JPH09148091A - Casing for x-ray device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a casing for X-ray device, which can certainly close an X-ray shutter with no risk malfunction when a casing door is opened. SOLUTION: A casing concerned for X-ray device comprises an X-ray shutter 19 to open and close an X-ray take-out hatch 14 in an X-ray tube 1, a door 4 furnished at the casing 3 and moved for opening and shutting, and a shutter opening/closing device which closes the shutter 19 with the opening motion of the door 4 (in A-direction) and opens it with the closing motion of the door 4 (in A'-direction). The shutter opening/closing device has a grooved cam 31 moving in a single piece with the door 4 and a can follower 27 to be fitted in the groove. The can follower 27 rotates round a shaft 22 in compliance with the opening and closing of the door 4, which causes rotational movement of the X-ray shutter 19 so as to open and close the hatch 14.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an X equipped with an X-ray tube.
The present invention relates to a casing for an X-ray device that houses a radiation device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art X-ray apparatuses for analyzing the properties of various substances using X-rays generated from X-ray tubes have been widely known. Since the operator must not be exposed to X-rays,
X-ray tubes and other x-ray optics are typically covered by a casing formed of a material that can block the passage of x-rays. An X-ray tube usually has inside it a cathode that emits electrons and an anticathode with which the electrons strike. When electrons collide with the anticathode, X-rays are emitted from the anticathode, and the emitted X-rays are extracted to the outside from an X-ray extraction window provided on the tube wall of the X-ray tube.

Generally, the X-ray extraction window is provided with an X-ray shutter for opening and closing the window. When the operator does some work on the X-ray device inside the casing, the X-ray shutter closes the X-ray extraction window to prevent X-rays from being emitted from the X-ray tube. Prevent operators from being exposed to X-rays.
Further, the casing of the X-ray apparatus is provided with a door, and when the operator works on the X-ray apparatus, the casing door is opened to perform the work. When the work is completed, the door is closed to prevent the X-rays from leaking out of the casing, and under the condition, the X-ray tube emits the X-rays.

[0004]

Conventionally, in order to ensure safety when an operator opens a casing door, there is known an X-ray device in which opening / closing of the casing door and opening / closing of an X-ray shutter of an X-ray tube are interlocked with each other. Has been. As an opening / closing interlocking mechanism in that case, one using an electric control system is known. Specifically, a sensor detects that the casing door has been opened, and based on the output signal of the sensor, operates an electromagnetic solenoid, a motor, etc. to close and move the X-ray shutter to extract the X-ray of the X-ray tube. Close the window.

However, in the interlocking mechanism using such an electric control system, when a failure occurs in the electric control system,
The X-ray shutter may malfunction and the operator may be exposed to X-rays. Also, due to the failure of the electrical control system,
A gap may occur between the timing when the casing door is opened and the timing when the X-ray shutter is closed. The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a casing for an X-ray device that can surely close the X-ray shutter without malfunction when the casing door opens. To do.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the casing for an X-ray apparatus according to the present invention is an X-ray tube X-ray tube.
An X-ray shutter that opens and closes the window for taking out radiation, a door that is provided in the casing and that moves to open and close, and an X-ray shutter that closes the X-ray shutter and drives the closing movement of the door using the opening movement of the door as a driving source. It has a shutter opening / closing means for opening an X-ray shutter as a source.

According to this casing for the X-ray apparatus, since the casing door and the X-ray shutter are mechanically connected to each other not electrically, no malfunction occurs in opening and closing the X-ray shutter, and moreover, the casing. It is possible to reliably prevent a deviation from occurring between the timing of opening the door and the timing of closing the X-ray shutter. Further, since the X-ray shutter opens and closes corresponding to the opening and closing operation of the casing door itself, it is not necessary to perform a special operation for opening and closing the X-ray shutter, and therefore the operability is very good.

As the opening / closing operation of the casing door, opening / closing by sliding movement, opening / closing by rotational movement, and the like can be considered. However, in order to make the shutter opening / closing means a simple and stable structure, it is preferable to open / close it by sliding movement rather than opening / closing by rotation movement. Also, X
As the opening / closing operation of the line shutter, opening / closing by sliding movement, opening / closing by rotational movement, or the like can be considered. Also,
The opening / closing by rotational movement may be the opening / closing by turning movement such as a door installed in a general house, or, as shown in FIG. 4, an X-ray provided with a through hole 21 for X-ray passage. It may be opened and closed by rotating the linear shutter 19 itself.

