputer μC1.
It is a D conversion circuit. Tr1 is a transistor that converts the compressed voltage into an expanded current and stores it in the capacitor C1. C1 is a capacitor that stores the stretched current. SW1 is a storage control switch that is turned off in response to flash light emission and is turned on when the light emission is completed. The A / D 2 is an A / D conversion circuit that latches the voltage accumulated in the capacitor C 1, performs A / D conversion, and outputs photometric data for flash light control to the microcomputer μC 1. In COMP, a signal corresponding to the irradiation light is input to one input, and a set voltage V _ref corresponding to the exposure amount that is the proper exposure is input to the other input, and a signal voltage corresponding to the irradiation light is V.
When the above _re f "H", becomes lower than the V _re f a comparator becomes "L".

Xe1 is a xenon tube built in the flash section 34 (FIG. 25), and Xe2 is a xenon tube built in the macro flash section 35 (FIG. 25).
The AND1 is an AND circuit to which the output of the comparator COMP is input to one side and the signal corresponding to the light emission signal is input to the other side. At this time, the signal according to the light emission is the waveform shaping circuit 154.
Then, it becomes a pulse signal and is supplied to the AND circuit AND1. This pulse width is several milliseconds. SW4 is a switch that is turned on when the xenon tube Xe1 is used.
Reference numeral 5 is a switch that is turned on when the xenon tube Xe2 is used. These switches SW4 and SW5 are turned on / off by the switching signal from the microcomputer μC1.
Controlled. IN1 is an inverter that inverts the switching signal and adds it to the switch SW5. The output of the AND circuit AND1 is connected to the transistor Tr2 through the switch SW4 and to the transistor Tr3 through the switch SW5, and controls the emission / stop of each flash. As a result, even the lens shutter camera can control the light amount of the flash during film exposure. Further, the light emission signal is transmitted through the respective trigger circuits 151 and 152 to the xenon tubes Xe1 and Xe.
2 is made to emit light. E is a power supply battery, which boosts this voltage through the booster circuit 153, accumulates a large amount of energy in the capacitor CM through the rectifier diode D2, and provides the flash light.

<< Camera Control Operation (FIGS. 59 to 79) >> Next, referring to the flowcharts of FIGS. 59 to 79, the above-described light beam splitting type camera (FIG. 56) and optical path switching type camera (FIG. 57). ) Will be described. The photographic optical system used has a focal length of 35 mm to 200 mm and F3.5 to F9.
And the flags used for operation control are as follows. The flag EAF is a flag that becomes “1” when the irradiation angle of the flash (that is, the irradiation angle of the flash unit 34 in FIG. 25) becomes the irradiation angle corresponding to the focal length of 100 mm or more of the photographing optical system. The flag AFEF is a flag that becomes “1” when focusing. The flag LLF is a flag that becomes "1" at low brightness and enters the flash emission mode. The flag warning F is a flag that becomes “1” when a warning is given.

<SMON interrupt (FIG. 59)> An interrupt occurs in response to the switching of the main switch SM from OFF to ON, and the SMON interrupt routine shown in FIG. 59 is executed. First, the retracted state of the lens barrel {that is, FIG.
6 (C), the collapsed state shown in FIG. 27 (C)} to the wide state {FIG. 26 (B), FIG. 27 (B), the shortest focal length is 35 mm in zooming. } To the subroutine (FIG. 61) for extending the lens barrel (#
5).

Next, in step # 10, the release button 36
By pushing down (FIG. 25), it is determined whether or not the switch S1 is turned on. If it is turned on, the S1ON control subroutine (FIG. 63) is executed (# 25), and the fourth communication (FIG. 78, FIG. 79) that outputs a signal for ending camera shake detection to the microcomputer μC2 for camera shake control (# 30), and the process returns to step # 10. If the switch S1 is OFF,
It is determined whether any one of the zoom switches SZW and SZT has been operated (# 15). If so, the zoom control subroutine (FIG. 69) is executed (# 35), and the process returns to step # 10. When neither of the zoom switches SZW and SZT has been operated, it is determined whether or not the switch SMD for setting / changing the shooting mode has been operated (# 2).
0). If there is an operation for changing the shooting mode, the shooting mode subroutine (FIG. 77) is executed (# 40), and step # 10 is executed.
Return to If there is no operation for changing the shooting mode, the process directly returns to step # 10. The control of various subroutines will be described later.

<SMOFF Interrupt (FIG. 60)> An interrupt occurs in response to the switching of the main switch SM from ON to OFF, and the SMOFF interrupt routine shown in FIG. 60 is executed. First, the micro-computer for camera shake control μ2
Communication that outputs a signal to terminate camera shake detection
(FIG. 78, FIG. 79) is performed (# 60), the control subroutine (FIG. 62) for retracting the lens barrel from the normal zoom state to the wide state and then to the retracted state is executed (# 65), and the operation is stopped.

<Collapse-> Wide SUB (FIG. 61)> A subroutine (step # 5 in FIG. 59) for extending the lens barrel from the retracted state to the wide state will be described with reference to FIG. This sequence control is a type that controls the zoom drive unit 6 that drives each unit with one motor M1 so that the lens barrier, each lens system, and the mirror for splitting the light flux or switching the optical path move to a predetermined shooting position. Control.

First, the motor M is driven by the zoom drive unit 6.
The normal rotation drive of 1 is performed (# 80). By this zoom drive and the detection of the focal length state and the like by the zoom encoder 7, the lens barrel is driven to the wide state {FIG. 26 (B), FIG. 27 (B)}. That is, as described above, the lens barrier is built in the lens barrier unit 54 (FIG. 33) or the lens barrier unit 70 (FIG. 47). ) Is opened, the mirror for splitting the light beam or switching the optical path is driven to a position where the photographer can observe, and the photographing optical system is extended to a position showing a focal length of 35 mm. When the wide angle state is detected by the zoom encoder 7 in the determination of step # 85, the motor M1
Stop (# 90) and clear the flag EAF to make the flash irradiation angle correspond to a focal length of less than 100 mm.
(EAF = 0, # 95), and returns.

<Collapsing SUB (FIG. 62)> The collapsing subroutine (step # 65 in FIG. 60) will be described with reference to FIG. Contrary to the above-described extension of the lens barrel from the collapsed state to the wide state (FIG. 61), the motor M1 is driven in reverse to retract the lens barrel (# 100). By this zoom drive and detection of the focal length state and the like by the zoom encoder 7, the lens barrel is in a retracted state (FIGS. 26C and 27).
(C)} is driven. That is, as described above, the lens barrier is closed, the mirror for splitting the light flux or for switching the optical path is retracted, and the photographing optical system is retracted to the retracted position.
When the switch SPR detects that the collapsing operation is completed and is in the collapsible state in the determination of step # 105 (# 10
5) Stop the motor (# 110) and return.

<S1ONSUB (FIG. 63) ... # 150 {Reset SUB (FIG. 64)}> Based on FIG.
The subroutine (step # 25 in FIG. 59) will be described.
First, a reset subroutine that resets flags etc.
(FIG. 64) is executed (# 150). In the reset subroutine shown in FIG. 64, the flag AFEF indicating whether or not the in-focus state, the flag LLF indicating whether or not the brightness is low, and the flag warning F indicating whether or not to warn are all reset and the process returns (# 120, # 125, # 130).

<S1ONSUB (FIG. 63) ... # 155- #
170> Returning to FIG. 63, the camera shake control microcomputer μC2
The first communication for outputting a signal for starting the camera shake detection is performed (# 155). After instructing the start of camera shake detection in step # 155, in step # 160 the AF subroutine (see FIG.
5) is executed, the photometry subroutine (FIG. 66) is executed in step # 165, the exposure calculation subroutine (FIG. 67) is executed in step # 170, and the process proceeds to step # 175.

<AFSUB (FIG. 65) ... # 300 to # 30
8> Here, the control of the above three subroutines will be described. First, based on FIG. 65, the AF subroutine (see FIG.
Step # 160 in 3 will be described. Step # 30
Enter the focal length f of the photographic optical system at 0, and step # 30
At 2, the amount of extension d from the infinite position is read. In step # 304, it is determined whether or not after focusing. After focusing
(AFEF = 1), the AF operation after the focus detection is not performed and the process returns, and if the focus is not achieved (AFEF = 0), the focus detection is controlled (# 305). It should be noted that whether or not the focus is achieved is determined only by the defocus amount DF detected, and the extension amount d
Is used only when calculating distances (flashmatic,
Used for AE algorithm and so on. ). After focus detection is performed by the focus detection unit 8 (# 305), the DF is detected from the detection result.
The amount is calculated (# 307) and the DF adjustment (FIG. 66) is performed (# 3
08).

<DF adjusting SUB (FIG. 66)> Here, FIG.
Based on No. 6, the DF adjustment subroutine (step # 308 in FIG. 65) will be described. First, the correction value ΔDF1 is read from the memory E2PROM (not shown) in the microcomputer μC1 (# 308-1). This ΔDF1 is a correction value for correcting an error of the defocus amount DF that occurs between the focused state on the detection surface of the focus state detection element and the focused state on the film surface. E2PROM has the longest focal length of 200 mm for zooming, ΔDF1
Is stored in memory. Next, a correction value ΔDF2 calculated on the basis of the focal length f and the defocus amount DF is read from the memory E2PROM in order to correct an error which is deviated for each focal length f and each defocus amount DF (# 30.
8-2).

The correction values ΔDF1 and ΔDF2 will be described. Focus detection optical system used for the focus state detection element
Although (not shown) performs zoom movement in conjunction with zooming of the photographing optical system, there is a manufacturing / assembly error that cannot be corrected to some extent in the mechanical configuration for performing the zoom drive. This error occurs between the focus surface of the focus detection optical system and the focus surface of the photographing optical system, and the defocus amount D
It appears as an error of F. This error is a function of the focal length f and the defocus amount DF.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the focal length is 20
The error is corrected by using the correction value ΔDF1 at 0 mm and the correction value ΔDF2 obtained from the focal length f and the defocus amount DF. Correction value DF2
Are pre-stored in the E2PROM as follows. Defocus amount D on the focus plane for each focal length f
By shifting F, how much the defocus amount DF on the focus surface of the focus detection system differs from the defocus amount DF on the focus surface of the photographing optical system is measured for each defocus amount DF. Then, the measurement result is stored in the E2PROM as the correction value DF2 of the detected defocus amount DF.

At step # 308-3, the above correction amount Δ
The defocus amount DF is newly calculated by adding DF1 and ΔDF2 to the detected defocus amount DF, and then the process returns. In this embodiment, the error amount (that is, the correction amount) is managed by the two parameters of the focal length f and the defocus amount DF, but the defocus amount D
If the error amount with respect to F is linear, a correction value may be stored as a correction coefficient for each focal length f.

<AFSUB (FIG. 65) ... # 310 to # 33
5> Returning to FIG. 65, in step # 310, the defocus amount DF is compared with a predetermined value KDF to determine whether or not the focus is achieved. If the focus is achieved (DF <KDF), the input focus is input. A second communication is performed in which the distance to the subject is calculated from the distance f and the amount of extension d (# 325), and a signal for starting camera shake correction is output to the microcomputer μC2 for camera shake control.
(# 330). Then, in step # 335, the flag AFEF indicating the focused state is set (AFEF = 1), and the process returns. This makes it possible to detect camera shake in a focused state so that camera shake detection is accurate, and because the actuator can be driven in time series, the load on the power source is reduced and correction control can be performed. It is done smoothly. On the other hand, when it is determined in step # 310 that the object is out of focus (DF ≧ KDF), the lens driving amount N is calculated from the defocus amount DF (# 315), and the lens is driven based on this (# 320). , And returns to step # 300.

<Photometry SUB (FIG. 67)> Next, based on FIG. 67, the photometry subroutine (step # 16 in FIG. 63).
5) will be described. First, the photometric value BVSP in the spot photometric area ABVSP (FIG. 24) at the center of the screen and the photometric value BVA in the average photometric area ABVAM (FIG. 24) including it
Input M and, respectively (# 350). Then, the control brightness BVC is calculated (# 355), and the camera shake brightness KBV is calculated from the focal length f data (# 360). Next, the control brightness value BVC is compared with the brightness KBV for camera shake (# 365). If BVC <KBV, it is determined that the brightness is low, and a flag LLF indicating low brightness is set.
(LLF = 1, # 370), after charging the flash condenser CM (FIG. 58) is started (# 375), the process returns. On the other hand, if BVC ≧ KBV, nothing is done and the process returns.

