JPH09154228A - Power line monitor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a monitor which is small in size and can be used easily and can operate accurately. SOLUTION: This device is constituted of a signal generator 16 which generates standard signals for a commercial power supply, an arithmetic control circuit 13 which compares a standard signal waveform and a commercial power waveform and then outputs the details of the comparison result and the time data at that time when the comparison result is out of an allowable range, and a storage circuit 18 which stores these data. In this device, it is detected whether the commercial line voltage is 100V or 200V and 50Hz or 60Hz and a signal to instruct to switch the standard voltage waveform to the one appropriate for the commercial line voltage is generated. Then, the appropriate standard signals are sent to the arithmetic control circuit 13. When a trouble occurs during monitoring, the details of the trouble and the date and time of the trouble are stored in a storage circuit 18. An indicator displays the data accordingly. Since the device is connected online to an information processing equipment, standing waveforms can be confirmed or analyzed at any time on a real time basis.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a commercial power supply line voltage abnormality, frequency abnormality, instantaneous voltage drop, instantaneous voltage increase,
The present invention relates to a power line monitoring device capable of observing and analyzing a power waveform by detecting an instantaneous power failure. More specifically, the present invention relates to a device that can be applied to a stable commercial power source and a countermeasure for the electronic device by separating the malfunction of the electronic device and the problem of the commercial power source line.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional power line monitoring device has a large size and many functions for detecting voltage, current, power, frequency, harmonic current and the like. This device is a passage type device that is arranged between the commercial power supply line 10 and the electronic device in order to detect current and electric power. Therefore, the device becomes large,
It requires a large area for installation and is expensive.

[0003]

Recently, a large number of electronic devices using a capacitor input type have been used in a rectifying / smoothing circuit of an input power supply. However, it has been reported that the harmonic current due to this capacitor input type causes malfunction of power generation / transformation equipment, damage of power factor improving inductance and capacitor, malfunction of electronic equipment, and the like.

The generation of the harmonic current in the commercial power source line directly appears as voltage distortion in the commercial power source line, and can be observed by monitoring the voltage waveform of the commercial power source line. FIG.
An example in which an abnormal waveform is generated in the sine wave of the commercial power line is shown. Further, FIG. 5 shows the number of abnormal occurrences (occurrence of instantaneous voltage drop) of the commercial power supply line in recent years. According to this FIG. 5, the number of abnormalities in the commercial power supply line is 12 times / year in total for one year, and the degree of voltage drop is 20%.
It can be seen that the number of times exceeds the number of times is 5 times / year. The term "times / year" here means the number of times per year for one line of a 6.6 kV high-voltage distribution line. However, these times are
This is different from the number of times electronic devices are actually adversely affected.

Abnormal voltage of the commercial power supply line as described above
Abnormal frequency, momentary voltage drop, momentary power failure, etc., may damage the power supply circuit of electronic equipment, have a large impact on memory circuits that do not have a backup function, or electronic equipment that operates in synchronization with commercial frequencies. Is clear.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a power supply line monitoring device which is small in size, easy to use, and operates reliably.

[0007]

According to the present invention, a reference signal generating circuit 16 for outputting a reference waveform signal of a commercial power supply, a reference waveform signal of the reference signal generating circuit 16 and a commercial power supply line 1 are provided.
An operation control circuit 13 that compares the commercial power supply waveform taken from 0 to determine whether or not it is within an allowable range, and outputs the content of the abnormality and the time data when the abnormality occurs, when it is outside the allowable range.
A power supply line monitoring device comprising a storage circuit 18 for storing these data.

[0008]

The sine wave voltage waveform of the commercial power line 10 is rectified by the rectifier circuit 12. The automatic voltage switching circuit 14 has 10
The 0V system or the 200V system is detected, and the frequency automatic switching circuit 15 detects whether it is 50Hz or 60Hz and outputs a signal for instructing switching of a suitable reference voltage waveform.
The adapted reference signal is sent from the reference signal generation circuit 16 to the arithmetic control circuit 13.

