JPH09152002A - Transmission for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To constitute a reverse mechanism into a constant-mesh type one without enlarging the full length of a transmission by disposing a first reverse idler gear and a first shift step counter gear of each shift step counter gear on different positions in the direction of an input shaft so as to avoid interference with each other. SOLUTION: A first shift step counter gear 46 meshing with a first shift step input gear 34 is disposed on the axially different position of a reverse idler shaft 14 from a first reverse idler gear 74 separating the confronted sides by a distance A so as not to interfere with the first reverse idler gear 74. At reversing when a reverse changeover sleeve 96 is engaged with the first reverse idler gear 74, driving force is transmited from the first reverse idler gear 74 to a tubular part 86 through the reverse changeover sleeve 96 and a reverse changeover hub 92, and a second reverse idler gear 78 is rotated. Hereby, a reverse mechanism 72 is constituted into a constant-mesh type one without enlarging the full length of a transmission 2.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicular transmission, and more particularly to a vehicular transmission in which a reverse gear can be always meshed without increasing the overall length of the transmission.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A vehicle is equipped with a manual or automatic transmission in order to convert a driving force of an engine into a desired one in accordance with a driving condition and take it out. As such a transmission, there are a gear type transmission, a belt type transmission, and the like, and a gear type transmission with little driving force transmission loss is often used. The gear type transmission includes a constant mesh type and a selective sliding type.

As a gear type transmission, there is one shown in FIG. That is, in FIG. 4, 202 is a transmission, and 204
Is a transmission gear unit, 206 is a differential unit, and 208 is a transmission case. This transmission case 2
An input shaft 210, a counter shaft 212, and a reverse idler shaft 214 are arranged in the 08 in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the transmission 202.

The input shaft 210 is held by the first input shaft bearing 220 held by the first wall 218 of the first case 216 of the transmission case 208 and the second wall 224 of the second case 222 of the transmission case 208. It is rotatably supported by the second input shaft bearing 226.

The counter shaft 212 is disposed slightly on the differential portion 206 side, and the first counter shaft bearing 228 and the second case 222 are held by the first wall portion 218 of the first case 216.
Second counter shaft bearing 2 held by the second wall portion 224 of the
It is rotatably supported by 30 and.

The reverse idler shaft 214 has a differential section 20.
6, the first wall portion 218 and the second case 222 are separated from each other.
It is supported by a shaft holder 234 fixed by a holding bolt 232.

The input shaft 210 is provided with a first speed input gear 236, a reverse speed input gear 238, and a second speed input gear 240 which are sequentially fixed from the engine side as a plurality of speeds of each speed input gear. 3rd speed input gears 242 and 4
A speed input gear 224 and a fifth speed input gear 246 are rotatably provided. The fifth speed input gear 246 is arranged outside the second wall portion 224.

A final drive gear 250 constituting a final reduction mechanism 248 is fixedly provided on the counter shaft 212 as a plurality of stages of respective speed counter gears sequentially from the engine side, and a first speed input gear 236 is provided. 1 to mesh
A speed counter gear 252 is rotatably provided,
A second speed counter gear 254 that meshes with the high speed input gear 240 is rotatably provided, and furthermore, a third speed counter gear 256 and a fourth speed input gear 244 that mesh with the third speed input gear 242.
4th speed counter gear 258 and 5th speed input gear 24
The fifth speed counter gear 260 meshing with the sixth gear is fixedly provided. 5th speed input gear 246 and 5th speed counter gear 2
60 is a side cover 262 outside the second wall portion 224.
Is encapsulated by

The counter shaft 212 between the first speed counter gear 252 and the second speed counter gear 254 has a first speed / second speed switching sleeve 264 and a reverse counter gear 266, which are integrally formed, for switching between the first speed / second speed. A mechanism 268 is provided.

Third speed input gear 242 and fourth speed input gear 244
The input shaft 210 in between is provided with a third / fourth speed switching mechanism 272 having a third / fourth speed switching sleeve 270.

A 5-speed switching mechanism 27 having a 5-speed switching sleeve 274 is provided on the input shaft 210 near the 5-speed input gear 246.
6 are provided.

