JPH09158057A - Dyeing of fiber structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve color concentration of a fiber structure without increasing consumption of dye and obtain a fiber structure having high coloring property without lowering the fastness by adding a cationic substance capable of forming a complex with a disperse dye to a fiber and dyeing the fiber with the disperse dye. SOLUTION: In dyeing a fiber such as polyester fiber dyeable with a disperse dye, a cationic substance (e.g. silicon oxide or alumina oxide) capable of enlarging apparent particle diameter by forming an ion complex with the disperse dye is added to the fiber and the fiber is dyed with the disperse dye. Thereby, coloring property in deep dyeing is especially remarkably increased.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a dyeing with a disperse dye such as a polyester fiber, and a dark color fiber structure can be obtained even when the same amount of dye is used as compared with a conventional ordinary dyeing method. The present invention relates to a method for dyeing a fiber structure capable of providing a fiber structure having high color development.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various proposals have been made as a method for improving the coloring property of a fiber structure.

For example, there is a technique for imparting a polymer having a low refractive index to a fiber structure, which is proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-51557. Although this technique certainly improves the color developability, the effect of improving the color developability is not durable, and there is a problem in that the fastness of the dyed product is reduced.

[0004] Further, a method for improving color development by combining inorganic fine particles and a low refractive index polymer is disclosed in JP-A-1-92478, JP-A-1-111072, and JP-A-57-6-6.
6184 and JP-A-57-71475. All of these techniques are to attach silica or alumina to the fiber together with the resin, and have the effect of improving the color developability, but are relatively weak against friction and rubbing, and have the problem that the whitening phenomenon easily occurs. .

Further, as a method of adding silicon oxide for dyeing, there is Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-35072.
This is a technique in which a mixture of silicon oxide and a polyamide-based water-soluble resin is added for dyeing, and silicon oxide is a technique used as a color-developing improving agent, and a water-soluble resin is used as a coating agent for fixing silicon oxide. Although this method improves the color developability, it has a problem that the resin is gradually removed by washing for a long time and the color developability is deteriorated.

All of the above methods have the problem that they are effective for polyester fibers of ordinary thickness, but are less effective for ultrafine fibers having a single fiber fineness of less than 1 denier.

[0007]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a fiber structure which can greatly improve the color density of the fiber structure with the same amount of the dye used and which is free from deterioration in fastness. It is to provide a method for dyeing a structure.

[0008]

The method for dyeing a fiber structure according to the present invention has the following constitution in order to solve the above problems.

That is, when the fiber structure is dyed with a disperse dye, a cationic substance that forms a complex with the disperse dye is added for dyeing, which is a method for dyeing a fiber structure.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

As a result of earnest studies for achieving the above-mentioned object, the present inventors formed an ion complex with the disperse dye to increase the apparent particle size when dyeing the disperse dye dyeable fiber such as polyester fiber. It was found that the addition of a cationic substance for dyeing has a remarkable effect on the improvement of color developability.

The fiber structure in the present invention includes yarns, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, non-woven fabrics and the like containing polyester or acetate fibers dyeable with a disperse dye as a main component.

Among them, those using polyester fibers are preferable, particularly those containing ethylene terephthalate as the main repeating component, specifically, 90 mol% or more, more preferably 95 mol% or more of the repeating units are ethylene terephthalate. The following are preferably used. Incidentally, as a component which may be copolymerized in a small amount with polyester, aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as isophthalic acid, 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as sebacic acid, tetramethylene glycol, Aliphatic diols such as hexamethylene glycol and alicyclic or aromatic diols such as 1,4 cyclohexanedimethanol and bisphenol A can be mentioned.

In the present invention, the fiber structure may be a polyester fiber or a mixture of polyester fiber and other fibers, for example, nylon, acetate, rayon, wool, cotton, hemp, silk or the like. It may be a new one.

In the cationic dye-dyeable polyester fiber, a disperse dye and a cationic dye may be used in combination for dyeing.

In the dyeing method of the present invention, when dyeing a fiber structure with a disperse dye, it is necessary to add a cationic substance that forms a complex with the disperse dye.

The cationic substance is not particularly limited as long as it can form a complex with the disperse dye. Examples thereof include water-soluble polycations, water-insoluble cationic polymer fine powder, and cationic inorganic fine particles.

The apparent dye particle size of the complex of the dye formed is preferably about 1 μm to 1000 μm from the viewpoint of coarsening and precipitating as aggregates to cause uneven dyeing or suppressing dyeing inhibition due to coarsening. .