In a mode in which abnormal data is accumulated in the internal storage device 18 and is then observed / analyzed by the information processing device 38, the data rectified and taken in from the commercial power supply line 10 is constantly compared with the reference signal. Enter surveillance. If there is no abnormality during monitoring, the alarm display lamp 41, the error display lamp 43, and the mode display lamps 42a, 42 of the display device 31 are displayed.
b is turned on or off in a corresponding state. When any of the abnormal states occurs, the abnormality content at that time and the date and time based on the time data at the time of the abnormality occurrence from the clock circuit 19 are stored in the storage circuit 18. The display device 31 also makes a corresponding display. Next, in the remote mode in which the information processing device 38 is online connected to constantly observe / analyze, without using the built-in memory circuit 18,
Through the communication interface 33, the steady waveform can be confirmed and analyzed on the personal computer 38 at all times in real time, and the data can be continuously stored in the memory 39.

[0010]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a principle block diagram showing a power supply line monitoring device 34 of the present invention. A power supply input terminal 11 for connecting to a commercial power supply line 10, a rectifier circuit 12, an arithmetic control circuit 13, and a voltage automatic switching circuit 14 are provided. , Frequency automatic switching circuit 15, reference signal generating circuit 16, backup circuit 1
7, a memory circuit 18, a clock circuit 19, and an interface circuit 20.

Further details will be described with reference to FIG. A rectifier circuit 12 for a signal system and a noise filter for a power system that take in a sinusoidal voltage waveform of the commercial power line 10 through a power input terminal 11 that is an AC connector plug for inserting into an AC outlet. 44 is connected. The rectifier circuit 12 is connected to an insulation transmission means 24 which is composed of a photocoupler or the like for compressing the output voltage waveform and electrically insulating the signal. This insulation transmission means 24 is 3.2 kHz at 50 Hz,
At 60 Hz, it is connected to an arithmetic control circuit 13 composed of an 8-bit CPU acting as a comparison arithmetic circuit and a control circuit via an A / D conversion circuit 25 sampling with a sampling clock of 3.84 kHz.

An automatic voltage switching circuit 14 and an automatic frequency switching circuit 15 are also connected to the insulation transmission means 24. The automatic voltage switching circuit 14 detects the voltage of the commercial power supply line 10 such as 100V system or 200V system and outputs an instruction signal for switching to a suitable voltage waveform. The automatic frequency switching circuit 15
Is the frequency of the commercial power line 10 is 50Hz or 60Hz
It outputs an instruction signal for detecting a frequency such as K and switching a suitable reference voltage waveform. The voltage automatic switching circuit 14 and the frequency automatic switching circuit 15 are
This arithmetic control circuit 1 is connected to the arithmetic control circuit 13.
Reference numeral 3 denotes a reference signal generation circuit 1 including a ROM having sine wave data built therein and outputting various reference voltage signals described later.
6 are connected.

The noise filter 44 is connected to a power supply circuit 26 having a built-in insulating means.
Is connected to the charger 27 while supplying power to each unit. This charger 27 is connected to a backup circuit 17 composed of a nickel-cadmium battery or the like to perform trickle charging, and it is possible to back up data for about 4 days even if a power failure occurs. The backup circuit 17 is connected to a storage circuit 18 that stores the date, time, and content of the abnormality and a clock circuit 19 that outputs time data. Further, the storage circuit 18 and the clock circuit 19 are connected.
Are connected to the arithmetic and control circuit 13.