On the reverse idler shaft 214, a reverse idler gear 278 that slides at the time of reverse shift and meshes with the reverse input gear 238 and the reverse counter gear 266 from the free rotation state is provided with the reverse switching sleeve 28.
It is integrated with 0.

A final driven gear 282 is provided in mesh with the final drive gear 250 of the counter shaft 212. This final driven gear 2
The gear 82 is fixed to the differential case 284 of the differential portion 106 by a gear mounting bolt 286.

According to this transmission 202, the reverse mechanism 288 is composed of the reverse idler shaft 214, the reverse input gear 238, the reverse idler gear 278 and the reverse counter gear 266, and at the time of reverse shift, the driving force of the engine is Reverse input gear 23 on 210
8 to the reverse idler gear 278, and
It is configured to be transmitted to the counter shaft 212 via the reverse counter gear 266 and rotate the final drive gear 250.

Further, as such a transmission, for example, JP-A-2-203048 and JP-A-1-299 can be used.
No. 347, Japanese Utility Model Publication 6-6318, Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-
It is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 9933. JP-A-2-2030
The one described in Japanese Patent No. 48 has a reverse idle shaft,
Immediately after the clutch pedal is stepped on, an idle gear that is always meshed with the primary reverse gear and rotatably supported relative to the reverse idle shaft and a reverse synchronizer that has a sleeve gear that constantly meshes with the secondary reverse gear are provided. Even when the reverse gear is selected, the idle gear and the secondary reverse gear are connected via the sleeve gear so that power can be transmitted after the idle gear has stopped in synchronization with the slide gear by the synchronizer, so meshing in the reverse gear system is possible. It prevents the generation of sound. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-299347 discloses a retraction pinion and a first clutch device slidably mounted on the retraction pinion and continuously meshed therewith for releasably coupling with other members. Providing a first reverse idler having a reverse output gear and a second reverse idler continuously meshing with the reverse output gear and having a second clutch arrangement for releasably engaging the first clutch arrangement. This facilitates the difficulty in changing gears into reverse drive operation, particularly the work required by the vehicle driver to complete the engagement of the reverse drive gear mechanism. According to Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-6318, an idle gear has a first idle gear that meshes with a reverse input gear and a reverse output gear, and a first idle through a reverse stage establishing clutch mechanism. A second idle gear that can be connected to the gear, and at least one of the reverse input gear and the reverse output gear is
One of the landing-side shaft and the output-side shaft is fixed to the other of the input-side shaft and the output-side shaft at a position corresponding to the forward-gear-speed establishing clutch mechanism interposed between the two forward-gear-speed gear trains.
It is fixed to the other of the input side shaft and the output side shaft, and by effectively utilizing the empty space formed in the other side of the landing side shaft and the output side shaft, it is possible to dispose the reverse gear establishing clutch mechanism. The axial length of the input side shaft or the output side shaft can be shortened as compared with the case where the reverse gear establishment clutch mechanism is provided on the input side shaft or the output side shaft.

In Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-9933, a gear for providing two forward gear ratios on the low speed side is non-rotatably connected to an input shaft, and a gear for providing two forward gear ratios on the high speed side is output. The idler gear is non-rotatably connected to the shaft, the idler gear is non-rotatably connected to the landing shaft, the gear that is connected to drive the gear, and the gear that is connected to drive the high speed side. By forming the gear ratio, the existing gear for the forward speed is used during reverse, so no gear is required other than the idler gear provided near the input shaft and output shaft for the reverse speed. , Saving the length of the transmission required to provide the reverse gear, which allows the transmission of the conventional structure to be considerably shortened,
It will be easier than ever to meet the demand for shorter transmissions.

[0017]

However, as shown in FIG.
In the transmission as shown in Fig. 6, the tooth surface of the reverse idler gear directly collides with the tooth surface of the reverse input gear or the reverse counter gear, so there is a disadvantage that the tooth surface is damaged or worn. .

Further, since this transmission has a triple-gear structure, there are inconveniences that the gear noise is easily generated and the degree of freedom of the gear is not small.

Further, when engaging with the reverse idler gear, the chamfer portion of the gear hits and cannot be scraped off, and it is difficult to enter reverse.

Furthermore, when the reverse idler gears are engaged with each other, if the gears collide with each other, a rattling noise is generated.