<Exposure calculation SUB (FIG. 68)> Next, FIG.
The exposure calculation subroutine (step # 170 in FIG. 63) will be described based on FIG. First, it is determined whether or not the zoom mode is between exposures (# 400). In the during-exposure zoom mode, the control aperture value AVC is calculated from the during-exposure zoom shutter speed (TVZ ≦ 1/30) and the control brightness value BVC (# 4
05), the control shutter speed TVC is calculated from the control aperture value AVC (# 410), and the process returns. If the zoom mode is not between exposures, the control aperture value AVC is calculated from the control brightness value BVC (# 415), the control shutter speed TVC is calculated from the control aperture value AVC (# 410), and the process returns. The shutter speed TVZ for zoom between exposures is
It is a shutter speed that can drive zoom, and
Manual setting may be used if it is 1/30 or more.

<S1ONSUB (FIG. 63) ... # 175- #
245> Returning to FIG. 63, the description of the S1ON subroutine is continued. By detecting the states of the switches SZW and SZT, it is determined whether or not there is a zoom operation with the switch S1 in the ON state (# 175). With zoom operation,
In order to perform zoom control, the zoom subroutine (FIG. 69) is executed (# 180). Next, in step # 240, it is determined whether or not the switch S1 is turned on, and O
If NO, the process returns to step # 160, and if OFF, the third communication for outputting a signal for ending the camera shake correction to the microcomputer μC2 for camera shake control is performed (# 245), and the process returns.

<Zoom SUB (FIG. 69) ... # 440 to # 4
52> Here, based on FIG. 69, the zoom subroutine
(Step # 35 in FIG. 59, Step # 1 in FIG. 63
80) will be described. First, it is determined whether or not the zoom-up operation is performed depending on whether or not the switch SZT is in the ON state (# 440). If the zoom-up operation is performed,
The focal length f and the extension amount d are input (# 445), and these are stored as f1 and d1 (# 447).

Next, the zoom-up control based on the zoom-up operation is performed for 0.1 second (# 450), and the correction subroutine (FIG. 70) for correcting the focus shift due to zooming is executed (# 452). The optical system used in this embodiment is a so-called varifocal lens that is out of focus when zooming is performed. Therefore, if zooming is performed while the subject is in focus, the focus is deviated due to the zooming. This out-of-focus gives an unpleasant feeling to the photographer looking into the viewfinder, and moreover, if the photograph is taken as it is, the photograph will be out of focus. Therefore, in order to correct the focus shift due to zooming, while performing zooming, the focus shift is calculated and corrected, and after the zooming is finished, refocus detection is performed, and if the shift amount is large, the shift is detected. The lens is driven by a certain amount.

<Correction SUB (FIG. 70)> The correction subroutine (step # 452 in FIG. 69) will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. First, in step # 520, the flag AFEF indicating the focused state is reset ((A
FEF = 0), which enables focus detection again. Next, the focal length f and the extension amount d at this time are input (# 52
5), these are stored as f2 and d2 (# 530).
Then, the correction amount is calculated from these (# 535), the focus lens for AF is driven (# 540), and the process returns.

<Zoom SUB (FIG. 69) ... # 453 to # 4
95> Returning to FIG. 69, the description of the zoom subroutine will be continued. In step # 453, it is determined whether the focal length f is larger than 100 mm. If the focal length f is 100 mm or less, the process returns to step # 440, and if the focal length f is larger than 100 mm, the process proceeds to step # 455. Step # 455
Then, it is determined whether or not the flag EAF is set. If the flag EAF is set (EAF = 1),
Return to step # 440. If the flag EAF is set (EAF = 1), the flash panel (not shown) has already been set so that the flash irradiation angle covers the angle of view of the photographing optical system with a focal length of 100 mm or more. Is. If flag EAF is not set (EA
(F = 0), the flash panel is moved by the zoom flash controller 4 so that the irradiation angle is set to correspond to the focal length of 100 mm (# 460). Then, the flag EAF is set (EAF = 1, # 465), and the process returns to step # 440.

If it is determined in step # 440 that the zoom-up operation has not been performed, the process proceeds to step # 470. Steps # 470 to # 495 are the same as steps # 440 to # 465 described above, except that the zoom-up is zoomed-down and the control based on this is only partially changed, and therefore the description thereof is omitted. If it is determined that the zoom-up operation and the zoom-down operation have not been performed (steps # 440 and # 470), the operation is completed, and the process returns.

In the irradiation angle changing mechanism adopted in this embodiment, the irradiation angle and the focal length corresponding to the focal length of 35 mm are used.
It is possible to change the magnification of two irradiation angles with the irradiation angle corresponding to 100 mm. For example, the focal length of the photographing optical system is 35 mm to 200 m.
When the irradiation angle is changed to correspond to m, F3.5 to F9,
The moving distance of the flash panel becomes large, and the flash unit 34 (FIG. 25) becomes large. Also, the focal length is 35
With an irradiation angle corresponding to mm, the open aperture becomes darker by three steps than when the focal length is 200 mm, and the reach of the flash light becomes shorter accordingly.

Therefore, when the focal length of the photographing optical system is larger than 100 mm, the irradiation angle is set so as to correspond to the focal length of 100 mm by moving the flash panel as described above. As a result, the flash light is condensed, so if GN = 11 at the irradiation angle corresponding to the focal length of 35 mm, set GN = 16 (twice the amount of light at the irradiation angle corresponding to the focal length of 35 mm). Is possible. Therefore, the reaching distance of the flash light can be extended without increasing the size of the flash unit 34.

<S1ONSUB (FIG. 63) ... # 175- #
190> Returning to FIG. 63, the description of the S1ON subroutine is continued. When it is determined in step # 175 that the zoom operation is not performed, it is determined whether or not the switch S2 which is turned on by pressing down the second stroke of the release button 36 (FIG. 25) is turned on (# 185). If the switch S2 is OFF, it is determined whether or not the switch S1 is ON.
(# 187). If the switch S1 is ON, the process returns to step # 175. If the switch S1 is OFF, the third communication for outputting a signal for ending the camera shake correction is performed (# 188), and the process returns. If the switch S2 is turned on in step # 185, the S2ON subroutine (FIG. 71) is executed (#
190).

<S2ONSUB (FIG. 71)> Here, FIG.
The S2ON subroutine (step # 190 in FIG. 63) will be described based on 1. First, the flag warning F for warning is reset (warning F = 0, # 550). Next, the exposure control subroutine (FIG. 72) is executed (# 56
5) and returns (# 565).

<Exposure control SUB (FIG. 72)> Subsequently, FIG.
The exposure control subroutine (step # 565 in FIG. 71) will be described based on 2. First, start the exposure timer (composed of the microcomputer μC1) (# 665),
Open the shutter (# 670). The exposure timer waits for the exposure time (that is, the actual time of the control shutter speed TVC) to elapse (# 675), and when the exposure time elapses, the shutter closing subroutine (FIG. 73) is executed (#
680), a flash control subroutine for controlling the flash emission at the moment when the shutter is closed (Fig. 74,
75) is executed (# 685), and the process returns.

<Shutter Closing SUB (FIG. 73)> Here, the subroutine (step # 680 in FIG. 72) for controlling the shutter closing will be described with reference to FIG.
First, it is determined whether or not it is the zoom mode during exposure (# 70).
0). If the zoom mode is not between exposures, the shutter is immediately closed (# 720) and the process returns. If the zoom mode is between exposures, the aperture is fixed (# 705), the zoom drive from wide to tele is started (# 710), and the TVZ-T is started.
The real time of VC is measured (# 715), and after the measurement is completed, the shutter is closed (# 720) and the process returns. Since the shutter is open even during the above-described exposure-to-exposure zoom, the shutter speed TVZ during the exposure-to-exposure zoom for the exposure time TVC is taken into consideration as described above for TVZ-TV.
The exposure for C (# 715) is performed.

<Flash Control (FIGS. 74 and 75)> Next, the flash control will be described separately for the light beam splitting type camera (FIG. 56) and the optical path switching type camera (FIG. 57).
Before that, the reason why the flash emission control is different between the above types will be described below.

In a conventional single-lens reflex camera known in the related art, since the optical path is switched between the photographing optical system and the film surface, it is impossible to perform photometry for light adjustment in the finder system. Therefore, a light control element that directly measures the film surface is arranged at the bottom of the mirror box in the camera body. In the lens shutter type single-lens reflex camera, since there is no mirror box, it is not possible to secure a space for providing the light control element in the camera body. Therefore, in this embodiment, as described above, the photometric element arranged in the finder system is also used as the dimming element.

In the light beam splitting type camera, the light beam incident on the photographing optical system is split into two even while the shutter is open. Therefore, since the light constantly travels to the film surface N1 side as well as the finder system side, automatic light control is performed by monitoring the light control light flux with the photometric element arranged in the finder system as described above. You can

However, in the optical path switching type camera, all the light during film exposure goes to the film surface N1 (FIG. 7, FIG. 8 etc.) side, so that no light enters the finder system and it is completely blacked out. . Therefore, in the flash control subroutine described later, the movable total reflection mirror AM1
Before flipping up (FIG. 7, FIG. 8 etc.), the flash unit 34 or the macro flash unit 35 (FIG. 25) is pre-emitted to monitor the reflected light from the subject with the photometric element. Then, based on the data obtained by this pre-emission, the amount of light emission required for main light emission during film exposure is adjusted.

<Flash control SUB (FIG. 74)> FIG.
The flash control subroutine (step # 685 in FIG. 72) of the light beam splitting type camera (FIG. 56) will be described based on FIG. First, it is determined whether or not the flash emission mode
(# 740). If the flash mode is not set (LLF
= 0), return, and if flash emission mode (L
LF = 1), it is determined whether or not the macro photography mode (# 74
5). If it is the macro photography mode, it is determined in step # 750 whether it is the red-eye mode. If it is not the macro photography mode, it is determined in step # 765 whether it is the red-eye mode.

If it is determined in step # 750 that the mode is not the red-eye mode, the process proceeds to step # 760, and if it is the red-eye mode, the process proceeds to step # 755. In step # 755, the second xenon tube Xe2 is output by outputting the red-eye preventing emission signal.
The red-eye prevention light emission shown in FIG. 58 is performed. This xenon tube Xe
2 is built in the macro flash unit (not shown) arranged on the front surface of the lens barrel 32 (FIG. 25) as described above. Also, the red-eye prevention light emission is, for example, 3 to 3 of flash light emission
It is performed by blinking four times. In step # 760, the main emission signal is output, and the main emission of the second xenon tube Xe2 is performed. When the main emission of the second xenon tube Xe2 ends,
To return.

If it is determined in step # 765 that the mode is not the red-eye mode, the process proceeds to step # 775, and if it is the red-eye mode, the process proceeds to step # 770. In step # 770, the first xenon tube Xe1 is output by outputting the red-eye preventing emission signal.
The red-eye prevention light emission shown in FIG. 58 is performed. This xenon tube Xe
1 is built in the flash unit 34 arranged on the upper portion of the camera body 30 (FIG. 25). The red-eye prevention light emission is performed by flashing flash light 3 to 4 times, for example. At step # 775, the main emission of the first xenon tube Xe1 is performed by the output of the main emission signal. When the main emission of the first xenon tube Xe1 is completed, the process returns.

<Flash control SUB (FIG. 75)> Next,
Based on FIG. 75, a flash control subroutine (step # 68 in FIG. 72) of the optical path switching type camera (FIG. 57).
5) will be described. This flash control subroutine
Macro shooting mode determination (# 745) and red-eye mode determination
Pre-flash subroutine between (# 750, # 765)
76 is the same as the above-described flash control subroutine (FIG. 74) of the light beam splitting type camera (FIG. 56). Therefore, the pre-flash subroutine (Fig.
Only 6) will be described, and description of other steps will be omitted. However, the main light emission (# 760, # 775) is the photometric result obtained by the pre-light emission described later, that is, the control light emission amount G
Performed using NC. The pre-light emission to be described later also serves to prevent red eye, and therefore, for example, red eye light emission for blinking 3 to 4 times (# 755 and # 770 in FIG. 75).
Of these, the last flash emission may also be used for pre-emission.

<Pre-light emission SUB (FIG. 76)> Based on FIG. 76, the pre-light emission subroutine (step # 7 in FIG. 75) is performed.
47, # 762). First, let G be the light emission amount GVC.
Output as N = 2 to control the variable voltage V _{ref of} FIG.
(# 570), the light emission signal is output (# 572). Next, it is determined whether or not it is the macro photography mode (# 575). In the macro shooting mode, a signal for pre-lighting the second xenon tube Xe2 is output (# 577), and the process proceeds to step # 582. If it is not the macro photography mode, since it is normal flash photography, a signal for pre-lighting the first xenon tube Xe1 is output (# 580), and the process proceeds to step # 582.

