JPH09150333A - Machine tool having three legs - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To remove a cutting chip, generated to accumulate on a table by machine work, effectively from the table by a simple structure without using power. SOLUTION: A machine tool is formed in a constitution having three legs, moving a movable member 24 mounted in this leg by moving it in a space, rotating a spindle 26 of a spindle head 27 provided in the movable member 24 and machining a workpiece 4. Here, the machine tool has a frame 13 vertically provided on a floor surface 1a to support the leg, a table 5 mounted in almost a horizontal direction in this frame removably mounting the workpiece 4 also having an opening part 72 dropping down a cutting chip 71 generated by machining the workpiece and a box part 78 set up just under the table 5 to receive the cutting chip 71 dropped down through the opening part 72.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a positioning device for moving a movable member in space by three legs to process an object to be processed, and more particularly to a work (workpiece to be processed) by rotating a main shaft provided on the movable member. Machine tool for machining objects).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Industrial robots in which a plurality of robot arms are connected in series via joints are widely used. However, since this robot arm has a cantilever structure, it is necessary to move a moving part having a large mass. There is also a possibility that the error of the joint portion is enlarged and the positioning accuracy is lowered. On the other hand, in a machine tool such as a machining center, in order to relatively move a spindle and a workpiece, it is necessary to move a spindle head having a large mass, a column, a table and the like by a large driving force.

On the other hand, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-5092
Japanese Patent Publication No. 84 discloses a positioning device that moves a movable member in space by three sets of link mechanisms that form three legs and move three-dimensionally. The structure of this positioning device is called "parallel mechanism", and the moving part is lighter than conventional industrial robots and machine tools, so the driving force is small and it can move at high speed. ing. The technology relating to this parallel mechanism is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. H05-500337 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. H06-
190667 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,976,582.
It is also disclosed in the issue.

When the positioning device is used as a machine tool, a mechanism of a parallel mechanism is attached to a frame reference portion serving as an attachment reference portion, a spindle that rotates when a tool is attached is attached to a leg of the mechanism, and a table is mounted on the frame. Install on. Then, the movable member attached to the leg is moved in the space based on the orthogonal coordinate system by the movement of the leg, and the spindle provided on the movable member is rotated to process the work on the table.

In order to process a work with high accuracy, a frame is used to vertically stand a frame and a frame reference portion (for example, a ceiling portion) is precisely set horizontally and vertically. Then, the parallel mechanism mechanism is precisely attached to the frame reference part so that the orthogonal coordinate system of the parallel mechanism mechanism is horizontal and vertical to the direction of gravity. Also, by mounting the table precisely horizontally on the frame, the position of the table and the orthogonal coordinate system are indirectly matched. As a result, the movable member attached to the leg of the parallel mechanism mechanism moves in the space while maintaining the horizontality and the verticality, so that the work placed on the horizontal table can be processed.

[0006]

However, when manufacturing and assembling components such as a frame having a frame reference portion, a parallel mechanism mechanism and a table,
It is difficult to avoid some manufacturing and assembly errors. In reality, it is quite difficult to set the Cartesian coordinate system of the parallel mechanism mechanism and the table horizontally or vertically. Therefore, the table may be tilted relative to the Cartesian coordinate system or the circumferential position may be displaced. Therefore, a processing error may occur.

By the way, when a work on a table is machined by a tool of a spindle attached to a movable member, cutting powder is generated and gradually deposited on the work or the table. Moreover, if this cutting powder leaks out of the machine tool, it contaminates the surrounding environment. Therefore, the above-mentioned special table 6-509284
The publication discloses a technique in which a pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure is applied to a processing area and suction of cutting powder is performed by a vacuum-operated cutting powder collector. However, in this case, a large amount of power is required to drive the trapping device for removing the cutting powder accumulated on the table, and the trapping device becomes large-scaled and requires a large space. There is a problem that the positioning device itself becomes large and high cost is required.

[0008] On the other hand, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-500337 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-190667 disclose a machine tool having a structure in which a table is placed on the floor surface and cutting powder is dropped from the periphery of the table to the floor surface. It is disclosed. The machine tools described in these publications do not take measures to effectively remove the generated cutting powder. Further, since the table is installed on the floor surface, it is not possible to secure a space at the bottom of the table for mounting a cutting powder receiving portion such as a box for receiving the cutting powder falling from the table.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and effectively removes the cutting powder generated and deposited on a table by machining from the table with a simple structure that does not use power. An object is to provide a machine tool that can perform.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, a machine tool according to the present invention has at least three legs, and a movable member attached to the legs is moved in space by the movement of the legs. A machine tool that moves and rotates a spindle of a spindle head provided on the movable member to machine a work,
A frame that stands upright on the floor and supports the legs, and the work is detachably mounted by being attached to the frame in a substantially horizontal direction, and the cutting powder generated by processing the work drops. It is provided with a table having an opening, and a cutting powder receiving portion which is installed immediately below the table and receives the cutting powder falling through the opening.