The shutter opening / closing means is not limited to a specific structure, but preferably, a cam that moves integrally with the casing door and a cam follower that rotates together with the X-ray shutter and contacts the cam. It is possible to adopt a configuration having it. In this case, the cam rotates the cam follower in the closing movement direction of the X-ray shutter in response to the opening movement of the casing door, and further moves the cam follower in the opening movement direction of the X-ray shutter in response to the closing movement of the casing door. It has the shape of a cam that rotates and moves to.

When a cam is used as the shutter opening / closing means,
The specific shape of the cam is not limited to a specific shape, but a groove-shaped cam is preferable. When such a grooved cam is used, it is desirable to install an X-ray shielding member so as to cover the grooved cam in order to prevent X-rays from leaking from the grooved cam. Further, in order to make the cam follower move smoothly, it is desirable to interpose a roller between the cam and the cam follower.

[0011]

1 shows an X-ray apparatus, in particular an X-ray diffraction apparatus, which uses a casing for an X-ray apparatus according to the present invention. This X-ray diffractometer is an X-ray source F that generates X-rays.
The X-ray tube 1 includes a goniometer 2 for measuring the angle of the sample to be measured and the X-ray detector, and a casing 3 for storing them. A door 4 having a handle 10 and an operation panel 5 are provided on the front surface of the casing 3. The operation panel 5 includes an alarm indicator light for notifying an abnormality regarding X-rays.

The door 4 opens and closes the opening 7 of the casing 3 by slidingly moving as shown by the arrow AA '. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the door 4 is opened in the direction of arrow A, and in this state, the inside is exposed from the opening 7 of the casing 3. Goniometer 2 installed inside casing 3
Has a sample support 8 and a detector arm 9. The sample S to be measured is supported by the sample support base 8,
An X-ray detector 11 for detecting the diffracted X-rays generated in the sample S is supported by the detector arm 9.

As shown in FIG. 6, an X-ray source F included in the X-ray tube 1 is composed of a filament 12 as a cathode and an anticathode 13 facing it. When the filament 12 is energized, the filament 12 generates heat and emits electrons, and the emitted electrons collide with the anticathode 13 at high speed to generate X-rays. The generated X-rays are extracted to the outside of the X-ray tube 1 through an X-ray extraction window 14 provided on the tube wall of the X-ray tube 1, as shown in FIG.

An X-ray shutter 19 is embedded inside the X-ray tube wall at the X-ray extraction window 14. The X-ray shutter 19 is formed in a columnar shape as shown in FIG. 4, and a through hole 21 for allowing X-rays to pass therethrough is formed at a substantially central position thereof. Further, the X-ray shutter 19 is provided with a rotating shaft 22, and in FIG. 5, the rotating shaft 22 is rotatably supported by a cylindrical bracket 23 embedded in the tube wall of the X-ray tube 1. The through-hole 21 of the X-ray shutter 19 has the X-ray extraction window 14 of the X-ray tube 1.
When the X-ray extraction window 14 is opened, the X-ray extraction window 14 is opened, and the X-rays generated by the X-ray source F are extracted to the outside through the window 14. On the other hand, when the X-ray shutter 19 rotates and the through-hole 21 is angularly displaced with respect to the X-ray extraction window 14 of the X-ray tube 1, the X-ray shutter 19 closes the X-ray extraction window 14. Get burned.

In FIG. 4, a cutout 24 is formed at an appropriate position on the rotary shaft 22, and a sensor, for example, a microswitch 25 is arranged at a position where the cutout 24 can be detected. Depending on whether or not the micro switch 25 detects the notch 24, whether or not the through-hole 21 of the X-ray shutter 19 is aligned with the X-ray extraction window 14, in other words, the X-ray extraction window 14 is opened. It is detected whether it is in the closed state or in the closed state.

In FIG. 5, a rotary arm 26 is fixed to the tip of the rotary shaft 22 of the X-ray shutter 19. A cam follower 27 is fixed to the tip of the rotary arm 26. Further, the cam follower 27 has a roller 28 at its tip. The rear end portion 27a of the cam follower 27 is located in a notch portion 23b formed in the disc-shaped base portion 23a of the bracket 23, as shown in FIG. A tension spring 29 as an elastic biasing member is stretched between the cam follower 27 and the support pin 30 standing on the bracket base 23a.