Further, in the case of a transmission having a reverse mechanism in a transmission other than the structure of FIG. 4, the total length of the transmission becomes large, and especially in the case of a horizontal engine, there is a space disadvantage. There was an inconvenience.

[0022]

Therefore, in order to eliminate the above-mentioned inconvenience, the present invention arranges an input shaft, a counter shaft, and a reverse idler shaft in parallel, and provides each input gear with each speed input gear. The counter shaft is provided with each speed counter gear that meshes with each speed input gear,
In a vehicle transmission provided with a speed switching mechanism, the reverse idler shaft is provided with a first reverse idler gear that meshes with a first speed input gear of the respective speed input gears, and the reverse switching mechanism causes the first reverse idler gear to operate. A second reverse idler gear that can be connected to the first reverse gear of the first-speed / second-speed switching mechanism and that meshes with the reverse counter gear of the first-speed / second-speed switching mechanism. The first reverse idler gear and the first speed counter gear are arranged at different positions in the axial direction of the input shaft so as to prevent the first speed counter gear from interfering with each other.

[0023]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION According to the present invention, since the reverse mechanism can be always meshed without increasing the total length of the transmission, it is possible to prevent the gear from being damaged or worn. The first reverse idler gear that meshes with the 1st-speed input gear and the 1st-speed counter gear that prevent the generation of gear noise, increase the degree of freedom in the gear specifications, and also prevent the generation of grit noise. It is possible to prevent and interfere with each other.

[0024]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention; 1 to 3 show an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 2 is a transmission, 4 is a transmission gear unit, 6 is a differential unit, and 8 is a transmission case. In the transmission case 8, the input shaft 10, the counter shaft 12, the reverse idler shaft 1
4 are arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the transmission 2.

The input shaft 10 is held by the first input shaft bearing 20 held by the first wall portion 18 of the first case 16 of the transmission case 8 and the second wall portion 24 of the second case 22 of the transmission case 8. It is rotatably supported by the second input shaft bearing 26.

The counter shaft 12 is disposed slightly on the differential portion 6 side and is held by the first wall portion 18 of the first case 16 in the first direction.
Counter shaft bearing 28 and second wall portion 24 of second case 22
It is rotatably supported by the second counter shaft bearing 30 held by.

The reverse idler shaft 14 is supported by a holding bolt 32 inserted into the first wall portion 18 and the second case 22 at a position apart from the differential portion 6.

The input shaft 10 is provided with a first speed input gear 34 and a second speed input gear 36, which are sequentially fixed from the engine side, as a plurality of speeds of each speed input gear.
High speed input gear 38, fourth speed input gear 40 and fifth speed input gear 42
Are rotatably provided. The fifth speed input gear 42 is
It is arranged outside the second wall portion 24.

A final drive gear 44 constituting a final reduction mechanism (not shown) connected to the differential portion 6 is fixed to the counter shaft 12 as a plurality of speed counter gears sequentially from the engine side. A first speed counter gear 46 that meshes with the first speed input gear 34 is rotatably provided, and a second speed counter gear 48 that meshes with the second speed input gear 36 is rotatably provided. A third speed counter gear 50 that meshes with the third speed input gear 38, a fourth speed counter gear 52 that meshes with the fourth speed input gear 40, and a fifth speed counter gear 54 that meshes with the fifth speed input gear 42 are fixedly provided. . The fifth speed counter gear 54 is provided on the second wall portion 2
4 are arranged outside.

5th speed input gear 42 and 5th speed counter gear 54
And are covered by the side cover 56.

The counter shaft 12 between the first speed counter gear 46 and the second speed counter gear 48 has a first speed / second speed switching sleeve 58 and a reverse counter gear 60, which are integrally formed. A mechanism 62 is provided.

The input shaft 10 between the third speed input gear 38 and the fourth speed input gear 40 is provided with a third speed / fourth speed switching mechanism 66 having a third speed / fourth speed switching sleeve 64.

On the input shaft 10 near the fifth speed input gear 42,
A 5-speed switching mechanism 70 having a 5-speed switching sleeve 68 is provided.