Further, preferably, the frame includes a plurality of pillars standing on the floor surface, and a ceiling member fixed to an upper portion of the pillars and arranged in a substantially horizontal direction to support the legs. , A plurality of cross girder members disposed between the ceiling member and the floor surface and spanned between the pillars in a substantially horizontal direction. The table has a flat upper surface, is arranged in the central portion, and mounts the work in a detachable manner, and a work girder member disposed outside the work mounting portion. An annular outer peripheral edge portion to be supported and a plurality of ribs integrally attached so as to form the opening portion between the outer peripheral edge portion and the work placing portion are provided.
A first tilting member for guiding the falling cutting powder to the opening is attached to a splash cover surrounding the processing area, and drops above the cutting powder receiving portion through the opening. A second tilt member for guiding the cutting powder into the cutting powder receiving portion is attached to the cross beam member, and the first and second tilt members seal an internal space including the processing region. The seal members are attached to each other.

Another preferred machine tool also takes care of adjusting the position of the table. That is, this machine tool has at least three legs, and a movable member attached to the legs is moved in space based on an orthogonal coordinate system by the movement of the legs, and a spindle head provided on the movable member. A machine tool for machining a work by rotating a main shaft of the frame, the frame having a ceiling member supporting the legs at an upper portion and standing on a floor surface, and between the ceiling member and the floor surface. Mounted on the frame in a substantially horizontal direction, the table on which the work is detachably mounted, and the inclination of the table and the vertical coordinate system of the orthogonal coordinate system so as to match the rectangular coordinate system. It is preferable to provide a table support device that adjusts each circumferential position around the axis.

In this case, the frame includes a plurality of pillars erected on the floor surface, the ceiling member fixed to an upper portion of the pillar and arranged in a substantially horizontal direction to support the legs,
The table supporting device is provided between the ceiling member and the floor surface, and includes a plurality of lateral beam members suspended between the columns in a substantially horizontal direction. Lifting means for moving the table to adjust the inclination of the table by raising and lowering the lateral protrusion of the table via the first screw mechanism, and the lifting means attached to each of the transverse beam members. It is preferable to include a rotating unit that is sandwiched from both sides by a second screw mechanism and that rotates the table around the vertical axis to adjust the circumferential position.

The three legs are composed of three sets of quadrangular link mechanisms, each of which is composed of two arms and connecting members respectively arranged between the upper ends and the lower ends of the arms. It is preferable that the movable member attached to the connecting member at the lower end is moved in parallel in space by moving the connecting member at the upper end via the driving-side member.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION An example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. The machine tool having three legs according to the present invention only needs to have at least three legs configured by three sets of link mechanisms, and may have other legs separately.

1 and 2 are a side structural view and a front structural view of a machine tool according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a schematic view for explaining the machine tool. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a vertical machine tool 1 includes a plurality of (for example, four) pillars 2 that are erected on a floor surface 1 a, and a ceiling member 3 that is attached to the upper part of the pillar 2. A rectangle for mounting the work (workpiece) 4 directly or through a pallet (not shown), which is located below the ceiling member 3 and is attached in the middle of the pillar 2 in a substantially horizontal direction. Table 5 of FIG. A space is secured between the table 5 and the floor surface 1a. The work 4 is, for example, a printed circuit board or an electric component of household electric appliances. The number of pillars 2 may be two or more than four.

The machine tool 1 has a three-axis control parallel mechanism mechanism 7 which moves based on an orthogonal coordinate system consisting of a vertical Z-axis and an X-axis and a Y-axis which are orthogonal to the Z-axis and form a substantially horizontal plane. Is provided, and the parallel mechanism mechanism 7 is not shown in FIG. A space between the ceiling member 3 and the table 5 becomes a processing region 6, and most of the parallel mechanism mechanism 7 is arranged in the processing region 6. The processing area 6 is a space surrounded by the splash cover 8 and the door 8a in order to prevent scattering of cutting powder, coolant and the like. The upper part of the ceiling member 3 is a driving chamber 10 surrounded by a cover 9, and here a parallel mechanism mechanism 7 is provided.
A drive unit such as the drive motor 11 of FIG. A table support device 12 for adjusting the tilt and the circumferential position of the table 5 is provided so as to match the orthogonal coordinate system.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, in the parallel mechanism mechanism 7, two arms 20 and a connecting member 21 and the other end, which are arranged between one end (for example, an upper end) of the arms 20 and are connected to each other. (For example, a parallelogram is preferable) and three sets of link mechanisms 23 that are arranged between (for example, lower ends) and are connected to each other.
The three legs that move the end plate 24 as a movable member three-dimensionally are configured. The connecting members 21 and 22 of this embodiment have substantially the same structure and dimensions, and form a portion corresponding to the short side of the parallelogram, but the connecting members 21 and 22 have different structures and dimensions. Thus, the link mechanism may have a trapezoidal or other quadrilateral shape.