In FIG. 1, the door 4 for opening and closing the opening 7 of the casing 3 is made of lightweight plastic. The lightweight plastic is used so that the door can be opened and closed easily and the appearance is neat. Then, on the back surface of the door 4, as shown in FIG.
As shown in, the flat plate-shaped cam member 18 is fixed via the intermediate fixture 17. The fixing method between the intermediate mounting member 17 and the cam member 18 and the fixing method between the intermediate mounting member 17 and the door 4 are as follows.
Any method such as screwing, welding, adhesion, or the like can be adopted. By fixing the cam member 18 and the door 4 using the intermediate attachment tool 17, a space corresponding to the width of the intermediate attachment tool 17 is formed between them.

A cam 31 formed as a groove-shaped elongated hole is provided at a position slightly above the center of the cam member 18. The grooved cam 31 is composed of a linear groove 31a extending parallel to the opening / closing direction (the AA 'direction) of the door 4 and an inclined groove 31b inclined upward in the drawing. Further, in order to shield the grooved cam 31 from the outside, a flat plate-shaped X-ray shielding member 32 is fixed to the cam member 18. Both the cam member 18 and the X-ray shield member 32 are formed of a material that can prevent the passage of X-rays, such as a steel plate.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the casing 3
On the front side of the inside of the rail, a pair of upper and lower rails configured by arranging a plurality of rollers 33 in a line is provided. As shown in FIG. 3, these rollers 33 support the cam member 18 from above and below, thereby supporting the cam member 18 and the door 4 fixed thereto in a slidable manner in the direction of arrow AA ′.

When the cam member 18 is mounted on the casing 3 while being supported by the roller 33, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the tip roller 28 of the cam follower 27 is provided.
Fits into the grooved cam 31. The cam follower 27 is
The notch 2 formed in the disk-shaped base portion 23a of the bracket 23 by being pulled by the tension spring 29.
It moves until it hits either the upper end or the lower end of 3b, in which condition the X-ray shutter 19 is accurately positioned. Further, due to the spring force of the spring 29, the roller 28 at the tip of the cam follower 27 always causes the upper side surface of the inclined groove 31 b of the grooved cam 31 or the linear groove 31 a of the grooved cam 31 to be.
Contact the lower side of the under pressure. The state shown in FIG. 6 shows a state in which the cam member 18 and hence the door 4 closes the opening 7 of the casing 3. In this state, the tip roller 28 of the cam follower 27 is arranged in the inclined groove 31 b of the grooved cam 31. Located within the groove width. The groove width of the grooved cam 31 is set to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the cam follower roller 28. This is because play is taken into consideration in the assembling error, that is, a dimensional margin is provided.

When the cam follower 27 is in this state, the rotary arm 26 that supports it is in the upwardly inclined position. When the rotary arm 26 is in this position, the X-ray shutter 19 fixed to the rotary arm 26 via the rotary shaft 22 places the X-ray extraction window 14 of the X-ray tube 1 in an open state. That is, the X-ray passage hole 21 of the X-ray shutter 19 is placed at a position corresponding to the X-ray extraction window 14.
In this state, the X-rays generated by the X-ray source F in the X-ray tube 1 are X-rays.
It is radiated to the outside of the X-ray tube 1 through the window 14 for taking out the rays.

When the door 4 is gradually opened in the direction of arrow A from this state, the cam member 18 integral with the door 4 also slides in the direction of arrow A in FIG. Then, cam follower 2
7 is gradually pushed downward by the inclined groove 31b moving in the direction of arrow A, whereby the rotary arm 26 is moved to the position shown in FIG.
, And the X-ray shutter 19 also rotates in the same direction. When the door 4 and thus the cam member 18 continue to open, the cam follower 27 enters the linear groove 31a from the inclined groove 31b and further advances in the linear groove 31a.