The arithmetic control circuit 13 has an input port 2
A switch circuit 28 for starting resetting and communication of the device of the present invention alone is sequentially connected via 9 to an input terminal 21. Further, the arithmetic control circuit 13 is connected via an output port 30 and a display output terminal 22 to a display device 31 as a simple display portion including an LED which is an abnormality display portion in the device of the present invention alone. Further, the arithmetic control circuit 13
The external device is connected to an external information processing device via the communication output port 32, the communication output terminal 23, and the communication interface 33 to perform observation, analysis, recording, and the like. Specifically, FIG.
As shown in (a), one end of the communication dedicated cable 36 is connected to the power supply line monitoring device 34 of the present invention by the connector 35, and the other end of the communication dedicated cable 36 is connected by the communication connector 37 as an external information processing device. Connected to the personal computer 38. The memory 39 is an external memory such as a hard disk.

The power supply line monitoring device 34 of the present invention is
As shown in FIG. 3B, inside the housing 40,
Each circuit shown in FIG. 2 is accommodated, a power input terminal 11 including a power plug directly fitted to a power outlet of the commercial power line 10 is provided on the back, and an alarm indicator light 41 and an error indicator light are provided on the front. 43, mode indicators 42a, 4
A display device 31 composed of 2b is provided, and a connector 35 for coupling the input terminal 21, the display output terminal 22 and the communication output terminal 23 is provided on the side surface. The alarm indicator lamp 41 has two LEDs of different colors built therein, and is composed of LEDs emitting three colors of "green" when one is lit, "red" when the other is lit, and "orange" when both are lit. When the lamp is lit, it indicates "Good", when it is lit in orange it indicates "Caution (low level error)", when it is lit in red it indicates "Error (high level error)", and when it flashes green it indicates "Communication".

The error indicator lamp 43 is composed of a single-color LED, and is a "non-initialization error" due to static lighting (for example, when there is a large abnormality in the power supply voltage at the start of driving the circuit, the input condition is too bad, In the case where the device of the present invention has failed), a "communication error" (for example, when a communication error signal is returned from the personal computer 38) is displayed by blinking. Further, when both the mode indicators 42a and 42b are off, "good / power failure", the mode indicator 42a is off,
When the mode indicator lamp 42b is lit, "waveform abnormality such as spike", the mode indicator lamp 42a is lit, the mode indicator lamp 42
When "b" is off, "instantaneous voltage abnormality", mode indicator 4
When both 2a and the mode indicating lamp 42b are lit, "long-term voltage fluctuation" is displayed.

The operation of the above configuration will be described.
The power supply voltage of the commercial power supply line 10 is input from the power supply input terminal 11, and the original waveform is full-wave rectified as it is in the rectifier circuit 12 and output. The output waveform of the rectifier circuit 12 is compressed as it is by the insulation transmission means 24, electrically insulated, and output.
The voltage automatic switching circuit 14 detects the input power supply voltage of the commercial power supply line 10 based on the output signal of the insulation transmission means 24. Specifically, AC100V in Japan, 115V used in the US, A used in Europe
C230V is detected, a suitable reference voltage waveform is selected, and a signal for instructing switching is sent to the arithmetic control circuit 13.

Further, in the automatic frequency switching circuit 15, the commercial power supply line 10 is operated based on the output signal of the insulation transmission means 24.
The input power frequency of is detected. Specifically, in Japan, 50 Hz north of Kanto and 60 Hz south of Kansai, and 50 Hz and 60 Hz in countries other than Japan are similarly detected, and a reference voltage waveform of a suitable frequency is selected. A signal for instructing switching is sent to the arithmetic and control circuit 13.

The output of the insulation transmission means 24 is also sent to the A / D conversion circuit 25. Since the same clock is used as the clock of the 8-bit microcomputer constituting the arithmetic control circuit 13 even if the input frequency is different, the sampling rate of the input waveform is different depending on the input frequency, that is, 3.2 kHz at 50 Hz and 3 at 60 Hz. A clock of 0.84 kHz is used.