The end plate 24 is formed in the shape of a hexagonal plate. Connecting member 2 at the lower end of each link mechanism 23
2 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction, and end plates 2
4, bolts and pins (not shown) are positioned at predetermined positions and fastened and fixed. By moving the connecting member 21 at the upper end through the driving side member 25, the end plate 24 attached to the connecting member 22 at the lower end is moved in parallel in space and positioned while always maintaining a horizontal posture.

A spindle head 27 having a spindle 26 that is rotationally driven is attached to the center of the end plate 24. A tool 28 is detachably attached to a main shaft 26 arranged downward from the end plate 24. The spindle head 27 has a spindle motor 36 for rotating the spindle 26.
Is installed. At the center of the ceiling member 3, a support portion 2 that projects downward and supports the parallel mechanism mechanism 7 is provided.
9 are integrally formed. The support part 29 integrally has three support members 30 facing downward,
These support members 30 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction.

The base end portion 31 of the driving side member 25 is on the frame 13 side including the pillar 2 and the ceiling member 3, that is, the support member 3.
0 is swingably supported, and the tip end portion 32 of the driving-side member 25 is swingably connected to the upper end connecting member 21. The rack 34 meshes with the pinion 33 that is rotated by the drive motor 11 and reciprocates as shown by an arrow H, and is swingably connected to the drive-side member tip portion 32. The pinion 33 and the rack 34 constitute a booster mechanism. The driving-side member 25 is pulled upward by a tension spring 35 as a biasing member with a biasing force that is substantially the same as the gravity acting on the attachment position B of the tension spring 35. The link mechanism 23, the drive side member 25, and the rack 3 having the above configuration
4 and a pinion 3 that meshes with the rack 34
Three sets of unit mechanisms 38, which are composed of the drive motor 11 for rotating the motor 3, are provided. By these three sets of unit mechanisms 38, the end plate 24 supported by the lower end of the link mechanism 23 is horizontally moved and positioned in space.

Spindle motor 36 and three drive motors 11
Are controlled by the controller 37. The control device 37
By controlling each drive motor 11 according to a predetermined machining program to move and deform each link mechanism 23 of each unit mechanism 38, the trajectory of the tool 28 is controlled, and the spindle motor 36 is driven to drive the spindle 26 and Tool 2
Rotate 8 at high speed. As described above, the machine tool 1 has at least three legs (link mechanism 23), and the movable member (end plate 24) attached to the legs is moved in space by the movement of the legs based on the orthogonal coordinate system. The workpiece 4 is processed by moving the spindle 26 of the spindle head 27 provided on the movable member.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional structural view showing the upper part of the unit mechanism 38, and FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the upper part of the unit mechanism 38 seen from below, and a part thereof is shown in cross section. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the connecting member 2 having substantially the same size and structure.
Reference numerals 1 and 22 denote a housing 40 attached to the driving side member 25 or the end plate 24, a shaft 41 rotatably supported by the housing 40, and an arm 20 substantially orthogonal to a rotation center axis C of the shaft 41. Both ends of the shaft 41 and the arm 2 are arranged so as to freely swing around the orthogonal axis D.
And a pair of connecting portions 42 respectively connecting the end portions of 0. Arm 20 connected to connecting members 21 and 22
Oscillates about the rotation center axis C and about the orthogonal axis D by the joints of the connecting members 21 and 22, so that the two movements are combined to freely oscillate about the intersection of both axes C and D. It will move and realize the same three-dimensional movement as a spherical bearing.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the driving side member 2
A shaft 59 supporting 5 is spanned between two support members 30 and fixed to the support member 30 with bolts 59 a. Base end portion 31 of the driving side member 25 having a T-shape
Is rotatably supported by the shaft 59. The arm portion 60 integrally extending outward from the base end portion 31 swings up and down around the base end portion 31 as shown by an arrow F.
The housing 40 of the connecting member 21 at the upper end is fastened and fixed to the tip portion 32 of the arm portion 60. A rack 34 is swingably connected to the upper end of the arm tip 32 as shown by an arrow G. The rack 34 is swingable via a bearing 63 attached to the arm tip 32 and a pin 62 mounted in the bearing 63 and attached to the rack tip 34b.