The cationic substance to be added is preferably in the form of fine particles, particularly inorganic fine particles such as silicon oxide or aluminum oxide. Among them, feather-like, rod-like or granular fine particles are preferably used.
Particularly preferred is feather-like alumina sol.

The particle size of the cationic substance is 5 nm or more and 10 μm
The following is preferred. The amount of the cationic substance added varies depending on the dye concentration and the dispersant for the dye, but if the concentration is low, the effect will not be expressed, and conversely, if the concentration is too high, it will be saturated and meaningless. 0.05% owf-10% owf
(Wt%) is preferred, 0.5% owf to 5% owf (wt%)
Is more preferable.

According to the dyeing method of the present invention, details of the reason why a dyed product excellent in color developability can be obtained with the same amount of dye used as compared with the conventional dyeing method are unknown, but it is considered as follows.

When a cationic substance is added to the anionic disperse dye, an ionic complex is formed, and the apparent dye particle size is increased (the disperse dye particles are larger than the original particles). It is considered that the apparent dye particle size increases and the complex itself becomes cationic, so that the dye easily collects on the surface of the anionically charged fiber structure, and the fiber structure can be deeply dyed. In particular, the effect of the present invention is remarkable in the dyeing of a fiber structure containing ultrafine fibers of less than 1 denier, which was obtained by the conventional method only in low color development.

Further, since the particle size of the ion complex formed by the disperse dye and the cationic substance is large, it is considered that dyeing proceeds in a state where the dye does not easily enter the inside of the fiber structure, and the front and back are effectively colored in dark colors. Can be dyed. As a result, the surface can be dyed in a dark color, and as a result, less dye is required to obtain the color density, so that the fastness is high and the economy is excellent.

The disperse dye used in the dyeing method of the present invention is not particularly limited. Anionic or nonionic dispersants are generally used as dispersants for disperse dyes. Among them, in the present invention, an anionic dispersant is preferably used.

Examples of the anionic dispersant include lignin sulfonate, formalin condensate of naphthalene sulfonate, and formalin condensate of alkylnaphthalene sulfonate. In the present invention, they can form a complex. Although not particularly limited, polyvalent anionic compounds are preferably used.

In the present invention, the dyeing can be carried out under ordinary dyeing conditions, and a dyeing aid such as a pH adjusting agent, a leveling agent or a penetrating agent can be added and used within a range not impairing the effect. After dyeing, if necessary, ordinary reduction washing and finishing conditions may be applied. The washing removes substantially most of the cationic substance.

A method is known in which fine particles such as silica are adhered to the fiber surface together with a resin for the purpose of imparting high color-developing property. The fine particles of the present invention are the same as the known method, except that the silica fine particles are mixed with the fibers. It does not adhere to the surface, it changes the dyeing behavior of the dye by forming a complex with the dye, and it is almost removed from the fiber structure after dyeing, so the texture does not change, and it does not change on the fiber surface. The adhered material does not fall off, so it has excellent durability.

[0028]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples.

Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 10 Polyethylene terephthalate ultrafine fibers (single fiber fineness 0.07)
A denier 100% woven fabric was dyed under the dyeing conditions shown below, and then subjected to ordinary reduction washing to obtain a dyed product.
The color development of the obtained dyed product was evaluated by measuring the L * value.
The L * value indicates that the smaller the number, the higher the color density and the better the color developing property.

Silicon oxide used in Table 1 (Snowtex 20% solid content, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Co., Ltd.) and alumina oxide (alumina sol solid content 10% Nissan Chemical Co., Ltd.)
Manufactured).

<Dyeing conditions> Disperse dye: TD Black D-ERF 20% (owf) (manufactured by Daido Chemix Co., Ltd.) Cationic substance: Inorganic fine particles 20% (owf) shown in Table 1.
. However, in Comparative Example 1, no addition was made.

PH adjusting agent: Ionet PH-500 (Sanyo Kasei Co., Ltd.)
Dyeing temperature: 130 ℃ Dyeing time: 60 minutes

[Table 1] As shown in Table 1, in the dyeing method (Examples 1 to 4) using the cationic inorganic fine particles according to the present invention, the L * value was smaller than that of Comparative Example at the same concentration, that is, the coloring property was high. It was

When the feather-like or rod-like cationic inorganic fine particles were used, the coloring effect was high (Examples 2, 3, 4).

Examples 5 to 12 and Comparative Example 11 Polyethylene terephthalate ultrafine fibers (single fiber fineness 0.19)
Denier) 100% non-woven fabric (Basis weight 370 g / m ² )
Dyeing and reduction washing were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the dyeing temperature was 120 ° C. and the concentration (% owf) of alumina sol 100 (purity: 10%) was changed as shown in Table 2. A dyed product was obtained. The evaluation results of the color developability are shown in Table 2.