The power supply voltage supplied from the power supply input terminal 11 is subjected to noise removal by the noise filter 44, converted into a direct current power supply of a predetermined voltage by the power supply circuit 26, and supplied to each part of the circuit through the internal insulating means. At the same time, the charger 27 charges the backup circuit 17. The backup circuit 17 is so-called trickle charging, in which a nickel-cadmium battery or the like is used to charge only the amount consumed.
This backup circuit 17 allows the memory circuit 18 and the clock circuit 1 to operate even when the power line monitoring device 34 is in a power failure state.
It will be possible to back up the data of 9 for about 4 days.

The power supply line monitoring device 34 of the present invention is a mode in which abnormal data is accumulated in the internal memory circuit 18 and is then observed / analyzed by the personal computer 38 as an information processing device, and online connection with the personal computer 38 is performed at all times. There is a remote mode for observation and analysis. The voltage stored in the reference signal generation circuit 16 is defined and set as follows, for example. Long-term voltage fluctuation: 1-minute effective voltage other than 90 to 110% of reference voltage waveform Short-time voltage fluctuation: 1-cycle effective voltage other than 90 to 110% of reference voltage waveform Spikes and other voltage abnormalities: 1 sample Effective voltage is other than 85-115% of the reference voltage waveform. Disconnection of power supply: Effective voltage for 1 second is 60% or less of the reference voltage waveform.

A mode in which abnormal data is accumulated in the internal memory circuit 18 and then observed and analyzed by the personal computer 38 will be described. Commercial power line 1 via power input terminal 11
When the sine wave voltage waveform of 0 is taken into the rectifier circuit 12, the voltage automatic switching circuit 14 is passed through the insulation transmission means 24.
To the frequency automatic switching circuit 15. The automatic voltage switching circuit 14 detects whether the voltage of the commercial power source line 10 is 100V system or 200V system, and the automatic frequency switching circuit 15 detects whether the frequency of the commercial power source line 10 is 50Hz or 6V.
When a signal indicating 0 Hz or the like is sent and an instruction to switch a suitable reference voltage waveform is sent to the arithmetic control circuit 13, a suitable reference signal is sent from the reference signal generating circuit 16 to the arithmetic control circuit 13.

In this state, when the sine wave voltage waveform of the commercial power supply line 10 is taken into the rectifier circuit 12 via the power supply input terminal 11, it is sent to the A / D conversion circuit 25 via the insulation transmission means 24, and this 50 by the A / D conversion circuit 25
3.2 kHz at 60 Hz and 3.84 k at 60 Hz
The data is AD-converted by the sampling clock of Hz and output to the arithmetic control circuit 13, and the arithmetic control circuit 13
Then, the data from the A / D conversion circuit 25 and the reference signal from the reference signal generation circuit 16 are constantly compared to start monitoring.

During monitoring by the arithmetic control circuit 13, when none of the above applies, the alarm indicator lamp 41 of the display device 31 is lit in green, the error indicator lamp 43 is extinguished, and the mode indicator lamp 42a, 42b is also turned off. If any of the above is satisfied, the content of the abnormality at that time and the date and time based on the time data at the time of the abnormality from the clock circuit 19 are stored in the storage circuit 18. In addition, if there is a low level abnormality, the alarm indicator lamp 4
1 is lit in orange, the alarm indicator lamp 41 is lit in red and the error indicator lamp 43 is off in the case of a high level abnormality. Further, the mode indicators 42a and 42b are determined to be a combination of lighting and extinguishing depending on the content of the abnormality.

Specifically, it is as shown in the following table. (1) Alarm display with the alarm display lamp 41 Green lighting: Good Orange lighting: Attention (low level error) Red lighting: Error (high level error) Green flashing: Communicating (2) Error display lighting: Initialization impossible error Flashing: Communication error (3) Mode display Mode indicator lamps 42a 42b Long-term voltage fluctuations: Lit Lighting Lit short-term voltage fluctuations: Lit Unlit Voltage abnormalities such as spikes: Unlit Lit Power supply disconnection (or good): Unlit Unlit

The abnormality content stored in the storage circuit 18 is sent to the personal computer 38 via the communication output port 32 and the communication interface 33, and the waveform is confirmed and analyzed.
It should be noted that the frequency variation is 5 in the automatic frequency switching circuit 15.
After automatic switching between 0Hz / 60Hz, even if the short-term voltage fluctuation (effective voltage of one cycle) is normal, instantaneous voltage abnormality (effective voltage at every sample is 9% of the reference voltage waveform).
If it is 0 to 110%), the frequency is determined to be abnormal.