When the cam follower 27 enters the linear groove 31a, the rotating arm 26 rotates from the upward tilted state to the downward tilted position as shown in FIG. The X-ray passage opening 21 is angularly displaced from the X-ray extraction window 14 of the X-ray tube 1, and the window 14 is placed in a closed state. In this state, X-rays generated by the X-ray source F in the X-ray tube 1 are prevented from being emitted to the outside of the X-ray tube 1 through the X-ray extraction window 14. Since the linear groove 31a is parallel to the sliding direction (the AA 'direction) of the cam member 18, the cam follower 27 moves up and down by the linear groove 31a while the cam follower 27 advances in the linear groove 31a. Movement is regulated and therefore
The X-ray extraction window 14 of the X-ray shutter 19 is firmly held in a closed state without malfunction.

When the cam follower 27 is above the neutral position as shown in FIG. 6, the spring 29 presses the cam follower 27 against the upper side surface of the inclined groove 31b. On the other hand, when the cam follower 27 is below the neutral position as shown in FIG.
7 is pressed against the lower side surface of the linear groove 31a. The action of the spring 29 prevents the cam follower 27 from vibrating, and as a result, the X-ray shutter 19 is stably held in either the open state or the closed state.

As shown in FIG. 5, when the door 4 closes the opening 7 of the casing 3, it is desirable that the door 4 cannot be easily opened. Therefore, in the present embodiment, magnets and magnetic members are installed at appropriate places on the door 4 and the casing 3, and the door 4 is magnetically attracted to the casing 3 when the door 4 is closed. Further, the sensor 4, for example, the micro switch 34 detects that the door 4 is completely closed.

The operation of the X-ray apparatus having the above structure will be described below. First, the operator mounts the sample S on the sample support 8 with the door 4 opened as shown in FIG. At this time, the cam member 18 integrated with the door 4 is in a state of sliding in the direction of arrow A as shown in FIG. 7, and the cam follower 27 is held in the linear groove 31a, so that the X-ray shutter is provided. 19 is an X-ray extraction window 14
Is closed. Therefore, the X-rays do not leak from the X-ray tube 1, and the operator can work with peace of mind without being exposed to the X-rays. In addition, the cam follower 27
Since the linear groove 31a restricts the movement in both the up and down directions, the X-ray shutter 19 can be accurately positioned at any position of the cam member 18 and thus the door 4 as long as the cam follower 27 is in the linear groove 31a. It is fixedly held in the closed state.

When the mounting of the sample S is completed, the operator inserts his / her finger into the handle 10 of the door 4 in FIG. 2 to slide the door 4 in the direction of the arrow A ', and closes the door 4 as shown in FIG. . When the door 4 is closed, as shown in FIG. 7, the cam follower 27 is held in the linear groove 31a of the grooved cam 31 for a while, so that the X-ray shutter 19 is held in the closed state. After that, when the door 4 approaches the position where the opening of the casing 3 is completely closed, the cam follower 27 enters the inclined groove 31b, and the inclined groove 3b.
It is pushed by 1b and gradually pushed up. When the door 4 completely closes the casing opening 7, the cam follower 27
Is pushed up to the upper position as shown in FIG. 6, whereby the X-ray shutter 19 is set to the open state. As described above, when the X-ray shutter 19 is opened, the cam member 18 and therefore the door 4 are always placed in the closed state due to the mechanical engagement between the groove-shaped cam 31 and the cam follower 27. Is reliably prevented from leaking out, so that the operator is not exposed to radiation.

After the door 4 is closed and the X-ray extraction window 14 of the X-ray tube 1 is set to the open state as described above, the operator gives an instruction to start the measurement through the operation panel 5 (see FIG. 1). To do. Then, in FIG. 5, X-rays are radiated from the X-ray source F in the X-ray tube 1, and the X-rays are extracted to the outside of the X-ray tube 1 through the X-ray shutter 19 placed in the open state. The extracted X-rays are used for the divergence regulation slit 15
The sample S is irradiated while its divergence is limited by. When the Bragg diffraction condition is satisfied between the irradiated X-rays and the crystal lattice plane of the sample S, diffracted X-rays are generated from the sample S, and the diffracted X-rays are focused on the light receiving slit 16 and pass therethrough. After that, it is detected by the X-ray detector 11. Then, the property of the sample S is analyzed based on this detection result.