In step # 582, the process stands by for several milliseconds. This waiting time of several milliseconds depends on the emission signal and the xenon tube X
This is the time required for e1 or Xe2 to emit light and for GN = 2 to emit light. This may vary depending on the xenon tube, so it may be changed depending on the xenon tube used. After waiting for a few msec (# 582), the latch signal is output (# 585), A / D conversion is performed by the A / D conversion circuit A / D2 (FIG. 58), and then the A / D conversion output is output. Input (# 587), this input data {that is, light receiving element 1
50 (FIG. 58), the exposure deviation amount ΔEV from the proper exposure is calculated based on the photometric data for light control} (# 5
90). Next, ΔAV is calculated from the difference (AVO-AVC) between the maximum aperture value AVO and the control aperture value AVC (# 592), and this value ΔAV is corrected for the difference in the amount of transmitted light caused by the difference between the photographing system and the photometric detection system. , And the exposure deviation amount ΔEV described above
The control emission amount GNC is calculated from (# 590) and output (# 595).

Next, it is determined whether or not the macro photography mode is set.
(# 600). The macro flash unit 35 is provided with a diffusive panel on the front surface of the second xenon tube Xe2, and since light is diffused by this panel, a double emission amount is required for proper exposure. Therefore, in the macro shooting mode, GNC = GNC × 2 is set (# 603), GNmac which is the maximum guide number GN in macro shooting is set to GNMAX (# 605), and the process proceeds to step # 610. If it is not the macro photography mode, GNnor (f), which is the maximum guide number GN corresponding to the focal length f, is set to GNM.
As AX, the process proceeds to step # 610.

At step # 610, a GNM capable of emitting light is used.
AX is compared with the control emission amount GNC. GNMAX ≧ G
If NC, return. On the other hand, GNMAX <GNC
If so, the control light emission amount GNC is set to GNMAX (# 62
0), set a flag warning F for warning of insufficient exposure (flag warning F = 1, # 625), and return.

<S1ONSUB (FIG. 63) ... # 195- #
235> Returning to FIG. 63, the description of the S1ON subroutine is continued. As described above, the S2ON subroutine (see FIG.
After executing 1) (# 190), the third communication for outputting a signal for ending the camera shake correction is performed (# 195). Then, the winding controller 11 winds the film (# 20
0), reset and start the timer (# 20
5). Then, it is determined based on the flag warning F whether or not warning display is necessary (# 210). If a warning is required (warning F = 1), give a warning (# 212), and then step #
If no warning is required (Warning F = 0), the process proceeds to step # 215.

At step # 215, the switch S1 is turned off.
Wait for FF. If switch S1 turns off,
It is determined whether or not the reset / started timer has passed 1 second (# 220). If 1 second has passed, the display on the display unit 1 is turned off (# 235) and the process returns. Depending on the determination in step # 220, a warning of underexposure after the end of shooting is issued for at least 1 second. If 1 second has not elapsed in the determination of step # 220, if the switch S1 or the zoom operation is performed again during this time (# 225,
# 230), it is determined that the operation for the next photographing has been performed, the process proceeds to step # 235, the display on the display unit 1 is turned off (# 235), and the process returns. Steps # 225, # 2
If there is no operation in step 30, step # 22
Return to 0.

<Shooting Mode SUB (FIG. 77)> Next, FIG.
7, the photographing mode subroutine (step # 40 in FIG. 59) will be described. This routine is a mode for controlling the setting / changing of the photographing mode. First, when it is detected that the switch SMD (FIG. 56, FIG. 57) is switched from ON to OFF (# 780), the photographing mode is set to 0.
Change to cyclic → 1 → 2 → 3 → 0 (# 78
5) Return. Here, 1 is a macro photography mode, 2 is an inter-exposure zoom mode, 3 is a mode having a macro photography mode and an inter-exposure zoom mode, and 0 is a normal photography mode without these modes.

<Camera shake control (FIGS. 78 and 79)> Next, based on FIGS. 78 and 79, a microcomputer μC for camera shake control will be described.
The control operation of the camera shake interrupt performed by 2 will be described. The microcomputer μC2 communicates with the microcomputer μC1 by the first communication (# 155 in FIG. 63), the second communication (# 330 in FIG. 65),
By the third communication (# 188, # 195, # 245 in FIG. 63) and the fourth communication (# 30 in FIG. 59, # 60 in FIG. 60), a beam splitting type camera (FIG. 56), optical path switching type The following controls are performed for each of the cameras (FIG. 57).

<Camera shake interruption (FIG. 78)> In the light beam splitting type camera (FIG. 56), the microcomputer μC2 for camera shake control is used.
Inputs a signal indicating communication from the microcomputer μC1,
The camera shake interruption shown in FIG. 78 occurs. First, data is input (# 800), and then the type of signal is determined (# 802). If the signal type is the first communication, the process proceeds to step # 805 to start camera shake detection. Where C
Initialize the CD sensor (camera shake sensor 12) such as discharging unnecessary charges, and wait for the next interrupt.

If the signal type is the second communication, the process proceeds to step # 810 to correct the camera shake. Step # 81
The integration control of the CCD sensor is performed at 0, and after the integration is completed, data is input (# 812), and the image blur amount and the lens correction amount are calculated based on the input signal (# 815). Next, based on the obtained calculation result, the motor M is driven by the X-direction drive unit 13.
4 is driven, and the motor M5 is driven by the Y-direction drive unit 14 to perform camera shake correction (# 820). After camera shake correction, the process returns to step # 810.

If the signal type is the third communication, it means that after the switch S1 is turned off or after the exposure is completed, the motor M4 is driven by the X-direction drive unit 13 in order to end only the camera shake correction and the Y-direction. By driving the motor M5 by the drive unit 14, the moving block 120 (see FIGS.
5) is returned to the reset position (that is, the initial position) to end the camera shake correction (# 825), and waits for the next interrupt. If the signal type is the fourth communication, it is not in preparation for shooting, and therefore neither shake correction nor detection is necessary. Therefore, for the purpose of saving power consumption, the camera shake detection is ended (# 830), and the next interrupt is waited for.

<Camera shake interruption (FIG. 79)> In the optical path switching type camera (FIG. 57), the microcomputer μC2 for camera shake control is used.
Inputs a signal indicating communication from the microcomputer μC1,
The camera shake interruption shown in FIG. 79 occurs. First, data is input (# 800), and then the type of signal is determined (# 802). If the signal type is the first communication, the process proceeds to step # 805, and the angular velocity sensor (camera shake sensor 1
2) Start camera shake detection and wait for the next interrupt.

If the signal type is the second communication, the process proceeds to step # 810 to correct the camera shake. Step # 81
At 0, the signal from the angular velocity sensor is input, and the image blur amount and the lens correction amount are calculated based on the input signal (# 815).
Next, based on the obtained calculation result, the X-direction drive unit 13
The motor shake is corrected by driving the motor M4 with, and the motor M5 with the Y-direction drive unit 14 (# 8
20). After camera shake correction, the process returns to step # 810. When the signal type is the third communication and the fourth communication, the same control as that of the light beam splitting type camera (FIG. 56) is performed, and the description thereof will be omitted.

<< Zooming and Focusing >> Next, zooming and focusing in the camera according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 82 has two lens groups,
FIG. 83 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a zoom lens barrel including three stages (one fixed barrel + two barrels extended), and FIG. 83 shows a focus portion holding the second lens group 214, out of which. It is a perspective view. In these figures, 201 is a fixed cylinder that is fixed to the camera body, has an inner surface of a cylindrical system, and has a helicoid groove 201a and a straight groove (not shown) parallel to the generatrix on the inner surface. .

Reference numeral 202 designates a cylindrical shape on both the inner and outer surfaces,
On the outer surface, the helicoid groove 201a on the inner surface of the fixed cylinder 201
A helicoid protrusion 202a that engages with
It is a rotary advancing cylinder having b and a bayonet portion (not shown) formed in the circumferential direction. This rotation forward cylinder 202 is
Rotational force is transmitted from a zoom reduction system (not shown) to the fixed barrel 2
By rotating with respect to 01, it is moved in the optical axis direction.

203 has a cylindrical shape on both the inner and outer surfaces,
A straight-moving rib 203a that engages with a straight-moving groove on the inner surface of the fixed barrel 201 and a bayonet claw portion (not shown) that engages with a bayonet portion on the inner surface of the rotating forward-moving barrel 202 are formed on the outer surface. Is a first straight-moving cylinder provided with a straight-moving groove (not shown) parallel to. The first rectilinear barrel 203 and the rotary advancing barrel 202 can rotate around the optical axis while being integrated in the optical axis direction by the engagement of the bayonet portion and the bayonet claw portion (so-called bayonet coupling). The first rectilinear barrel 203 has the rectilinear ribs 203a.
Since it is guided by the straight groove of No. 1, it goes straight.
Further, the first rectilinear barrel 203 is formed with an elongated cam hole 203b penetrating from the inner surface to the outer surface, and the pin 204 is adapted to slide along the cam hole 203b.

The pin 204 serves as the second rectilinear barrel 20 described later.
5, the taper cam 202b on the inner surface of the rotary advance cylinder 202, and the cam hole 2 of the first straight advance cylinder 203.
It is engaged with 03b to form a so-called cam structure. That is, the rotation forward cylinder 202 and the first rectilinear cylinder 203
When and are rotated around the optical axis while being united in the optical axis direction, the second rectilinear barrel 205 is configured to move in the optical axis direction with respect to them. In this case, the angle between the taper cam 202b of the rotary advancing cylinder 202 and the cam hole 203b of the first advancing cylinder 203 depends on whether the second straight advancing cylinder 205 advances straight ahead, rotationally advancing, or the degree of rotation angle. Although it can be freely set depending on the relationship, here, the second rectilinear barrel 205 is designed to go straight.

205 has a cylindrical outer surface, and on the outer surface thereof, a rectilinear rib 205a that engages with a rectilinear groove on the inner surface of the first rectilinear cylinder 203 and a fixing hole 205b for fixing the pin 204 are formed. The second rectilinear barrel is driven by the above-described cam structure, and the rectilinear rib 205a is guided by the rectilinear groove on the inner surface of the first rectilinear barrel 203, so that the first rectilinear barrel 203 has an optical axis direction. Go straight to.

In the above structure, the rectilinear ribs 203a, 2 for guiding the first and second rectilinear barrels 202, 205 are arranged.
05a and straight-moving grooves corresponding to them, and the second straight-moving barrel 20.
The pin 204, the taper cam 202b, and the cam hole 203b for driving 5 are provided three by three in such a manner that the entire circumference of the corresponding lens barrel is divided into three. This is a so-called three-point suspension method, which makes it possible to compensate the optical axis direction position and the inclination with respect to the optical axis at any position of each lens barrel that is a moving element.

In this zoom lens barrel, since the respective lens barrels are constructed and connected as described above, when the rotational force is transmitted from the external zoom reduction system to the rotary forward barrel 202, the rotary forward barrel 202 and the rotary forward barrel 202 are connected to each other. The first rectilinear barrel 203, which is integrated in the optical axis direction, advances straight with respect to the fixed barrel 201, and further the second rectilinear barrel 205.
Goes straight with respect to the first straight-moving barrel 203. Therefore, in the end, the second rectilinear barrel 205 goes straight with respect to the camera body.

The second stage, which is the final stage of this lens barrel structure,
The rectilinear barrel 205 integrally holds a first-group lens holding frame 211 that holds the first lens group 213, a focus unit (which will be described later) that includes the second lens group 214, and a lens barrier unit 212. The lens barrier unit 212
When the respective lens barrels are completely housed, is driven by a mechanism (not shown) to cover the front of the first lens group 213 and protect the surface thereof.

Now, the structure of the focus section will be described. The focus unit is the second group lens holding frame support member 20.
6 and a second lens group holding frame 208 which is supported by the second lens group holding frame support member 206 and directly holds the second lens group 214, and these together work as a mechanism for focusing. The second group lens holding frame support member 206 has a flange portion 206b fixedly supported by the rectilinear barrel 205, and a tubular portion 206a having a cylindrical inner surface and a helicoid groove 206c provided on the inner surface.

A gear 207, which is rotatably provided and which transmits the rotational force from the focus unit 210 and transmits the rotational force to the second group lens holding frame 208, is attached to the cylindrical portion 206a. Further, the flange portion 20
A shutter unit 209 is attached to 6b. The outer surface of the second group lens holding frame 208 is cylindrical, and the outer surface thereof has a helicoid protrusion 208a that engages with the helicoid groove 201a on the inner surface of the tubular portion 206a of the second group lens holding frame support member 206. A gear 208b that meshes with the gear 207 is formed.