Next, the remote mode in which the personal computer 38 is connected online to constantly observe and analyze will be described. In this mode, the communication output port 32 and the communication interface 3 are used without using the built-in memory circuit 18.
3. The steady waveform can be constantly confirmed and analyzed in the personal computer 38 via the communication dedicated cable 36 in real time, and the data can be continuously stored in the memory 39.

FIG. 6 shows an example in which data such as an abnormal waveform is displayed on the monitor 45 of the personal computer 38. This figure 6
In the above, the reference signal waveform display section 46 at the upper part displays the ideal reference waveform. An actual abnormal waveform read from the memory 39 stored in advance is displayed on the input voltage waveform display section 47 directly below the reference signal waveform display section 46 together with the occurrence time. Latest abnormality display section 48 at the bottom
Is the latest data, for example, the voltage fluctuation Vmin for a long time and the voltage fluctuation Vc for a short time which have occurred within one minute.
yc, voltage abnormality Vpeak such as spike, power supply disconnection power is displayed, and past abnormality display section 49 sequentially scrolls past data generated within 1 minute and within 60 minutes. Is displayed. The time unit for horizontal scrolling at this time may be shorter or may be sufficiently long. Operation data display section 50 on the right side
Shows the current time, start time, mode and other operation data.

The number of data that can be memorized, the number of memory waveforms, the sampling rate, the backup time, etc. are not limited to those in the above-mentioned embodiment, and the number of bits and clock frequency of the microcomputer constituting the arithmetic control circuit 13 can be increased. , R constituting the storage circuit 18 and the reference signal generation circuit 16
This can be further improved by increasing the storage capacity of the AM / ROM or increasing the battery capacity of the backup circuit 17.

[0030]

The power supply line monitoring apparatus according to the present invention detects abnormal voltage, abnormal frequency, instantaneous voltage drop (including instantaneous voltage rise), instantaneous power failure, etc. of the general commercial power supply line 10, and observes and analyzes the waveform. It is possible to separate the malfunction of the electronic device from the problem of the commercial power supply line 10 and to use it for securing a stable commercial power supply and taking measures for the electronic device.

Further, since it has an AC adapter-like shape,
The quality of the commercial power supply line 10 can be controlled by a simple operation, requiring almost no installation place simply by inserting it into an outlet.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a principle block diagram showing an embodiment of a power supply line monitoring device 34 according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a detailed block diagram showing an embodiment of the power supply line monitoring device 34 according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which a power supply line monitoring device 34 according to the present invention is connected to a personal computer 38.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of an abnormal waveform of the commercial power supply line 10.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the number of occurrences of abnormalities in the commercial power supply line 10.