In FIG. 5, when the shutter side micro switch 25 detects that the X-ray shutter 19 is in the open state, an alarm is displayed on the operation panel 5 to that effect. The operator who sees this does not open the door 4. When the door-side micro switch 34 detects that the door 4 is not completely closed, a warning to that effect is displayed on the operation panel 5. The operator seeing this notes that the X-ray shutter is not open.

Further, when the shutter side micro switch 25 detects that the X-ray shutter 19 is in the open state, and at the same time when the door side micro switch 34 detects that the door 4 is not completely closed, X
The generation of X-rays from the X-ray source F in the X-ray tube 1 is stopped, thereby ensuring the safety of the operator. However, such X-ray stopping work is merely an auxiliary work for ensuring further safety. This is because the door 4 is opened and closed and the X-ray shutter 1 is used as in the present embodiment.
This is because it is impossible in reality that the X-ray shutter 19 and the door 4 are opened simultaneously if the opening and closing of 9 is mechanically linked. Therefore, such an X-ray stopping operation can be omitted in some cases.

The present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments and can be variously modified within the technical scope described in the claims. For example, the X-ray tube and goniometer are shown in FIG.
Any format other than those shown in can be adopted. Further, any X-ray device other than the X-ray diffraction device can be housed inside the casing. Further, the configuration of the shutter opening / closing means that mechanically connects the opening / closing of the door and the opening / closing of the X-ray shutter is not limited to the configurations shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, and other appropriate configurations can be used. Further, the opening / closing operation of the casing door may be replaced with the opening / closing operation by the sliding movement, and may be a door type opening / closing operation by the turning movement. However, in that case, it is necessary to appropriately change the configuration of the shutter opening / closing means.

[0032]

According to the X-ray apparatus casing of the first aspect, since the casing door and the X-ray shutter are mechanically connected to each other not electrically, a malfunction occurs in opening and closing the X-ray shutter. In addition, it is possible to reliably prevent a deviation from occurring between the timing of opening the casing door and the timing of closing the X-ray shutter. Further, since the X-ray shutter is opened / closed corresponding to the opening / closing operation itself of the casing door, it is not necessary to perform a special operation for opening / closing the X-ray shutter, and therefore the operability is very good.

According to the X-ray apparatus casing of the second aspect of the invention, the shutter opening / closing means can have a simpler structure and more stable opening / closing than a so-called door type door in which the door is opened / closed by turning movement. The operation can be secured. Also,
In the case of using a door type door, when the door is opened, the door may come out in front of the casing, which may interfere with the loading and unloading of the sample or various operations for the X-ray apparatus. On the other hand, if the sliding door is used, the door does not come out in front of the casing, and therefore the work is easy.

According to the X-ray device casing of the third aspect, compared with the case where the X-ray shutter is constituted by a slide type shutter, or when the shutter opening / closing means is constituted by using a power transmission element other than a cam. Compared with the above, the structure of the X-ray shutter and the shutter opening / closing means can be simplified, and the auxiliary mechanism around the X-ray tube can be formed in a small size.

According to the X-ray device casing of the fourth aspect, the structure of the X-ray shutter and the shutter opening / closing means is further improved, as compared with the case where the X-ray shutter is constituted by a slide type shutter or a swivel type shutter. It is simple and the auxiliary mechanism around the X-ray tube can be made even smaller. Further, even if the opening / closing of the X-ray shutter and the opening / closing of the casing door are repeatedly performed for a long period of time, the operations of the X-ray shutter and the shutter opening / closing means are stable.

According to the X-ray device casing of the fifth aspect, the sliding movement of the door can be converted into the opening / closing movement of the X-ray shutter in an ideal form. The ideal shape is that it does not require a wasted space and that the casing door and the X-ray shutter can be opened and closed with very little force. Further, if the closed position of the X-ray shutter is held by the linear groove, while the door is slid and moved,
Since the movement of the cam follower in the vertical direction is restricted by the linear groove, the X-ray shutter can be stably held in the closed position. In addition, by restricting the vertical movement of the cam follower, the X-ray shutter will not move even if external force is applied to the X-ray shutter or its accessory device for some reason, thus ensuring safety. To be done.

According to the X-ray apparatus casing of the sixth aspect, even when the door is made of a material such as plastic that is lightweight but allows X-rays to pass therethrough,
It is possible to prevent X-rays from leaking out of the casing.