Next, the operation of the focus section having such a configuration will be described. The focus unit 21
When 0 is driven, the rotational force is transmitted to the gear 207. When the gear 207 rotates, the second lens group lens frame 208 holding the second lens group 214, which is a lens for focusing, is driven by the gear 208b provided on the outer surface of the lens group lens frame 208 to rotate, and the helicoid groove 206c and the helicoid protrusion. Since the strips 208a are meshed with each other, the second rectilinear barrel 20
It moves in the optical axis direction while rotating with respect to 5.

As described above, in the zoom lens barrel configured as shown in FIG. 82, focusing is performed by moving the second lens group 214 in the optical axis direction. In addition,
In this configuration, both the first group lens holding frame 211 and the second group lens holding frame support member 206 are fixed to the second rectilinear barrel 205, so unless the focus motor 210 is rotated, the first lens group 213 and the second lens The group 214 moves while keeping the interval constant during zooming. That is, in this case, the zoom curves drawn by the two are parallel.
However, since the zoom curves originally required for the first lens group 213 and the second lens group 214 are not parallel,
In the present embodiment, the difference is corrected by using the focusing mechanism described above.

FIG. 84 has the same configuration as that shown in FIG.
In a zoom lens barrel having two lens groups, the arrangement of the first lens group (I) and the second lens group (II) (see FIG. 9A) and the zoom curves originally required for these (see FIG. ) Reference). As can be seen from this figure, when zooming from the short focal length setting state (hereinafter, wide state. Symbol: W) to the long focal length setting state (hereinafter, tele state, symbol: T), the first Both the lens group (I) and the second lens group (II) must be extended forward, but at that time, they should be drawn, that is, the zoom curves Z1 and Z2 originally required for them are not parallel to each other.

Therefore, in the past, the first method for zooming was used.
Separate lens drive mechanisms are provided to independently support the lens group (I) and the second lens group (II) and move them along different zoom curves. In addition, in order to perform focusing in addition to zooming, one of the lens groups can be moved to the corresponding zoom curve Z.
The lens drive mechanism that moves a predetermined amount from 1 or Z2,
You need one more. Therefore, in the conventional zoom lens barrel having a two-group configuration, a total of 2 + 1 = 3 lens driving mechanisms are provided.

On the other hand, as described above, in the configuration shown in FIG. 82, the first lens group 213 and the second lens group 214
By holding both of them together by the second rectilinear barrel 205, zooming is performed along one of the zoom curves while keeping the distance between the two constant, and then the zoom curve deviates from the original zoom curve. The other lens group is corrected by the amount of deviation using a mechanism for focusing. Therefore, in this case, the total number of lens driving mechanisms required is (2-1) + 1 = 2.

That is, as shown in FIG. 85, the first lens group (I) 213 is moved along the originally required zoom curve Z1 and the second lens group (II) 214 is moved in parallel with the curve Z2. 'Move along. in this case,
The curve Z2 ′ deviates from the zoom curve Z2 originally required for the second lens group (II) 214. Therefore, the second
If the lens unit (II) 214 is moved by the difference between the locus Z2 ′ and the original zoom curve Z2 by using the focusing mechanism, the first lens unit (I) 21 has the above configuration.
The required zoom movement can be performed by both the third lens group (II) 214 and the third lens group (II) 214. In addition, in shooting, it is necessary to perform focusing in addition to zooming,
This focusing is achieved by further moving the second lens group (II) 214 by the same focusing mechanism.

Although the structure will not be described in detail, similarly, in the structure in which the first and second lens groups are held by one straight lens barrel, focusing is performed not on the second lens group 214 but on the first lens group 213. Even if a mechanism for use is attached, zooming and focusing can be performed with a lens driving mechanism that is one less than the conventional one. FIG. 86 shows a zoom curve Z to be drawn by the first lens group (I) and the second lens group (II) during zooming in that configuration.
1 and Z2 and a curve Z1 ′ drawn by the first lens group (I) when no correction is performed by the focusing mechanism are also shown.

In the case of this configuration, during zooming, the second
The lens group (II) is moved along the originally required zoom curve Z2, and the first lens group (I) is moved along the curve Z1 ′ obtained by translating the curve Z2. In this case, the curve Z
1'is out of the zoom curve Z1 originally required for the first lens group (I). Therefore, if the first lens group (I) is moved by the difference between the locus Z1 ′ and the original zoom curve Z1 by using the focusing mechanism, the first lens group (I) and the second lens group (I) are moved in the above-described configuration. Lens group (I
I) The required zoom movement can be performed together. Note that, as in the case shown in FIG. 85, it is necessary to perform focusing in addition to zooming for shooting, but this focusing is performed by further moving the first lens group (I) by the same focusing mechanism. Achieved by

Next, in the camera according to the present invention, zooming and focusing of a zoom lens barrel having four lens groups and comprising four stages (one fixed barrel + three barrels extended) are performed. The mechanism will be described with reference to FIGS. 47 and 48 described above.

The zoom lens barrel of this structure has a four-stage structure, which is one stage larger than that of the zoom lens barrel shown in FIG. 82. However, the structure of each lens barrel (fixed barrel, rotary forward barrel and straight forward barrel) and The operation is similar to that shown in FIG. That is,
When the rotational force is transmitted from the external zoom reduction system to the first rotation advance barrel 65, the first straight advance barrel 66, which is integrated with the first rotation advance barrel 65 in the central axis direction of the lens barrel, is attached to the fixed barrel 64. Go straight ahead.

At this time, since the first rotary advance barrel 65 and the first rectilinear barrel 66 rotate about the central axis of the lens barrel, the taper cam and the cam hole (not shown) provided on each of them, and the second rotary advance. Due to the cam structure including the pin fixed to the barrel 67, the second rotation forward barrel 67 moves while rotating around the central axis of the lens barrel with respect to the first rectilinear barrel 66. At the same time, the second rectilinear barrel 68 is integrated with the second rotary advancing barrel 67 in the central axis direction of the lens barrel by being guided by the rectilinear ribs provided on the second rectilinear barrel 68, and the second rectilinear barrel 66 with respect to the first rectilinear barrel 66. And go straight.

Then, the second rotary forward barrel 67 and the second straight forward barrel 68 rotate about the central axis of the lens barrel, so that the taper cam (not shown) and the third straight forward barrel 6 provided on each of them.
Due to the cam structure composed of the pin fixed to 9, the third rectilinear barrel 69 is rectilinear with respect to the second rectilinear barrel 68 in the central axis direction of the lens barrel.

In the zoom lens barrel constructed as shown in FIGS. 47 and 48, the first lens group 61a includes the third rectilinear barrel 69.
The focusing unit including the second lens group 62a and the 2-3 group lens block holding the third lens group 62b are integrally held by the second rectilinear barrel 68.
Therefore, unless the focus unit is operated, the second lens group 62a and the third lens group 62b move in the optical axes AX and AX1 directions while keeping the interval constant. further,
The fourth lens group 63a includes a fourth lens group 63 for holding the fourth lens group 63a and an arm 63 with a cam follower for moving the fourth group.
With a cam structure including a pin (cam follower) provided upright on c, the lens moves straight in the central axis direction of the lens barrel with respect to the second rectilinear barrel 68. Thereby, the first to fourth lens groups 61a, 62
The a, 62b and 63a go straight in the directions of the optical axes AX and AX1, respectively.

Even in the zoom lens barrel having this structure,
A three-point suspension structure is adopted as a member for holding or driving each moving element. That is, the first and second rectilinear barrels 66,
Linearly-moving ribs provided on each of 68, linearly-moving grooves 64a and 66a corresponding to them, and a second rotary advancing cylinder 67,
The third straight advancing barrel 69, the pin fixed to each of the arms 63c with the cam followers for moving the fourth and fourth groups, and the corresponding taper cams and cam holes are divided into three parts by dividing the entire circumference of the corresponding lens barrel into three parts. We have each one.

In addition to the photographing optical system, a finder optical system having an optical axis of AX2 is also arranged in the zoom lens barrel. Therefore, the center axis AX2 of the lens barrel and the optical axes AX1 and AX2 of the photographing optical system and the finder optical system are parallel to each other but do not overlap. However, during zooming, the relative positional relationship between the optical axes AX1 and AX2 is maintained as it is.

Next, various members held by each lens barrel will be specifically described. A first group lens holding frame 61b holding the first lens group 61a and a lens barrier unit 70 are integrally held by the third rectilinear barrel 69 which is the final stage of the feeding structure. The lens barrier unit 70
When the respective lens barrels are completely housed, is driven by a mechanism (not shown) to cover the front of the first lens group 61a and protect the surface thereof.

The second rectilinear barrel 2 which is the second stage of the feeding structure.
26, as described above, the 2-3 group lens block 6
2 are held integrally, and the second lens group 62
Focusing part including a, third lens group 62b, shutter unit 62f, flip-up movable total reflection mirror 6
2 and a total reflection mirror 62g are provided. In addition,
The focus unit includes a second lens group 62a held by the 2-3 group lens block 62 so as to be rotatable and advancing in the optical axis AX direction, and a gear 62i attached to the second lens group 62a.
It is composed of a focus unit 62c which is rotationally driven via 2h, and these together work as a mechanism for focusing.

As described above, the fourth lens group 63a
The fourth-group lens holding frame 63b for holding the lens has a cam structure including a pin (cam follower) provided upright on the arm 63c with a cam follower for moving the fourth group, so that Go straight to. Therefore, with the above configuration, if the angle relationship between the taper groove formed in each lens barrel and the cam hole is appropriately set, the first to fourth lens groups 61a, 61a,
Each of 62a, 62b, 63a can be zoomed along a predetermined zoom curve. However, unless the focusing mechanism described above is operated, the second lens group 62a and the third lens group 62b move integrally while maintaining a constant interval.

FIG. 87 shows the first lens group (I) in the zoom lens barrel having four lens groups as in this configuration.
Arrangement of the second lens group (II), the third lens group (III), and the fourth lens group (IV) (see FIG. 11A), and zoom curves required for each of them (see FIG. 11B). It is a figure which shows typically. As can be seen from this figure, when zooming from the wide state (symbol: W) toward the telephoto state (symbol: T), all of these lens groups must be extended forward, but at that time they should be drawn. A locus in the optical axis direction, that is, each zoom curve W1, W
2, W3 and W4 are not parallel to each other.

Therefore, conventionally, for example, as shown in FIG. 33, the first to fourth lens groups are independently supported, and a separate lens drive mechanism is provided for zooming each of them. Also, in order to perform focusing in addition to zooming, one of these lens groups is used.
One more lens drive mechanism is required to move one from the corresponding zoom curve by a predetermined amount. Therefore,
In the conventional zoom lens barrel having a four-group configuration, a total of 4 + 1 = 5 lens driving mechanisms are provided.

On the other hand, as described above, in the configuration shown in FIG. 47, the second lens group 62a and the third lens group 62b are included.
Are integrally held by the second-third group lens block that is fixedly held by the second rectilinear barrel 68, so that zooming is performed along one of the zoom curves while keeping the distance between the two constant. At this time, the lens group that deviates from the original zoom curve is corrected by using the focus adjustment mechanism by the amount of deviation. Therefore, in this case, the total number of required lens driving mechanisms is (4-1) +
1 = 4 is enough.

That is, as shown in FIG. 88, the first, third and fourth lens groups (I), (III) and (IV) are first moved along the zoom curves W1, W3 and W4 originally required for them. In addition, the second lens group (II) and the third lens group (II
The zoom curve W3 of I) is moved along the parallel-moved curve W2 ′. Then, the second lens group (II) 62a
Draws a locus W2 'parallel to W3. Therefore, if the second lens group (II) 239 is moved by the difference between this locus W2 'and the original zoom curve W2 using the mechanism for focus adjustment, after all, with the above-mentioned configuration, the first to fourth lenses It is possible to cause the groups (I to IV) 238 to 241 to perform the operations required for zooming. It should be noted that in shooting, it is necessary to perform focus adjustment in addition to zooming, but this focus adjustment is performed using the same focus adjustment mechanism
This is achieved by further moving the lens group (II).

Although the structure will not be described in detail, in the same structure having the first to fourth lens groups (I) to (IV), the focus adjusting section including the second lens group (II) is Even if it is held integrally with the fourth lens group (IV) instead of the third lens group (III) and is moved along the zoom curve W4 of the fourth lens group (IV), it will be similar to the conventional one. Zooming and focusing can be performed with a small number of lens driving mechanisms.

In this case, compared with the case shown in FIG.
Since the third lens group (III) is sandwiched between the second lens group (II) and the fourth lens group (IV), the holding configuration of each lens group becomes complicated, but the second lens group (II) And there is no large difference between the zoom curves W2 and W4 required for the fourth lens group (IV) and the fourth lens group (IV), the correction amount for driving the second lens group (II) by using the focusing mechanism during zooming is small. Since the adjustment margin required for zooming in the mechanism is small, there is an advantage that the internal structure of the lens barrel can be made compact.