A locking portion 67 for locking the lower end portion of the tension spring 35 is provided on the upper surface of the attachment position B in the middle of the arm portion 60, and the upper end portion of the tension spring 35 is provided on the ceiling member 3. It is locked to the locking portion 3a. The arm portion 60 is always pulled upward by the tension spring 35, and the tension spring 3
Since the spring force (biasing force) of 5 is substantially the same as the gravity acting on the locking portion 67, the pinion 33 is not loaded by the gravity. Therefore, the moving part including the rack 34, the driving side member 25, and the link mechanism 23 can move at a high speed with a small driving force.

A pinion 33 for reciprocating the rack 34.
A pressing mechanism 65 for constantly pressing the rack 34 to the pinion 33 side is disposed in the drive chamber 10 at the height position of. The pressing mechanism 65 supports the roller 64 by being fitted into the sleeve 68 so as to move forward and backward in the axial direction and the roller 64 that freely rotates by contacting the flat surface 34a formed on the rear surface side of the rack 34. A shaft 69 and a compression spring 66 for urging the shaft 69 toward the rack 34 as shown by an arrow J.
And Due to the biasing force of the compression spring 66, the shaft 69
Since the roller 64 is constantly pressed to the rack 34 side through the rack, the rack 34 reliably reciprocates as shown by an arrow H without being separated while being sandwiched between the pinion 33 and the roller 64.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the frame 13 that supports the link mechanism 23 as the leg has the ceiling member 3 that supports the link mechanism 23 in the upper portion, and is erected on the floor surface 1a. In order to reduce the weight, it is made of an aluminum material or the like having low rigidity. The frame 13 includes four pillars 2, a ceiling member 3 that is fixed to an upper portion of the pillar 2 and is disposed in a substantially horizontal direction to support the link mechanism 23, and a ceiling member 3.
(For example, four) horizontal girder members 7 arranged between the pillars 2 and the floor surface 1a and bridged between the pillars 2 in a substantially horizontal direction.
0. The table 5 includes a ceiling member 3 and a floor surface 1.
It is arranged between a and a and is attached to the frame 13 in a substantially horizontal direction. The table support device 12 that supports the table 5 tilts the table 5 so that the position of the table 5 coincides with the X, Y, and Z axes of the orthogonal coordinate system of the parallel mechanism mechanism 7, and the vertical axis of the orthogonal coordinate system ( The circumferential position around the Z-axis) can be adjusted respectively.

FIG. 6 is a plan view taken along line VI-VI of FIG.
7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the VII portion of FIG. 1, FIG. 8 is a plan view of line VIII of FIG. 7, and FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along the line IX of FIG. FIG. 10 is a plan view of the table 5. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 10, the table 5 integrally formed as a whole has an opening for dropping the cutting powder 71 generated by processing the work 4 with the tool 28 to the lower side of the table. The part 72 is formed. The table 5 has a rectangular work placement portion 74 that is disposed in the central portion and has a flat upper surface 73 on which the work 4 is detachably placed.
A ring-shaped (for example, rectangular ring-shaped) outer peripheral edge portion 75 that is disposed outside the work placement portion 74 and is supported by the cross beam member 70.
And the opening 7 between the outer peripheral edge portion 75 and the work placing portion 74.
A plurality of ribs 7 which are integrally laid so as to form 2
6 is provided.

The upper surface 73 of the work placing portion 74 is precisely finished, and the height of the rib 76 is lower than that of the work placing portion upper surface 73. The work placement part 74 has an X
Reference groove 84 that serves as a reference for matching in the axial and Y-axis directions
Are formed in a cross shape. The workpiece 4 is clamped on the workpiece mounting portion upper surface 73 by a clamp / unclamp device (not shown) using the reference grooves 84 and screw holes (not shown) formed in the upper surface 73. At the center of each side of the outer peripheral edge portion 75, a lateral projecting portion 77 projecting outward in the horizontal direction is integrally formed.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, since a space is secured in the lower portion of the table 5, a cutting powder receiving portion for receiving the cutting powder 71 falling through the opening 72 is directly below the table 5. A box unit 78, which is a unit, is installed. The box portion 78 is attached to the frame 13 so as to be pulled out in the horizontal direction as shown by the arrow M. The box portion 78 slides in and out while being guided by a guide portion 79 that is attached to the column 2 in the horizontal direction and that constitutes the frame 13. A handle 78a for pulling out operation is attached to the outer surface of the box portion 78.

As shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, the table support device 12 is movably attached to each of the transverse beam members 70, and the lateral projection portion 77 of the table 5 is attached via the first screw mechanism 80. Elevating means 81 for adjusting the inclination of the table 5 by raising and lowering it, and attached to each cross girder member 70, the elevating means 81 is clamped from both sides by the second screw mechanism 82, and the table 5 is rotated around the Z axis. Rotation means 83 for adjusting the circumferential position. In the table support device 12, the block member 85 is placed on the upper surface 95 of the cross beam member 70 in a non-fixed state. Block material 8
5 has a shape extending in the longitudinal centerline L direction of the transverse beam member 70, and both ends thereof are cylindrical outer peripheral surfaces 86.
A projecting portion 87 projecting upward in a cylindrical shape is integrally formed at the center of the block material 85. Block material 85
A through hole 88 is formed in the Z-axis direction at the center of
A mortar-shaped (for example, conical) tapered surface 89 that communicates with the through-hole 88 and opens on the upper surface of the protruding portion 87 is also formed.

Curved (for example, spherical) lower end 90a
A large-diameter bolt 90 having a large diameter is screwed into the screw hole 77a of the lateral projection 77 of the table 5, and the lower end 90a of the large-diameter bolt 90 is rotatably abutted on the tapered surface 89. A hexagonal operating portion 91 is integrally formed with the large-diameter bolt 90 so as to be located in the gap between the lateral protruding portion 77 and the block material protruding portion 87. That is, table 5
Is a block member 8 on the cross beam member 70 via a large-diameter bolt 90 screwed into the screw hole 77 a of the lateral protrusion 77.
5 is on the tapered surface 89. And
When the operation portion 91 is rotated, the lateral protruding portion 77 moves up and down relative to the horizontal beam member 70.

A semi-circular recess 92 is formed on the upper surface of the lateral protrusion 77. A nut 93 is provided in the recess 92.
The large-diameter bolt 90 and the lateral protruding portion 77 are fastened and fixed to each other by screwing the nut 93 into the upper end portion of the large-diameter bolt 90 for positioning. A small-diameter bolt 94 is inserted at the center of the large-diameter bolt 90 to position and fix the large-diameter bolt 90, the block member 85, and the cross beam member 70 in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction). On the upper surface 95 of the cross beam member 70, a groove portion 97 having a slit portion 96 opening to the upper surface 95 side is continuously formed in the entire center line L direction of the cross beam member 70. Groove 97
Has a shape in which the slit portion 96 is narrow and the lower portion is widened, and the lower edge portion of the slit portion 96 is a pair of engaged portions 98 that project downward and face each other. In the groove 97, a small piece 9 that is screwed into the lower portion of the small diameter bolt 94.
9, the small piece 99 is movable in the groove 97 in the direction of the center line L and contacts the engaged portion 98.

The head portion 100 of the small-diameter bolt 94 is locked to the step portion 101 formed on the upper end portion of the large-diameter bolt 90, and the bolt portion 94a has a through hole 102 formed in the large-diameter bolt 90 and a block member. 85 is inserted into the through hole 88 and the slit portion 96 of the transverse beam member 70 so as to be movable in the vertical axis direction (Z-axis direction), and the threaded portion at the lower end of the bolt portion is the small piece 9
9 is screwed. Large diameter bolt 90, small diameter bolt 94,
By the nut 93 and the small piece 99, the first screw mechanism 8
0 is configured. Therefore, if the head portion 100 of the small diameter bolt 94 is rotated with a hexagon wrench or the like, the small diameter bolt 9
4 is screwed into the small piece 99 and tightened. As a result, the head portion 100 comes into pressure contact with the step portion 101 of the large-diameter bolt 90, and the engaged portion 98 and the small piece 99 come into strong contact with each other, so that the lateral protruding portion 77, the large-diameter bolt 90, and the block member 8 are provided.
5 and the cross girder member 70 include a small diameter bolt 94 and a small piece 99.
It is fixed as a whole through and. As a result, the table 5 is positioned and fixed to the transverse beam member 70 at a desired height position. The block member 85 can be fastened and fixed to the cross beam member 70 by a pair of fastening bolts 103 located outside the protruding portion 87 and arranged in the direction of the center line L. A small piece 99 having the same structure as that described above is screwed into the lower end portion of the tightening bolt 103 to be crimped to the engaged portion 98.