FIG. 6 is a commercial power line 10 using a personal computer monitor 45.
It is a figure which shows the example of a display waveform of the abnormality occurrence data of.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... Commercial power line, 11 ... Power input terminal, 12 ... Rectifier circuit, 13 ... Arithmetic control circuit, 14 ... Voltage automatic switching circuit, 15 ... Frequency automatic switching circuit, 16 ... Reference signal generating circuit, 17 ... Backup circuit, 18 ... Memory circuit, 19
... clock circuit, 20 ... interface circuit, 21 ... input terminal, 22 ... display output terminal, 23 ... communication output terminal, 24
Insulation transmission means, 25 ... A / D conversion circuit, 26 ... Power supply circuit, 27 ... Charger, 28 ... Switch circuit, 29 ... Input port, 30 ... Output port, 31 ... Display device, 32 ... Communication output port, 33 ... communication interface, 34 ... power supply line monitoring device, 35 ... connector, 36 ... communication dedicated cable, 37 ... communication connector, 38 ... personal computer, 39 ... memory, 40 ... housing, 41 ... alarm indicator light, 42
a, 42b ... Mode indicator, 43 ... Error indicator, 44
... noise filter, 45 ... personal computer monitor, 46 ... reference signal waveform display section, 47 ... input voltage waveform display section, 48 ... latest abnormal data display section, 49 ... past abnormal data display section,
50 ... Operation data display section.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location G01R 31/08 G01R 31/08 H02H 3/52 H02H 3/52

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A reference signal generating circuit 16 for outputting a reference waveform signal of a commercial power source and a reference waveform signal of the reference signal generating circuit 16 are compared with a commercial power source waveform fetched from a commercial power source line 10 to determine whether an allowable range is reached. A power supply comprising an arithmetic control circuit 13 for comparing and judging whether or not the abnormality content and the time data at which the abnormality has occurred and a storage circuit 18 for storing these data are output when the abnormality is outside the allowable range. Line monitoring device. 2. A reference signal generating circuit 16 for outputting a reference waveform signal of a commercial power source and a reference waveform signal of the reference signal generating circuit 16 are compared with a commercial power source waveform fetched from a commercial power source line 10 to determine whether the range is within an allowable range. The operation control circuit 13 for comparing and judging whether or not the abnormality content and the time data when the abnormality occurred and the memory circuit 18 for storing these data are housed in the housing 40, and the housing 40 is housed in the housing 40. A power line monitoring device characterized by being an AC adapter type provided with a power input terminal 11 that can be connected to a connector socket of the commercial power line 10. 3. A reference signal generating circuit 16 for outputting a reference waveform signal of a commercial power source and a reference waveform signal of this reference signal generating circuit 16 are compared with a commercial power source waveform fetched from a commercial power source line 10 to determine whether an allowable range is reached. The reference signal generating circuit 16 is provided with an arithmetic control circuit 13 for comparing and judging whether or not the abnormality content and the time data at which the abnormality has occurred and a storage circuit 18 for storing these data. A power supply line monitoring device, characterized in that an automatic frequency switching circuit (15) for detecting an input frequency of the commercial power supply line (10) and obtaining a reference waveform signal corresponding to this frequency is connected to the preceding stage. 4. A reference signal generating circuit 16 for outputting a reference waveform signal of a commercial power source and a reference waveform signal of the reference signal generating circuit 16 are compared with a commercial power source waveform fetched from a commercial power source line 10 to determine whether an allowable range is reached. The reference signal generating circuit 16 is provided with an arithmetic control circuit 13 for comparing and judging whether or not the abnormality content and the time data at which the abnormality has occurred and a storage circuit 18 for storing these data. A power supply line monitoring device, characterized in that an automatic voltage switching circuit 14 for detecting an input voltage of the commercial power supply line 10 and obtaining a reference waveform signal corresponding to this voltage is connected to the preceding stage. 5. A reference signal generating circuit 16 for outputting a reference waveform signal of a commercial power source and a reference waveform signal of this reference signal generating circuit 16 are compared with a commercial power source waveform fetched from a commercial power source line 10 to determine whether the allowable range is reached. It is provided with an arithmetic control circuit 13 for comparing and judging whether or not the abnormality content and the time data at which the abnormality occurs when it is outside the allowable range, and a storage circuit 18 for storing these data, and communicate with the arithmetic control circuit 13. A personal computer 38 is connected through the interface 33,
The stored data in the storage circuit 18 is called up at any time for observation /
A power supply line monitoring device characterized in that it is possible to analyze or directly observe and analyze the data of the arithmetic control circuit 13 online.