FIG. 89 shows the original zoom curves W1 to W4 of the first to fourth lens groups (I to IV) during zooming, and the second lens when no correction is made by the focusing mechanism. Track (2) of group (II)
And are also shown. In the case of this configuration, at the time of zooming, the second lens group (II) and the fourth lens group (IV) are integrally held and first moved along the zoom curve W4 of the fourth lens group (IV). A locus W parallel to W4
The moving amount of the second lens group (II) is corrected by the focusing mechanism by the difference between 2 ″ and the original zoom curve W2.
For focusing, the second lens group (II) may be further moved by the same focusing mechanism.

In any of the above constructions, the zooming method in which the two lens groups are first moved integrally and then the difference between the one lens group and the original zoom curve is corrected has been described. The order of correcting the difference is not limited to this. For example, when the zoom value to be set is known, the amount to be corrected is determined in advance. Therefore, this correction is first performed by the focusing mechanism for one lens group, and then both lens groups are moved integrally. be able to.

<< Holding Lens of Photographing Optical System and Viewfinder Optical System >> Next, the structure of the lens barrel having both the photographing optical system and the finder optical system will be described. In the lens barrel shown in FIG. 33, the first to fourth lens groups 41a, 42a, 43a, 44a as the photographing optical system are independently movably supported, and a flip-up total reflection mirror provided in the middle thereof is provided. The light flux can be switched so as to be guided to the finder optical system.

In the lens barrel shown in FIG. 47, the second and third lens groups 62a and 62b of the photographing optical system are both
The third group lens block holds it, and the first and fourth lens groups are independently supported, but the finder optical system uses a flip-up total reflection mirror provided in the middle of the shooting optical system to bundle the luminous flux. It is configured to switch and guide.

33 and 47, the taking optical system and the finder optical system are both the first and second lens groups 41a and 42a (in the case of FIG. 33) or 61a and 62a (in the case of FIG. 33). 47), the parallax does not occur between the photographing optical system and the finder optical diameter. Further, this lens barrel is provided with a mechanism capable of being extended and performing zooming and focusing, and both the photographing optical system and the finder optical system are configured to be driven by this mechanism.

33 and 47, both the optical axes of the photographing optical system and the finder optical system are arranged so as to be parallel to the central axis of the lens barrel. Has been done. As a result, the space occupied by the photographing optical system and the finder optical system in the finder optical system becomes small, and as a result, the lens barrel itself can be downsized.

As described above, the zooming of the finder optical system is performed by the second finder block 56 or 71.
This is performed by moving the finder system rear group block provided in (FIGS. 33 and 47) along the optical axis AX2. Some of the lenses included in this rear view group block
There are some that move exactly the same as the lenses included in the fourth lens group 44a or 63a of the photographing optical system. Such a lens can be held by the same member.

90 and 91 are respectively a perspective view and a front view of a holding member 301 for integrally holding the lens of the photographing optical system and the lens of the finder optical system. In these figures, 302 is a lens of a photographing optical system, 303 is a lens of a finder optical system, and 301a and 301b.
And 301c are arms of the holding member 301. On the inner wall of the lens barrel 304, three grooves (not shown) parallel to the optical axis AX1 of the photographing optical system are formed.
The tips of 01b and 301c engage with these grooves. The holding member 301 is given a driving force for zooming so that the optical axis AX
Move back and forth along 1. Also, when retracted, it moves to the camera body side.

As described above, when the lens of the finder optical system and the lens of the photographing optical system are integrally held by the common holding member, the number of parts is reduced and the internal structure of the lens barrel is simplified. Further, since it is not necessary to set the lens position of the finder optical system and the lens position of the photographing optical system individually, it becomes easy to control the lens position setting in zooming and the like, and an error occurs in the lens position setting of both optical systems. Nothing. The holding member 301
The structure of is not limited to that shown in the figure, and should be set according to the position of the groove formed in the lens barrel and the relative position of the lenses of both optical systems.

Further, an optical element other than the lenses of both optical systems may be held by the holding member 301. For example, FIG.
Total reflection mirror 4 on the optical axis AX1 of the photographing optical system in FIG.
5a and a total reflection mirror 55a of the finder optical system
Is an optical element whose relative position needs to be kept constant,
It is desirable to hold them on a common holding member so as to match the movements in the optical axis direction.

<Arrangement of Shake Correction Unit and Focus Unit> In FIGS. 53 to 55, the shake correction unit is arranged under the lens barrel, but the arrangement position is not limited to the lower portion of the lens barrel. Further, although the two actuators 122 and 124 are arranged along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, respectively, the directions of the actuators are not limited to the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. FIG. 92 shows a perspective view when the image stabilizing unit is arranged in the upper part of the lens barrel. Two actuators 122a orthogonal to each other,
124a is obliquely provided above the image stabilization optical system CL. When the actuators are obliquely arranged in this way, both actuators are driven for horizontal camera shake and both actuators are driven for vertical camera shake.

The arrangement of such an image stabilizing unit is
FIG. 93 schematically shows a front cross section when combined with the cylindrical lens barrel 32a shown in FIG. BAX indicates the central axis of the lens barrel 32a, and the optical axis A of the photographing optical system.
X is shifted downward from the center axis BAX of the lens barrel. The actuators 122a and 124a are located in front of the finder optical system. In the eccentric lens barrel, a large space is created in one side (upper part of the figure) inside the lens barrel, and the actuator can be easily arranged therein. On the side opposite to this space (lower part in the figure), the distance between the inner surface of the lens barrel and the light flux of the photographing optical system becomes narrow.

In FIG. 94, instead of the cylindrical lens barrel 32a,
It is a front sectional view when a lens barrel 32d having an elliptical cross section is used. The major axis of the ellipse is oriented in the vertical direction, and the optical axis AX of the photographing optical system is displaced below the central axis BAX of the lens barrel 32d. The distance between the light flux of the photographic optical system and the inner surface of the lens barrel is the same as that of the cylindrical lens barrel 32a in the vertical direction, but the horizontal direction is the minor axis direction of the ellipse.
It is smaller than in the case of a. As is apparent by comparing FIG. 93 with FIG. 94, the size of the entire lens barrel can be reduced by using the elliptical lens barrel 32d. Since the lens barrel 32d cannot be moved back and forth while being rotated, the lens barrel 32d is configured to be extended only by the straight movement.

Although not shown in FIGS. 92 to 94, the focusing actuator 126 (see FIGS.
5) also the image stabilizing unit, the lens barrels 32a, 3
It is provided above the 2d, that is, in front of the finder optical system.

<< Rotary Lens Barrier Unit >> FIG. 95 shows an example in which the configuration of the lens barrel shown in FIG. 47 is partially changed. The configurations of the lens barrel and the lens group in FIG. 95 are the same as those shown in FIG. 47, and duplicate description will be omitted. In the lens barrier unit 70 of FIG. 47, the lens barrier goes straight from the retracted position to cover the front surface of the first lens group, but in FIG. 95, the lens barrier unit 305 is a rotary type. The lens barrier unit 305 includes a lens barrier 305a and a barrier arm 305b. The end of the barrier arm 305b is supported by a pin provided on the second-third group lens block 62, and the barrier arm 305b is rotatable in the up-down direction about this fulcrum. Further, this end portion is connected to the focus unit 62c via a transmission mechanism (not shown) having a clutch mechanism, and the barrier arm 305b is given rotational force from the focus unit 62c.

In FIG. 95, the lens barrier 305 is in the retracted position in front of the mirror 62g above the first lens group 61a, and is in a state capable of photographing. When the barrier arm 305b rotates downward from this state, the lens barrier 305
a moves to the front of the first lens group 61a to cover and protect the first lens group 61a.

Reference numeral 35 is the above-mentioned macro flash unit.
In this way, the macro flash unit 3 is attached to the front end of the lens barrel.
By disposing 5, the irradiation light is not blocked by the lens barrel. In addition, the macro flash unit 35 uses the optical axis AX
Since it is provided in the vicinity of, the deviation between the irradiation light and the optical axis AX is small, and it is possible to illuminate the center of the shooting area even in macro shooting. Here, the macro flash unit 35
Since is for macro photography, its light emission amount is set small, but if the maximum light emission amount is increased, it can also be used for general flash photography. In that case, it is not necessary to use the flash unit 34 shown in FIGS. 25 and 80, and the camera can be downsized. The irradiation angle of the macro flash unit 35 is set by the zoom flash control unit 4 described above in accordance with the focal length of the optical system.

<< Fly-up Mirror Stop Mechanism >> A mirror stop mechanism when a flip-up movable total reflection mirror is used for switching the optical paths between the photographing optical system and the finder optical system will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 96 is a perspective view of a movable mirror stop mechanism. In the figure, AM1 is the above-mentioned total reflection mirror, 62e is a mirror flip-up mechanism, and 306 is a mirror stopper. Mirror A
The upper end of M1 is supported by the mirror flip-up mechanism 62e, and is vertically rotatable about this support point. The mirror flip-up mechanism 62e has a built-in spring, and its force always urges the mirror AM1 to rotate downward. The mirror flip-up mechanism 62e is
During film exposure, the mirror AM1 is rotated upward against the biasing force of the spring to retract from the optical path of the photographing optical system.

The mirror stopper 306 comprises a stop bar 307 extending in the horizontal direction, an arm 307a directed downward from the stop bar 307, and arms 307b and 307c directed obliquely upward. The stop bar 307 and the arms 307a, 307b, 307c are set in positions and shapes that do not block the optical path of the photographing optical system. The lower part of the rear surface of the mirror AM1 biased downward by the spring contacts the stop bar 307, and stays at a predetermined position on the optical path of the photographing optical system at a predetermined angle.

Reference numerals 308 and 309 are grooves formed in the inner and outer cylinders of the lens barrel having a double structure. These inner cylinder and outer cylinder are, for example, the straight advancing cylinder 51 and the rotary advancing cylinder 50 shown in FIG. The inner cylinder is the optical axis AX of the shooting optical system.
Goes straight forward and backward, and the outer cylinder rotates and moves forward and backward along the optical axis AX of the photographing optical system together with the inner cylinder. The rotation of the outer cylinder is linked to the tele-wide zoom operation, and is also linked to the operation of retracting the lens barrel into the camera body when not in use.

The groove 308 is formed in a straight line parallel to the optical axis AX, and the groove 309 is located in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis AX and a portion 30 located in a plane oblique to the optical axis AX.
9b. The tip of the arm 307a has a groove 308 in the inner cylinder.
And is engaged with the groove 309 of the outer cylinder. Arm 30
7a has a movement in the left-right direction, that is, a direction perpendicular to the optical axis AX of the photographing optical system, regulated by the groove 308 of the inner cylinder, and a movement in the front-back direction by the groove 309 of the outer cylinder. Move back and forth. The tip of the groove 309a is formed to correspond to the tele end of the zoom operation, and the bent portion is formed to correspond to the wide end of the zoom operation. Also,
The tip of the groove 309b corresponds to the stop position of the outer cylinder when retracted. Therefore, the position where the groove 308 intersects with the groove 309 changes according to the rotation of the retractable-wide-telescopic outer cylinder, and accordingly the position of the arm 307a, that is, the position of the mirror stopper 306 also changes back and forth.

Although not shown, the arm 3 of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder
Grooves 308 are also formed in the portions corresponding to the tips of 07b and 307c.
A groove similar to that of 309 is formed, and the mirror stopper 306 is supported at three points. As long as the mirror stopper 306 is securely held in the lens barrel without wobbling, any one of the arms may be used.

FIG. 96A shows a state in which zooming is set at the tele end, and the arm 307a has a groove 308.
It is located at the front end of. At this time, stop bar 307
The mirror AM1 supported on the back of the camera is the optical axis A of the photographing optical system.
It is tilted at 45 ° to X. The light of the photographing optical system is reflected upward and guided to a viewfinder optical system (not shown). When the mirror flip-up mechanism 62e flips up the mirror AM1,
The light of the photographing optical system goes straight without being blocked by the mirror AM1 and is guided to a film (not shown).

Even if the outer cylinder is rotated in this state, until the bent portion of the groove 309 is located at the tip of the arm 307a,
That is, the mirror stopper 306 does not move until the zooming is set to the wide end. That is, the mirror stopper 306 is kept at a fixed position during the zoom operation between the tele-wide and the tilt of the mirror AM1 is also kept constant. When the outer cylinder is further rotated, the arm 307a is guided to the groove 309b and moves rearward. FIG. 96 (b)
Shows a state in which the lens barrel is collapsed and the arm 307 a is moved to the rear end of the groove 308. At this time, mirror A
M1 rotates further downward due to the biasing force of the spring, and is substantially perpendicular to the optical axis AX of the photographing optical system.