The rotating means 83 for adjusting the circumferential position by rotating the table 5 about the Z-axis comprises a pair of sandwiching blocks 1 arranged outward in the longitudinal direction with the block member 85 sandwiched therebetween.
04, a bolt 105 for positioning and fixing the clamping block 104 to the cross beam member 70, and a small piece 99 provided in the groove 97 and screwed into the bolt 105, and a head horizontally screwed into the clamping block 104. The portion includes a clamping bolt 106 serving as a second screw mechanism 82, which is capable of contacting the cylindrical outer peripheral surface 86 of the block member 85. The pair of clamping bolts 106 face the longitudinal direction of the block material 85 (direction of the center line L), and the block material 8
5 is clamped from both sides.

Therefore, after tightening the bolts 105 to fix the sandwiching block 104 at a predetermined position, the sandwiching bolts 106 are projected and retracted so that the position of the block member 85 is changed to the groove portion 9.
If the table 5 is moved in accordance with 7, the table 5 is rotated around the Z axis together with the block material 85 as shown by the arrow K, and the circumferential position can be adjusted. Elevating means 81 so that the workpiece placing portion 74 is perpendicular to the Z axis of the Cartesian coordinate system.
The tilt of the table 5 is adjusted by the rotating means 8 so that the reference groove 84 of the table 5 is aligned with the X and Y axes of the Cartesian coordinate system.
If the circumferential position of the table 5 is adjusted with 3, the table 5
The posture of can be made to match the orthogonal coordinate system of the parallel mechanism mechanism 7.

As a concrete procedure of this adjustment,
A dial gauge (not shown) is temporarily attached to the spindle 26 instead of the tool 28. Then, the small-diameter bolts 94 and the tightening bolts 103 of the table support devices 12 on the four sides of the table 5 are loosened to remove the block member 8
5 is ready to move in the direction of the center line L. next,
The clamping bolts 106 on the four sides are rotated to move the block member 85, the large-diameter bolt 90, the table 5 and the like in the circumferential direction. That is, while the dial gauge is in contact with the side surface of the reference groove 84 of the table 5, the parallel mechanism mechanism 7 is operated and the dial gauge is moved in parallel to the X axis or the Y axis, so that the cross-shaped reference groove 84 has an orthogonal coordinate. Adjust to match the X and Y axes of the system. Then, the block member 85 is strongly clamped from both sides by the clamping bolts 106 to position the table 5 in the circumferential position.

Then, the dial gauge is attached to the work placing portion 7.
The parallel mechanism mechanism 7 is operated while being in contact with the upper surface 73 of the No. 4 and moved in the XY plane with the Z-axis coordinate of the dial gauge being constant, and the operation portion of each large-diameter bolt 90 on the four sides is operated. By rotating 91 to move the lateral protrusion 77 up and down, the height is adjusted while observing the dial gauge so that the work placement portion upper surface 73 is perpendicular to the Z axis of the Cartesian coordinate system. These positioning operations are performed for each of the four sides. This height adjustment allows table 5
After adjusting the tilt of the table 5, by tightening the nut 93 and the small diameter bolt 94, the table 5, the large diameter bolt 9
0, the block member 85, and the cross beam member 70 are integrally fixed. Then, the tightening bolt 103 is tightened to sufficiently fix the block member 85 to the cross beam member 70. By doing so, even if there is an error in the verticality of the pillar 2 or the horizontality of the ceiling member 3, the table 5, etc., the position of the table 5 can be easily matched directly with the orthogonal coordinate system. The present invention is particularly effective when applied to a machine tool having a parallel mechanism mechanism of three-axis control (X, Y, Z axis control).

Next, the operation of the machine tool 1 of this embodiment will be described. When a drive signal is output from the control device 37 to the three drive motors 11 and the spindle motor 36, each drive motor 11 rotates the pinion 33, and the spindle motor 36 rotates the spindle 26 at a high speed. By the rotational movement of the pinion 33, the rack 34 reciprocates as shown by an arrow H while swinging around the pin 62 as shown by an arrow G. Rack 34
The arm portion 60 swings up and down around the base end portion 31 as indicated by the arrow F, so that the link mechanism 23 moves three-dimensionally via the connecting member 21 at the upper end connected to the arm end portion 32. To do. As a result, the end plate 24 is moved in parallel with a high positioning accuracy while maintaining a horizontal posture, and the tool 28 rotated by the main shaft 26 makes it possible to perform high-precision machining such as tapping or hole machining on the work 4 such as a printed circuit board. Done.