The reverse idler shaft 14 is provided with a first reverse idler gear 74 which meshes with the first speed input gear 34 so as to constitute a reverse mechanism 72.
A second reverse idler gear 78 that is connectable to the first reverse idler gear 74 by the reverse switching mechanism 76 and that meshes with the second reverse counter gear 60 that meshes with the reverse counter gear 60 of the first / second speed switching mechanism 62 is provided. .

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the reverse idler shaft 14 has first to third needle bearings 80 to 84.
Are installed side by side. The second reverse idler gear 7 is provided on the first to third needle bearings 80 to 84.
8 and the second reverse idler gear 78, a tubular portion 86 extending in the axial direction is rotatably provided.

One side of the second reverse idler gear 78 is locked to a locking flange 88 projecting from the reverse idler shaft 14 and is rotatable by the first needle bearing 80, but is provided so as not to move axially. ing.

On the tubular portion 86 of the second reverse idler gear 78, the first reverse idler gear 74 located on the other side of the second reverse idler gear 78 is rotatable via the fourth needle bearing 90. 1st speed input gear 3
It is provided so as to mesh with No. 4.

The first reverse idler gear 74 and the first reverse idler gear 74 are provided on the tubular portion 86 of the second reverse idler gear 78.
A reverse switching hub 92 of the reverse switching mechanism 76 is spline-coupled between the walls 18. A hub-side spline 94 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the reverse switching hub 92.
Is formed in the axial direction, and the hub side spline 94 is provided with a sleeve spline 98 of the reverse switching sleeve 96 movably in the axial direction.

The first facing the spline 94 on the hub side
The reverse idler gear 74 is formed with a gear side spline 100 with which the sleeve spline 98 of the reverse switching sleeve 96 can be engaged so as to connect the first reverse idler gear 74 and the second reverse idler gear 78.

The first speed counter gear 46 meshing with the first speed input gear 34 has first and second reverse idler gears 74 with opposing sides separated by a distance A so as not to interfere with the first reverse idler gear 74. Are arranged at different positions in the axial direction of the reverse idler shaft 14.

Further, the transmission 2 is provided with a shift and select shaft 102 to which the other end of a control shaft (not shown) is connected, as shown in FIG. The shift and select shaft 102 is held by the transmission case 8 and the other end side thereof is held by a shaft holding case 104 connected to the transmission case 8.

The shift and select shaft 102 has
The interlock plate 106 is fitted and provided. The interlock plate 106 is supported by guide bolts 108 provided on the transmission case 8.

On one side of the interlock plate 106, the shift and select shaft 102 between the first one side spring holder 110 provided on the transmission case 8 and the second one side spring holder 112 provided on the shift and select shaft 102. A first select return spring 114 is provided by being fitted therein.

On the other side of the interlock plate 106, the shift between the first other side spring holding body 116 provided on the shaft holding case 104 and the second other side spring holding body 118 provided on the shift and select shaft 102 is performed. A second select return spring 120 is fitted and provided on the and select shaft 102.

Further, in the interlock plate 106, the shift and select shaft 102 is provided with a gear shift lever 122. The gear shift lever 122 is selectively engaged with the first speed / second speed yoke 124, the third speed / fourth speed yoke 126, and the fifth speed / reverse yoke 128.

The first and second speed yokes 124 are provided on the first and second speed shift shafts 130. 3rd / 4th speed yoke 12
The sixth gear 6 is provided on the third-speed / fourth-speed shift shaft 132. 5
The speed / reverse yoke 128 is provided on the fifth speed / reverse shift shaft 134.

The first and second speed shift shafts 130 have one
A first / second speed fork 136 that engages with the speed / second speed switching sleeve 58 is provided. 3rd / 4th shift shaft 132
Is engaged with the 3rd / 4th speed switching sleeve 64.
A speed fork (not shown) is provided. The fifth speed / reverse shift shaft 134 is provided with a fifth speed fork (not shown) that engages with the fifth speed switching sleeve 68.

In parallel with the fifth speed / reverse shift shaft 134,
A fifth speed / reverse guide shaft 138 is provided.

A reverse fork 140 that engages with the reverse switching sleeve 96 is provided on the fifth speed / reverse guide shaft 138 and the fifth speed / reverse shift shaft 134.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

The engine driving force input through the input shaft 10 is applied from the first speed input gear 34 to the first reverse idler gear 7
Communicate to 4.