[0035]

[Table 2] As shown in Table 2, it is clear that the present invention is effective even in a small amount. Further, in the case of this example, the higher the concentration of alumina sol, the higher the effect, and about 30% owf (purity 3
%), Color saturation was observed.

Examples 13 to 19 and Comparative Examples 12 to 18 Same as Example 1 except that the single fiber fineness (denier) and the fiber structure shown in Table 3 were used and the following dyeing conditions were used. A dyed product was obtained by the method of 1. and the evaluation results are shown in Table 3.

<Dyeing conditions> Dye: Vitasil Black MBT 20% (owf) (manufactured by Matsuura Sangyo Co., Ltd.) Cationic substance: Alumina sol 100 20% (owf). However,
Comparative Examples 12 to 18 were not added.

Dyeing temperature: 120 ° C. when the single fiber fineness is 2 denier (Example 13, Comparative Example 12), and ultrafine yarn having a single fiber fineness of less than 1 denier (Examples 14 to 19 and Comparative Examples 13 to 18) Was 130 ° C.

Dyeing time: 60 minutes

[Table 3] As shown in Table 3, according to the dyeing method of the present invention, it is possible to obtain an excellent color developability by using a yarn of ordinary thickness or an extra fine yarn. It turns out that the effect is remarkable.

Examples 20 to 25, Comparative Examples 19 to 24 Polyethylene terephthalate ultrafine fibers (single fiber fineness 0.19
A dyed product was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a napped fabric made of 100% denier was used and the dye concentrations shown in Table 4 were used under the following dyeing conditions. The evaluation results are shown in Table 4.

The dye fastness shown in Table 4 was evaluated according to JIS L-0841, and the washing was evaluated according to JIS L-0821.

<Dyeing conditions> Dye: Samaron Blue GSL-400 5% (owf) (manufactured by Dyster Japan KK) Cationic substance: Alumina sol 200 30% (owf). However,
Comparative Examples 19 to 24 were not added.

Dyeing temperature: 120 ° C. Dyeing time: 60 minutes

[Table 4] As shown in Table 4, the improvement effect of the present invention is recognized at any dye concentration in chromatic colors.

Also in terms of dyeing fastness, those dyed by the dyeing method according to the present invention are improved as compared with Comparative Examples, and both the coloring property and the dyeing fastness are dyed by the dyeing method according to the present invention. It turns out that the ones that are good.

Further, it is clear from the comparison between Example 22 and Comparative Example 22 that the dyeing method of the present invention requires a small amount of dye used to obtain a dyed product having the same color density. .

Examples 26 to 27, Comparative Examples 25 to 26 Ultrafine fibers made of polyester in which 2.6 wt% of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid and 1 wt% of polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 1000) were copolymerized with polyethylene terephthalate (cationic dye Dye type fiber, Single fiber fineness 0.04
Denier) non-woven fabric (170 g / m ² ) was blended with the following disperse dye and cationic dye, and alumina sol 100 was used as the inorganic fine particles, dyed at 120 ° C. for 60 minutes, and reduced and washed. 5 shows. In addition, in Comparative Examples 25 to 26, no inorganic fine particles were added.

Disperse dye: Vitasil Black MBT Cationic dye: Kayacryl Black M-ED (Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.)
Made)

[Table 5] As shown in Table 5, even if the dyeable fiber of the cationic dye is dyed with the combination of the disperse dye and the cationic dye, the coloring property is high.

[0048]

Industrial Applicability According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a dyed product which has a small amount of dye used for dyeing and is excellent in color development, that is, a dyeing method for a fiber structure having a high dye utilization efficiency. In particular, it is possible to provide a dyeing method in which the color developability in dark-colored dyeing is greatly increased and the dyeing fastness is not deteriorated, and the industrial value is extremely high.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. When dyeing a fiber structure with a disperse dye,
A method for dyeing a fiber structure, which comprises adding a cationic substance that forms a complex with the disperse dye and dyeing. 2. The method for dyeing a fiber structure according to claim 1, wherein the cationic substance is in the form of fine particles. 3. The method for dyeing a fiber structure according to claim 1, wherein the cationic substance is silicon oxide or alumina oxide. 4. The method for dyeing a fiber structure according to claim 3, wherein the silicon oxide or the alumina oxide has a feather shape. 5. The method for dyeing a fiber structure according to claim 1, wherein the fiber structure is made of a polyester fiber. 6. The method for dyeing a fiber structure according to claim 1, wherein the surface layer portion of the fiber structure contains polyester-based ultrafine fibers having a denier of less than 1 denier.