In a conventional machine tool, a level or the like is used,
Each component is made of high-rigidity iron casting so that the Cartesian coordinate system of the mechanical system that moves the spindle or the work has a high degree of verticality and horizontality with respect to the direction of gravity, and that the table is horizontal. It was manufactured and assembled precisely with carbon steel, etc. Then, the horizontality or verticality of the mounting reference portion such as the bed is strictly set, and as a result, the position of the table is indirectly matched with the orthogonal coordinate system of the mechanical system. On the other hand, in the present invention, the table support is made so as to directly match the orthogonal coordinate system of the parallel mechanism mechanism 7 without concern for the orthogonal coordinate system with respect to the direction of gravity and the horizontal and vertical degrees of the table 5. The device 12 can adjust the position of the table 5. Therefore, the ceiling member 3 is
It is not necessary to set it as a vertical mounting reference part, and it is not necessary to use a level or the like.

Therefore, even if there is a manufacturing error or a mounting error of each component such as the frame 13, the parallel mechanism mechanism 7 and the table 5, the relative horizontality and verticality of the table 5 with respect to the Cartesian coordinate system can be directly and directly determined. It can be easily set precisely. Thereby, the work 4 can be processed with high accuracy. In particular, since the ceiling member 3 and the parallel mechanism mechanism 7 which are the mounting reference portions are installed at high positions in the air, if the frame 13 is made of aluminum or lightweight alloy having low rigidity, precise manufacturing and assembly become difficult. According to the present invention, the position of the table 5 can be easily matched with the orthogonal coordinate system of the parallel mechanism mechanism 7. In addition, in the said embodiment, although the case where the table 5 was arrange | positioned under the parallel mechanism mechanism 7 was demonstrated, when it is upside down, for example, the parallel mechanism mechanism is installed upside down, and the table to which a workpiece | work is attached is installed. It may be arranged above the parallel mechanism mechanism.

Next, the cutting powder 71 generated by machining
An example of the means for removing is explained. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 7, the splash cover 8 surrounding the processing area 6 is integrally provided with a first inclined member 110 for guiding the falling cutting powder 71 to the opening 72. Installed on. Above the box portion 78, a second inclined member 111 for guiding the cutting powder 71 falling through the opening 72 into the box portion 78 is attached to the cross beam member 70 over the entire circumference. The space 6a between the lower portion of the table 5 and the box portion 78 and the space inside the box portion 78 communicate with the processing region 6 through the opening 72, so that the cutting powder 71 is prevented from leaking to the outside. Therefore, it is preferable to seal the internal space including the processing region 6 and the space 6a.

Therefore, the outer peripheral surface 1 of the first inclined member 110
A seal member 113 is provided over the entire circumference between 12 and the inner peripheral surface 75a of the outer peripheral edge portion 75 of the table 5. The second inclined member 111 is the inner peripheral surface 70 of the cross beam member 70.
It is fastened and fixed to the a side by a bolt 114. The seal member 116 is also provided over the entire circumference between the inner peripheral surface 115 above the second inclined member 111 and the lower outer peripheral surface 75b of the table outer peripheral edge portion 75. A support member 118 is horizontally fixed to the lower surface of the cross beam member 70 in a rectangular ring shape by a bolt 117, and a partition plate 119 for partitioning the internal space and the outside is fixed to the lower surface of the support member 118. . Lower peripheral surface 12 of the second tilting member 111
A seal member 122 is provided over the entire circumference between 0 and the inner peripheral edge portion 121 of the support member 118. In this way, the sealing members 113, 116, 122 are brought into close contact with the first and second inclined members 110, 111, respectively, thereby sealing the internal space including the processing region. The seal members 113, 116, 122 are made of a sponge rubber or the like made of a flexible material having oil resistance and water resistance, and the table 5
It is preferable that the contact state be maintained even if the position adjustment is performed.

Therefore, the cutting powder 71 scattered around the processing region 6 is guided by the first inclined member 110 and drops from the opening 72 to the space 6a below,
The cutting powder 71 is always guided toward the inner side of the internal space because it is guided by the second sloping member 111 and stored in the box portion 78. Cutting powder 7 in box 78
When 1 is accumulated, the box portion 78 is pulled out from the guide portion 79 as shown by an arrow M, and the cutting powder 71 is discarded. The spindle 2
It is preferable that the air is blown from the vicinity of 6 to the processing portion to constantly blow the air, since the cutting powder 71 is not deposited on the processing portion.