According to the X-ray apparatus casing of the seventh aspect, the frictional force between the cam and the cam follower is reduced, and the casing door and the X-ray shutter can be opened and closed smoothly with a small force.

According to the X-ray apparatus casing of the eighth aspect, the X-ray shutter is securely fixed and held at either the closed position or the open position by the force of the elastic biasing member.
Thereby, the opening / closing operation of the X-ray shutter can be repeated and stably performed.

According to the ninth and tenth aspects of the X-ray device casing, the casing door supporting mechanism can be formed as a simple and stable mechanism.

[0041]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an X using a casing for an X-ray device according to the present invention.
It is a perspective view which shows the whole shape of an X-ray apparatus, especially an X-ray diffraction apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state where a casing door of the X-ray diffraction device of FIG. 1 is opened.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing a combined state of a casing door and a cam member.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of an X-ray shutter.

5 is a plan sectional view showing a main part of the internal structure of the X-ray diffraction apparatus in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the portion shown in FIG. 5, showing the case where the X-ray shutter is in an open state.

FIG. 7: When the casing door is opened from the state shown in FIG.
It is a front view which shows the case where a linear shutter was in the closed state.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 X-ray tube 2 Goniometer 3 Casing 4 Door 5 Operation panel 7 Casing opening 8 Specimen support base 9 Detector arm 10 Handle 11 X-ray detector 12 Filament 13 Anticathode 14 X-ray extraction window 15 Emission control slit 16 Light receiving slit 17 Intermediate Fixture 18 Cam Member 19 X-ray Shutter 21 Through-hole for Passing X-ray 22 Rotation Shaft 23 Bracket 23a Bracket Disc Base 23b Bracket Notch 24 Rotation Shaft Notch 26 Rotating Arm 27 Cam Follower 28 Cam Follower Roller 29 tension spring (elastic biasing means) 31 cam 31a linear groove 31b inclined groove 32 X-ray shielding member 33 roller (rail means) F X-ray source S sample

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A casing for an X-ray device containing an X-ray device having an X-ray tube, an X-ray shutter for opening and closing an X-ray extraction window of the X-ray tube, and an opening and closing movement provided in the casing. An X having a door and a shutter opening / closing unit that closes the X-ray shutter by using the opening movement of the door as a driving source and closes the X-ray shutter by using the movement of the closing movement of the door as a driving source.
Line device casing. 2. The casing for an X-ray device according to claim 1, wherein the door is opened and closed by sliding movement. 3. The casing for an X-ray apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the X-ray shutter rotates to open and close the X-ray extraction window, and the shutter opening and closing means includes a cam that moves integrally with the door. The cam has a cam follower that rotates integrally with the X-ray shutter and is in contact with the cam. The cam rotates the cam follower in the closing movement direction of the X-ray shutter in response to the opening movement of the door. A casing for an X-ray device, which has a cam shape that causes a cam follower to rotate in the opening movement direction of the X-ray shutter in response to the closing movement of the door. 4. The casing for an X-ray device according to claim 3, wherein the X-ray shutter is formed in a cylindrical shape, further has a through hole for passing the X-ray, and further, with the center axis of the cylinder as a center. A casing for an X-ray device, wherein the X-ray extraction window is opened and closed by rotating and moving. 5. The casing for an X-ray apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the cam has a linear groove for holding the cam follower at a closed position of the X-ray shutter, and the cam follower of the X-ray shutter. A casing for an X-ray apparatus, which is a groove-shaped cam formed by an inclined groove for rotationally moving from a closed position to an open position. 6. The casing for an X-ray apparatus according to claim 5, wherein an X-ray shielding member is arranged between the grooved cam and the door. 7. The casing for an X-ray device according to claim 5, wherein the cam follower has a roller at a contact portion with the cam. 8. The casing for an X-ray device according to claim 5, wherein the cam follower is located on either the open position side or the closed position side of the X-ray shutter with the neutral position as a boundary. An X-ray apparatus casing having an elastic urging member that pulls it to another side. 9. The casing for an X-ray apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising: a flat plate-shaped cam member fixed to the back surface of the door and arranged inside the casing. And a rail means for supporting the cam member so that the cam member can slide sideways, and further, the groove-shaped cam is formed in the cam member. 10. The casing for an X-ray apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the rail means is composed of a plurality of rollers arranged on a linear trajectory.