The positional relationship of the lenses of the photographing optical system, which changes with the rotation of the outer cylinder, including the mirror AM1, is illustrated in FIG. (A) shows a state where zooming is set at the tele end, and (b) shows a state where zooming is set at the wide end. Each lens and the mirror AM1 are located in front of the wide end at the tele end. However, there is no change in the inclination of the mirror AM1.
(C) shows the retracted state, and the distance between the lenses is narrow. Further, the mirror AM1 is substantially perpendicular to the optical axis AX, and the distance L0 between the lens immediately before the mirror AM1 and the mirror AM1 is also the distance L when the lens is telephoto or wide.
It is narrower than T and LW. As described above, by increasing the tilt of the mirror AM1 when retracted, the total length of the photographing optical system can be shortened and the size of the entire camera can be reduced.

<Arrangement of Operation Member on Fixed Lens Barrel> The arrangement of the operation member will be described. FIG. 98 shows the appearance of a camera having a cylindrical eccentric lens barrel from two different directions. A lens barrel 311 is fixedly installed on the front surface of the camera body 30,
Inside the fixed lens barrel 311, a payout lens barrel 31 which is movable back and forth.
2 is installed. A zoom ring 313 that rotates in the circumferential direction of the lens barrel 311 by a user's manual operation is provided on the front portion of the fixed lens barrel 311. The zoom ring 313 is connected to the above-mentioned switches SZT and SZW, and the switch SZT or SZW is closed in accordance with the direction of rotation of the zoom ring 313, and the extension lens barrel 31.
2 is moved forward or backward for zooming.

A photometric lock button 314 is provided on one side surface of the fixed lens barrel 311. Exposure is not controlled while the photometry lock button 314 is pressed, and exposure control is performed based on the result of photometry immediately before the photometry lock button 314 is operated. On the other surface of the fixed lens barrel 311, a camera shake correction button 315 is provided at a position symmetrical to the photometric lock button 314 with respect to the central axis of the lens barrel 311.
While the camera shake correction button 315 is being pressed, the camera shake correction mechanism including the camera shake sensor 12 and the actuators 122 and 124 described above operates to correct camera shake in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction.

In this camera, the user holds the holding grip 316 and the body 30 with the right hand and supports the fixed lens barrel 311 with the left hand. At this time, by rotating the zoom ring 313 with the thumb and forefinger of the left hand, zooming can be performed in a natural holding posture. Also,
It is possible to operate the photometric lock button 314 with the left thumb and operate the image stabilization button 315 with the left middle finger or the index finger, and the photometric lock and the image stabilization can be performed at the same time.

FIG. 99 shows the appearance of a head-on lens barrel type camera. The fixed lens barrel 311a is fixed to the camera body 30, and the payout lens barrel 312a is mounted inside the fixed lens barrel 311a. Since the lens barrel of this camera cannot be rotated, only the straight-ahead movement is performed to extend the lens barrel 312a.
Make a move. Further, since the rotary zoom ring 313 shown in FIG. 98 cannot be provided, a vertically elongated zoom switch 317 is provided on the side surface of the fixed lens barrel 311a instead of the zoom ring. At the center of the zoom switch 317 in the vertical direction, the extension lens barrel 312 is provided.
A support shaft (not shown) parallel to the moving direction of a is provided, and the zoom switch 317 is rotatable about this support shaft.

The zoom switch 317 is located along the thumb when the fixed lens barrel 311a is held with the left hand, and the user pushes the switch upper portion 317a with the tip of the thumb and pushes the switch lower portion 317b with the belly of the thumb close to the base. You can When the upper portion 317a is pushed in, the switch SZT is closed, and when the lower portion 317b is pushed in, the switch SZW is closed. Thereby, zooming is performed. Although not shown, the fixed lens barrel 311a opposite to the zoom switch 317 is provided.
On the outer surface, the image stabilization button 31 shown in FIG.
5 is provided so that the zooming operation and the camera shake correction operation can be performed at the same time.

Thus, the operating member is arranged on the fixed lens barrel,
If the operating direction and the arrangement position are set so as to be perpendicular to the moving direction of the extension lens barrel, the camera can be reliably held and the operation becomes easy. Although only the operation members for photometry lock, camera shake correction, and zooming are illustrated here, other operation members can be similarly arranged on the fixed lens barrel. Further, when the slide type operation member is provided, it is preferable to set the slide direction so that it is perpendicular to the central axis of the fixed lens barrel.

<< Flash Shooting >> Flash shooting of a camera having a configuration in which the optical path is switched between the shooting optical system and the viewfinder optical system will be described in detail. FIG. 100 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing in the case of performing pre-emission to adjust the light emission amount. The process is started by the S1ON signal, and first, the focus of the subject is adjusted (step S
100), the distance to the subject is calculated using the detection result of the focus state detection element SF or the area sensor SA at this time (S105). Next, the shutter speed and aperture value are set based on the detection result of the photometric element SE (S11
0), and it is further determined from the photometric result whether or not the flash emission is necessary (S115). When it is determined that the subject is sufficiently bright and does not require light emission (S120), the process proceeds to step S160.

When it is determined that light emission is necessary, the light emission amount of the flash unit 34 is set to about 1/10 of the light emission amount at the time of photographing, and pre-light emission is performed (S125). At this time, S10
The light emission amount may be adjusted according to the distance to the subject calculated in 5. The light radiated to the subject and reflected is detected by the light control element SL (S130), and the detected light amount is stored (S135). Then, the light emission amount for illuminating the subject to the optimum brightness is calculated from the light amount and the aperture value set at that time (S140).

At this time, the subject distance is taken into consideration so that the exposure is slightly underexposed when the subject is closer than the predetermined distance and slightly overexposed when the subject is farther than the other predetermined distance. You may make it set the optimal light emission amount. This is because, in general, when the optimal light emission amount is calculated by the pre-light emission, a subject at a short distance tends to be overexposed and a subject at a long distance tends to be underexposed. Further, when an object having a high reflectance, such as a mirror, exists within the photographing range, the amount of reflected light detected by the pre-emission may be abnormally large. In this case, it can be judged from the distance of the subject that the detection value of the light control element SL is abnormal. In such a case, the optimum light emission amount may be set based on the distance to the subject.

Next, it is determined whether or not the aperture value has been changed after the pre-light emission in S125 (S145). When the aperture value is changed, the dimming value stored in S135 is read (S150), and the light emission amount is recalculated (S15).
5). When the aperture value has not been changed, it may be determined in S145 whether or not the aperture value needs to be changed. If the aperture value is set to a large value (that is, the aperture diameter is small) and the subject does not have sufficient brightness even if the maximum amount of light is emitted, the stored dimming value is read (S150) and the aperture value is set. Is changed and the light emission amount is recalculated (S155). With this, the flash unit 34 is ready to emit light.

When the S2ON signal for instructing the start of exposure is received (S160), the mirror is flipped up to retract from the optical path of the photographing optical system (S165), and the shutter is opened (S17).
0). This starts the exposure of the film. S11
If it is determined in step 5 that light emission is required (S17)
5), the optimal amount calculated in S140 or S155 is emitted from the flash unit 34 to illuminate the subject (S18).
0). After that, the shutter is closed (S185). This completes one shot, but the following processing is performed to perform continuous flash photography and multiple exposure.

It is judged whether or not the user has taken a predetermined number of times (S190), and if the predetermined number of times have been taken, the mirror is returned (S220) and the film is advanced by one frame (S225). finish. If the photographing of the predetermined number of times has not been completed, the process proceeds to step S200. As in the usual case, when only one frame is photographed without performing multiple exposure, the processing after S200 is not performed.
In continuous flash photography, it is possible to select a method of keeping the light emission amount constant or a method of changing it.
When it is set to change the light emission amount (S
200), the brightness of the subject is a little (for example, 1
(3/3 EV value) so that the amount of light emission is recalculated (S
205).

Then, it is determined whether or not the multiple exposure is set (S210), the multiple exposure is directly performed to S170, the multiple exposure is not performed, the film is advanced by one frame (S215), and then the process returns to S170. . Hereinafter, the processing from S170 onward is repeated until it is determined in S190 that the predetermined number of times of shooting has been completed.

FIG. 101 is a flow chart showing the flow of processing in the case of adjusting the light emission amount according to the distance to the subject. Processing is started by the S1ON signal, focus adjustment is performed on the subject (step S300), and the distance to the subject is calculated using the detection result of the focus state detection element SF or the area sensor SA at this time (S30).
5). Next, the shutter speed and the aperture value are set based on the detection result of the photometric element SE (S310), and it is determined from the photometric result whether or not the flash emission is necessary (S315). When it is determined that light emission is not necessary (S3
In step 20), the process proceeds to step S360.

If it is determined that light emission is necessary, S
The light emission amount of the flash unit 34 is set according to the distance to the subject calculated in 305 (S325), and the aperture value is also set to match the light emission amount (S330). When the subject is close, the light emission amount is set small and the aperture value is set large, and when the subject is far, the light emission amount is set large and the aperture value is set small. Then, the process proceeds to S360.

When the S2ON signal for instructing the start of exposure is received (S360), the mirror is flipped up to retract from the optical path of the photographing optical system (S365), and the shutter is opened (S37).
0). This starts the exposure of the film. When it has been determined that light emission is necessary (S375), the amount set in S325 is emitted from the flash unit 34 with the aperture open to the value set in S330 (S38).
0). After that, the shutter is closed (S385).

The processing of steps S390 to S425 is for performing continuous flash photography and multiple exposure, and is the same as steps S190 to S225 of FIG.

<< Zoom During Exposure >> The camera according to the present invention can perform zoom during exposure. That is, when the shutter is open, changing the focal length of the shooting optical system,
Change the shooting angle of view. The inter-exposure zoom is divided into a manual zoom in which the focal length is changed by a user's manual operation and an automatic zoom in which the focal length is changed according to a preset program. Also,
It is also possible to operate the image stabilization mechanism when performing the zoom between exposures.

By operating the image stabilization mechanism,
Even if you release the shutter for a relatively long time, you can shoot high quality images without blurring. That is, it becomes possible to increase the shutter speed by performing the camera shake correction.

With the manual zoom, the focal length of the photographing optical system can be changed from any distance to any distance. In addition to changing the focal length in one direction from the wide side to the tele side or from the tele side to the wide side, depending on the intention of the user, for example, the focal point is to change from the wide side to the tele side and then return to the wide side. It is also possible to make complicated changes in distance.

The auto zoom changes the focal length in one direction from the wide side to the tele side and from the tele side to the wide side. In the auto zoom, the speed of change in the focal length when the image stabilization mechanism is operated is set to be slower than the speed when the mechanism is not operated. Further, when the camera shake is corrected, the zoom start focal length and the zoom end focal length are predetermined, and the shutter speed is also a predetermined value (1
/ 30 to 2 seconds). On the other hand, when the camera shake is not corrected, the focal length set at that time becomes the zoom start focal length.

FIG. 102 shows a programmed line of the change in the focal length of the photographing optical system in auto zoom, and the change in the focal length in manual zoom. In FIG. 102, the dotted line LM is an example of the change in focal length due to manual zoom. The horizontal axis represents the time after the shutter starts to open, and the shutter closes at the point on the horizontal axis corresponding to the set shutter speed. The shutter speed when the camera shake is not corrected is a predetermined value TC1, and the shutter speed when the camera shake is corrected is a predetermined value TC2.

The vertical axis represents the focal length of the photographing optical system, and LN
w and LNt are the program line when camera shake is not corrected, LA
w and LAt represent program lines at the time of camera shake correction.
Lines LNw and LAw show changes from the wide side to the tele side, and lines LNt and LAt show changes from the tele side to the wide side. Regardless of the presence or absence of camera shake correction, the focal length of the photographing optical system is kept at the zoom start focal length for a predetermined period immediately after the start of zooming during exposure.

During the period in which the focal length is not changed, the image forming position of the light on the film surface becomes constant, and a core image is formed. Here, an example is shown in which the focal length is fixed immediately after the start of the inter-exposure zoom, but it is also possible to set the focal length to be constant immediately before the end of the inter-exposure zoom.

Lines LNw and LN when camera shake is not corrected
t moves up or down depending on the zoom start focal length. The lines LAw and LAt at the time of camera shake correction do not change. The magnitude of the inclination of the program line represents the rate of change of the focal length, but the program lines LAw, LAt
Is set smaller than the slopes of the lines LNw and LNt. Therefore, the during-exposure zoom during camera shake correction is performed at a lower speed than the during-exposure zoom during camera shake non-correction.