According to this embodiment, a space for accommodating the box portion 78 is secured under the table 5, and the cutting powder 7 generated and deposited on the table 5 by machining is accumulated.
Since 1 can be dropped naturally and stored in the box portion 78, the cutting powder 71 can be effectively removed from the table 5 with a simple structure that does not use power. Further, since the means for removing the cutting powder can be compactly installed in the space under the table 5, the machine tool itself does not become large and the cost can be reduced. In addition, seal members 113, 116, 122 are provided at positions where the first tilting member 110 and the table 5 overlap with each other, and the second tilting member 111 and the support material 118 respectively, to seal the internal space. Therefore, the cutting powder 71 does not leak to the outside of the machine tool 1 and does not pollute the surrounding environment. In addition to the cutting powder removing means of the present embodiment, a vacuum-operated cutting powder collecting device for sucking and removing the cutting powder may be provided.

Further, in order to remove the cutting powder 71, a chip conveyor (not shown) may be installed in place of the box portion 78. In this case, the supply port (that is, the cutting powder receiving portion) of the chip conveyor is installed immediately below the table 5, and the chip box for storing cutting powder is installed near the machine tool. The cutting powder 71 falling through the table opening 72 is received by the supply port of the chip conveyor, and then conveyed to the chip box by the chip conveyor and stored there. With this configuration, the cutting powder generated and accumulated on the table can be naturally dropped without using power and sent to the chip conveyor supply port. Since the cutting powder 71 that has entered the supply port is continuously conveyed to the chip box by the chip conveyor, the machine tool can be automatically operated. The same reference numerals in the drawings indicate the same or corresponding parts.

[0047]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the cutting powder generated and deposited on the table by machining is
It can be effectively removed from the table with a simple structure that does not use power.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 to 10 are views showing an example of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a side view of a machine tool.

FIG. 2 is a front structural view of a machine tool.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining a machine tool.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional structural view showing an upper portion of a unit mechanism.

FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the upper part of the unit mechanism as viewed from below.

6 is a plan view taken along line VI-VI of FIG.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a VII portion in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a plan view taken along line VIII of FIG.

9 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along the line IX of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of a table.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Machine Tool 1a Floor 2 Pillar 3 Ceiling Member 4 Work 5 Table 6 Processing Area 8 Splash Cover 13 Frame 20 Arm 21 Upper End Connecting Member 22 Lower End Connecting Member 23 Link Mechanism (Leg) 24 End Plate (Movable Member) 25 Drive Side member 26 Spindle 27 Spindle head 70 Cross girder member 71 Cutting powder 72 Opening portion 73 Upper surface 74 Workpiece mounting portion 75 Outer peripheral edge portion 76 Rib 78 Box portion (cutting powder receiving portion) 110 First tilting member 111 Second tilting Member 113,116,122 Seal member

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A workpiece having at least three legs, wherein a movable member attached to the legs is moved in space by the movement of the legs, and a spindle of a spindle head provided on the movable member is rotated to load a workpiece. A machine tool for machining, which comprises a frame which is erected on a floor surface and supports the legs, and a work which is attached to the frame in a substantially horizontal direction and on which the work is detachably mounted. And a table having an opening through which the cutting powder generated by the above falls, and a cutting powder receiving portion which is installed immediately below this table and receives the cutting powder falling through the opening. A machine tool with book legs. 2. The frame includes a plurality of pillars standing on the floor surface, a ceiling member fixed to an upper portion of the pillar and arranged in a substantially horizontal direction to support the legs, and the ceiling. A plurality of cross girder members arranged between the pillars and the floor and suspended in a substantially horizontal direction between the pillars, and the table has a planar upper surface and a central portion. And a ring-shaped outer peripheral edge portion that is disposed outside the workpiece mounting portion and that is supported by the cross beam member, and the outer peripheral edge. And a plurality of ribs integrally attached so as to form the opening between the work portion and the work placement portion, and a splash cover that surrounds a processing region is provided with the cutting powder that drops. A first tilting member for guiding to the A second inclined member for guiding the cutting powder falling through the opening into the cutting powder receiving portion is attached to the cross beam member, and the machining area is provided on the first and second inclined members. The machine tool having three legs according to claim 1, wherein seal members for sealing the internal space including the seals are closely attached. 3. The three legs are composed of three sets of quadrangular link mechanisms, each of which has two arms and connecting members arranged between upper ends and lower ends of the arms, respectively. 2. The movable member attached to the connecting member at the lower end is translated in space by moving the connecting member at the upper end through the driving side member.
Or a machine tool having the three legs described in 2.