When not in reverse, the first reverse idler gear 74 idles on the fourth needle bearing 90 because the reverse switching sleeve 96 of the reverse switching mechanism 76 is not engaged with the first reverse idler gear 74. .

When the reverse switching sleeve 96 of the reverse switching mechanism 76 is engaged with the first reverse idler gear 74 when performing reverse, the driving force is from the first reverse idler gear 74 to the reverse switching sleeve 96.
To the tubular portion 86 of the second reverse idler gear 78 via the reverse switching hub 92 and rotate the second reverse idler gear 78.

Due to the rotation of the second reverse idler gear 78, the driving force is transmitted to the reverse counter gear 60, and this driving force is transmitted to the counter shaft 12 to perform the reverse.

As a result, the reverse mechanism 72 such as the first and second reverse idler gears 74 and 78 can be always meshed without increasing the overall length of the transmission 2, and the tooth surface of each gear can be changed. Since there is no collision, the tooth surface of each gear can be prevented from being damaged or worn.

Further, the transmission 2 having a reverse structure can be used without using a transmission having a triple gear structure, and it is possible to prevent generation of gear noise and the like associated with the triple gear structure. In addition, the degree of freedom in gear specifications can be increased.

Further, when the first reverse idler gear 74 and the second reverse idler gear 78 are connected by the reverse switching mechanism 76, the speed is reduced by the first reverse idler gear 74, and the rotation speed of the input shaft 10 is higher than that of the input shaft 10. Since the rotation speed of the second reverse idler gear 78 becomes low, the impact noise at the time of connection becomes small, and the reverse gear can be easily entered.

Further, the first reverse idler gear 74 meshing with the first speed input gear 34 and the first speed counter gear 46 are arranged (offset) at positions different by a distance A in the axial direction of the reverse idler shaft 14. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the first reverse idler gear 74 and the first speed counter gear 46 from interfering with each other.

[0059]

As is apparent from the above detailed description, according to the present invention, the reverse idler shaft is provided with the first reverse idler gear that meshes with the first speed input gear among the respective speed input gears, and the reverse switching mechanism is used. A second reverse idler gear that can be connected to the first reverse idler gear and that meshes with the reverse counter gear of the first-speed / second-speed switching mechanism is provided, and each speed counter gear that meshes with the first reverse idler gear and the first-speed input gear By arranging the first reverse idler gear and the first speed counter gear at different positions in the axial direction of the input shaft so as to prevent the first speed counter gear from interfering with each other, the overall length of the transmission is increased. Since the reverse mechanism can always be meshed without causing damage or wear to the tooth surface of the gear,
Prevents the generation of gear noise, further increases the degree of freedom in the gear specifications, facilitates the entry into reverse again, and also prevents the generation of rattling noise, and meshes with the 1st speed input gear. It is possible to prevent the first reverse idler gear and the first speed counter gear from interfering with each other.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of a main part of a transmission.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a transmission.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a shift operation portion of the transmission.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a conventional transmission.

[Explanation of reference numerals] 2 transmission 10 input shaft 12 counter shaft 14 reverse idler shaft 34 1st speed input gear 46 1st speed counter gear 62 1st speed / 2nd speed switching mechanism 72 reverse mechanism 74 1st reverse idler gear 76 reverse switching mechanism 78 2nd reverse idler gear 96 reverse switching sleeve

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An input shaft, a counter shaft, and a reverse idler shaft are arranged in parallel, each input shaft is provided with each speed input gear, and each counter shaft has each speed counter gear meshing with each speed input gear. And a first speed / second speed switching mechanism, the reverse idler shaft is provided with a first reverse idler gear that meshes with a first speed input gear of the respective speed input gears, and the reverse switching mechanism is also provided. And a second reverse idler gear which is connectable to the first reverse idler gear and meshes with the reverse counter gear of the first speed / second speed switching mechanism.
The first reverse idler gear and the first speed counter gear are input so as to prevent the reverse idler gear and the first speed counter gear among the respective speed counter gears meshing with the first speed input gear from interfering with each other. A transmission for a vehicle, wherein the transmission is arranged at different positions in the axial direction of the shaft.