Whether or not the camera shake correction mechanism is operated is determined by, for example, whether or not the camera shake correction button 315 shown in FIG. 98 (b) is operated. Further, whether the focal length is changed from the wide side to the tele side or in the opposite direction, that is, between the program lines LNw, LAw and the lines LNt, LAt is selected by operating a switch (not shown).

As described above, the camera shake correction is performed by detecting the camera shake and driving the camera shake correction actuators 122 and 124 accordingly, but it takes some time. Even if the camera shake amount is constant, the amount of driving the actuators 122 and 124 varies depending on the focal length of the photographing optical system. Therefore, in order for the camera shake correction mechanism to function properly, the focal length of the photographing optical system must not be changed too fast.

For this reason, for the zoom during exposure of the camera according to the present invention, the manual zoom is prohibited during the operation of the camera shake correction mechanism. Further, the speed of change in the focal length during camera shake correction, that is, the inclinations of the program lines LAw and LAt are set within a range in which the camera shake correction mechanism functions properly. Since the inclinations of the program lines LAw and LAt and the inclinations of the program lines LNw and LNt are different, the captured image is different between when the camera shake is corrected and when the camera shake is not corrected.

Here, the program line LAw,
Lines LNw and LNt when the shake of the LAt is not corrected
However, as long as the camera shake correction mechanism functions properly following the change in the focal length of the photographing optical system, the inclinations of the lines LAw and LAt are set to the lines LNw and LN.
It may be set larger than t.

Although not shown, a screw hole for fixing and using the tripod is provided in the lower portion of the camera body 30, and a switch for detecting that the tripod is fixed is provided in the vicinity of the screw hole. There is. When this switch detects that the camera is fixed to a tripod and zooms between exposures in that state, both automatic zooming and manual zooming can be performed regardless of whether the camera shake correction mechanism is operated. In the automatic zoom in this case, the shutter speed is set to be longer than the predetermined value TC2.

The setting procedure for the inter-exposure zoom is shown in FIG.
Is shown in the flowchart of FIG. First, in step S505, it is determined whether or not camera shake correction is performed. When performing camera shake correction, the manual zoom is prohibited and only the automatic zoom is performed in S510. Next, in S515, a program line is selected. Specifically, line L in FIG.
Select either Aw or LAt. At this time, the shutter speed is also determined. Then, in step S520, the focal length of the taking lens is set to the zoom start focal length according to the selected program line.

If the camera shake is not corrected, it is determined in S525 which one of the auto and manual zoom methods is to be selected. When performing auto zoom, the program line is selected in S530. Specifically, L in FIG.
Either Nw or LNt will be selected. At the same time, the shutter speed is set. Next, the focal length of the taking lens at the start of zooming is manually set. When performing manual zooming, the user manually sets the focal length and shutter speed at the start of zooming in step S540. By such setting processing, zooming during exposure becomes possible (S545).

The processing for correcting the camera shake during the zoom between exposures will be described with reference to the flowchart in FIG. Steps S605 to S645 show the processing of the microcomputer μC1 that controls the entire camera.
0 to S690 represent processes of the microcomputer μC2 that performs control related to camera shake correction. The microcomputer μC1 starts the control process of the in-exposure zoom by the S1ON signal by the first stroke of the release button. First, in step S605, photometry is performed to set the aperture value, and in step S610, autofocus processing is performed so that the subject is in focus.

Next, in S615, a command for starting camera shake detection is given to the microcomputer μC2, and in S620, the S2ON signal issued by the second stroke of the release button is awaited. S2
When receiving the ON signal, an exposure start command is issued in S625. This command is given to the microcomputer μC2 and also to the exposure control unit 3 so that the shutter unit 6
The 2f shutter opens. In S630, the microcomputer μC1
Changes the focal length of the photographing optical system via the zoom drive unit 6 according to the set program line.

If it is determined in S635 that the set shutter speed time has elapsed, an exposure end command is issued in S640. This command is also given to the microcomputer μC2 and the exposure controller 3 to close the shutter. Then, S
At 645, the film is advanced one frame to prepare for the next shooting.

Upon receiving the camera shake detection command issued in S615 in S650, the microcomputer μC2 sets the camera shake correction optical system CL (FIG. 55) in the initial position in S655, and starts camera shake detection and correction amount calculation. To do. Specifically, S
The camera shake sensor 12 is integrated in 660, the output is A / D converted in S662, and the camera shake amount is calculated in S664. Further, the focal length of the photographing optical system at that time is detected in S666, and the correction amount is calculated in S668 based on the calculated blur amount and the detected focal length. After that, S62
The processes of S660 to S668 are repeated until it is detected in S670 that the exposure start command of 5 is issued.

When an exposure start command is given, the microcomputer μ
C2 is S675, and the camera shake correction optical system CL is driven according to the correction amount calculated in S668. Then, S6
At 80, the same camera shake detection and correction amount calculation as at S660 to S668 are performed, and the camera shake correction optical system CL is driven at S685 according to the calculated correction amount. Shake detection and correction
The process is repeated until the exposure end command is detected in S690.

The method of inter-exposure zoom shown here is not limited to the camera using the exemplified lens shutter, but can be applied to a camera equipped with a focal plane shutter. As shown in the program line of FIG. 102, since the focal length is kept constant for a predetermined period immediately after the start of the auto zoom operation, the focal plane shutter can be fully opened within this period, and the zoom between exposures can be performed. The effect appears over the exposed surface of the film. However, when changing the focal length immediately after starting auto-zoom with a camera having a focal plane shutter, the change in focal length appears only in a part of the film, and the effect of zooming during exposure is not uniform.

In such a case, zooming may be started when the shutter is fully opened. 105A and 105B show the relationship between the opening / closing operation of the focal plane shutter and the lens shutter and time. Periods TF1 and TF2 are periods in which the focal plane shutter is fully opened and periods in which the lens shutter is opened to the set aperture value. During this period TF1
When the focal length is changed only to TF2, the effect of zooming during exposure appears over the entire exposed surface of the film, and a good quality captured image is obtained.

The manual zoom may be performed by mechanically transmitting the amount of manual operation by the user, for example, the amount of rotation of the zoom ring to the lens for adjusting the focal length. However, in the automatic zoom, it is necessary to drive by a motor, and it is preferable to use the power zoom using a motor for the manual zoom because the camera structure can be simplified.

[0306]

According to the camera of the present invention, the total length of the photographing optical system when not in use can be shortened without impairing the function of the photographing optical system for changing the optical path of the optical path switching means during use. Therefore, the lens barrel can be housed in the camera body when not in use to reduce the size of the entire camera. Further, by guiding the light of the photographing optical system whose optical path has been changed to the finder, a finder image without parallax can be observed.

In the camera of claim 2, the direction of the optical path switching means automatically changes in association with the movement of the lens barrel in the camera body and the extension of the lens barrel.
The camera can be operated easily. In addition, it is possible to take a picture immediately when using.

In the camera of claim 3, since the size of the camera when not in use can be made small and the mirror which can be formed thin and lightweight is used, the mirror can be quickly and externally operated by a small force. Can be moved to.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an optical configuration diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a camera having a basic configuration of a light beam splitting type.

FIG. 2 is an optical configuration diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a light beam splitting type camera having a relay lens in a finder optical system.

FIG. 3 is an optical configuration diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a camera having an optical path switching type basic configuration.

FIG. 4 is an optical configuration diagram schematically showing an embodiment of an optical path switching type camera having a relay lens in a finder optical system.

FIG. 5 is an optical configuration diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a light beam splitting type camera having a diffusion plate and a photometric element.

FIG. 6 is an optical configuration diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a light beam splitting type camera having a diffusion plate, a photometric element, and a relay lens.

FIG. 7 is an optical configuration diagram schematically showing an embodiment of an optical path switching type camera having a diffusion plate and a photometric element.

FIG. 8 is an optical configuration diagram schematically showing an embodiment of an optical path switching type camera having a diffusion plate, a photometric element, and a relay lens.

FIG. 9 is an optical configuration diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a light beam splitting type camera having a focus state detection element.

FIG. 10 is an optical configuration diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a light beam splitting type camera having a focus state detection element and a relay lens.

FIG. 11 is an optical configuration diagram schematically showing an embodiment of an optical path switching type camera having a focus state detection element.

FIG. 12 is an optical configuration diagram schematically showing an embodiment of an optical path switching type camera having a focus state detection element and a relay lens.

FIG. 13 is an optical configuration diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a light beam splitting type camera having an area sensor.

FIG. 14 is an optical configuration diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a light beam splitting type camera having an area sensor and a relay lens.

FIG. 15 is an optical configuration diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a light beam splitting type camera having a diffusion plate, a light control element, and a photometric element.

FIG. 16 is an optical configuration diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a light beam splitting type camera having a diffusion plate, a light control element, a photometric element, and a relay lens.

FIG. 17 is an optical configuration diagram schematically showing an embodiment of an optical path switching type camera having a diffusion plate, a light control element, and a photometric element.

FIG. 18 is an optical configuration diagram schematically showing an embodiment of an optical path switching type camera having a diffusion plate, a light control element, a photometric element, and a relay lens.

FIG. 19 is an optical configuration diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a light beam splitting type camera having a photometric element above a half mirror.

FIG. 20 is an optical configuration diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a light beam splitting type camera having a photometric element above the front group.

FIG. 21 is an optical configuration diagram schematically showing an embodiment of an optical path switching type camera having a photometric element above a half mirror.

FIG. 22 is an optical configuration diagram schematically showing an embodiment of an optical path switching type camera having a photometric element above the front group.

23 is an embodiment of the camera shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is an optical configuration diagram for explaining a light receiving position of a photometric element.

FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram showing a photometric / focus state detection area of a camera embodying the present invention.

FIG. 25 is an external front view showing an embodiment of a camera having a lens barrel having a multistage extension structure.

26 is an external side view showing the camera shown in FIG. 25 in a telescopic state, a wide state, and a retracted state.

27 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a tele state, a wide state, and a collapsed state of the camera shown in FIG.

FIG. 28 is an external perspective view showing an embodiment of a camera having a lens barrel having a one-stage extension structure.

FIG. 29 is an external perspective view showing another embodiment of a camera having a lens barrel having a one-stage extension structure.

FIG. 30 is an external perspective view showing another embodiment of a camera having a lens barrel having a one-stage extension structure.

FIG. 31 is a perspective view showing appearances of a half mirror and a total reflection mirror provided in a lens barrel of a camera embodying the present invention.

FIG. 32 is a perspective view showing the outer appearance of a prism having a light-semitransmissive reflecting surface provided in the lens barrel of a camera embodying the present invention.

FIG. 33 is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically showing a lens barrel that is independent of each block and forms a part of a camera in which the present invention is implemented.

34 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the outer appearance of each element that forms the lens barrel shown in FIG. 33. FIG.

35 is a perspective view showing an assembled state of a finder block provided in the lens barrel shown in FIG. 33.

36 is a perspective view showing the outer appearance of a third finder block provided in the lens barrel shown in FIG. 33. FIG.

37 is a perspective view showing the outer appearance of a fourth finder block arranged in the upper part of the camera body to which the lens barrel shown in FIG. 33 is attached.

38 is a perspective view showing another assembled state of the finder block provided in the lens barrel shown in FIG. 33. FIG.

FIG. 39 is a perspective view showing a mounted state of a finder system rear group block provided in the lens barrel shown in FIG. 33.

40 is a perspective view showing how the diffusion plate is attached to the third finder block provided in the lens barrel shown in FIG. 33. FIG.

41 is a perspective view showing another attachment state of the diffusion plate to the third finder block provided in the lens barrel shown in FIG. 33.

42 is an optical path diagram showing an optical path of a finder system in the lens barrel shown in FIG. 33 and the camera body to which the lens barrel is attached.

43 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a finder system in a longitudinal sectional structure of the lens barrel shown in FIG. 33 and a camera body to which the lens barrel is attached.

44 is a perspective view schematically showing the optical path of the finder system when the camera body to which the lens barrel shown in FIG. 33 is attached is viewed from the front side.

45 is a perspective view schematically showing the optical path of the finder system when the camera body to which the lens barrel shown in FIG. 33 is attached is viewed from the upper side.

46 is a perspective view schematically showing an optical path of a finder system in a state where a photometric element is arranged on the camera body shown in FIG. 45.

FIG. 47: Part of a camera implementing the invention, 2,
FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically showing a lens barrel having a block in which three groups are integrated.

48 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the outer appearance of each element that constitutes the lens barrel shown in FIG. 47. FIG.

FIG. 49 is a 2-3 provided inside the lens barrel shown in FIG. 47;
The perspective view which shows the external appearance and internal structure of a group lens block.

FIG. 50 is a perspective view schematically showing a viewfinder system configuration of a camera embodying the present invention together with a photographing system.

FIG. 51 is a perspective view schematically showing another finder system configuration of a camera embodying the present invention together with a photographing system.

FIG. 52 is a perspective view schematically showing another finder system configuration of a camera embodying the present invention together with a photographing system.

FIG. 53 is a perspective view showing the outer appearance of a camera shake correction unit suitable for a camera embodying the present invention.

54 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which the camera shake correction unit shown in FIG. 53 is mounted in the lens barrel.

55 is a front view showing a state in which the camera shake correction unit shown in FIG. 53 is mounted in the lens barrel.

FIG. 56 is a block diagram showing a control configuration of a light beam splitting type camera which embodies the present invention.

FIG. 57 is a block diagram showing a control configuration of an optical path switching type camera embodying the present invention.

FIG. 58 is a circuit diagram showing the flash emission control unit in FIGS. 56 and 57.

FIG. 59 is a main switch S of a camera embodying the present invention.
The flowchart which shows the control operation which interrupts by turning ON M.

FIG. 60 is a main switch S of a camera embodying the present invention.
The flowchart which shows the control operation which interrupts by OFF of M.

FIG. 61 is a flowchart showing a subroutine of a lens barrel extension operation from a retracted state in a camera embodying the present invention.

FIG. 62 is a flowchart showing a subroutine of a lens barrel retraction operation to a retracted state in a camera embodying the present invention.

FIG. 63: O of the switch S1 of the camera embodying the present invention
The flowchart which shows the subroutine started by N.

FIG. 64 is a flowchart showing a subroutine for resetting a flag used for controlling the camera embodying the present invention.

FIG. 65 is a flow chart showing an AF subroutine of a camera embodying the present invention.

FIG. 66 is a flowchart showing a defocus adjustment subroutine of the camera embodying the present invention.

FIG. 67 is a flowchart showing a photometric subroutine of a camera embodying the present invention.

FIG. 68 is a flow chart showing an exposure calculation subroutine of a camera embodying the present invention.

FIG. 69 is a flowchart showing a zoom subroutine of the camera in which the present invention is implemented.

FIG. 70 is a flowchart showing a correction subroutine for executing focus correction associated with zooming in the camera embodying the present invention.

FIG. 71: O of the switch S2 of the camera embodying the present invention
The flowchart which shows the subroutine started by N.

FIG. 72 is a flowchart showing an exposure control subroutine of a camera embodying the present invention.

FIG. 73 is a flowchart showing a shutter closing subroutine of the camera embodying the present invention.

FIG. 74 is a flowchart showing a flash control subroutine of a light beam splitting type camera which embodies the present invention.

FIG. 75 is a flowchart showing a flash control subroutine of an optical path switching type camera that implements the present invention.

FIG. 76 is a flowchart showing a pre-light emission subroutine of an optical path switching type camera that implements the present invention.

FIG. 77 is a flowchart showing a shooting mode subroutine of the camera according to the present invention.

FIG. 78 is a flowchart showing the control operation of camera shake interruption of a light beam splitting type camera which embodies the present invention.

FIG. 79 is a flowchart showing the control operation of camera shake interruption of the optical path switching type camera that implements the present invention.

FIG. 80 is an external front view showing an embodiment of a camera including a macro flash unit on the upper front surface of the lens barrel.

FIG. 81 is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically showing a lens barrel having a block in which groups 1, 4, and 2, 3 are integrated, which form a part of a head-on lens barrel type camera according to the present invention.

82 is a first part of a camera embodying the present invention; FIG.
Sectional drawing which shows typically the lens barrel which has the block by which the lens group and the 2nd lens group were integrated.

83 is a perspective view showing the focus adjustment section provided inside the lens barrel of FIG. 82, taken out.

84 is an arrangement of the first lens group and the second lens group in the zoom lens barrel having two lens groups (FIG. 84 (a)), and zoom curves required for each of these (FIG. 84 (b)). The figure which shows typically.

FIG. 85 is a view in which the first lens group and the second lens group are integrated into 2
The figure which shows typically the locus | trajectory of each lens group when adjusting the position of a 2nd lens group at the time of zooming in a group lens structure.

[FIG. 86] A second lens unit in which the first lens group and the second lens group are integrated.
The figure which shows typically the locus | trajectory of each lens group when adjusting the position of a 1st lens group at the time of zooming in a group lens structure.

87 is an arrangement of the first to fourth lens groups ((a) in the same figure) in a zoom lens barrel having four lens groups;
Zoom curve required for each of these ((b) in the same figure)
The figure which shows typically.

FIG. 88 is a diagram showing a combination of the second lens group 3 and the third lens group 4
The figure which shows typically the locus | trajectory of each lens group when adjusting the position of a 2nd lens group at the time of zooming in a group lens structure.

FIG. 89 is a view showing a combination of the second lens unit 4 and the fourth lens unit 4
The figure which shows typically the locus | trajectory of each lens group when adjusting the position of a 2nd lens group at the time of zooming in a group lens structure.

FIG. 90 is a perspective view of a holding member that integrally holds the lenses of the photographing optical system and the finder optical system.

FIG. 91 is a front view showing a state in which a holding member that integrally holds the lenses of the photographing optical system and the finder optical system is arranged inside the lens barrel.

FIG. 92 is a perspective view of a main part of a configuration in which a camera shake correction unit is arranged in an upper portion inside a lens barrel.

FIG. 93 is a front view of a configuration in which a camera shake correction unit is arranged in an upper portion inside a cylindrical lens barrel.

FIG. 94 is a front view of a configuration in which a camera shake correction unit is arranged in an upper portion inside a lens barrel having an elliptical cross section.

FIG. 95 is a vertical sectional view of a lens barrel provided with a rotary lens barrier unit.

96 is a perspective view of a movable mirror stop mechanism. FIG.

FIG. 97 is a diagram schematically showing the relative position of a photographing optical system that employs a movable mirror stop mechanism.

FIG. 98 is a perspective view showing the outer appearance of a camera in which an operating member is arranged on a cylindrical fixed lens barrel.

FIG. 99 is a perspective view showing the outer appearance of a camera in which an operating member is provided on a fixed-to-appearance fixed lens barrel.

FIG. 100 is a flowchart showing a processing flow of flash photography in which pre-emission is performed to adjust the light emission amount.

FIG. 101 is a flowchart showing the flow of flash photography processing for adjusting the amount of light emission according to the distance to the subject.

FIG. 102 is a diagram showing changes in the focal length of the photographing optical system during zooming during exposure.

103 is a flowchart showing the flow of a setting process for zooming during exposure.

FIG. 104 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing when image stabilization is performed by zooming during exposure.

FIG. 105 is a diagram showing a relationship between opening / closing operations of a focal plane shutter and a lens shutter and time.

[Explanation of symbols]

 L1 ... Front group L2 ... Imaging system rear group L3 ... Viewfinder system rear group LR ... Relay lens LE ... Eyepiece HM1 ... Half mirror HM2 ... Half mirror HM3 ... Half mirror AM1 ... Total reflection mirror AM2 ... Total reflection mirror AM3 ... Total reflection Mirror SE Photometric element SL Dimming element SF Focusing state detection element SA Area sensor P1 Diffuser I1 Primary image plane I1a Primary image plane I2 Secondary image plane μC1 Microcomputer μC2 Camera shake control Microcomputer 1 ... Display unit 2 ... Photometry unit 3 ... Exposure control unit 4 ... Zoom flash control unit 5 ... Flash light emission control unit 6 ... Zoom drive unit 7 ... Zoom encoder 8 ... Focus detection unit 9 ... Focus drive unit 10 ... Focus Lens position encoder 11 ... Winding control unit 12 ... Camera shake sensor 13 ... X-direction drive unit 4 ... Y direction drive section 15 ... X direction lens position encoder 16 ... Y direction lens position encoder 17 ... Mirror control section 30 ... Camera body 32 ... Lens barrel 34 ... Flash section 35 ... Macro flash section 36 ... Release button 41 ... 1 group Lens block 41a First lens group 41b First group lens holding frame 42 Second group lens block 42a Second lens group 42b Second group lens holding frame 42c Focus unit 43 Third group lens block 43a Third lens group 43b 3rd group lens holding frame 43c Shutter unit 44 4th group lens block 44a 4th lens group 44b 4th group lens holding frame 44c 4th group moving cam follower arm 45 45 mirror unit 45a Total reflection mirror 45b … Mirror flip-up mechanism 47… Fixed cylinder 48 ... 1st rotation advance cylinder 49 ... 1st rectilinear advance cylinder 50 ... 2nd rotation advancement cylinder 51 ... 2nd rectilinear advance cylinder 52 ... 3rd rectilinear advance cylinder 53 ... 3rd rotation advancement cylinder 54 ... Lens barrier unit 55 ... 1st finder block 55a ... total reflection mirror 56 ... second finder block 56a ... slide groove 57 ... third finder block 57a ... total reflection mirror 57b ... total reflection mirror 58 ... fourth finder block 58a ... total reflection mirror 58b ... total reflection mirror 61 ... 1 Group lens block 61a First lens group 61b First group lens holding frame 62 Second group lens block 62a Second lens group 62b Third lens group 62c Focus unit 62d Total reflection mirror 62e Mirror flip-up Mechanism 62f ... Shutter unit 62g ... Total reflection mirror 6 h ... gear 62i ... gear 62j ... finder section 63 ... fourth group lens block 63a ... fourth lens group 63b ... fourth group lens holding frame 63c ... 4 group moving cam follower arm 63d ... finder section 64 ... fixed tube 65 ... 1 rotation forward cylinder 66 ... 1st rectilinear cylinder 67 ... 2nd rotation forward cylinder 68 ... 2nd rectilinear cylinder 69 ... 3rd rectilinear cylinder 70 ... Lens barrier unit 71 ... Finder block 72 ... Finder block 72a ... Total reflection mirror 80 ... Finder System rear group block 80a ... Guide pin P1a ... Diffusion plate P1b ... Diffusion plate 141 ... Fixed cylinder 141a ... Finder section 142 ... Rotating cylinder 143 ... Straight advance cylinder 143a ... Finder section 143b ... Total reflection mirror 143h ... Hole 144 ... Rotation advance cylinder 145 ... Optical system holding cylinder 145h ... hole 146 ... 1-4 group lens block 146a ... 1st lens group 146b ... 4th lens group 147 ... 2-3 group lens block 147a ... 2nd lens group 147b ... 2 group lens holding frame 147c ... half prism 147d ... shutter Unit 147e ... Third lens group 148 ... Gear 201 ... Fixed barrel 202 ... Rotating forward barrel 203 ... First straight-travel barrel 204 ... Pin 205 ... Second straight-travel barrel 206 ... Second lens frame holding member 207 ... Gear 208 ... Second ball Frame 209 ... Shutter unit 210 ... Focus motor 211 ... First lens frame 212 ... Barrier unit 213 ... First lens group 214 ... Second lens group 301 ... Holding member 302 ... Shooting optical system lens 303 ... Viewfinder optical system lens 305 ... Rotation Type lens barrier unit 306 ... Mirror stock Par 308 Mirror stopper guide groove 309 Mirror stopper guide groove 311 Fixed lens barrel 312 Extend lens barrel 313 Zoom ring 314 Photometric lock button 315 Camera shake correction button 317 Zoom switch BAX Central axis of lens barrel

Front page continued (72) Inventor Toshihiro Hamamura 2-3-13 Azuchi-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Osaka International Building Minolta Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hiroshi Otsuka 2-3-3 Azuchi-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka Osaka International Building Minolta Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hideki Nagata 2-3-13 Azuchi-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka Osaka International Building Minolta Co. (72) Inventor Naoshi Okada 2-3-3 Azuchi-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka No. Osaka International Building Minolta Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A camera in which a lens barrel for accommodating a photographing optical system is accommodated in a camera body when not in use and is extended from the camera body along an optical axis of the photographing optical system when in use, during photographing in use. Located outside the optical path of the taking optical system, advancing onto the optical path of the taking optical system during shooting standby during use, and changing the optical path of the taking optical system toward the first direction, when not in use, A camera characterized in that the lens barrel is provided with an optical path switching unit that is located on an optical path of a photographing optical system and faces a second direction different from the first direction. 2. The optical path switching means is interlocked with a movement of housing the lens barrel in a camera body and a movement of moving the lens barrel out of the camera body so as to direct the lens barrel between the first direction and the second direction. The camera according to claim 1, wherein the camera is changed. 3. The optical path switching means is a mirror, the first direction is a direction in which a reflecting surface of the mirror intersects an optical axis of the photographing optical system, and the second direction is a reflecting surface of the mirror. The camera according to claim 1, wherein is in a direction substantially orthogonal to the optical axis of the photographing optical system.